2022屆遼寧省大連市高三4月一模英語試題

試卷第=page1818頁，共=sectionpages1818頁2/22022屆遼寧省大連市高三4月一模英語試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解VOLUNTARYSTUDENTORGANIZATIONSThereareover600differentVoluntaryStudentOrganizations(VSOs)atStanford.VSOsarethoseorganizationsinwhichmembershipisbothopenandlimitedtocurrentStanfordstudents,andwhosepurposesandproceduresareconsistentwiththegoalsandstandardsoftheUniversity.Studentsmakeallorganizationaldecisions.InordertousetheStanfordname,ortoreceivefunding,allvoluntarystudentorganizationsmustregisterwiththeUniversitythroughtheOfficeofStanfordEvents.Asaconditionofregistration,eachvoluntarystudentorganizationmustfileandhaveapprovedeachofthefollowing:●Astatement(聲明)ofpurposeandorganizationalconstitution.●Astatementaboutmembershipqualifications.●Clearproceduresforofficerelections.●Identificationoftheauthorizedrepresentativesofthegroup.IfavoluntarystudentorganizationseekstouseUniversityfacilitiesformeetingsopentomorethanitsownmembers,suchmeetingsshallbesubjecttotheregulationsoftheCommitteeonPublicEvents.AllorganizationeventsheldinUniversityfacilitiesmustreceiveeventapprovalfromtheOfficeofStudentActivities.NostudentgroupmayuseUniversityspaceorfacilitiesorreceiveotherUniversitysupportforpurposesofsupportingcandidatesforpublicoffice.GroupsmayusepublicplacessuchasWhitePlazaforspeechesandsimilaractivitiesheldbytheStudentCommittee;mayhaveperiodicuseofon-campusmeetingrooms;andmayrequesttoreserveauditoriums(禮堂)forpubliceventsaslongasallUniversityguidelinesarefollowed.1．WhocanregisterforaVSOatStanford?A．Acollegecandidate. B．AStanfordgraduate.C．Avoluntarystudent. D．AcurrentStanfordstudent.2．WhatmaterialdoesaVSOneedtohandin?A．Abusinesscertificate. B．Adescriptionofitsmembers.C．Adistinctprocedureofelectingofficers. D．Anintroductiontotherepresentatives.3．WhichdepartmentcanapprovetheeventsofaVSO?A．TheStudentCommittee. B．TheOfficeofStudentActivities.C．TheOfficeofStanfordEvents. D．TheCommitteeonPublicEvents.【答案】1．D

