2024年山東省德州市中考英語真題

2024年山東省德州市中考英語真題

一、閱讀理解(★★★)StudyTourProgrammesJune7,202417:14Foundedin1911,HeshanUniversity(HSU)hasahistoryof113years.ThankstoitsidealgeographicallocationonthebanksoftheYellowRiver,HSUhasbeenabletoofferexcellentstudytourprogrammessince2000.HSUhasthreestudytourprogrammesonChineseLanguage&Culture,QiluFolkCustomsandTraditionalChineseArt.Amongthem,theChineseLanguage&Culturestudytourprogrammewasthefirstofficiallyputintopracticein2000,fouryearsbeforetheothertwoprogrammes.Itservesstudentsfromallovertheworld,andespeciallyshowstheChineseculturetoforeignstudents.Hereistheinformationaboutthisprogramme.ChineseLanguage&CultureStudyTourProgrammeWhocanjoinGroupof10ormorestudentsover14yearsoldWhatdoweofferMindthetimetablebelow.Don’tmissthecourses.

CoursesTopicsTimeContent1ChineselanguageMonday

（8:00—20:00）?dailyusingChineseincludinggreetings,family,shopping,foodanddrink,etc.2Confucius’sthoughtsTuesday

（8:00—16:00）?Confuciancultureandhistoricalbackground3landscape(景觀)designThursday

（9:00—18:00）?basicsaboutlandscapedesign

?enjoyingtheChinesegardenscenery4ChinesecookingFriday

（9:00—12:00）?makingdumplings5TaiChiSaturday

（6:00—7:30）?TaiChipractice6teacultureSaturday

（7:30—12:00）?historicalrenewofChineseteaculture?teaart7tourtothepeony(牡丹)gallerySunday

（14:00—16:00）?peonyplantation

?peonypaintings8educationalideasofConfuciusSunday

（16:00—18:00）?educationstoriesofConfucius

?Confucius’sthoughtsoneducationNotesDuringthestay,you’renotallowedtogoaroundtheuniversityexceptweekends.Howtojoin1.Fillouttheonlineapplicationformhttp://www.hsu.studytour.cn/2.PrepareacopyoftheIDcardorpassport.3.Emailtheapplicationformandthecopytohsustudyour@163.com.MoreinformationTel:87662528,AllanWangWebsite:http://www.hsu.edu.cn/1.HowlonghasHSUofferedstudytourprogrammes?

A．For113years.B．For24years.C．For20years.D．For4years.2.Whichgroupcanjoinintheprogramme?

A．5studentsfromallovertheworld.B．8foreignstudents.C．11studentsaged16.D．20Chinesestudentsaged9.3.InwhichcoursescanConfucius’sthoughtsbelearned?

A．Course1andCourse8.B．Course2andCourse5.C．Course1andCourse6.D．Course2andCourse8.4.Whencangroupsfortheprogrammegoaroundtheuniversity?

A．OnWednesdaymorning.B．OnThursdaymorning.C．OnSaturdayafternoon.D．OnSundayafternoon.5.Howshouldstudentsknowthecostoftheprogramme?

