專題四　高頻考點(diǎn)詞類1　動(dòng)詞2025高考英語大二輪語言運(yùn)用篇完形填空和語法填空題四　語法填空

專題四高頻考點(diǎn)詞類1動(dòng)詞2025高考英語大二輪語言運(yùn)用篇完形填空和語法填空題四語法填空語法填空是對考生語法知識(shí)和語境理解能力的考查，要求考生具備語法知識(shí)、語篇知識(shí)、單詞拼寫和邏輯推理的能力。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求考生能根據(jù)所學(xué)概念性詞語，從不同的角度思考和認(rèn)識(shí)周圍世界，能識(shí)別語篇間接反映或隱含的社會(huì)文化現(xiàn)象。卷別年份文本詞數(shù)體裁主題考點(diǎn)分布有提示詞無提示詞謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞形容詞/副詞名詞代詞數(shù)詞冠詞介詞并列連詞從屬連詞新課標(biāo)Ⅰ2024238說明文人與社會(huì)11230011012023215說明文人與社會(huì)04201011102022229說明文人與自然2211001111新課標(biāo)Ⅱ2024229說明文人與社會(huì)23020001112023212記敘文人與自我10320011112022225記敘文人與社會(huì)2221001011浙江1月2024270說明文人與社會(huì)22011010122023205說明文人與社會(huì)21310011102022203說明文人與自然41110010021．語法填空語篇類型為說明文或記敘文，語篇長度在200詞左右。選材貼近考生生活實(shí)際，滲透對考生的語言能力、文化意識(shí)和思維品質(zhì)這三大學(xué)科核心素養(yǎng)的考查。2．語法填空考查關(guān)鍵能力，突出必備知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)作用。有提示詞的題注重對名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語動(dòng)詞等必備知識(shí)的考查；無提示詞的題重點(diǎn)考查定語從句、主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、狀語從句、并列連詞、冠詞、介詞等。另外語法填空涉及對長難句結(jié)構(gòu)分析和句意理解的考查。1．注重中西方文化和傳統(tǒng)文化的考查分析近幾年高考語法填空話題可知，語法填空注重對中西方文化的結(jié)合以及傳統(tǒng)文化的考查，如2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷介紹了英國“絲綢之路花園”的整體設(shè)計(jì)以及其中新建成的玻璃溫室，體現(xiàn)了古絲綢之路對英國園林藝術(shù)的獨(dú)特影響，宣傳了以和平合作、開放包容、互學(xué)互鑒、互利共贏為核心的絲路精神。2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷報(bào)道了紀(jì)念中國古代作家湯顯祖的雕塑和涼亭在英國作家莎士比亞故居落成的新聞，介紹了兩位偉大作家之間的相似之處，展現(xiàn)了中西方文化的交流與融合。2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷的小籠包、2023年浙江1月高考卷的北京胡同等都體現(xiàn)出了對傳統(tǒng)文化的重視。預(yù)測今年高考英語命題仍注重通過精選語篇體現(xiàn)中華文明與世界文明的交流互鑒，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生增強(qiáng)國家認(rèn)同和家國情懷，堅(jiān)定文化自信，拓展國際視野，在跨文化交流學(xué)習(xí)中增進(jìn)國際理解，推動(dòng)世界文明共同發(fā)展。2．句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化從近幾年的語法填空難度來看，語法填空的難度呈逐年遞增的趨勢。2024與2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷的語法填空可用“極難”來描述，句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。預(yù)測今年高考語法填空中長難句會(huì)更長，更復(fù)雜。所以考生要強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，特別注意含有名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和非謂語動(dòng)詞的分析。3．增加轉(zhuǎn)化詞填空近幾年語法填空增加了轉(zhuǎn)化詞的填空，增加了難度。如2024年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷中walk就是考查的動(dòng)詞詞性，而且是不常見的及物動(dòng)詞的用法。2023年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷中的taste就是考查的名詞變形容詞的用法。詞性轉(zhuǎn)化更具有迷惑性，考生在做題時(shí)一定要認(rèn)真閱讀短文，徹底弄懂文意，才能正確判斷空格所填詞性。高頻考點(diǎn)詞類1動(dòng)詞如何判斷謂語動(dòng)詞明考向巧解題語法填空對謂語動(dòng)詞的考查側(cè)重于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致；偶有考查過去完成時(shí)及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)?？枷?如何確定謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)典例剖析eq\x(答案1.walks2.havestarted3.means4.wasfixing)

技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·河北衡水模擬)CaoCao’sacceptanceoftheseterms，andhissubsequenteffortstowinoverGuanYu，demonstrateastrategicapproachtoleadershipthat____________(value)talentandhonourspersonalloyalty.答案values解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致?？崭裉帪槎ㄕZ從句的謂語，根據(jù)并列謂語“honours”并結(jié)合語境可知，句子陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，that替代先行詞astrategicapproachtoleadership作從句主語，從句謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填values。2．(2024·湖南衡陽模擬)EmilySelove，theleaderoftheprogram，saidthatasyetthere____________(be)alotofinterestinthecourse，withtheuniversityreceivingmorethan100inquiries.答案hadbeen解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“said”可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生在過去，根據(jù)“asyet(到目前為止)”可知?jiǎng)幼魇窃谶^去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前完成的，所以要用過去完成時(shí)，故填hadbeen。3．(2024·湖南長沙三模)Amongthe25ethnicgroupsofYunnan，theYipeoplehaveauniqueculture，whichoverthousandsofyears________(develop)intocolourfulcustomswithdistinctivefeatures.答案hasdeveloped解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致?？仗幊洚?dāng)which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的謂語。根據(jù)從句中的“overthousandsofyears”可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；從句主語which指代前面的culture(單數(shù))，所以助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用has。