2025年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀訓(xùn)練1（教師版）

2025年中考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀訓(xùn)練一一教師版一一專題1

文章導(dǎo)讀

【閱讀理解】：議論文，說(shuō)明文

A篇：中國(guó)科學(xué)家成功捕捉到了被譽(yù)“幽靈粒子”的中微子，推動(dòng)物理學(xué)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，使人類探索宇

宙又向前邁進(jìn)了一步。

B篇：李子柒回歸：沉寂三年，歸來(lái)仍然是頂流。

C篇：2024年11月4日，中國(guó)空間站第7批空間科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)樣品隨神舟十八號(hào)飛船順利返回。其中，

返回的斑馬魚等實(shí)驗(yàn)材料成為“明星”

D篇：現(xiàn)代人更愛(ài)通過(guò)視頻“閱讀”經(jīng)典，視頻幫助理解，但也引發(fā)對(duì)獨(dú)立閱讀能力的擔(dān)憂

E篇：諾貝爾科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)已揭曉，表彰他們?cè)谌斯ぶ悄芎偷鞍踪|(zhì)等方面的突出貢獻(xiàn)。

【閱讀理解】：記敘文—洗滌心靈，傳播正能量的故事

F篇：不要在意他人的負(fù)面標(biāo)簽，要專注于自身的成長(zhǎng)和進(jìn)步，要善待他人，擁有真正的朋友。

【完形填空】：中國(guó)經(jīng)典歷史故事——周處除三害。它講述的是周處如何從一個(gè)被鄉(xiāng)民視為禍害的人物轉(zhuǎn)變

為英雄的故事。

閱讀理解A

OnNov202024,700metersdeepunderthegreenhillsofKaipinginJiangmen,Guangdong,theconstruction

ofa35.4-meterwideball-shapeddetectorwascompleted.ThisisJiangmenUndergroundNeutrinoObservatory

（JUNO,江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)室）.Giantasitis,ifsdesignedtoobserveoneofthetiniestandlightestformsofmatterin

theuniverse—theneutrino.

Neutrinosaretinyparticles（粒子）smallerthanatoms（原子）.Thebirthofneutrinosisoftenrelatedtoextreme

eventsintheuniverse,suchastheBigBang.Thisisbecausehigh-energyneutrinosmainlycomeaboutbetween

crasheswithcosmicrays（宇宙射線）anddustorgas.

Theyhavenoelectriccharge（電荷），sotheycanpassthroughmatterwithoutbeingstoppedorsloweddown.

Thismakesthemveryhardtodetectandstudy.Everysecond,10trillionneutrinospassthroughyourbodywithout

leavinganysign,whichiswhytheyarecalled“ghostparticles”.

ScientistshavethusbuiltJUNOtocatchthese"shy"particles.Thedetector?s45,000“eyes"receivelightsignals

（信號(hào)），turnthemintoelectricalsignals,amplify（放大）thembyafactorof10millionandsendthemtoacomputer.

Scientiststhenusethisdatatostudyneutrinos.

Althoughneutrinoshaveexistedsincetheearlyuniverse,itwasn'tuntil1930thatAustrianscientistWolfgang

Paulisuggestedtheirexistencetoexplainmissingenergyinradioactivedecay（放射'性衰變）.Hesaidthatthismissing

energywascarriedawaybyanundetectedparticle,whichhenamedtheneutrino.

Neutrinoresearchhelpsusunderstandhowtheuniversebeganandchangedovertime,aswellaswhatthenatural

lawsarelike,openingthedoorformanypossibilities.Withtheselaws,wecangraduallyturnscientificdiscoveries

intotechnologies,whichcanbenefitourlives.Inafewyears,neutrinosmaychangetheworldlikeNewton's

discoveryofuniversalgravitation（萬(wàn)有弓I力）did.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutJUNO?

A.Itisabout700squaremeters.B.Itwillsoonbeputintouse.

C.Itiscube-shaped.D.Itliesdeepunderground.

2.Whyareneutrinoscalled“ghostparticles”?

A.Theycanonlybeseeninthedark.

B.Theycanpassthroughmatterunnoticed.

C.Theyareassociatedwithextremeevents.

