廣西壯族自治區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣西壯族自治區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASilentBookClubisaglobalcommunityofreaders.SBCmembersgatherinpublicatbars,cafes,bookstores,libraries,andonlinetoreadtogether.AtSilentBookClub,therearenoassignedreadingmaterials.Everyoneiswelcome,andweencourageeveryonetojoinorlaunchachapterallovertheworld.Allyouneedisafriend,acomfortablepublicsetting,andabook.DeerfieldBeach,Florida,USAWantaspaceawayfromeverydaylifewhereyoucanescapeintoabook?SilentBookClubinDeerfieldBeachisawelcomingspacewherebookloversofallkindscancometogethertoreadandrelax.Weproudlypartnerwithlocalbusinesses,creatingopportunitiesforreaderstodiscoverthebestthatourcommunityhastoofferwhilesupportingsmallandindependententerprises.JoinusonFacebooktofindoutmoreaboutourmeetups.Newberry,SouthCarolina,USATheNewberryCountySilentBookClubchapterwillbeasafe,enjoyablespacewherebookenthusiastscancometogether.Weencouragemultipleagestoattendandallreadingmaterialsarewelcome.Webelieveinthepowerofreadingandtheselfcareofbeinginsilence.Wewanttobeabletocreateaspacewhereyouareabletojustgetlostinyourreading.JoinusonFacebookfordetailsaboutupcomingmeetups.Fairport,NewYork,USAWewelcomeallreaderstomeetonceamonth!Wewillbrieflyintroduceourselvesandwhatwearereadingandthenreadinsilencefor45minutes.Allagesarewelcomebutchildrenmustbetogetherwithanadult.Pleaserememberwewillbereadinginsilencefor45minutes.FollowusonInstagramfordetailsaboutupcomingmeetups.Dover,NewHampshire,USADover,NHchapterofSilentBookClubisopentoallreadersregardlessofbookformatorgenreofstory.Bringyourromance,sci-fi,non-fic,comicbooks;they’reallgreat!We’llopenthegatheringswithafew(optional)minutesofsharingwhatyou’rereading,thenorderadrinkorasnackandspendtherestofthetimereading.FollowusonInstagramformoreinformationaboutourmeetups.1.WhatcanweknowaboutSilentBookClub?A.Membershavetoquitatanadvancedage. B.Itadvocatestheestablishmentofchapters.C.Readingmaterialsarespecifiedbeforehand. D.ItisareadingcommunityconfinedtotheUSA.2.WhatisspecialaboutFairport,NewYork,USA?A.Kidsshouldbeaccompaniedbyagrown-up.B.Allreadersmeetuponlineonamonthlybasis.C.Itcangetfinancialsupportfromlocalgovernments.D.Theyhavea45-minutesintroductiontoourreadings.3.Whatdothesefourclubshaveincommon?A.Freelyprovideddishesforkids. B.Regularlypaidmembershipfees.C.Onlineaccesstorelevantinformation. D.Theircooperationwithlocalbusinesses.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了全球讀者社區(qū)“無聲讀書俱樂部”，以及其在美國不同地區(qū)的四個(gè)分會的相關(guān)信息，包括活動特點(diǎn)、參與要求和獲取活動詳情的方式等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Everyoneiswelcome,andweencourageeveryonetojoinorestablishachapter(分會)allovertheworld.(歡迎大家，我們鼓勵(lì)大家加入或在世界各地建立分會)”可知，SilentBookClub倡導(dǎo)建立分會。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fairport,NewYork,USA部分中“Allagesarewelcomebutchildrenmustbetogetherwithanadult.(所有年齡的人都可以參加，但兒童必須由成人陪同)”可知，特別之處在于小孩應(yīng)該有大人陪同。故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DeerfieldBeach,Florida,USA部分中“JoinusonFacebooktofindoutmoreaboutourmeetups.(在Facebook上加入我們，了解更多關(guān)于我們聚會的信息)”；根據(jù)Newberry,SouthCarolina,USA部分中“JoinusonFacebookfordetailsaboutupcomingmeetups.