A．Finditoutintheform.B．Searchathttp://www.hsu.studytour.cn/.C．Emailtohsu.studytour@163.com.D．Searchathttp://www.hsu.edu.cn/.(★★★★)WhenLiuLingliwasachild,shefirstcommunicatedwithahearing-impairedperson,herneighborMrsWang.ButLiucouldnotunderstandwhatshewastryingtoexpresswithhergestures(手勢)ifWang’shusbanddidn’texplainit.“Evenasachild,Ifeltlovedbyherkindgesture,andthoughtitwouldbegreatifshecouldspeak,”Liusaid.LatershebecameateacherinaspecialschoolwheresomestudentshadthesameproblemasWang.Itwassuchahardjobthatshewasatalossandthoughtaboutgivingupatthebeginning,butshedidn’tasshethoughtofWang’spainontheface.Later,unluckily,Liu’sown7-month-oldsonwasalsofoundtohavethesameproblem,whichshockedbutneverfrightenedLiu.Insteadofgettingherchildtreatedinhospital,shedecidedtoprovidetreatmentforhersonbyherselfafterwork.Sincethen,Liucouldbetterunderstandthefamilieswithchildrenlikehersonandputmoreeffortstohelpthemlivebetterinsociety.Shestartedspeakingrebuildingtrainingbyself-teaching.ThankstoLiu’stirelessefforts,hersonandherstudentsshowedgreatimprovementandsomeofthembecamesuccessfullater.DengLiang,oneofLiu’sfirststudents,worksnowforaState-ownedenterprise(企業(yè))inChangsha.“MsLiutaughtmetobekind,optimistic(樂觀的)andhard-workingtobuildabetterlife,whichhaspushedmeforwardalltheseyears,”hesaid.LiuHanxiang,afamousdancernow,textedLiuLungliamessagethankingherforherefforts.“MsLiu,myperformancetodaywasagreatsuccess.Iwanttothankyou.Withoutyou,IwouldnothavebecomewhoIamtoday.”LiuLingliburstintotearswhenshereadthemessage.Forhercontributions(貢獻(xiàn))tosociety,LiuLinglireceivedtheawardofPersonTouchingChinafor2023.Liusaid,“Thereisstillalottodotoensuredisabledpeoplecanfindsuitablejobs.Themediaalsoneedstotellmorestoriesofpeoplewithdisabilitywhohavebuiltsuccessfulcareerssoastoencouragechildrenwithdisabilitytoimprovetheirlivesthroughlearning.”6.WhatmadeLiuLinglicontinuethejobthoughitwashardatfirst?

A．Wang’shusband’sexplanation.B．Wang’spainofcommunicationchallenges.C．Wang’skindgesture.D．Thestudents’problems.7.Whatdoes“then”referto?

A．Beingshockedbyherson’sproblem.B．Gettinghersontreatedinhospital.C．Treatinghersonbyherself.D．Understandingfamiliesalikebetter.8.WhywasDengLiangmentionedasanexampleinthepassage?

A．ToshowDeng’sefforts.B．ToshowDeng’sthankstoLiuLingli.C．ToshowLuLungli’sgreateffortstohelpstudents.D．ToshowLiuLingli’scontributionstosociety.9.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?

A．Toensuredisabledpeopletofindsuitablejobs.B．Totellthestonesofsuccessfulpeoplewithdisability.C．TocallonpeopletohelpLiuLingli.D．TopraiseLiuLingli’sactionsofhelpingthedisabled.10.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．ImprovinglivesthroughlearningB．Addingsoundtothelifeofthehearing-impairedC．LovingstudentsasherownchildrenD．Buildingsuccessfulcareersbyworkinghard(★★★)SuBingtianmadehistorybecomingthefirstChinesemalesprinter(短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員)toreachtheOlympic100mfinalin2021.Notonlythat,healsosetanewrecordwithatimeof9.83secondsduringthesemi-finalsoftheevent.Thisachievementshowedhistalentandspeedontheworldstage.Fewrunnersintheworldcanevencomeclose.Whysomepeoplecanrunveryfastwhileothersrunmoreslowly?Genes(基因)playarole,butsodoyourchoicesandexperiences.Onemayorfactor(因素)thatinfluencesyourabilitytorunfastishowyouarebuilt,includinghowyourmuscles(肌肉)work.Thehumanbodyhasmorethan600musclesthatworktogether.Thesemusclesaremadeupofgroupsoffibers(纖維).Therearetwomaintypes.Oneismainlyfasttwitch(快縮肌),usedforsprintingandsimilarsports.Theotherismostlyslowtwitch,usedforjoggingandsometypesofsportsatlowspeeds.Fast-twitchmusclefibersarelarger.Theyhelpyourbodymovequicklyandproduceseriousforce.Short﹣distancerunnersusuallyhaveplentyoffast﹣twitchmusclefibers.However,thismusclefibertypealsotaresquickly,soyoucanonlyrunashortdistanceatthetopspeed.Slow-twitchmusclefibersaresmallerandhelpyourunatlowerspeeds,butwithgreaterendurance.Long-distancerunnersusuallyhavealotofthesemuscles.Howmuchyouhaveofeachtypeofmusclefibersmostlydependsonyourgenes.Butexercisecanhelptrainthosemuscles.Physicalabilityisn’tjustaboutmuscle.Yourbrainplaysanimportantrole,too.Yourmusclesarecontrolledbyyourbrain.Youcanteachyourbodytousethebestrunningtechniques.Thatincludesproperposture(姿勢),soyourbodyisstandingtall.Thatalsoincludesaproperstepforward,soyourfeetlandbelowyouinsteadoflandingtoofarinfront,whichcanslowyoudown.Usingproperrunningtechniqueshelpsthemusclescreatemoreforceandworktogether,whichhelpsyourunfaster.11.Whichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicoffast-twitchmusclefibers?