D.Theyarefromcrasheswithcosmicraysanddust.

3.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Thediscoveryofneutrinos.B.Thefunctionsofneutrinos.

C.Theresearchoftheearlyuniverse.D.Theimportanceofneutrinoresearch.

4.Whatdoscientistssuggestaboutthefutureofneutrinoresearch?

A.Itwillfaceunexpecteddifficulties.

B.Itwillhelpusfindnewsourcesofenergy.

C.Itcouldleadtogroundbreakingtechnologies.

D.Itmayprovesomeexistingtheorieswrong.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Thedifficultyindetectingneutrinos.

B.Theimportanceofneutrinoresearch.

C.Thehistoryofthediscoveryofneutrinos

D.TheintroductionofJiangmenUndergroundNeutrinoObservatory.

【答案】DBACD

【解析】2024年11月20日江門建成JUNO研究中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)室，文章介紹中微子特性、發(fā)現(xiàn)及研究意義。

1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章開(kāi)頭提到“OnNov202024,700metersdeepunderthegreenhillsofKaipinginJiangmen,

Guangdong,theconstructionofa35.4-meterwideball-shapeddetectorwascompleted.ThisisJiangmen

UndergroundNeutrinoObservatory（JUNO）,\明確指出JUNO位于地下700米深處，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。選

項(xiàng)A文中未提及JUNO的面積是700平方米；選項(xiàng)B文中未提及即將投入使用；選項(xiàng)C中說(shuō)它是立

方體形狀，而原文提到是球型（ball-shaped）o

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyhavenoelectriccharge（電荷）,sotheycanpassthroughmatterwithoutbeing

stoppedorsloweddown.Everysecond,10trillionneutrinospassthroughyourbodywithoutleavinganysign,which

iswhytheyarecalled'ghostparticles,,\因?yàn)橹形⒆幽艽┻^(guò)物質(zhì)而不被察覺(jué)，所以被稱為"幽靈粒子”，選項(xiàng)

B正確。

3.A主旨大意題。第五段主要講述了1930年奧地利科學(xué)家WolfgangPauli提出中微子的存在來(lái)解釋放射

性衰變中缺失的能量，這是在講述中微子的發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)程，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.C推理題o根據(jù)最后一段""Neutrinoresearchhelpsusunderstandhowtheuniversebeganandchangedovertime,

aswellaswhatthenaturallawsarelike,openingthedoorformanypossibilities.Inafewyears,neutrinosmaychange

theworldlikeNewton5sdiscoveryofuniversalgravitation（萬(wàn)有引力）did”，科學(xué)家暗示中微子研究可能會(huì)帶來(lái)

開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的技術(shù)，就像牛頓發(fā)現(xiàn)萬(wàn)有引力改變世界一樣，選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章首先介紹了江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)室（JUNO）,然后講述了中微子的特性、中微子的發(fā)現(xiàn)以

及中微子研究的意義等內(nèi)容，整體是圍繞江門中微子實(shí)驗(yàn)室展開(kāi)的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

閱讀理解B

LiZiqiisback!Afterabreakofmorethanthreeyears,oneofChina'smostpopularinfluencers（網(wǎng)紅）finally

returnedonNov122024.

Licamebackwithtwonewvideos.Onetellshowshechangedashed（棚子）intoacloakroom（衣帽間）,and

theothershowshowsheusedtheintangibleculturalheritage（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）ofChineselacquerwaretechniques

（漆器工藝）tomakewardrobe（衣櫥）doors.Thesevideosquicklywentviralonsocialmedia.ByNov22,her

lacquerwarevideohad140millionviewsonSinaWeibo.

Fansfromaroundtheworldshowedtheirexcitementforherreturn."I'vemissedyouandyourgrandma.So

gladyoucameback,sohappy,“wroteonefanonYouTube.

“Iwenttomorethan20provincesandvisitedover100intangibleculturalheritageinheritors（繼承人）Litold

Xinhuaaboutthepastthreeyears.Shetalkedwiththem,studiedtheirskillsandlearnedthestoriesbehindtheirwork.

Now,shewantstosharetheirstorieswiththeworldthroughhervideos.