(在Facebook上加入我們，了解即將到來的聚會的細(xì)節(jié))”；根據(jù)Fairport,NewYork,USA部分中“FollowusonFacebookfordetailsaboutupcomingmeetups.(在Facebook上關(guān)注我們，了解即將到來的聚會的細(xì)節(jié))”以及Dover,NewHampshire,USA部分中“FollowusonFacebookformoreinformationaboutourmeetups.(在Facebook上關(guān)注我們，了解更多關(guān)于我們聚會的信息)”可知，這四個(gè)俱樂部的共同之處是相關(guān)信息可在網(wǎng)上獲取。故選C。BOneofmyearliestmemoriesisofmyfathersittingmedownatourkitchentablewithcanvases,paints,andbrushes.Hetaughtmehowtoblendcolorsandusedifferentmaterialslikeacrylicpaintsandwatercolors.Wheneverwefeltinspired,wesetoutallourmaterialsandpaintedwhatourheartsdesired.MyfathergrewupinasmallvillageintheDominicanRepublic.Despitenothavingmanymaterialsavailable,hecreatedartwithwhateverhehad.Myfathersavedhismoneytobuypaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforefinishinghighschoolinNewYorkwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedveryhard.Eventually,myfatherwasabletoobtainhiscitizenship.AsIgotolder,hecontinuedtogivemelessons,teachingmedifferentbrushstrokesandhowtotakecareofmyartsupplies.Hetaughtmetofindbeautyineverythingandeveryonearoundme.Igrewtolovedrawingpeople,asIcouldhighlightthephysicalfeaturesthatmakeeveryoneuniqueandbeautiful.Itwasn’tuntilIbeganlookingcarefullyintomyfather’spaintingsandtheworkofpopularartistsonInstagramthatIstartedtobemorecriticalofmywork.IstartedtoworrythatIcouldneverliveuptomyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsfellflatcomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Goingthroughmysketchbooksandportfolios,Ifoundfaultinallmydrawings.IstartedtobelieveIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofworkingtowardimproving,Igaveupandstoppeddrawing.Ididn’ttalkaboutmydecisiontoanyone,especiallymyfather.Ididn’twanttolethimdown.HehadnoticedthatIhadbeendrawingandpaintinglessandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasakid.”Myfather’sbraveryandstrengtharethingsthatIaspiretohave.HetoldmehisstoryalotandInevergottiredofhearingit.Sooverthenextfewmonths,Iworkedonmyportfolio.Lookingbackatmypictures,IcanseehowmuchIhaveimprovedsincethen.TheschoolmusthaveseenpotentialinmydrawingsbecauseIgotin!Itwaseye-openingtoattendacollegethatspecializesinthearts.Ibranchedoutfrompainting.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandmytalent.Ihavebecomemoreopenaboutsharingmyartworksandreceivingconstructivecriticism,whichraisesmyself-esteemaboutmyart.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sfather?A.He’squick-minded. B.He’skind-hearted.C.He’sstrong-willed. D.He’siron-fisted.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“fellflat”inparagraph4mean?A.Lackedvisualappeal. B.Outshoneotherworks.C.Hadcomplexstructure. D.Lookedincrediblyrealistic.6.Howdidtheauthorimprovethedrawings?A.Byhavingbraveryandstrength. B.Bypreparingforattentively.C.Bygettingguidancefromschool. D.Byshowingpotentialinthedrawings.7.Whichbestcapturestheauthor’sreflectionexpressedinthelastparagraph?A.Artisaboutfollowingestablishedrules.B.Talentguaranteesadmissiontoartprograms.C.Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.D.Progresscanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在父親的影響下學(xué)習(xí)繪畫，并在父親的鼓勵(lì)下克服自我懷疑，最終進(jìn)入藝術(shù)學(xué)院并提升自信的故事。