A．Larger.B．Smaller.C．Weaktoproducepower.D．Goodforlong-distancesummers.12.Whichsportissuitableforpeoplewithmoreslow-twitchmuscles?

A．Sprinting.B．Marathon.C．Highjump.D．110mhurdles.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“endurance”meaninParagraph4?

A．Thepowertolastlong.B．Thestatetosurvive.C．Theabilitytostaycalm.D．Thequalitytobepatient.14.Whichisthebestrunningposture?

A．B．C．D．15.Inwhichmagazinecanyoureadthepassage?

A．SportsWorldB．FashionShowC．MysteriousSpaceD．HealthyDiet(★★★)Youalreadyknowwhycicadas(蟬)aresounbelievablynoisy:malesproducethesoundtoattractfemales.Butdoyouknowsomeofthemappearabovegroundonlyevery17years?Therearemorethan3,000kindsofcicadas,whichfallintotwotypes:annualcicadas,whichemerge(出現(xiàn))everyyear,andperiodical(周期)cicadas,whichspendmostoftheirlivesundergroundandonlyemergeonceeveryfewyears.The17-yearcicadaisoneoftheperiodicalcicadaswiththelongestknowninsectlifecycle.Every17years,likeclockwork,theyappear.Shortlyafterhatching(孵化)fromitsegg,a17-year-oldcicadanymph(若蟲)digsdownintotheground,whereitspends—asitsnamesuggests—thefirst17yearsofitslife.Whenitcomesoutfromtheground,itlivesonlyfourtosixmoreweeks—justlongenoughtolayeggs,andthecyclestartsalloveragain.Periodicalcicadasdon’tspendtheiryearssleepingunderground.Instead,theyareactiveintheirwinglessnymphforms,diggingtunnels(隧道).Thoughnotproven,manyscientistsbelievethatperiodicalcicadashaveamolecularclock(分子鐘)insidetheirbodiesthatnotesthepassingofyearsthroughenvironmentalsigns.Astreesgothroughtheirseasonalcycles,thesap(汁)oftheirroots(根)changes.Andwhencicadanymphsfeedonthissap,theyarelikelytopickupsignsofthepassingoftime.The17thtrees’seasonalcyclegivesthenymphstheirfinalsign:it’stimetoemerge.Whenthecicadanymphscomeoutfromtheirundergroundhomesdependsontemperature.Aftertheir17yearsareup,thecicadaswaitfortheperfecttemperaturebeforemakingtheJourneytothesurface—whenthesoilabout8inches(20cm)undergroundreaches64°F,or18°C.Thismeansthatcicadaswillappearatdifferenttimesindifferentpartsoftheworld:thesoilinoneplacemayreachtheidealtemperaturebeforethesoilinanother.Butoncethattemperatureisreached,allthecicadasintheareawillfeelitandmakethejourneytothesurfacetogether.Whentheyemerge,thecicadasaren’tyetintheiradultform.They’restillnymphs,andtheyremainsountiltheymolt(蛻皮)forthefinaltime.Oncetheirfreshexoskeletons(外骨骼)havehardened,theytaketothetreeswiththeirnew-foundwings,andthemalesbegintheirloudmatingcallsinordertoattractfemales.Thenfemaleslayeggsindrybranches.Afterthat,bothmalesandfemalesdie.Andnowwe’rebackwherewestarted.Newborncicadanymphsfallormovedownfromthetreesandgointotheground,nottobeseenforanother17years.16.WhichoneisTRUEaboutperiodicalcicadas?