AlthoughmanyvloggershavetriedtocopyLi'sstyleduringherabsence（缺席），nonehavereachedherlevel

ofpopularity.Whydopeoplestilllikehersomucheventhoughshewasawayforoverthreeyears?

Onekeyreasonisthathervideoqualityisveryhigh.Hervideonotonlyshowstheproductionprocessof

traditionalChinesecuisineandhandicrafts,butalsoshowsthewisdomofnatureandhistory.Shewillspendseveral

monthsmakingavideo.Herpursuitofperfectionisdifficultformanyvideobloggerstocopy.

Theotherreasonisthatmanyofthemwanttoliveasimpleandslowlife.Li'svideosarehealingintoday's

noisyandfast-pacedworld.Thisdesireistimeless,justlikepeople'sloveforHenryDavidThoreau'sbookWalden

（《瓦爾登湖》）,whichalsotalksaboutlivingsimplyinnature.

1.HowdidLiZiqireturnafterabreakofoverthreeyears?

A.Bypostingtwonewvideosonline.

B.Byworkingtogetherwithotherinfluencers.

C.Byshowingherwardrobewithdifferentclothing.

D.Byteachingpeoplehowtomakeacloakroom.

2.WhatdidLidoduringthelastthreeyears?

A.Shemadevideosaboutdifferentinheritors.

B.ShelearnedChinesetraditionalskills.

C.Shesharedherownstorieswithmanypeople.

D.Shevisitedmorethan20countries.

3.WhatmakesLiZiqi'svideosstandoutfromthoseofothervloggers?

A.Theeditingstyleofhervideos.

B.Thespeedatwhichsheproducesvideos.

C.Thequalityanddepthofhercontent.

D.Herflawlesspresentationofnature.

4.WhydosomanypeoplelikeLiZiqiaccordingtothetext?

A.Becausesheteachesthemmanyusefulskills.

B.BecauseshemakesthemthinkofWalden.

C.Becausesheisbeautifulandhard-working.

D.Becausetheylikeherslowandsimplelifeandperfectvideos.

5.Accordingtotext,whatdoLiZiqi'svideosmeantoherviewers?

A.Alongingforasimplerlife.

B.AloveforChinesehandicrafts.

C.Anescapefrommoderntechnology.

D.AfascinationwithChinesehistory.

【答案】ABCDA

【解析】這篇文章主要講述了李子柒休息三年多后回歸，她帶著兩個(gè)新視頻回歸并迅速走紅，還介紹了她在

過(guò)去三年中拜訪了一百多位非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)繼承人并學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)技藝，以及盡管很多博主試圖模仿她，但她的

視頻質(zhì)量高、內(nèi)容有深度且能讓觀眾感受到慢生活的節(jié)奏，這些都是她仍然受歡迎的原因。

1.A文章提到“Licamebackwithtwonewvideos.”（李子柒帶著兩個(gè)新視頻回歸），這表明她是通過(guò)在網(wǎng)上發(fā)

布兩個(gè)新視頻回歸的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.B根據(jù)“Shetalkedwiththem,studiedtheirskillsandlearnedthestoriesbehindtheirwork."（她與非物質(zhì)文化

遺產(chǎn)繼承人交談，學(xué)習(xí)他們的技能并了解他們工作背后的故事）可知，在過(guò)去三年里她學(xué)習(xí)了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)技

藝，選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.C文中提到“Onekeyreasonisthathervideoqualityisveryhigh."（一個(gè)關(guān)鍵原因是她的視頻質(zhì)量非常高）

以及“HervideonotonlyshowstheproductionprocessoftraditionalChinesecuisineandhandicrafts,butalsoshows

thewisdomofnatureandhistory."（她的視頻不僅展示了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)美食和手工藝品的制作過(guò)程，還展示了自然

和歷史的智慧），這表明她視頻內(nèi)容的質(zhì)量和深度使她的視頻從其他視頻博主中脫穎而出，選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.D文章提到“Onekeyreasonisthathervideoqualityisveryhigh."（一個(gè)關(guān)鍵原因是她的視頻質(zhì)量非常高）