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Despitenothavingmanymaterialsavailable,hecreatedartwithwhateverhehad.Myfathersavedhismoneytobuypaintsandcoloredpencilstosketchonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforefinishinghighschoolinNewYorkwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedveryhard.Eventually,myfatherwasabletoobtainhiscitizenship.(盡管沒有太多材料，他用現(xiàn)有的東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。父親攢錢買顏料和彩色鉛筆，在家周圍的墻上畫畫。15歲時(shí)，他獨(dú)自來到美國，先在佛羅里達(dá)和姨媽住了一段時(shí)間，然后在紐約和另一位姨媽一起讀完高中。他非常努力學(xué)習(xí)，最終獲得了公民身份)”可知，作者的父親是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人。故選C。【5題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“IstartedtoworrythatIcouldneverliveuptomyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsfellflatcomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Goingthroughmysketchbooksandportfolios,Ifoundfaultinallmydrawings.(與我開始擔(dān)心我可能永遠(yuǎn)趕不上父親的才華。與他的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義風(fēng)景畫相比，我簡單的二維畫顯得fellflat。翻閱我的速寫本和作品集，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我所有的畫都有問題。）可知,作者擔(dān)心可能永遠(yuǎn)趕不上父親的才華，且發(fā)現(xiàn)自己所有的畫都有問題。所以舉得自己的畫缺乏視覺吸引力。故“fellflat”意為缺乏視覺吸引力。故選A。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Sooverthenextfewmonths,Iworkedonmyportfolio.Lookingbackatmypictures,IcanseehowmuchIhaveimprovedsincethen.(于是在接下來的幾個(gè)月里，我努力準(zhǔn)備作品集?；仡櫸业漠嬜鳎野l(fā)現(xiàn)我進(jìn)步了很多)”可知，作者通過認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備提高了繪畫水平。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itwaseye-openingtoattendacollegethatspecializesinthearts.Ibranchedoutfrompainting.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandmytalent.Ihavebecomemoreopenaboutsharingmyartworksandreceivingconstructivecriticism,whichraisesmyself-esteemaboutmyart.(進(jìn)入藝術(shù)學(xué)院讓我大開眼界。我從繪畫擴(kuò)展到其他領(lǐng)域，學(xué)會了擁抱自己的個(gè)性和才能。我更加開放地分享作品并接受建設(shè)性批評，這提升了我的藝術(shù)自信)”可知，作者學(xué)會了接納自己的個(gè)性和才華，變得更加自信，這說明自信來自接受自己的不完美。故選C。CIn2019,themultimillionaireandexplorerVictorVescovomadeheadlineswhenhebecamethefirstpersontovisitthedeepestpartsofallfiveofEarth’soceans.ButarguablytherealstaroftheexpeditionwasmarinegeologistCassieBongiovanni,theleadoceanmapperwhoensuredVescovopilotedhissubmersibletotheactualdeepestdepths.Today,only25percentoftheseaflooriswellmapped.“Traditionally,captainsnevercaredabouttheseaflooraslongasitstayedfarenoughawayfromthehullsoftheirships,”journalistLauraTretheweywritesinTheDeepestMap.Thebookexploreshumankind’squesttomaptheseafloor,framedaroundBongiovanni’sadventures.Seafloortopographyhasbeenabigconcernforcompaniesfacilitatingintercontinentalcommunicationviasubseacables.Inrecentdecades,seafloordatahavebecomecrucialtothedeep-seaminingindustriessearchingformetalsneededtoproducegreentechnology.SatelliteshaverevealedmanyoftheknobsandcracksvisibleinthedeepblueofGoogleMaps.Butwiththatrelativelycoarseinformation,entiremountainscanbemissed.Toseetheseafloorinhighresolutionrequiresasophisticatedsonarsystemaboardabigshipthatsendssoundsignalsfromtheseasurfaceintotheabyss(深淵)。MapperslikeBongiovannicalculatedepthfromthetimeittakesforthesignaltotraveldownandbouncebacktothesurface.Thesestate-of-the-artsonarsystemstransformthesatellite-predictedblurintoasharpthree-dimensionalterrainofripples,cracksandtearsintheseafloor.