A．Allofthemmakeloudnoises.B．Theyemergeeveryyear.C．Theyhatchunderground.D．Theyhavedifferentlife-cyclelengths.17.Whatmaythe17-yearcicadasdoundergroundduringthefirst17yearsoftheirlives?

A．Layingeggs.B．Sleepingallthetime.C．Hatchingfromeggs.D．Diggingtunnels.18.Howdocicadasknowwhen17yearshavepassedaccordingtoscientists?

A．Byfeelingtheenvironmentalchanges.B．Byclimbinguptrees.C．Bytestingthetemperature.D．Bygettinginformationfromadultcicadas.19.Whatdecidesacicada’semergencetime?

A．Thetemperature.B．Thesoil.C．Theareawhereitstays.D．Itsexoskeleton.20.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Reasonswhycicadasareunbelievablynoisy.B．Typesofperiodicalcicadas.C．Thelifecycleofthe17-yearcicada.D．Livinghabitsofthe17-yearcicada.(★★★)短文還原Herearesomethingsyoumaywanttothinkaboutwhendesigningyourstadium.Thefirststepoftheinventionprocessisto“thinkit”.Thisincludesfindingaproblemyouwouldliketosolve,orimaginingsomethingyouplantocreate.21,“Whatproblemdoesitsolve?Whatsportsoreventswilltakeplaceinyourstadium?Wherewillitbelocated?Howwillyourideabenewanddifferent?”Thenextstepisto“exploreit”.Youask:“Howhaveinventorscreatedsolutionsinthepast?”andthencarryoutresearchtolearnmoreabouttheproblemtheywouldliketosolve,ortheideatheywouldliketocreate.Thisisdonetounderstandsolutionsthatmayalreadyexist.22.Inventorsusedrawingasawaytoorganizetheirideas.23.Youcandrawyourideaswithpaperandpenciloruseanymeansofexpressionthatiscomfortableforyou.Remember!Inventorsseldomgetitrightonthefirsttry.24Buildamodelwhichwillshowthesize,shapeandformofyourstadium.Nowthatyouhavecreatedyour3Dmodel,takesometimetothinkabouthowyourstadiumlooksandhowitwouldworkforanevent.Nowit’stimetothinkabouthowitwouldwork,andshareyourideawithothers.Askyourself,“WhatchangescanImaketoimprovemystadium?”Sharinganideaalsohappenswhenyoupresentyourideatoothersafteryouhavemadeyourfinalchanges.Inventorstypicallydon’tsucceedwithaninventiononthefirsttry.Usually,inventorschangetheirideasmanytimesbeforetheyarefinishedtomakethemworkbetter.25,oncechangesaremade.Itcantakemanytriestomakeyourideasworkorlookthewayyouimaginedtheywould.

A．TogetstartedyoucanaskyourselfB．InventorstesttheirinventionsagainC．NowitistimetoseetheirideaturnintosomethingrealD．Onceyouhavecreatedyourdesign,moveontothenextstepE．ItallowsinventorstoimaginewhattheirinventionmightlooklikeandhowitwillworkF．Theylearnfromwhatothershavetriedandmakesurethattheirsolutionsarenewordifferent二、選詞填空(★★★)閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框內(nèi)所給11個(gè)詞中選擇10個(gè)意義相符的詞，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行詞形變化，填入空白處，每空一詞。