以及“TheotherreasonwhypeopleloveLi'svideosisthattheywanttoliveasimpleandslow（人們喜歡李

子柒視頻的另一個(gè)原因是他們想要過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單緩慢的生活），所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.A根據(jù)"TheotherreasonwhypeopleloveLi'svideosisthattheywanttoliveasimpleandslow（人們喜

歡李子柒視頻的另一個(gè)原因是他們想要過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單緩慢的生活）可知，她的視頻對(duì)觀眾來(lái)說(shuō)意味著對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單生活的

向往，選項(xiàng)A正確。

閱讀理解C

Fishbabiesinspace?!Inaspacestudyonzebrafish（斑馬魚），Chinesescientistshavesetanewrecord.They

successfullygotfourzebrafishtoliveandgrowinaclosedwaterworld.

ThezebrafishwenttoChina'sspacestationontheShenzhouXVIIIspaceshiponApril252024.Sincethen,

theyhavebeenlivinginaclosedfishtankwithsomeplants.Thefishgrewupandhadbabiesin43days.

Intheirspecialclosedenvironment,theplantsmadeairforthefishandthefish'swastegavetheplantsfood.

Thescientistsgavethefishfoodthroughaspecialneedle.

Suchaclosed-loopecosystem（封閉生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）isimportantforfuturestudiesinspace.Itmeansthatplantsand

animalscanliveinspacemoresimplyandeasily.

ThescientistsalsofoundthatthezebrafishacteddifferentlythanonEarth.Forexample,theyoftenswamon

theirback.Thelowgravityinspaceisabigreason.OnEarth,gravitypullseverythingtoEarth'scenter,andanimals

canfindtheirwayeasily.Gravityalsomakestheirbodiesworkharderandbecomestronger,saidTheConversation.

Humansandzebrafishshare70percentofthesamegenes.Sothenewfindingwillhelpscientistsbetter

understandhumanhealth.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthespacestudy?

A.Scientistsfromdifferentcountriesdidittogether.

B.Thezebrafishgavebirthtofourbabiesatlast.

C.Ittookplaceinaclosedenvironment.

D.Itlastedforlessthanonemonth.

2.Whichpictureshouldbeinthecircletoshowtheecosysteminthefishtank?

A.Humanbodiesgotstronger.B.Animalscouldeasilyfindway.

C.Thezebrafishswamupsidedown.D.Thezebrafishswaminthesamedirection.

4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theplanforstudyinghumangenes.B.Thefindingsofthespacestudy.

C.Furtherstudiesonzebrafish.D.Theimportanceofthestudy.

【答案】CBCD

【解析】文章主旨大意是關(guān)于中國(guó)科學(xué)家對(duì)斑馬魚在太空的研究。由于人類和斑馬魚基因有70%相同，這

項(xiàng)研究有助于理解人類健康和未來(lái)太空探索具有重要意義。

I.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的描述，斑馬魚在一個(gè)封閉的水世界中生活和成長(zhǎng)，這表明實(shí)驗(yàn)是在封閉環(huán)

境中進(jìn)行的。

2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)theplantsmadeairforthefishandthefish'swastegavetheplantsfood,scientistsgavethe

fishfoodthroughaspecialneedle.植物為魚提供空氣，魚的排泄物為植物提供食物?？茖W(xué)家們通過(guò)一根特殊

的針給魚喂食。故答案選B

3.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章中提到，由于太空中的低重力，斑馬魚的行為與在地球上不同，它們經(jīng)常背部朝上游

泳，因此選項(xiàng)C是正確的。

4.D.主旨大意題。最后一段主要討論了這項(xiàng)研究的重要性，特別是關(guān)于人類健康的部分，因?yàn)槿祟惡桶唏R魚

共享70%的相同基因，所以這項(xiàng)研究的新發(fā)現(xiàn)將幫助科學(xué)家更好地理解人類健康。

閱讀理解D

Classicsarethetreasureoftheliterary（文學(xué)）world.Foryears,peoplehavereadthemtolearnmore.Butnow,

morepeoplelove“watching“theseclassicsinvideos.

Accordingtoa2023reportreleasedbytheChineseshort-videoplatformDouyin,theviewsforbook-related

videosjumpedby65.17percentyear-on-year.

“TherearesomeclassicsthatIamnotinterestedinbutrequiredtoread,"said14-year-oldHeLiyanfromJiangsu.