“Theseaflooris‘heard’,ratherthanseen,”Tretheweywrites.Trethewey’sinsightfulwritinghelpsreadersunderstandjustwhymappingtheocean—eveninshallowcoastalwaters—iscrucialtosomanyendeavors.Trethewey’sbookisaboutmorethanjustmappingtheoceans.It’salsoaboutwhatcangowrongwhenexplorersexplore.It’shardtoreadTheDeepestMapwithoutbeingremindedoftherecentinnerexplosionoftheTitansubmersible(能潛水的)intheNorthAtlanticthatkilledeveryoneonboardinJune,2023.Shealsoremindsushoweasilyexplorationcanturnintoexploitation.Inthenot-so-distantpast,Europeans“discovered”theso-calledNewWorldandmappedit,Tretheweywrites.Exploitationfollowed.Scientistsandenvironmentalistsalikearenowconcernedthatafull,detailedmapoftheoceanfloormightleadtothedestructionofdelicate,mostlyunknownhabitatsifdeep-seaminersareallowedtoextractmetals.8.Whatdothefirstthreeparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Thewritingbackgroundofthebook. B.Theachievementofthegeologist.C.Theproductionofgreentechnology. D.Thesignificanceofmappingseafloor.9.Howdothemappersfigureoutthedepthoftheseafloor?A.Theydirectlymeasurethedepth.B.Theycountthetimeofthesignaltotravel.C.Theyanalyzethesoundwavesfromthesonarsystem.D.Theytakeacloselookatthepicturestakenbythesatellite.10.Whydoestheauthormentiontheaccidentin2023?A.Topresentthevalueofthebook. B.Toremindthereadersofthepastnews.C.Toshowthebadeffectofhumanactivities. D.Torecommendthereaderstoreadthebook.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sadisastertomapthefloor. B.It’seasytoexplorethedeepsea.C.Seaminerscanmakeafortuneinthefuture. D.Scientistsarecautiousaboutchartingtheocean.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了海洋地質(zhì)學(xué)家CassieBongiovanni在海底測繪中的貢獻(xiàn)，以及海底測繪對跨大陸通信、深海采礦等行業(yè)的重要性。文章還探討了詳細(xì)的海底地圖可能帶來的環(huán)境問題?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第1-3段“In2019,themultimillionaireandexplorerVictorVescovomadeheadlineswhenhebecamethefirstpersontovisitthedeepestpartsofallfiveofEarth’soceans.ButarguablytherealstaroftheexpeditionwasmarinegeologistCassieBongiovanni,theleadoceanmapperwhoensuredVescovopilotedhissubmersibletotheactualdeepestdepths.(2019年，百萬富翁兼探險(xiǎn)家VictorVescovo成為第一個(gè)訪問地球五大洋最深部分的人，成為頭條新聞。但可以說，這次探險(xiǎn)的真正明星是海洋地質(zhì)學(xué)家CassieBongiovanni，她是首席海洋測繪員，確保Vescovo駕駛潛水器到達(dá)實(shí)際的最深處)”和“Today,only25percentoftheseaflooriswellmapped.(如今，只有25%的海底被很好地測繪)”以及“Seafloortopographyhasbeenabigconcernforcompaniesfacilitatingintercontinentalcommunicationviasubseacables.Inrecentdecades,seafloordatahavebecomecrucialtothedeep-seaminingindustriessearchingformetalsneededtoproducegreentechnology.(海底地形一直是公司通過海底電纜促進(jìn)洲際通信的一個(gè)大問題。近幾十年來，海底數(shù)據(jù)對尋找生產(chǎn)綠色技術(shù)所需金屬的深海采礦業(yè)至關(guān)重要)”可知，前三段主要討論了海底測繪的重要性。故選D。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“MapperslikeBongiovannicalculatedepthfromthetimeittakesforthesignaltotraveldownandbouncebacktothesurface.(像Bongiovanni這樣的測繪員通過計(jì)算信號從海底反射回表面所需的時(shí)間來計(jì)算深度)”可知，測繪員通過計(jì)算信號往返時(shí)間來確定海底深度。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“It’shardtoreadTheDeepestMapwithoutbeingremindedoftherecentinnerexplosionoftheTitansubmersibleintheNorthAtlanticthatkilledeveryoneonboardinJune,2023.