故填hasdeveloped?？枷?如何確定謂語動(dòng)詞語態(tài)典例剖析eq\x(答案1.wasbuilt2.bedone3.beemployed4.werepermitted)技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·山東日照三模)In2011，Jilisilk__________(include)inthelistofChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritageitems.答案wasincluded解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。include是句中謂語動(dòng)詞，與主語Jilisilk之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句中有時(shí)間狀語In2011，講述過去的事情，應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語是專有名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式。故填wasincluded。2．(2024·福建廈門模擬)Inthepastfewdecades，thedelicateecologicalenvironment__________(preserve)silentlybythelocals.答案hasbeenpreserved解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Inthepastfewdecades可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語thedelicateecologicalenvironment(單數(shù))與謂語動(dòng)詞preserve構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbeenpreserved。3．(2024·福建漳州模擬)Theseclassicpopsongs____________(recognize)asthepeakofcreativeachievementintheirrespectiveeras.Theynotonlyreflectthehighestlevelofmusicalcraftsmanshipatthetimebutalsoleaveanenduringimpact...答案arerecognized解析考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處為第一句的謂語，根據(jù)下文時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語songs為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，和動(dòng)詞recognize為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填arerecognized?？枷?如何確定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)——主謂一致典例剖析語境猜詞：①recognisable(派)＝recognis(e)＋ableadj.易于識(shí)別的；可辨認(rèn)的eq\x(答案1.were2.were3.were4.has)技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·河南鄭州三模)PiDaywasfirstcelebratedintheUSin1988atSanFrancisco’sExploratorium，amuseumofscienceandtechnologywhich____________(encourage)visitorstobehands-on.答案encourages解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。定語從句陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為amuseumofscienceandtechnology，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填encourages。2．(2024·山東濱州二模)China’shigh-speedrailwaysareasuccessfulexampleofindependentinnovationinourcountry，andtheoveralltechnologicallevelofChina’srailways____________(enter)theforefrontoftheworldsofar.答案hasentered解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)后文sofar可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為theoveralltechnologicallevelofChina’srailways，中心詞為level，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasentered。3．(2024·福建福州三模)Theawards__________(divide)into10categories，mathematics，biology，psychology，justtonameafew.答案aredivided解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。本句主語Theawards與divide之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述的是一般情況，因此使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填aredivided。如何判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞明考向巧解題非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語、狀語、補(bǔ)語和定語是語法填空的高頻考點(diǎn)；非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語和主語較少考查。典例剖析eq\x(答案1.togive2.tofind3.Recalling4.tocatch5.tobite6.recognized)技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·廣東廣州一模)Askywell，or“tianjing”inChinese，isatypicalfeatureofatraditionalhomeinSouthernandEasternChina.Theyarecommonlyseeninhomes____________(date)backtotheMingandQingdynasties，whichweredesignedtohousedifferentgenerationsofrelatives.答案dating解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有謂語areseen，date與其邏輯主語homes構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填dating。2．(2024·廣東佛山二模)“Addressingtheissuerequiresmulti-sectoralandinterdisciplinarycooperation，makingfulluseofcutting-edgetechnologyandjointly____________(develop)riskpreventionandresponseplans，”headds.答案developing解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句謂語為requires，因此設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，multi-sectoralandinterdisciplinarycooperation、makingfulluseofcutting-edgetechnology和jointly__________(develop)riskpreventionandresponseplans一起作requires的賓語，應(yīng)用develop的動(dòng)名詞形式。故填developing。3．(2024·福建寧德三模)Theyarealsoabletoperforminplacesclosetotheiraudience，________(leave)themspellboundandcuriousafterwards.