“SoIusuallywatchavideoaboutthebooktofindsomeinterestingstorieswhichcankeepmereading.5,

Somepeoplealsofindclassicbooksreallylongandhardtounderstand,sotheygotovloggers'explanations.

“Thevloggersalsoaddpersonalopinionstotheirexplanations,makingthebookeasiertounderstand,added

He.

ADreamofRedMansions（《紅樓夢(mèng)》）isfamousforshowingChinesesocietywithinterestingcharactersand

apoeticwritingstyle.Ittalksaboutfamily,societyandhumannature.Thesethingscanbefuntowatchbutboring

anddifficulttoread.

“Therearesomanycharactersinthenovel,whichconfusedmealot,“said12-year-oldShaoXinyanfromHubei.

“Themindmapsshowninthevideosmaketheirrelationshipsclearer.^^

Whilereadingwithvideoshelpsmanypeople,someexpressdifferentopinionsandworries.

ForZhangBoren,a13-year-oldfromBeijing,readingisajourneyaboutformingapersonalrelationshipwith

thetext,notjustlearninginformation."'Bookscanletmeimagine.Althoughvideoscanhelpalot,theycan'tshow

everypartofawell-madestory,9,hesaid.

Eighteen-year-oldWangHongjiefromSichuanagreed,saying,"Itmaydecreasereaders5abilitytoread

independentlyandthinkdeeply.

1.AccordingtoDouyin,theviewsforbook-relatedvideos.

A.increasedgreatlyB.decreasedrapidly

C.remainedthesameD.wentupanddown

2.Howdobook-relatedvideoshelpHeLiyan?

A.Byexplainingclassicswithpictures.

B.Bysummarizingbooksinafewwords.

C.Byshowingmindmapsofsomeclassics.

D.Byincreasinghisinterestinthebooks.

3.WhatdidShaoXinyanlearnaboutADreamofRedMansionsthroughvideos?

A.Shelearnedaboutsomeexperts'opinions.

B.Shebetterunderstoodthecharacterrelationships.

C.Sheunderstoodthebook'spoeticwritingstyle.

D.Shegottoknowaboutthebook'swritingbackground.

4.Whatisthemainworryaboutbook-relatedvideos?

A.Theywastereaders5timebyjustsummarizingthebooks.

B.Theystopreadersfromunderstandingthebooksbythemselves.

C.Theygivetoomuchunnecessaryinformationtoviewers.

D.Thevloggers5incorrectopinionscouldmisleadviewers.

【答案】ADBB

【解析】抖音報(bào)告顯示書籍相關(guān)視頻瀏覽量增加，雖視頻助讀但也有擔(dān)憂，如影響?yīng)毩㈤喿x與思考能力。

1.根據(jù)"'Accordingtoa2023reportreleasedbytheChineseshort-videoplatformDouyin,theviewsforbook-

relatedvideosjumpedby65.17percentyear-on-year.”（根據(jù)中國(guó)短視頻平臺(tái)抖音2023年發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告，

與書籍相關(guān)的視頻的瀏覽量同比增長(zhǎng)了65.17%。）可知瀏覽量大幅增長(zhǎng)。答案是Ao

2.根據(jù)“'TherearesomeclassicsthatIamnotinterestedinbutrequiredtoread,'said14-year-oldHeLiyanfrom

Jiangsu.4SoIusuallywatchavideoaboutthebooktofindsomeinterestingstorieswhichcankeepmereading.'"

（來(lái)自江蘇的14歲的何立言（音譯）說(shuō)：“有些經(jīng)典著作我不感興趣但又必須讀，所以我通?？搓P(guān)于這本

書的視頻來(lái)找到一些有趣的故事，這能讓我繼續(xù)讀下去?！埃┛芍曨l是通過(guò)增加他對(duì)書的興趣來(lái)幫助他的。

答案是D。

3.根據(jù)‘“Therearesomanycharactersinthenovel,whichconfusedmealot,'said12-year-oldShaoXinyanfrom

Hubei."Themindmapsshowninthevideosmaketheirrelationshipsclearer.（來(lái)自湖北的12歲的邵欣妍（音