(很難在閱讀《最深的地圖》時(shí)不讓人想起2023年6月發(fā)生在北大西洋的泰坦?jié)撍鲀?nèi)爆事故，那次事故導(dǎo)致船上所有人喪生)”可知，作者通過2023年泰坦號潛水器事故的例子，說明書中內(nèi)容與現(xiàn)實(shí)問題的關(guān)聯(lián)，以此凸顯書的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和價(jià)值。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Scientistsandenvironmentalistsalikearenowconcernedthatafull,detailedmapoftheoceanfloormightleadtothedestructionofdelicate,mostlyunknownhabitatsifdeep-seaminersareallowedtoextractmetals.(科學(xué)家和環(huán)保人士都擔(dān)心，如果允許深海礦工開采金屬，完整詳細(xì)的海底地圖可能會導(dǎo)致脆弱的、大多未知的棲息地遭到破壞)”可知，科學(xué)家對繪制海洋地圖持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選D。DBirdersmigrateannuallybythethousandstotheIainNicolsonAudubonCenteratRoweSanctuaryinKearneyortheCraneTrustoutsideofGrandIsland,Nebraska.Butthispreciousstopoversitehascomeunderthreat,likeothergrasslandsaroundtheworld,fromanumberoffactorsincludingagricultureandinvasiveplantspecies.Topreserveit,conservationistsarerevivinganancientbutlong-suppressedlandmanagementmethod:controlledburns.Alsoknownas“prescribedburns”or“culturalfires”,theseintentionallystarted,controlledfireshavereceivedgrowingattentioninrecentyears,asawaytocleardryundergrowththatcanbuildupandfuelhugewildfires.One2024reviewsuggeststhatprescribedburningcanreducetheseverityofwildfiresbetween62%and72%relativetountreatedareas.However,theideaofprescribedburnsisnotnew.Indigenouscommunitieslongused“culturalfires”toremoveoldgrassandsupportnewgrowth.Inaddition,controlledfiresmayalsohelpcreateahealthyecosystemforcranesandotherspeciesbycreatingopenhabitats.“Grasslandsareoneofthemostendangeredecosystemsglobally,withresearchshowinga60%decreaseingrasslandbiodiversitysincethe1970s,”saysAmandaHefner,aneducationmanageratasanctuary.“Sothebestwaywecanmakesurethatthegrasslandsstaygrasslands,isbymakingsurethatwe’reusingtoolstokeepitinthathabitat—toolslikeprescribedfires.Thisallowsfor‘nutrientcycling’,”addsHefner.Wildfiresareoftenhighlyintenseburnsthatstrip(去除)thelandofnutrients,whilelowintensity,prescribedburnscanclearfuel,leavingnitrogen,mineralsfoundinash,andpartiallyburned,decomposingbiologicalmaterial,increasingnutrientsinthesoilsoonafteraburn.Withthelitterbeingcleared,thereisnowroomfornew,morenutritionalgrowth.Prescribedburnsinvolveplanningspecificpatchestosetonfire.Thosepatchesmightbenearfirebreaks,likearoad,orburnspecialistsmightmowbreaksaroundtheburnarea,whichremoveslitteranddrygrassesthatcouldhelpafirespread.Theywillalsosprayitwithwatertokeepthefirefromspreadingtothebreak.Theymusttakeintoconsiderationthingslikehumidity,winddirectionandwheretheywantthefiretobepushedbythatwind.Ifthey’vecutoutaU-shape,forexample,theymovethefireforwarduntilthesectioniscompletelyburned.Theteamworkstogethertokeepitundercontrol.Patchesareusuallyrelativelysmall,andtimingdependsonthelasttimetheywereburned,whethergrazinganimalsarewillingtoeatthere,whichinvasivespeciesaretakingoverandhowtheareaisbeingusedbywildlife.12.Whyareconservationistsrevivingcontrolledburns?A.Tohelpbirdersmigrateannually. B.Topreservediversityinnature.C.Todevelopregionalagriculture. D.Tostopthestopoversitefromthreat.13.Whatdoesthe2024reviewindicate?A.Prescribedburningcauseshugewildfires.B.Culturalfiresarewidelyusedinmodernagriculture.C.Prescribedburnslargelydeclinetheseriousnessofwildfires.D.Controlledfirescreateopenhabitatssuitableforcertainspecies.14.Howdoprescribedfiresbenefitgrasslands?A.Theybreakdownbiologicalmaterials. B.Theyeliminatethepotentialofwildfires.C.Theysavetheendangeredglobalecosystems. D.Theymakenutrientsrecycledinthegrasslands.