2024-2025學(xué)年山西省太原市部分學(xué)校高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省太原市部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUrbangardensarevaluableassetstocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunitycohesion（凝聚力）,makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.So,let'scheckoutourlistof4inspiringurbangardensintheUS.GothamGreensWhere:NewYorkChicagoWhat:GothamGreensfirststartedinBrooklynandnowhasfourlocationsinNewYorkCityandChicago.TheirflagshipfarminBrooklynproducesover100,000poundsofgreensperyear.Butitdoesn'tjustproducehealthylocalvegetables.Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudentsWhere:Baltimore,MarylandWhat:TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents（BUGS）programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon'thaveaccesstogreenspaces,andhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.ReVisionUrbanFarmWhere:Boston,MassachusettsWhat:ReVisionUrbanFarminBostonworksinpartnershipwiththeReVisionFamilyHome—ashelterfor22homelessparentsandtheirkids.Thefarmprovidesthesefamilieswithinformationonhealthyeating,andaccesstothefarm'sfreshvegetables.Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.SwaleWhere:NewYorkWhat:Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.Thisurbangardenservesasbothalivingartexhibitandaneducationalfarm.Foodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines-eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic（共生的）relationship.1.WhatdoestheBUGSprogrammainlydo?A.Providejobtrainingforstudents.B.Usehigh-techgreenhousestogrowhealthyfood.C.Createasustainablegardenonalargeboat.D.Offerstudentstheopportunitytogrowvegetables.2.Whichurbangardenhelpspeoplegetoutofpoverty?A.GothamGreens. B.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents.C.ReVisionUrbanFarm. D.Swale.3.Wherecancitizensgotoseeafoodforest?A.Chicago. B.Baltimore.C.Boston. D.NewYork.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要講述了城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們?yōu)榉N植可持續(xù)糧食提供綠色空間，建立社區(qū)凝聚力(凝聚力)，結(jié)交新朋友，與地球相連，等等。本文主要介紹了美國4個(gè)城市花園。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents（BUGS）programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.（巴爾的摩城市園藝與學(xué)生(BUGS)項(xiàng)目鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生們通過課后和暑期項(xiàng)目親自動(dòng)手種植蔬菜。）”可知，BUGS這個(gè)項(xiàng)目主要是讓學(xué)生們課后種植蔬菜。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.（該組織還提供職業(yè)培訓(xùn)，幫助家庭擺脫貧困的循環(huán)。）”可知，ReVisionUrbanFarm能夠幫助人們脫離貧困。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.（Swale是一個(gè)位于一艘大船上的漂浮食物森林，這是一個(gè)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目，旨在啟發(fā)市民重新思考我們的城市和食物之間的關(guān)系。）”以及“.Foodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines-eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic（共生的）relationship.”（食物林是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的花園，包括蔬菜、水果、堅(jiān)果樹、灌木、草本植物和葡萄藤，每一種都以共生關(guān)系相互補(bǔ)充）可知，位于紐約的Swale是一個(gè)食物森林。故選D項(xiàng)。BCynthiaRosenzweigwasawardedtheWorldFoodPrize.Sheplayedaleadingroleinmodelling(建模)theeffectsofclimatechangeonfoodproduction.Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.SheworkedasagraduatestudentattheGoddardInstituteforSpaceStudiesintheearly1980s,whenglobalclimatemodelswerebeginningtoshowtheeffectsofhumanrelatedCO2ontheglobalclimate.Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.Cynthiahasstudiedhowfarmerscandealwithclimatechangeandhowagricultureworsenstheproblem.Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.Sheaddedthatgreenhousegasescomefrommanypartsoffoodproduction,includingtheclearingofforestsforfarmland.4.WhathelpsCynthiawintheWorldFoodPrize?A.Thegreatsuccessinspaceresearch.B.TheimportantroleinagriculturalstudiesC.ThestudyofclimateeffectsonfoodproductionD.Thescientificresearchonglobalclimatechange5.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutCynthia?A.Theresearchinformation. B.ThechiefachievementsC.Thefamilymembers. D.Thelifeexperiences.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCynthia?A.Hard-working B.Humorous. C.Easy-going. D.Graceful7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Forestsshouldmakeroomforfarmland.B.Foodproductionalsoaffectsclimatechange.C.FarmersrelyonclimateforfoodproductionD.Agricultureisthemainsourceofgreenhousegas.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了一位世界糧食獎(jiǎng)?wù)摺廖鲖I·羅森茨威格，她致力于研究氣候與糧食生產(chǎn)之間的互相影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)首段“Asaclimateresearchscientist,shehasspentmuchofthecareerexplainingthatglobalfoodproductionadaptstoachangingclimate.(作為一名氣候研究科學(xué)家，她職業(yè)生涯的大部分時(shí)間都在解釋全球糧食生產(chǎn)是如何適應(yīng)氣候變化的。)”可知，辛西婭·羅森茨威格被授予世界糧食獎(jiǎng)是因?yàn)樗芯康氖侨蚣Z食生產(chǎn)是如何適應(yīng)氣候變化的，也就是說，氣候?qū)Z食生產(chǎn)的影響。故選C。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Cynthia,whodescribesherselfasaclimatescientist,grewupinavillagenearNewYork,anareathatledhertoliveinthecountry.ShemovedtoItalywithherhusband-to-beinher20sanddevelopedaninterestinagriculture.AfterreturningtotheUnitedStates,shefocusedhereducationonagriculturalscience.(辛西婭自稱是一名氣候科學(xué)家，她在紐約附近的一個(gè)村莊長(zhǎng)大，這一地區(qū)導(dǎo)致她住在鄉(xiāng)下。20多歲時(shí)，她和未來的丈夫搬到了意大利，并對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)生了興趣。回到美國后，她專注于農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)的教育。)”可知，先是介紹她成長(zhǎng)的村莊，然后和未婚夫搬去意大利，然后回到美國，這是她生活的經(jīng)歷。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Astheonlyteammemberstudyingagriculture,sheresearchedtheeffectonfoodproductionandhasbeenworkingsincethentoanswerthosequestions.ShecompletedthefirstexperimentofhowclimatechangewillaffectfoodproductioninNorthAmericain1985andgloballyin1994.(作為團(tuán)隊(duì)中唯一研究農(nóng)業(yè)的成員，她研究了對(duì)糧食生產(chǎn)的影響，并從那時(shí)起一直致力于回答這些問題。1985年和1994年，她分別完成了關(guān)于氣候變化如何影響北美和全球糧食生產(chǎn)的第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。)”可知，她一直致力于研究對(duì)糧食生產(chǎn)的影響，是一位很努力工作的科學(xué)家。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段第二句“Forexample,shewrotearesearchpaperthatsaidglobalagri-foodsystemscreatenearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalgreenhousegasescausedbyhumanactivity.(例如，她寫了一篇研究論文，稱全球農(nóng)業(yè)食品系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了近三分之一的人類活動(dòng)造成的全球溫室氣體。)”可知，食品生產(chǎn)使全球溫室氣體增加了近三分之一，所以食品生產(chǎn)對(duì)氣候變化也有影響。故選B。CMostofushavetoldalieatonetimeoranother.Someliesareharmful.Othersaremostlyharmless.Stillotherliesmayevenbecreatedwiththebestofintentions.Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutell,ittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.Peopleliefordifferentreasons.Sometimestheydoittomakethemselveslookbetter.Sometimestheylietogetoutoftrouble.Someliesarewell-intended,whichscientistscall“prosociallies”.Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.Whenyoutellthetruth,yourbraindoesn’thavetodoanythingunusual.Lyingtakesmuchmorework.Forexample,whenyouarelateforclass,youtellaliethatyouhavetostopbythelibraryandpickupabook.Yourteachermayasktoseethebookorevenaskyoutoreadit.Thismayresultinaseries(系列)oflies,causingalotofbrainworkdoneintheprefrontalcortex(前額皮層).It’sthepartinchargeofworkingmemory.Workingmemorykeepssomethinginmindjustforalittlewhile.Whenyouuseself-controltokeepfromtellingthetruth,thispartcomesintoplay.Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresources(資源)theretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.“Nearlyallculturesvaluehonesty,”Talwarsays.And,sheadds,“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.”8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphintendtotellus?A.Lyingstealsbrainpower.B.Harmlessliesarewelcome.C.Trustisnowheretobeseen.D.Manyliesarewellintended.9.Whatdowelearnaboutprosociallies?A.Theybringtellersalotoffun.B.Theygettellersoutoftrouble.C.Theymakereceiversfeelgood.D.Theyleadreceiverstoadeepthinking.10.Whyshouldkidstelltruthstodependablepeopleaccordingtoresearchers?A.Tomakethemfeelsafe.B.Toimprovetheircontrol.C.Toguidetheirstudyschedule.D.Tofreeuptheirworkingmemory.11.WhatdoesTalwarsuggesttostrengthenthevalueofhonesty?A.Makingpeoplesufferfromtellinglies.B.Givingpeoplepraiseforbeinghonest.C.Helpingpeopletoleadacreativelife.D.Askingpeopletolearndifferentcultures.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無論是什么樣的謊言，都需要大量的腦力來掩蓋謊言，人們可以稱贊誠實(shí)，來幫助創(chuàng)造一種加強(qiáng)誠實(shí)價(jià)值的文化。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butnomatterwhatkindoflieyoutell,ittakesagreatdealofbrainpowertokeepyourliecovered.(但無論你說什么樣的謊言，都需要大量的腦力來掩蓋你的謊言)”可知，無論什么樣的謊言，說謊都會(huì)竊取腦力。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Maybeyoutellyourparentsthatyoulovedthesweatertheygaveyouforyourbirthday(eventhoughyouwerereallyhopingforanewcellphone).That’saprosociallie.(也許你告訴你的父母，你喜歡他們送給你的生日毛衣（盡管你真的很希望有一部新手機(jī)）。這是親社會(huì)的謊言)”可推知，親社會(huì)謊言可以讓聽到的人不會(huì)感覺失望，而是感覺良好。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Spendingsomuchbrainpowertryingtokeepastorystraightmeansprefrontalcortexhasahardertimedoingothertasksthatrequireplanning,self-controlorworkingmemory,suchasplanningastudyschedule.Kid’sprefrontalcortexisnotfullydevelopeduntilaroundage25.Sotheyhavefewerresourcestheretobeginwith.Thatiswhyresearchersfeelit’simportantthatkidstudentsfinddependablepeopletowhomtheycansafelytellevenpainfultruthsaboutthemselves.(花費(fèi)如此多的腦力來保持故事的連貫性意味著前額皮層更難完成其他需要計(jì)劃、自我控制或工作記憶的任務(wù)，例如計(jì)劃學(xué)習(xí)日程。孩子的前額皮層直到25歲左右才完全發(fā)育。因此，他們一開始擁有更少的資源。這就是為什么研究人員覺得重要的是，孩子們要找到可靠的人，他們可以安全地告訴對(duì)方關(guān)于自己的甚至是痛苦的真相)”可知，說謊會(huì)使得前額皮層完成的工作記憶的任務(wù)量加重，而孩子的前額皮層到25歲左右才完全發(fā)育。由此推知，孩子們向可靠的人說出真相可以釋放工作記憶，減少任務(wù)量。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Therearethingspeoplecandotohelpcreateaculturethatstrengthensthevalueofhonesty.Ratherthanpunishingpeopleforlying,itismoreimportanttopraisethemfortellingthetruth.