譯）說(shuō)：“小說(shuō)里有太多人物了，這讓我很困惑。視頻里展示的思維導(dǎo)圖讓他們的關(guān)系更清晰了?！埃┛芍?/p>

通過(guò)視頻更好地理解了人物關(guān)系。答案是Bo

4.根據(jù)"'Eighteen-year-oldWangHongjiefromSichuanagreed,saying,"Itmaydecreasereaders,abilitytoread

independentlyandthinkdeeply.'"（來(lái)自四川的18歲的王宏杰（音譯）表示同意，他說(shuō)：“這可能會(huì)降低讀者

獨(dú)立閱讀和深入思考的能力。“）可知主要的擔(dān)憂是它們會(huì)阻礙讀者自己理解書籍。答案是Bo

閱讀理解E

Thewinnersofthe2024NobelPrizeinSciencehavebeenannounced,whichrecognizesscientistswhohave

madeoutstandingcontributionstothedevelopmentoffieldssuchasproteinandartificialintelligence.Theyhave

maderecognizedcontributionsinphysics,chemistry,andmedicine.

ChemistryTheChemistryprizewenttoUSscientistsDavidBakerand

THENOBELPRIZEJohnJumper,alongwithBritishcomputerscientistDemisHassabis.

INCHEMISTRY2024

Bakerbuiltnewkindsofproteins（蛋白質(zhì)），whileJumperand

HassabismadeanAImodelcalledAlphaFold2toworkouthard

—奈proteinstructures（結(jié)構(gòu)）.Ithasbeenverydifficultforscientiststo

DavidDemisJohnM,

BakerHassabisJumper

"forcompurationalr,forproteinsrructureprediction"

proteindesign"HHH（功能）.However,AlphaFold2canperfectlyworkoutthe3Dshapes

IH6ROYALSWEDISHACADEMYOFSCIENCES

ofnearlyallknownproteins.Itmayalsohelpwithnewdrug（藥物）

development.

PhysicsUSscientistJohnHopfieldandBritish-CanadianGeoffreyHinton

THENOBELPRIZEwonthe2024NobelPrizeinphysicsforhelpingleadthewayforthe

INPHYSICS2024

developmentofALIn1982,Hopfieldmadeanetwork（網(wǎng)絡(luò)）that

helpscomputersstoreandrecallpatterns.Thisislikehowourbrains

rememberthings.Ayearlater,HintonmadetheBoltzmannmachine.

JfF-GeorItallowscomputerstolearnontheirowntofindpatterns,like

A1（.?.-.I'Ct.lfOf,11（：：?■,'■,<-?■,.river■r

thatenablemachinelearning

w：thartificialneuralnetworks"

spotting（發(fā)現(xiàn)）differentthingsinpictures.AccordingtoEllen

Moons,chairoftheNobelCommitteeforPhysics,theirworkhas

alreadybeenofthegreatestbenefitsinceartificialneuralnetworks

（人工神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)）arebeingwidelyused.

PhysiologyormedicineUSscientistsVictorAmbrosandGaryRuvkundiscoveredhowgenes

THENOBELPRIZE（基因）arecontrolledincells侈田胞）.Althoughallcellsinourbodies

INPHYSIOLOGYORMEDICINE2024

havethesamegenes,differenttypes,likemuscle（肌肉）andnerve

（神經(jīng)）cells,workindifferentways.Theyfoundoutthattinyhelpers

calledmicroRNAshelpcontrolwhichgenesareactiveincells.This

Itdiscoveryisimportantforunderstandinghowthingsdevelopand

function.

1VictorAmbrosGaryRuvkun1

A.developingtheAImodelAlphaFold2

B.buildingnewkindsofproteins

C.foldingproteinsinto3Dshapes

D.researchingnewdrugs

2.WhatcantheBoltzmannmachinedo?

A.Ithelpsbuildnetworksoncomputers.

B.Ithelpscomputersdiscoverpatterns.

C.Itcandrawdifferentkindsofpatterns.

D.Itallowscomputerstostorepatterns.

3.WhatdidVictorAmbrosandGaryRuvkunfind?

A.Humanbeingssharecertaingenes.

B.Differenttypesofcellsworkdifferently.