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ControlledBurnsHelpWildlife. B.ControlledBurnsOutshineWildfires.C.ControlledBurnsBoostAgriculture. D.ControlledBurnsReviveGrasslands.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了保護(hù)主義者通過復(fù)興古老的土地管理方法——控制性燃燒，來保護(hù)瀕危的草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并減少野火的嚴(yán)重性。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butthispreciousstopoversitehascomeunderthreat,likeothergrasslandsaroundtheworld,fromanumberoffactorsincludingagricultureandinvasiveplantspecies.Topreserveit,conservationistsarerevivinganancientbutlong-suppressedlandmanagementmethod:controlledburns.(但這個(gè)珍貴的中轉(zhuǎn)站正面臨威脅，就像世界各地的其他草原一樣，受到農(nóng)業(yè)和入侵植物物種等多種因素的影響。為了保護(hù)它，保護(hù)主義者正在復(fù)興一種古老但長期被壓制的土地管理方法：控制性燃燒)”可知，保護(hù)主義者復(fù)興控制性燃燒是為了保護(hù)中轉(zhuǎn)站免受威脅。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“One2024reviewsuggeststhatprescribedburningcanreducetheseverityofwildfiresbetween62%and72%relativetountreatedareas.(2024年的一項(xiàng)研究表明，相對于未處理的地區(qū)，規(guī)定燃燒可以將野火的嚴(yán)重性降低62%到72%)”可知，控制燃燒可以顯著降低野火的嚴(yán)重性。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisallowsfor‘nutrientcycling’,”addsHefner.Wildfiresareoftenhighlyintenseburnsthatstrip(去除)thelandofnutrients,whilelowintensity,prescribedburnscanclearfuel,leavingnitrogen,mineralsfoundinash,andpartiallyburned,decomposingbiologicalmaterial,increasingnutrientsinthesoilsoonafteraburn.(“這允許‘養(yǎng)分循環(huán)’，”赫夫納補(bǔ)充道。野火通常是高度強(qiáng)烈的燃燒，剝奪了土地的養(yǎng)分，而低強(qiáng)度的規(guī)定燃燒可以清除燃料，留下氮、灰燼中的礦物質(zhì)和部分燃燒、分解的生物材料，在燃燒后不久增加土壤中的養(yǎng)分)”可知，規(guī)定燃燒有助于草原中的養(yǎng)分循環(huán)。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Butthispreciousstopoversitehascomeunderthreat,likeothergrasslandsaroundtheworld,fromanumberoffactorsincludingagricultureandinvasiveplantspecies.Topreserveit,conservationistsarerevivinganancientbutlong-suppressedlandmanagementmethod:controlledburns.(但是，像世界上其他草原一樣，這一珍貴的中轉(zhuǎn)站也受到了包括農(nóng)業(yè)和入侵植物物種在內(nèi)的許多因素的威脅。為了保護(hù)它，自然資源保護(hù)主義者正在恢復(fù)一種古老但長期被壓制的土地管理方法：控制燃燒)”可知，主要講述了保護(hù)主義者通過復(fù)興古老的土地管理方法——控制性燃燒，來保護(hù)瀕危的草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并減少野火的嚴(yán)重性。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“控制性燃燒幫助恢復(fù)草原”。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MakeyouronlinelifebetterBeingonlineis“essential”.ResearchersagreethatsomeonlineexperiencescanbenefitevenyoungmembersofGenerationZ.Butstudieshavealsolinkedtimespentonlinewithnotgettingenoughsleep,plusmentalhealthissues.___16___Beactiveinsteadofpassive.Choosewhatyoudoandview.Chatovervideowithfriendsorfamily.Writeorcommentonposts.Createworksofart.Youcanhavereallymeaningful,supportiveconversationswithfriends.Hecontraststhiswith“passive”screentime—“sittingthereandscrollingcontinuously,withoutactuallyinteractingwithanybody”.Thatcansometimesbeadowner.Thinkaboutwhatmakesyoufeelgoodandwhatdoesn’t.Startbybeinghonestwithyourselfaboutwhenyourtechusemakesyoufeelgood.Butsomepeople’spostsmightmakeyoufeelangryoranxious.Oryoumightenjoysomekindsofvideosbutfeelinadequateasyouwatchothers.