(人們可以做一些事情來幫助創(chuàng)造一種加強(qiáng)誠實(shí)價(jià)值的文化。比起因說謊而懲罰人們?nèi)?，更重要的是因他們說實(shí)話而贊揚(yáng)他們)”可知，塔瓦爾建議讓人們稱贊誠實(shí)，以此加強(qiáng)誠實(shí)的價(jià)值。故選B項(xiàng)。DYou’velikelybeenunabletoavoidtalkofthemetaverse(虛擬空間/元宇宙)inthepastfewmonths.Theterm,firstcoinedbysci-fiauthorNealStephensonina1992novel,hasbecomeavisionofthefutureoftechnologyinourlives.Andifthatistobebelieved,it’swherewe’llbelivingtherestofourdigitallives.“Themetaverseisafurthercombinationofourphysicalanddigitallives,”saysCathyHacklofFuturesIntelligenceGroup.Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles(眼鏡),addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.Youcouldattendconcertsandconferencesinthemetaverse,stagedina3Ddigitalrepresentationofanightcluborconferencecenter.Elsewhere,you’llshopforshoesinavirtualNikestoreororderfoodinavirtualMcDonald’sandhaveitdeliveredtoyourreal-worldhome.“It’sthefutureoftheInternet.Butit’salsoaboutfurtherconnectivity,”saysHackl.Sofar,mostoftheattentionaroundthemetaversehasbeenfocusedonthecompanyformerlyknownasFacebook,whichrebrandedlastyearasMetainanindicationofhowstronglyitbelievesinthefutureofthemetaverse.FounderMarkZuckerbergwantsabillionofustolive,work,andplayinthemetaverseby2030.ButHacklwarnspeoplenottoviewthesocialmediagiantasthecenterofthemetaverse.“It’snotjustonecompany,”shesays.“Nosinglecompanycanbuildit,either.”It’salsonotenabledbyasingletechnology,eventhoughrightnowthewayto“enter”themetaverseistowearapairofvirtualrealitygoggles.WhiletheearlyrunningmaybemadebyMeta,themomentum(勢(shì)頭)willbepickedupbyothers.Andjustbecausewehaveanideaofwhatthemetaversewilllooklikenow,itdoesn’tmeanthat’swhatit’llendupas,Hacklwarns.“ThewayIexplainitiswe’reinahigh-speedtrain,destinationmetaverse,”shesays.“Wedon’tknowthestops,butwekindofknowwherewe’reheading.”12.Whatisthemetaverseaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisjustawordfromasci-finovel.B.Itisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanconnectfuturelife.C.Itiswherewe’llbelivingtherestofourdigitallives.D.ItisavirtualworldthatinteractswiththerealworldthroughVRgoggles.13.Whydoesthewritermentionconcertsandconferenceinparagraph2?A.Tointroducehowthemetaverseworks.B.Torecommendanewwayofenjoyinglifeinthefuture.C.Totellreaderswhathislifewillbelikeinthemetaverse.D.Toprovideexamplesofhowphysicalanddigitallivescombine.14.WhatcanweknowaboutMetafromthepassage?A.Itisthecentreofthemetaverse.B.ItisasocialmediagiantlikeFacebook.C.Itseemstotakealeadingpartinthefieldofthemetaverse.D.Itbelievesallofuscouldlive,workandplayinthemetaverseby2030.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Wewon’tstopuntilwerealizethemetaverse.B.Itmatterswhowillbeinchargeofthebuildingofthemetaverse.C.Hacklisnotfamiliarwiththetrainshetookbutknowswheretogetoff.D.Thoughnotknowingtheprocess,Hacklissureaboutthebrightfutureofthemetaverse.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了什么是元宇宙，以及對(duì)我們生活會(huì)有哪些改變，以及目前發(fā)展的最好的公司是誰，以及對(duì)未來的展望。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles,addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，虛擬世界是一個(gè)可以通過虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)眼鏡進(jìn)入的3D虛擬空間，在我們的日常生活中添加了數(shù)字元素)”可知，元宇宙是一個(gè)通過VR眼鏡與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界互動(dòng)的虛擬世界。