C.Howtocontrolgenesincells.

D.HowmicroRNAsinfluencecellactivity.

4.Whatdothethreediscoverieshaveincommon?

A.TheyareallrelatedtoAItechnology.

B.Theyarewidelyappliedindailylife.

C.TheyareallmadebyUSscientists.

D.Theyhelpusunderstandtheworldbetter.

【解析】文章介紹了2024年諾貝爾科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸麄冊(cè)诘鞍踪|(zhì)研究和人工智能領(lǐng)域做出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。

這些發(fā)現(xiàn)都有助于我們更好地理解世界。

1.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章中提到，DavidBaker因?yàn)闃?gòu)建新型蛋白質(zhì)而獲得了諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。

2B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章中提到，GeoffreyHinton發(fā)明的Boltzmann機(jī)器允許計(jì)算機(jī)自主學(xué)習(xí)以發(fā)現(xiàn)模式，比

如在圖片中識(shí)別不同的事物。

3.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。VictorAmbros和GaryRuvkun發(fā)現(xiàn)了微小的助手microRNAs如何幫助控制細(xì)胞中的基

因活性，這表明他們找到了控制細(xì)胞中基因的方法。

4.D.推理判斷題。這三個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)都有助于我們更好地理解世界。DavidBaker的工作幫助我們理解蛋白質(zhì)的

結(jié)構(gòu)，Hinton和Hopfield的工作推動(dòng)了AI的發(fā)展，而Ambros和Ruvkun的發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助我們理解基因如何在

細(xì)胞中被控制，這些都是增進(jìn)我們對(duì)世界理解的重要科學(xué)進(jìn)展。

閱讀理解F

Astudentstuckanoteonhisclassmate'sbackwhiletheywereatrecess（課間休息）oneday.Thenotesaid'Tm

Stupid”.Heaskedtherestofhisclassmatesnottotelltheboy.Theotherstudentsstartedlaughingattheboy,but

wouldn'tsaywhy.

Soon,itwastimefortheirafternoonmathclass.Theirteacherwroteadifficultproblemontheblackboard.No

onewasabletosolveitexcepttheboywiththenoteonhisback.

Ignoringthelaughter,hewalkedtowardtheblackboardandsolvedtheproblem.Theteacheraskedtheclasstoclap

（鼓掌）forhimandtookthenoteoffhisback.Shetoldhim,"Itseemsthatyoudidn'tknowaboutthenoteyour

classmateputonyourback,butyoudidn'tseemtocareanyway.^^

Thentheteacherlookedattherestoftheclassandsaid,''BeforeIpunishyouall,letmetellyoutwothings.

First,allofyouwillbelabeled（貝占標(biāo)簽）atonepointoranotherbyotherpeoplewhodon】wantyoutosucceed.All

youhavetodoisignoretheselabels.Youhavetotakeeverychanceyouhavetolearn,growandimprove.

Thentheteacheradded,ctAnditseemsthatnoneofyouarefriendswiththisboy,sincenoneofyouwerekind

enoughtotellhimaboutthenote.Ifthafstrue,thenyou'dbetterhopethatyouhavesomegoodfriendsyourself

Otherwise,youmightbetheonewithanotestuckonyourbacksomedaywithnoonetotellyou."

1.Whydidthestudentstickthenoteontheboy'sback?

A.Tomaketheteachernoticetheboy.B.Tohelphimwithamathquestion.

C.Toplayagameduringthebreak.D.Tomakefunoftheboy.

2.Howdidtheotherstudentsreacttothenote?

A.Theytoldtheteacheraboutit.B.Theyfeltsorryfortheboy.

C.Theylaughedattheboybutdidn'tsaywhy.D.Theyhelpedtheboyremovethenote.

3.Whatadvicedidtheteachergiveifsomeoneislabeledbyothers?

A.Listentowhatotherssay.B.Don'tcareaboutthelabel.

C.Turntotheteacherforhelp.D.Punishtheonewholabeledthem.

4.Whatlessonmighttheteachertrytotellallthestudents?

A.Weshouldlearnfromourfriends.

B.Weneedtomakeasmanyfriendsaspossible.

C.It'simportanttoconsiderhowothersfeel.