___17___Thenavoidthenegativeones.___18___You’dbetternotpostInstagrampicturesofussittingathomebored.Neitherwouldyourfriends!Likeyou,theyhavehomework,schoolandothernot-so-funresponsibilities.Theydon’tusuallylookpicture-perfect.Someteens,however,spendanincredibleamountoftimemakingsurewhattheypostisperfect.Withoutthatrealitycheck,youmayfeelleftoutorjealouswhenyouseefunpartyscenesorglamorousposts.Chancesareyourfriendsfeelthesameway,sotalkaboutitwiththem.Protectyourprivacy.___19___There’satendencytoovershareeverydetailofyourlife.Sharingdetailsaboutyourselfonlinemayleaveyouvulnerabletoscammers.Somestrangersonlinemayendangeryoueitheryourpersonalsafetyoryourwallet.Setlimitsandaskotherstorespectthem.Thereissomuchthatcanbegreatabouttech,butmakesureyourtechisn’ttakingoveryourlife.Forstarters,youneedyoursleepandscreentimecanmesswiththat.___20___Setlimitswithfriends,too.Tellthemyouwanttolimitscreentimeduringhomework,beforebedtimeoratmealtimes.Letthemknownottoexpectyoutorespondtotextsorcallsrightaway.A.Figureoutwhatthosethingsare.B.Berealisticaboutwhatyouseeonline.C.Goodpostsmakeyoufeelconnectedwiththem.D.Thequalityofyoursleephasalottodowithyourscreentime.E.Gettingphonesoutofthebedroomisreallygoodforteenagers.F.Photos,videosandotherpostsbecomepartofyourdigitalfootprint.G.So,howcanyougetthemostfromyourscreentimewhilemanagingtherisks?【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.F20.E【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何改善上網(wǎng)體驗(yàn)提出了一些建議?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“ResearchersagreethatsomeonlineexperiencescanbenefitevenyoungmembersofGenerationZ.Butstudieshavealsolinkedtimespentonlinewithnotgettingenoughsleep,plusmentalhealthissues.(研究人員一致認(rèn)為，一些上網(wǎng)體驗(yàn)甚至可以使年輕的Z世代受益。但研究也將上網(wǎng)時(shí)間與睡眠不足以及心理健康問題聯(lián)系起來)”可知，上文提到上網(wǎng)時(shí)間導(dǎo)致睡眠不足和心理健康問題，結(jié)合后文提出了一些上網(wǎng)的建議，故G選項(xiàng)“那么，如何在控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的同時(shí)最大限度地利用屏幕時(shí)間呢？”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Startbybeinghonestwithyourselfaboutwhenyourtechusemakesyoufeelgood.Butsomepeople’spostsmightmakeyoufeelangryoranxious.Oryoumightenjoysomekindsofvideosbutfeelinadequateasyouwatchothers.(首先要誠實(shí)地面對自己，什么時(shí)候使用科技產(chǎn)品會讓你感覺良好。但有些人的帖子可能會讓你感到憤怒或焦慮?；蛘吣憧赡芟矚g某些類型的視頻，但在觀看其他視頻時(shí)感到不足)”以及后文“Thenavoidthenegativeones.(然后避免消極的)”可知，上文提到要誠實(shí)地面對自己，即建議搞清楚讓自己感到不高興的事物，從而避免消極的部分。故A選項(xiàng)“弄清楚那些事物是什么”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“You’dbetternotpostInstagrampicturesofussittingathomebored.Neitherwouldyourfriends!Likeyou,theyhavehomework,schoolandothernot-so-funresponsibilities.Theydon’tusuallylookpicture-perfect.Someteens,however,spendanincredibleamountoftimemakingsurewhattheypostisperfect.Withoutthatrealitycheck,youmayfeelleftoutorjealouswhenyouseefunpartyscenesorglamorousposts.Chancesareyourfriendsfeelthesameway,sotalkaboutitwiththem.(你最好別在Instagram上發(fā)我們坐在家里無聊的照片。你的朋友也不會！和你一樣，他們也有家庭作業(yè)、學(xué)習(xí)和其他不那么有趣的責(zé)任。他們通?？雌饋聿⒉煌昝?。然而，有些青少年花了大量的時(shí)間來確保他們發(fā)布的內(nèi)容是完美的。