2．C

3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了斯坦福大學(xué)的志愿學(xué)生組織。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“VSOsarethoseorganizationsinwhichmembershipisbothopenandlimitedtocurrentStanfordstudents,andwhosepurposesandproceduresareconsistentwiththegoalsandstandardsoftheUniversity.（VSOs是一種組織，其成員資格是開放的，僅限于斯坦福大學(xué)的在校學(xué)生，其宗旨和程序與斯坦福大學(xué)的目標(biāo)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。）”可知，斯坦福大學(xué)在校生可以申請注冊（AcurrentStanfordstudent.）。故選D項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三小點(diǎn)“Clearproceduresforofficerelections.（成員選舉程序明確。）”可知，明確的成員選舉程序是志愿組織需要提交的。選項(xiàng)C“選舉成員的獨(dú)特程序?！迸c文意相符。故選C項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“VSOsarethoseorganizationsinwhichmembershipisbothopenandlimitedtocurrentStanfordstudents(VSOs是一種組織，其成員資格是開放的，僅限于斯坦福大學(xué)的在校學(xué)生)”以及最后一段第二句“AllorganizationeventsheldinUniversityfacilitiesmustreceiveeventapprovalfromtheOfficeofStudentActivities.（所有在大學(xué)舉辦的組織活動(dòng)必須得到學(xué)生活動(dòng)辦公室的批準(zhǔn)。）”可知，學(xué)生活動(dòng)辦公室可以批準(zhǔn)學(xué)生志愿組織的活動(dòng)，且VSOs是指會員資格開放且僅限于當(dāng)前斯坦福大學(xué)學(xué)生的組織，所以斯坦?；顒?dòng)辦公室可以批準(zhǔn)學(xué)生志愿組織的活動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。UsainBoltisasuperstarintheworldofsports.Duetohisextraordinaryandgreatskills,hehasalsoclaimedthetitleof“TheFastestManAlive”.TheJamaicanathletewasbornonAugust21,1986,andhisparentsweregrocersinJamaica.UsainBoltisknownasthegreatestsprinter(短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員)ofalltime.ThisismainlyduetohisperformanceintheOlympics,especiallyinthe100and200-meterraces.Fromearlychildhood,Boltadoredtheworldofsportsandalwayswantedtobepartofit.Heusedtoexcelincricket(板球)andothersportswhenhewasonlyateenagerandafterwardhedevelopedadeepaffectionforEuropeanfootballteams,namely—ManchesterUnitedandRealMadrid.Heknewrightthenhebelongedonlyinthefieldofsports.UsainBolthadhumblebeginnings.Hestartedhislegendasatalentatthe2002JuniorWorldChampionshipattheKingstonStadiuminJamaica.Intherace,Boltwonagoldmedal,shockinganaudienceof36,000andmakinghimtheyoungestjuniorchampion.Hisroadtofamestartedfromthere.OneofUsainBolt’sgreatestachievementisthatheresistedhisfearssuccessfully.Peoplesaidthatverytallpeoplecouldn’tbegoodsprinters,butitwasslammedwhenBoltwonvariousgoldmedalsintheOlympics.UsainBolthasmanyconnectionsashe’sthebrandambassadorofXoomandPuma.Apartfromthese,manyotherbrandsworkinpartnershipwithhim.4．WhatisBoltfamousfor?A．Jumping. B．Running. C．Football. D．Cricket.5．HowdidBoltrisetofame?A．HestoodoutintheOlympics. B．Hewonagoldmedalin2002.C．Hecooperatedwithmanybrands. D．Heovercamehisfearssuccessfully.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slammed”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Grasped. B．Criticized. C．Explored. D．Defined.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBolt?A．Talentedanddetermined. B．Humbleandfearful.C．Honestandmodest. D．Ambitiousandgenerous.【答案】4．B