it,stone,six,by,easy,how,building,good,against,however,althoughTheJuyongguanGreatWallwasbuiltduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Itwasrebuiltandrepairedforthe26timeintheearlyMingDynasty,whichmakesitlooklikewhatitistoday.Recently,agroupofscientistsfromChineseAgriculturalUniversityinBeijingmadeastudyontheJuyongguanGreatWall,andtheyfoundanamazingfact.Somepartsofthewallweremadeof27,butsomewerebuiltof“rammedearth”,whichisamixtureofrocksandsoil.Usually,rammedearthshouldbedestroyed(破壞)28bywindandrainovertime.29,thefactisnotlikethat.Soscientistsquestioned30rammedearthmanagedtosurviveforsuchalongtime.Andnowtheyhavefoundthatpartsofthewallhavebeenprotected31somethingcalledbiocrust(生物結(jié)皮).Thisisathinlayerofplantlife,includingmoss(苔蘚),lichen(地衣)andotherthings.Thescientistsexamineda370-mile-longsectionofthewallandfoundthatthepartscoveredinbrocrustremained32thanotherparts.Thescientiststooksomesamples(樣本)ofthebiocrustbacktotheirlabfortesting.Theyfoundthenaturalmaterialwasactuallymuchstronger33therainandwindthantherammedearth.Thismeansthatthewallhasprotected34wellwiththebiocrustovertheyears.Thesefindingscouldbeimportant.35biocrustmaynotlookattractive,itsnaturalabilitytoprotectthingscouldbeaveryusefultool.Itofferstheexpertswhomanageancientbuildingsagoodwaytoprotectthem.(★★★)

sit,get,be,call,continue,know,control,graduate,help,study,happenLyuLinyouisascientistwhohelpsprotecttheenvironmentinZhangwuCounty.ZhangwuCounty36ontheedgeoftheHorqinsandyland.Sandandduststorms37abigprobleminthepast.Atonepoint,95%ofthecountywascoveredindesertland.In2004,LyuLinyou38fromcollegeandhewasonly24yearsoldthen.Theplacehestartedworking39theProvincialInstitute(研究院)ofSandyLandUse.Hehasworkedtherefor20yearsuptonow.Nowadays,theinstitute40astheSandControlandUsageResearchInstituteoftheLiaoningAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.WhenLyuLinyoufirstcametothecounty,hedidn’tknowmuchabouthow41sand.Butwiththehelpofhiscolleagues(同事)andlocalfarmers,hequicklylearnedhowtodoit.Inordertofindthebestgrassandherbs(草藥)forhelpingthegrasslandsinZhangwuCoutygrowback,Lyu42morethan400differentplantstillnow.Hetestedthemandfoundmorethan50plantsthatworkreallywell.Toourjoy,hisworkshowshowscience43protecttheearthandmakelifebetterforever.Becauseofhishardwork,thegrasslandsinthearea44healthierdaybyday.“ThoughIhavemadegreatprogress,I45toworkhardnonstoptomakesuretheenvironmenttogetbetterandbetter,”hesaid,“AndIamsurethiswillalsocreatenewjobsforthepeopleinthisareainthefuture.”三、任務(wù)型閱讀(★★★★)閱讀短文，根據(jù)題目要求完成各小題。Oftenpeoplewilldothingstoangeryou.Whenthishappens,it’snotgoodtoreactimmediately,butafteryou’vecalmeddown,lookatthepositive(積極的)qualitiesinthatperson.I’mnotaskingyoutobeadoormat(受氣包)orsimplylookatthepositivequalitieswhensomeoneisbeingunkindtoyou.Instead,I’msuggestingthatyoutakealookatthepositivequalitiesinadditiontoeverythingelse.Here’sanexample:Let’ssayyou’retakingyoursonordaughtertoabasketballgame.You’reinthelineandtheguybehindyou,whoisalsowithhischild,startspushing.Youaskhimtobackoffandhegetsangry,andperhapsstartsshouting.Allofthisistakingplaceinfrontofyourchildandhischild.Finallythingscalmdown.Perhapsyou’restillangryandsilentlycursing(咒罵)himasyousitinyourchair.Butcanyouseeanythingpositiveinthatperson?Mostpeoplewouldsayno.Butatleasthewastryingtospendsometimewithhiskidjustlikeyoudid.Youdon’tknowanythingelseabouttheperson,butyoujustfindsomeposit?vequalities.Toooftenwefocusonlyonaperson’snegative(消極的)qualitiesandforgetthegoodthings.Bylookingatthepositive,yougetyourmindtomoveitsattention.Itnowbeginstoseethingsdifferentlyandthus(所以)sendsadifferentmessageanddifferentenergytoyoursense.Thiswillbringpositivesituationstoyou.It’sthatoldsaying:”Whatgoesaroundcomesaround.“Youfo