如果沒有現(xiàn)實(shí)檢查，當(dāng)你看到有趣的派對場景或迷人的帖子時(shí)，你可能會感到被冷落或嫉妒。很可能你的朋友也有同樣的感覺，所以和他們談?wù)?”可知，本段提到朋友也有家庭作業(yè)、學(xué)習(xí)和其他不那么有趣的責(zé)任，說明別人也有現(xiàn)實(shí)的問題要處理，即建議現(xiàn)實(shí)看待網(wǎng)上的東西。故B選項(xiàng)“對你在網(wǎng)上看到的東西要現(xiàn)實(shí)一點(diǎn)”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“There’satendencytoovershareeverydetailofyourlife.Sharingdetailsaboutyourselfonlinemayleaveyouvulnerabletoscammers.Somestrangersonlinemayendangeryoueitheryourpersonalsafetyoryourwallet.(人們傾向于過度分享生活中的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。在網(wǎng)上分享自己的細(xì)節(jié)可能會讓你容易受到騙子的攻擊。網(wǎng)上一些陌生人可能會危及你的人身安全或你的錢包)”可知，后文主要說明了要注意保護(hù)網(wǎng)上的信息，本句具體論述網(wǎng)上可能會泄露隱私的一些事物。故F選項(xiàng)“照片、視頻和其他帖子成為你數(shù)字足跡的一部分?！狈险Z境，故選F。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thereissomuchthatcanbegreatabouttech,butmakesureyourtechisn’ttakingoveryourlife.Forstarters,youneedyoursleepandscreentimecanmesswiththat.(科技有很多很棒的地方，但要確保你的科技沒有占據(jù)你的生活。首先，你需要睡眠，看屏幕的時(shí)間會擾亂你的睡眠)”可知，上文提到屏幕時(shí)間會擾亂睡眠，推測本句是在建議避免屏幕對睡眠造成影響的方法。故E選項(xiàng)“把手機(jī)從臥室拿出來對青少年有好處”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Alightbreezecaressingthecornfieldmakesitlooklikeagentleswayingseaofgoldunderthegingersunoflatesummer.IrememberthejoyofthedaywhenI___21___oneofmyfirstdifficultmatrix（矩陣）problemsatmyparents’houseinthecountryside.Ifeltso___22___thatIranoutsideandintothecornfield.AsIwaspassingrowafterrowofstemsthat___23___overme,Irealizedthecornfieldwasactuallyagiantmatrix.Suddenly,mathematicsappearedtomeasa3Dlivemapwherearraysofamazingideasconnecteachotherbysteadyflowsofsheer___24___.Suddenlyaloudlaughterfromthenextroomwakesmeupfrommy___25___.IambackinmyroominthedormitorywhereIhavelivedsinceIwas15.Thedimsunsetbarelylightensupmyroom.Myroommateshavenotreturnedyet,andIfeelaloneand___26___.Inmomentssuchasthese,Ialwaystakeouttheultimate___27___againstgloominess:apictureofmyfamily.Ilookatmyself,myparents,mylittlesisterandmygrandfatherinthecountryside,underaclearbluesky,hugging,___28___thejoyofbeingtogether.It___29___meoftheoldtimesandwhyIcametoBucharesttoliveinadormitory.Itwasbecausemathematics____30____mewithitsbeautifulandcomplextheories,andmyparentssupportedme150percent.They____31____longhoursatworktopayforschoolcostsand____32____acceptedmylongabsences.Idecidedthentohonortheirsupport,followourcommondream,andbecomeamathematician.Finally,aftercountlessfierceselectionprograms,I____33____towinagoldmedalattheInternationalMathematicalOlympiad,alongwith____34____whatiscalled“anace”.Math,forme,isavastmapofknowledgewheretheoriesintersecteachotherlikepathwaysinacornfield,andthatexplainsthe____35____ofnatureandtheuniverseitself.However,nomatterwhatmathematicalsphereIshallgoto,IwillalwayshavemyfamilywithmeandthejoyofthatdaywhenIwasrunningfreelyinthecornfield.21.A.solved B.encountered C.learned D.abandoned22.A.confused B.stressed C.thrilled D.relieved23.A.tower B.match C.rule D.inspire24.A.research B.passion C.confidence D.wisdom25.A.ideas B.thoughts C.problems D.ambitions26.A.awake B.isolated C.quiet D.scared27.A.chance B.assistant C.photo D.weapon28.A.showing B.engaging C.sharing D.leaving29.A.informs B.reminds C.convinces D.warns30.A.fascinated B.blocked C.faced D.shaped31.A.tookup B.drewon C.put