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Themetaverseisafurthercombinationofourphysicalanddigitallives”(元宇宙是我們實(shí)體生活和數(shù)字生活的進(jìn)一步結(jié)合)和“Putplainly,themetaverseisa3Dvirtualspacethatcanbeaccessedthroughvirtualrealitygoggles,addingelementsofthedigitalontopofourday-to-daylives.Youcouldattendconcertsandconferencesinthemetaverse,stagedina3Ddigitalrepresentationofanightcluborconferencecenter.Elsewhere,you’llshopforshoesinavirtualNikestoreororderfoodinavirtualMcDonald’sandhaveitdeliveredtoyourreal-worldhome.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，虛擬世界是一個(gè)可以通過虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)眼鏡進(jìn)入的3D虛擬空間，在我們的日常生活中添加了數(shù)字元素。你可以在虛擬世界里參加音樂會(huì)和會(huì)議，在三維數(shù)字形式的夜總會(huì)或會(huì)議中心舉行。在其他地方，你可以在虛擬的耐克商店購買鞋子，或者在虛擬的麥當(dāng)勞訂購食物，然后把食物送到你現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的家里)”可推知，作者提到音樂會(huì)和會(huì)議是為了提供實(shí)體生活和數(shù)字生活如何結(jié)合的例子。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ButHacklwarnspeoplenottoviewthesocialmediagiantasthecenterofthemetaverse.“It’snotjustonecompany,”shesays.“Nosinglecompanycanbuildit,either.”It’salsonotenabledbyasingletechnology,eventhoughrightnowthewayto“enter”themetaverseistowearapairofvirtualrealitygoggles.WhiletheearlyrunningmaybemadebyMeta,themomentumwillbepickedupbyothers.(但哈克警告人們不要將這家社交媒體巨頭視為虛擬世界的中心?！安恢皇且患夜?，”她說?！耙矝]有一家公司可以單獨(dú)建造它?！彼膊皇怯蓡我患夹g(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，即使現(xiàn)在“進(jìn)入”虛擬世界的方式是戴上一副虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)眼鏡。雖然Meta可能會(huì)搶先一步，但其他公司也會(huì)跟進(jìn))”可知，Meta可能會(huì)搶先一步研究出虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)眼鏡，可推知，它似乎在元宇宙領(lǐng)域占據(jù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andjustbecausewehaveanideaofwhatthemetaversewilllooklikenow,itdoesn’tmeanthat’swhatit’llendupas,Hacklwarns.“ThewayIexplainitiswe’reinahigh-speedtrain,destinationmetaverse,”shesays.(哈克警告說，僅僅因?yàn)槲覀冎垃F(xiàn)在的元宇宙是什么樣子，并不意味著它最終會(huì)是什么樣子。她說:“我的解釋是，我們是在一列高速列車上，目的地是元宇宙?！?”可推知，最后一段帶下劃線的句子是雖然不知道這個(gè)過程，但Hackl對(duì)超宇宙的光明未來充滿信心。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoHaveanAttractivePersonalityBeingattractivecomesmorefromyourpersonalitythanyourappearance,anddemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytohavinglastingrelationships.

______16______Thefollowingtipshelpfosteryourabilitytofascinateothers.Laughatyourself.

Ifyoumakeafoolofyourself,laughatyourselfinsteadoffeelingembarrassed.Itshowsthatyou’recomfortableinyourskin.Asenseofhumormakessomeonemoreengaginganddelightfultobewith.______17______Itisagreatice-breakerorstressreliever,butdon’truinaseriousconversationwithinappropriatejokes.Speaksincerely.

Tellpeoplethetruth.Ifyoucan’tcommittosomething,it’sbettertobehonestaboutitthantohavetotellthemlastminutethatyoucan’tmakeit.Whenpeopleaskforyouropinion,youshouldbehonest.

______18______Forinstance,ifyoudon’tlikeyourfriend’sshirt,respondwith,“Ireallylikeyouinblueinstead,”ratherthan,“Ihateit,it’sugly.”

______19______

Ifyouseevalueinmakingotherslaughandkeepyourselfpositive,you’llbeahappierperson,makingothersdrawntoyouasaresult.Agreatwaytoremindyoutolaughmoreistohavedailyjokesonyourphoneoremail.Setthemforatimeofdaywhenyounoticeyourselfstarttofeeldrained.Haveconfidenceinyourbody.