答案leaving解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他們也能在靠近觀眾的地方表演，使得觀眾之后感到著迷和好奇?？仗幮栌矛F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，“使得觀眾之后感到著迷和好奇”是自然而然的結(jié)果。故填leaving。4．(2024·江蘇宿遷三模)TheDuaninkstonehasvariousstyles，andnew-styleproductsaredesignedoneafteranother____________(meet)increasedexportdemands.答案tomeet解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，“滿足增長的出口需求”是不斷設(shè)計(jì)新型產(chǎn)品的目的，所以空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tomeet。5．(2024·廣東汕頭一模)Duringthewinter，lifehereseemstoslowdown.Intheearlymorning，it’spreferabletowalkthroughthealleys(surround)byEuropean-stylebuildings.答案surrounded解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幮揎椕~thealleys，作后置定語，thealleys和surround為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，需填過去分詞形式。故填surrounded。6．(2024·湖南岳陽三模)Intheeyesofexpertsandfashionindustryinsiders，traditionalChineseclothing，____________(represent)bythehorse-faceskirt，isasignificantsymbolofChinesecivilizationthathasinfluencedwesternfashionformanyyears.答案represented解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處作定語修飾前面的名詞traditionalChineseclothing，表示“以馬面裙為代表的中國傳統(tǒng)服裝”，且represent與邏輯主語traditionalChineseclothing為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。故填represented。高頻考點(diǎn)詞類2連詞明考向巧解題對連詞的考查主要涉及并列(句)和三大從句，這是高考語法填空的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)，也是易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。特殊句式也有涉及，但考頻較低。1.分析句子，找出主干，確定是并列成分還是主從復(fù)合句，抑或是特殊句式。2.如果設(shè)空前后是并列的單詞、短語或句子，則應(yīng)該使用并列連詞。3.如果是主從復(fù)合句，則分析從句和主句的關(guān)系來確定是哪種從句：(1)設(shè)空處所引導(dǎo)的從句和空前部分有修飾關(guān)系，則判定為定語從句；(2)設(shè)空處所引導(dǎo)的從句在整個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或者同位語，則判定為名詞性從句；(3)設(shè)空處所引導(dǎo)的從句作狀語，則判定為狀語從句。最后，根據(jù)句意及設(shè)空處在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞謥泶_定從句引導(dǎo)詞。4.如果有特殊句式的標(biāo)志詞，則判定為特殊句式。如何判斷并列連詞典例剖析eq\x(答案1.and2.or3.and)技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·山東濟(jì)南模擬)TheyarecustomarilymadeduringthelastlunarmonthonthetraditionalChinesecalendarwhenthetemperatureiscool____________notfreezingtodryandpreservethesestaples.答案but/yet解析考查連詞。cool和notfreezing之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but或者yet連接。故填but/yet。2．(2024·福建福州三模)Chittkaadded，“Iwouldbeveryhappyifthevisibilityofthisawardgetsmorepeopleinterestedinourwork，__________Iwouldbeproudifthisleadstofurtherparticipation.”答案and解析考查連詞?？崭袂昂蟊硎緝煞N可能情況的并列，用并列連詞and連接。故填and。3．(2024·湖南長沙三模)WhatisthesecretofthecharmofYunnanProvince?Beautifulscenery，rareplantsandflowers，localspecialties?Theseareallpartoftheanswer，____________theyaredefinitelynoteverything.答案but/yet解析考查連詞。空處連接前后兩個(gè)句子，應(yīng)用并列連詞?！癟heseareallpartoftheanswer”和“theyaredefinitelynoteverything”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but或yet。故填but/yet。4．(2024·浙江金華三模)InKorea，itwasknownasbaduk，____________inJapanitwascalledigoorgo.答案while解析考查連詞?！癐nKorea，itwasknownasbaduk”和“inJapanitwascalledigoorgo”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示對比，空格處意為“而”，用while，故填while。5．(2024·湖南懷化三模)Youcanbreathethefreshair，feelgentlebreeze____________appreciatethewonderfullandscapeonbothsidesofLiRiver.答案and解析考查連詞。breathe，feel和appreciate并列作謂語，空處用并列連詞and。故填and。6．(2024·河南開封一模)Today，wereceivestudentsfromtheUSJandotheruniversitieswholearnthelanguagetoeitherworkinChina____________continuetheireducationintheEastAsiancountry.答案or解析考查連詞。短語either...or...“要么……要么……”表示選擇關(guān)系，符合語境。故填or。如何判斷定語從句的關(guān)系詞典例剖析語境猜詞：①price(轉(zhuǎn))n.→v.給……定價(jià)語境猜詞：②fast-paced(合)＝fast＋pacedadj.快步調(diào)的，快節(jié)奏的eq\x(答案1.which/that2.who3.which4.that/which5.where6.which/that)

