中職英語(yǔ)升學(xué)考試教程 課件 第十一章 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

第十一章被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)PART01知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥目錄CONTENTSPART02例題分析PART03知能精煉01020301知識(shí)點(diǎn)撥一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(be+過(guò)去分詞)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）例，ManypeoplespeakEnglish.English

isspokenbymanypeople.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）例，Wecleanedtheblackboardjustnow.

Theblackboard

wascleaned(byus)justnow.一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(be+過(guò)去分詞)3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+shall/will+be+過(guò)去分詞）

or（主語(yǔ)+am/is/aregoingto+be+過(guò)去分詞)例，Theteamwillfinishtheworkinanhour.Thework

willbefinished(bytheteam)inanhour.ThegovernmentisgoingtoholdanimportantmeetingonTuesday.Animportantmeeting

isgoingtobeheld

onTuesday.一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(be+過(guò)去分詞)4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+would+be+過(guò)去分詞）

or（主語(yǔ)+was/weregoingto+be+過(guò)去分詞)例，Hermotherwouldtakehertothehospital.Shewouldbetaken

tothehospital.Thevillagewasgoingtobuildabridgeoverthere.Abridgewasgoingtobebuiltoverthere.一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(be+過(guò)去分詞)5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+am/is/are/+being+過(guò)去分詞）

例，Theworksarebuildingapowerstation.Apowerstationisbeingbuilt.6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（主語(yǔ)+was/were+being+過(guò)去分詞）TheworkswerebuildingapowerstationwhenIgottherelastyear.ApowerstationwasbeingbuiltwhenIgottherelastyear.一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(be+過(guò)去分詞)7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）

例，Thewriterhaspublishedmanyshortnovels.Manyshortnovels

havebeenpublished.8.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（主語(yǔ)+had+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）Thewriterhadpublishedmanyshortnovelsbytheendoflastmonth.Manyshortnovels

hadbeenpublishedbytheendoflastmonth.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞）例，Youmusttakeawaythebooks.Thebooksmustbetakenaway.二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1.當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者無(wú)法說(shuō)出或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)出時(shí)例，Thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Anewfactoryisbeingbuilt.2.當(dāng)著重說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)例，Thatbookhasbeensenttohim.

Thismustbedone.三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法1.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2.把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，人稱(chēng)和數(shù)與新主語(yǔ)一致。3.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閎y的賓語(yǔ)，組成介詞短語(yǔ)，當(dāng)不需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)可以省略。例如：Weplayfootballafterschool.Footballisplayedbyusafterschool.四、用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要注意的問(wèn)題1.只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞也不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例：Shehasawatch.2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)為雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可能有兩種。但一般情況下，人們往往對(duì)人比對(duì)物更感興趣，因此常常把指人的間接賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，但應(yīng)注意介詞的應(yīng)用。例：Hegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabook.Abookwasgiventome.02例題分析例題分析近幾年的高職考試中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以及含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)考得比較多，題型主要有句型轉(zhuǎn)換和單項(xiàng)選擇等。例題1.Didyoufinishthehomework?(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

thehomework

？例題2.Youcanleavetheboxesonthefloor.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

Theboxescan

onthefloor.例題3.Jimoftengivesmeapresentonmybirthday.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Apresent

often

tomebyJim.例題4.Jimwillgivemeapresentonmybirthday.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Apresent

tomebyJim.

分析did.....finish說(shuō)明過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，homework說(shuō)明不可數(shù)，所以答案就是Wasfinishedcan為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面接動(dòng)詞原型，所以答案為beleft。gives說(shuō)明一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)apresent主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，所以答案是isgiven.will將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，時(shí)態(tài)不能變，且其后用動(dòng)詞原型，所以答案willbegiven03知能精練知能精練將下列句子中的主動(dòng)變成被動(dòng)。1.Theyfinishedtheworktwodaysago.Thework

twodaysago.2.Thepolicemanhavecaughtthethief.Thethief

bythepoliceman.3.Marywillreturnthewallettotheteacher.Thewallet

totheteacher.4.Peoplearetalkingaboutthenewfilmeverywhere.Thenewfilm

bypeopleeverywhere.wasfinishedhasbeencaughtwillbereturnedisbeingtalked知能精練將下列句子中的主動(dòng)變成被動(dòng)。5.ProfessorSmithwillgiveusatalkonEnglishstudythisweekend.AtalkonEnglishstudy

tousthisweekend.We

atalkonEnglishstudythisweekend.6.Mymothertoldmetogiveacalltomyfather.I

togiveacalltomyfather.7.Mustwecleanthewindow?

thewindow

?8.Thenursewilltakegoodcareofthesickpeople.Thesickpeoplewill

goodcareofbythenurse.willbegivenwastoldMustbecleanedbetaken知能精練將下列句子中的主動(dòng)變成被動(dòng).9.Thestudentsshouldlearnallthe