Youdon’thavetohavethe“perfectbody”tobeconfidentinit.Peoplewillbemoreattractedtoyouifyoudresswellandcarryyourselfwell.Ifyouneedalittleboost,placepostersaroundyourmirrorthatremindyouofthe

charmingpartsofyourbody._______20_______A.Speakina

positiveway.B.Makelaughingapriority.C.Remember,thereisa

timeandplaceforhumor.D.Thereisdifferencebetweenbeingfrank

andrude,though.E.Focusontheseratherthanwhat

you’reself-consciousabout.F.Actually,developingengagingpersonalitiesisnotthatfaroutofreach.G.Buthavingcharming

appearanceisonlyskin-deepandfarfromenough.【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.B20.E【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何擁有迷人的個(gè)性?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Beingattractivecomesmorefromyourpersonalitythanyourappearance,anddemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytohavinglastingrelationships.(魅力更多地來自于你的個(gè)性而不是外表，展現(xiàn)有魅力的個(gè)性是擁有持久關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，上文介紹了擁有迷人的個(gè)性的重要性，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)意為“事實(shí)上，培養(yǎng)迷人的個(gè)性并非遙不可及?！边x項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，選項(xiàng)中的“engagingpersonalities”和上文的“attractivepersonality”相呼應(yīng)，其能引起下文，下文介紹的正是如何擁有迷人的個(gè)性。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Itisagreatice-breakerorstressreliever,butdon’truinaseriousconversationwithinappropriatejokes.(這是一個(gè)很好的破冰或減壓方法，但不要用不恰當(dāng)?shù)男υ捚茐膰?yán)肅的對(duì)話。)”可知，下文的例子告訴我們，幽默感很重要，但也要分時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，不要用不恰當(dāng)?shù)男υ捚茐膰?yán)肅的對(duì)話，C項(xiàng)意為“記住，幽默是有時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的?！边x項(xiàng)能夠引起下文，下文的例子正是對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的舉例說明。故選C。【18題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Forinstance,ifyoudon’tlikeyourfriend’sshirt,respondwith,“Ireallylikeyouinblueinstead,”ratherthan,“Ihateit,it’sugly.”(例如，如果你不喜歡你朋友的襯衫，用“我真的很喜歡你穿藍(lán)色的衣服”，而不是“我討厭它，它很難看?！?”可知，下文的例子告訴我們，真誠很重要，但也要注意尺度，真誠和粗魯是有區(qū)別的，D項(xiàng)意為“不過，真誠和粗魯是有區(qū)別的?！边x項(xiàng)能夠引起下文，下文的例子正是對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的舉例說明，“我討厭它，它很難看。”正是一種粗魯?shù)谋磉_(dá)方法。故選D。【19題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Ifyouseevalueinmakingotherslaughandkeepyourselfpositive,you’llbeahappierperson,makingothersdrawntoyouasaresult.(如果你看到了讓別人笑并讓自己保持樂觀的價(jià)值，你會(huì)成為一個(gè)更快樂的人，從而讓別人被你吸引。)”可知，本段內(nèi)容介紹的是笑在生活中的重要性，B項(xiàng)意為“把笑放在第一位?！边x項(xiàng)能夠概括段落主旨，笑在生活中對(duì)我們自己和他人都很重要，它會(huì)使你成為一個(gè)更快樂的人，從而讓別人被你吸引。故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Youdon’thavetohavethe“perfectbody”tobeconfidentinit.Peoplewillbemoreattractedtoyouifyoudresswellandcarryyourselfwell.Ifyouneedalittleboost,placepostersaroundyourmirrorthatremindyouofthecharmingpartsofyourbody.(你不一定要有“完美的身體”才能自信。如果你穿著得體，舉止得體，人們會(huì)更喜歡你。如果你需要一些激勵(lì)，在鏡子周圍貼上海報(bào)，提醒自己你身體擁有的迷人的部位。)”可知，上文告訴我們不要過分關(guān)注外表，穿著得體，舉止得體就好，多關(guān)注自己身體所擁有的迷人的部位，E項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)注這些，而不是你的自我意識(shí)。”選項(xiàng)能夠承接上文，告訴我們多關(guān)注自己身體的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，不要過分在意外表。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Weneverstoplearning.ThemostimportantskillI____21____atschoolwaskeepingaroutine(慣例).Routinesallowustodeveloparhythm(節(jié)奏)toourlives,buttheyalsohavetheir____22____.Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutinethatyoudon’t____23____you’renolongerawareofyourtime.Thiscanstop____24____,whichmeansyoustartlivingyourlifeonautopilot(自動(dòng)駕駛).Doingthesamethingweekafterweekcanbeboring.Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthingsand____25____newinterests,youcanadjustyourroutinetobetterfityour____26____asthingschange.WhenIfirstcametocollege,Iwas____27____countlesstimesthatit’simportantyoudeveloparoutinesoyoucan____28____thingsimportanttoyou.Butit’seasytoforgetthebiggerpicture.Igotsoaccustomedtothe____29____oldthingsthatIwouldoften____30____aboutalloftheotherfunandexciting____31____collegehadtooffer.Itwasn’tuntilmyjunioryearthatIreallystartedsettingtimeasidetoexplorethingsthatwere____32____tome.Ineededtofinda____33____betweenkeepingastructuredtimetableandfindingtimetobecreativeandtry____34____things.Routinesareimportant,yes,butdon’tforget:it’snottheroutinethat____35____yourlife.It’sonlyyouwhocandeterminehowyouspendyourtime,sodon’tforgettothrowsomethingnewintherefromtimetotime.Aboveallelse,don’tliveyourlifeonautopilot.21.A.madeup B.pickedup C.putoff D.heldback22.A.meanings B.purposes C.disadvantages D.solutions23.A.realize B.believe C.desire D.pretend24.A.service B.play C.explanation D.advance25.A.explore B.lose C.attract D.exchange26.A.business B.research C.lifestyle D.organization27.A.forecast B.ordered C.noticed D.told28.A.bringdown B.focuson C.getacross D.takeaway29.A.simple B.same C.good D.helpful30.A.ask B.talk C.bring D.forget31.A.chances B.holidays C.movies D.lectures32.A.affordable B.safe C.interesting D.real33.A.difference B.balance C.competition D.feeling34.A.certain B.important C.regular D.new35.A.decides B.destroys C.risks D.saves【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.C27.D28.B29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。講述了自己剛開始是遵循慣例的人，后來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己失去了其他有趣和令人興奮的事，來說明，遵循慣例和重要，但是勇于嘗試新的事物也同樣重要。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我在學(xué)校學(xué)到的最重要的技能是遵循慣例。A.madeup編造；B.pickedup學(xué)會(huì)；C.putoff推遲；D.heldback使留在原級(jí)。根據(jù)前文“Weneverstoplearning.”可知，此處是指，作者在學(xué)校學(xué)到的技能。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：遵循慣例使我們的生活有節(jié)奏，但它們也有缺點(diǎn)。A.meanings意義；B.purposes意圖；C.disadvantages缺點(diǎn)；D.solutions解決辦法。根據(jù)前文“Routinesallowustodeveloparhythm(節(jié)奏)toourlives”，以及but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，前文講保持規(guī)律的好處，空處應(yīng)是缺點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很容易習(xí)慣你的日常生活，以至于你沒有意識(shí)到你不再意識(shí)到你的時(shí)間。A.realize認(rèn)識(shí)到；B.believe相信；C.desire渴望；D.pretend假裝。根據(jù)前文“Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutine”可知，很容易習(xí)慣你的日常生活，所以不會(huì)意識(shí)到時(shí)間的流逝。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能會(huì)停止前進(jìn)，這意味著你開始過著自動(dòng)駕駛的生活。A.service服務(wù)；B.play玩耍；C.explanation解釋；D.advance前進(jìn)。根據(jù)下文“whichmeansyoustartlivingyourlifeonautopilot(自動(dòng)駕駛).”可知，這可能會(huì)停止前進(jìn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你花時(shí)間去嘗試新事物，探索新的興趣，你可以調(diào)整你的日常生活，以更好地適應(yīng)你的生活方式。A.explore探索；B.lose丟失；C.attract吸引；D.exchange交換。根據(jù)前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthings”以及and，可知空處和前文并列，意思相近，所以此處應(yīng)是探索新的興趣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你花時(shí)間去嘗試新事物，探索新的興趣，你可以調(diào)整你的日常生活，以更好地適應(yīng)你的生活方式。