技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·福建龍巖三模)OriginatingintheHanDynasty，mulberrypaperwasmorethan300yearsearlierthanCaiLun’simprovedpapermakingtechnology，____________wasalsoamessengerontheancientSilkRoad.答案which解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是mulberrypaper，在從句中作主語。故填which。2．(2024·福建寧德三模)InarealitytelevisionseriesthatI’vebeenwatchingrecently，IcameacrossChinesefacemaskchanging，________performersareabletochangethefacemasksthattheyarewearingwithintheblinkofaneye.答案where解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的“Chinesefacemaskchanging”，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。3．(2024·江蘇宿遷三模)Theprocessinvolvesstoneselection，materialscreening，shapedesigning，carving，andwoodenboxmatching，among____________stoneselectionandcarvingarethetwomostimportantsteps.答案which解析考查定語從句?？仗幒徒樵~among引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“stoneselection，materialscreening，shapedesigning，carving，andwoodenboxmatching”，指物，空處作among的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。4．(2024·山東泰安二模)Mostofthecentersareincountriesandregions____________arehometoalargenumberofpeopleofChinesedescent，includingsomeEuropeannations，SoutheastAsiaandtheUnitedStates.答案that/which解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，先行詞是countriesandregions，指物，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。5．(2024·廣東佛山二模)Itnotonlyoffersawayforyoungpeopletointeractwithacityinameaningfulwaybutalsoprovidesthemwithanewsocialscene____________individualswithsimilarinterestscanconnectandformfriendship.答案where解析考查定語從句。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞anewsocialscene，先行詞指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。6．(2024·安徽合肥二模)Theopportunitycamein2008，____________Chinalaunchedanationalprogramforglobaltoptalent.答案when解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞2008，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語，需用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when。7．(2024·江西南昌二模)Visitors____________prefertraditionallanternscanfindlanternswithflowersandbirds，legendaryfigures，andlandscapes，whilelanternswithmodernthemessuchascartooncharacters，culturaltrendsandonlinegamesaregainingpopularityamongyoungpeople.答案who/that解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Visitors，指人，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)從句。故填who/that。8．(2024·湖北襄陽三模)Theauthoritieshavedevelopedagrazingstrategy____________aimistogreatlyreducethegrazingpressureonthepark.答案whose解析考查定語從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞strategy，strategy和aim之間是所屬關(guān)系，因此空格處用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，故填whose。如何判斷名詞性從句的連接詞典例剖析eq\x(答案1.what2.what3.why)技法歸納即時(shí)演練1．(2024·江蘇南通二模)Tancouldn’tforget__________impressedhewaswhenhefirstsawanutcarving.答案how解析考查賓語從句。句意：譚無法忘記他第一次看到核雕時(shí)有多么印象深刻?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作狀語，表示“多么”，修飾impressed應(yīng)用how。故填how。2．(2024·浙江臺(tái)州二模)ThefirstfailuretaughtTang____________theyneeded：findingwaystoreduceproductioncosts.答案what解析考查賓語從句。空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，且意為“……的事物”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。3．(2024·河北衡水模擬)AftercapturingXuProvince，CaoCaoencounteredGuanYu.GuanYu’ssurrender(投降)toCaoCao，underthecondition____________hewouldleaveoncehelearnedofLiuBei’swhereabouts，presentedauniquechallenge.答案that解析考查同位語從句。condition后接同位語從句，從句句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)用只起連接作用而無實(shí)義的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。4．(2024·河南鄭州三模)Thinkingofthefirst3digits(數(shù)字)ofpi(3.14)，youcanquicklyworkout____________March14waschosenasthedateforPiDay.答案why解析考查賓語從句。workout后接賓語從句，連接詞在從句中作狀語，表示“為什么”，應(yīng)用why。故填why。5．(2024·四川成都三模)“ThemismatchbetweentheDNA-basedforecastandBeethoven’smusicalgeniusprovidesavaluableteachingmomentbecauseitdemonstratesthatDNAtestscannotgiveusafinalanswerabout____________agivenchildwillendupbeingmusicallygifted，”saidMsHenechowicz.答案whether解析考查賓語從句。空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中不缺少成分，結(jié)合句意可知空處表示“是否”，應(yīng)用連接代詞whether。故填whether。6．(2024·福建廈門模擬)____________makestheschooluniqueisthattheinsidesaredecoratedwithrecycledthingsandsecond-handfurniture.Andeveryoldobjecthasaspecialstory.答案What解析考查主語從句。空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句缺少主語，結(jié)合句意可知空處指“……的事物”，應(yīng)用連接代詞what，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填What。如何判斷狀語從句的連接詞典例剖析eq\x(答案1.Although/Though/While2.When/As3.that)技法歸納

即時(shí)演練1．(2024·山東日照三模)JilisilkisatypeofsilkproducedinJiliVillage，HuzhouCity，ZhejiangProvince.JiliVillagehasproducedsilk________thevillagewasestablishedinthelateYuanDynasty.答案since解析考查時(shí)間狀語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空