D.It'snoteasytobuildstrongfriendships.

【答案】DCBC

【解析】文章講述了一個(gè)學(xué)生在課間休息時(shí)把寫有“我很愚蠢”的紙條貼在同學(xué)背上，想捉弄他，其他同學(xué)

嘲笑這個(gè)男孩但不告訴他原因。下午的數(shù)學(xué)課上，背上貼著紙條的男孩解出了黑板上沒(méi)人能解出的難題，老

師讓同學(xué)們鼓掌并取下紙條。老師借此教育同學(xué)們兩點(diǎn)：一是被別人貼標(biāo)簽時(shí)要忽略標(biāo)簽，抓住機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)、

成長(zhǎng)和進(jìn)步；二是如果都不友善地對(duì)待同學(xué)，將來(lái)自己也可能面臨無(wú)人相助的境地。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ThenotesaidTmStupid'.Heaskedtherestofhisclassmatesnottotelltheboy.Theother

studentsstartedlaughingattheboy^^（紙條上寫著“我很愚蠢”。他讓其他同學(xué)不要告訴這個(gè)男孩。其他學(xué)生開(kāi)

始嘲笑這個(gè)男孩），可以看出這個(gè)學(xué)生把紙條貼在男孩背上是為了取笑他。答案是Do

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。原文明確提到“Theotherstudentsstartedlaughingattheboy,butwouldn'tsaywhy."（其他學(xué)生

開(kāi)始嘲笑這個(gè)男孩，但不說(shuō)為什么）。答案是Co

3.推理題o由"First,allofyouwillbelabeled（貼標(biāo)簽）atonepointoranotherbyotherpeoplewhodon,twantyou

tosucceed.Allyouhavetodoisignoretheselabels."（首先，你們所有人都會(huì)被那些不想讓你們成功的人貼上

這樣或那樣的標(biāo)簽。你們所要做的就是忽略這些標(biāo)簽）可知，如果被別人貼標(biāo)簽，老師建議不要在意這個(gè)標(biāo)

簽。答案是Bo

4.推理判斷題。從“Anditseemsthatnoneofyouarefriendswiththisboy,sincenoneofyouwerekindenoughto

tellhimaboutthenote.Ifthafstrue,thenyou'dbetterhopethatyouhavesomegoodfriendsyourself.Otherwise,

youmightbetheonewithanotestuckonyourbacksomedaywithnoonetotellyou.“（看起來(lái)你4門沒(méi)有人是這個(gè)

男孩的朋友，因?yàn)槟銈儧](méi)有一個(gè)人好心到告訴他紙條的事。如果這是真的，那么你們最好希望自己有一些好

朋友。否則，有一天你可能會(huì)成為那個(gè)背上貼著紙條卻沒(méi)人告訴你的人）可以推斷出，老師想告訴所有學(xué)生

考慮他人感受是很重要的。答案是Co

完形填空

DuringtheWesternJinDynasty,therewasamannamedZhouChu.Hewastallerand]thananyother

maninthevillage.However,hewasimpoliteandrude.People2himbecauseheoftenhitvillagers.Atthe

time,therewasaman-eatingtigerandadeepwatermonster（怪物）livingnearby.Theyoftencaused3for

thevillage.Peoplecalledthemtwo,alongwithZhou,the“threeevils^^（害）.

Oneday,somevillagersaskedZhoutohelpthemkillthetigerandthemonster.Zhouagreed.Afterthreedays

offighting,Zhou4killedthem.Butthevillagersthoughthewasdeadduringthefight.BeforeZhoucame

back,theycelebratedhis5.Afterseeingthis,Zhourealizedhowmuchhewashatedanddecidedtomakea

6.

HevisitedafamousmannamedLuYun.Lutoldhim,“7onerealizeswhatisgoodinthemorning,he

canchangehisbehaviorintheevening.Justdowhatyouthinkis8

Fromthenon,ZhouChu9hittingotherpeopleandbecameagoodperson.

Infact,ifsnoteasyforustoknowourownmistakes,evenwhentheyarecleartoothers.ItwasgoodthatZhou

wasabletomakechanges.

Weallmakemistakes.Butifsnevertoolateto10them.