A.business商業(yè)；B.research研究；C.lifestyle生活方式；D.organization組織。根據(jù)前文“Doingthesamethingweekafterweekcanbeboring.”可知，此處說的是生活方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次來到大學(xué)，我被告知無數(shù)次，重要的是你建立一個(gè)慣例，這樣你就可以專注于對(duì)你重要的事情。A.forecast預(yù)測(cè)；B.ordered命令；C.noticed注意到；D.told告訴。根據(jù)后文“countlesstimesthatit’simportantyoudeveloparoutine”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處應(yīng)是無數(shù)次被告訴，符合實(shí)際。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次來到大學(xué)，我被告知無數(shù)次，重要的是你建立一個(gè)慣例，這樣你就可以專注于對(duì)你重要的事情。A.bringdown降低；B.focuson專注于；C.getacross被理解；D.takeaway拿走。根據(jù)上文“it’simportantyoudeveloparoutine”可知，重要的是你建立一個(gè)慣例，這樣你就可以專注于對(duì)你重要的事情。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了同樣的舊事物，以至于我常常會(huì)忘記大學(xué)所提供的所有其他有趣和令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.same相同的；C.good好的；D.helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)前文“Itcanbeeasytogetsousedtoyourroutine”可知，習(xí)慣于慣例，也就是同樣的舊事物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了同樣的舊事物，以至于我常常會(huì)忘記大學(xué)所提供的所有其他有趣和令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)。A.ask詢問；B.talk說話；C.bring帶來；D.forget忘記。根據(jù)前文“Butit’seasytoforgetthebiggerpicture.”可知，是作者養(yǎng)成了慣例，導(dǎo)致他經(jīng)常忘記其他的事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了同樣的舊事物，以至于我常常會(huì)忘記大學(xué)所提供的所有其他有趣和令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)。A.chances機(jī)會(huì)；B.holidays假日；C.movies電影；D.lectures講課。根據(jù)下文“collegehadtooffer”可知，大學(xué)所提供的所有其他有趣和令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到大三，我才真正開始騰出時(shí)間去探索我感興趣的事情。A.affordable買得起的；B.safe安全的；C.interesting有趣的；D.real真實(shí)的。根據(jù)前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthingsandnewinterests”可知，是探索感興趣的事。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我需要在保持一個(gè)有組織的時(shí)間表和找時(shí)間創(chuàng)新和嘗試新事物之間找到平衡。A.difference差異；B.balance均衡；C.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；D.feeling感覺。根據(jù)后文“betweenkeepingastructuredtimetableandfindingtimetobecreativeandtrythings.”可推知，應(yīng)是在循例和嘗試新事物之間找到平衡之意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我需要在保持一個(gè)有組織的時(shí)間表和找時(shí)間創(chuàng)新和嘗試新事物之間找到平衡。A.certain肯定的；B.important重要的；C.regular定期的；D.new新的。根據(jù)前文“Ifyoumaketimetotrynewthings”可知是嘗試新事物。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：慣例很重要，是的，但不要忘記:不是慣例決定你的生活。A.decides決定；B.destroys摧毀；C.risks冒險(xiǎn)做；D.saves挽救。根據(jù)后文“It’sonlyyouwhocandeterminehowyouspendyourtime”可知，是你自己才能決定自己的生活，而不是慣例。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChineseNewYearisnow____36____(wide)knownastheSpringFestivalbecauseitstartsfromthebeginningofSpring.____37____(it)origin(起源)istoooldtobeknown.Severalexplanationsarehangingaround.ButallagreethatthewordNian,which____38____modernChinesemeans“year”,wasoriginallythenameofamonsterbeast____39____startedtoeatpeoplethenightbeforethebeginningofanewyear.OnelegendgoesthatthebeastNianhadaverybigmouththatwouldswallowagreatmanypeoplewithonebite.Peoplewerevery____40____(frighten).Oneday,____41____oldmancametohelpthem,offeringtosubdue(制伏)Nian.Hetoldpeople____42____(put)upredpaperdecorationsontheirwindowsanddoorsateachyear’sendtoscareawayNianincaseitcamebackagain,becauseredwasthecolorthebeastfearedthemost.Today,thecustomofputtingupredpaperandsettingofffire-crackers____43____(be)stillaround.____44____,peoplehavelong