5．B

6．B

7．A【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了短跑名將UsainBolt，講述了他如何走向成名之路。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“UsainBoltisknownasthegreatestsprinter(短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員)ofalltime.(尤塞恩·博爾特被認(rèn)為是有史以來最偉大的短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員)”可知，Bolt以跑步而出名。故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hestartedhislegendasatalentatthe2002JuniorWorldChampionshipattheKingstonStadiuminJamaica.Intherace,Boltwonagoldmedal,shockinganaudienceof36,000andmakinghimtheyoungestjuniorchampion.Hisroadtofamestartedfromthere.(2002年，在牙買加金斯頓體育場舉行的少年世界錦標(biāo)賽上，他開始了自己的天才傳奇。在比賽中，Bolt贏得了一枚金牌，震驚了36,000名觀眾，使他成為最年輕的青年冠軍。他的成名之路就是從那里開始的)”可知，博爾特的成名之路始于2002年獲得了一枚金牌。故選B。6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前一句“Peoplesaidthatverytallpeoplecouldn’tbegoodsprinters(人們說，個(gè)子很高的人不可能成為優(yōu)秀的短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員)”以及劃線詞后一句“whenBoltwonvariousgoldmedalsintheOlympics.(當(dāng)Bolt在奧運(yùn)會上贏得各種金牌時(shí))”可知，Bolt的成就推翻了人們之前的說法，即這種說法遭到了抨擊。由此推知，劃線詞slammed為“抨擊、駁斥、批評”之意。故選B。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Heusedtoexcelincricket(板球)andothersportswhenhewasonlyateenagerandafterwardhedevelopedadeepaffectionforEuropeanfootballteams,namely—ManchesterUnitedandRealMadrid.Heknewrightthenhebelongedonlyinthefieldofsports.(十幾歲時(shí)，他就在板球和其他運(yùn)動(dòng)方面表現(xiàn)出色，后來他對歐洲足球隊(duì)產(chǎn)生了深厚的感情，即曼聯(lián)和皇家馬德里。他那時(shí)就知道他只屬于體育領(lǐng)域)”可知，Bolt極具天賦。再根據(jù)最后一段“OneofUsainBolt’sgreatestachievementisthatheresistedhisfearssuccessfully.(UsainBolt最偉大的成就之一就是他成功地克服了自己的恐懼)”可推斷，他有決心才能成功克服內(nèi)心的恐懼。故選A。Teachersareoneoftheprofessionsleastatriskofbeingautomated.Ajobthatrequiresemotionalintelligenceandflexibility—inadaptinglessonplansontheflytoaparticulargroupofchildren,forexample—isnotoneparticularlywell-suitedtorobots.Artificialintelligence(AI),however,stilldeservesaroleintheclassroom.Thisisnotasareplacementforteachers,butasatooloranassistantthatcanaidthembothintryingtoclosethegapinachievementbetweentherichandthepoorandinmakingupforlostteachingtime,forinstance.Theprincipleofmachinelearningistoenhancehumans’existingcapacities.ThebestAIappspromisetoimproveteachers’knowledgeofwhattheirstudentsneed,howbesttheydelivertheteaching,andwhichstudentsrequirethemosthelp—fromahumanteacher—tokeepupwiththeirlearning.Besides,poorandunequalschooling,leavingtoomanychildrenbehind,isoneofthedeepestrootsofinequalityandlowproductivity.IfAIcanhelptargetexistingteachingresourcesbetter,thebenefitscouldbeincalculable.Therefore,smartpolicyisurgent.Theremustbeafocusontheteachingphilosophybehindtheprograms,aswellasensuringthatanydecisionsmadebymachinelearningareunderhumancontrol.Ineducation,choicesmadebyAIcouldsetadirectionfortherestofachild’slife.ThesemaybecommonconcernsaboutAI,buteducationisparticularlysensitive—especiallytheownershipandcontrolofanydatageneratedthroughtheplatforms.Schools,too,willneedtopreventteachers,whoalreadyhaveplentyofresponsibilities,fromalsohavingtokeepuptodatewiththousandsofapps.AIbelongsintheclassroomonlysolongasitenhancesthehumankind.8．WhatroleshouldAIplayintheclassroom?A．Anassistanttohelpteachers. B．Anaidtopunishstudents.C．Amachinetoreplaceteachers. D．Atooltoprotectstudents.9．WhichisthebenefitofusingAIappsinteaching?A．Ittellswhichteacherneedsthemosthelp.B．Itinstructsteachershowtodeliverspeeches.C．Itprovideswaysforteacherstomakemoney.D．Ithelpsbalancetheexistingteachingresources.10．WhatmattersmostinAIteaching?A．Improvingthehumankind.B．Settingadirectionforeducation.C．Preventingteachersfromusingapps.D．Producingdatathroughonlineplatforms.11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ThePopularityofE-TeachingAppsB．TheApplicationandFlexibilityofAIC．RulesforBringingAIintotheClassroomD．ApproachestoEnhancingTeachingOnline【答案】8．A

9．D

10．A

11．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要講述人工智能雖不能代替老師，但也要應(yīng)用在課堂上。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisisnotasareplacementforteachers,butasatooloranassistantthatcanaidthembothintryingtoclosethegapinachievementbetweentherichandthepoorandinmakingupforlostteachingtime,forinstance.”(這不是作為教師的替代品，而是作為一種工具或助手，可以幫助他們縮小貧富差距，彌補(bǔ)失去的教學(xué)時(shí)間。)可知，人工智能是作為一種教師的工具或助手而存在于課堂上的。故選A。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“IfAIcanhelptargetexistingteachingresourcesbetter,thebenefitscouldbeincalculable.”(如果人工智能能夠更好地利用現(xiàn)有的教學(xué)資源，其好處可能是無法估量的。)可知，更好地利用現(xiàn)有的教學(xué)資源會是課堂上利用人工智能的好處。故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AIbelongsintheclassroomonlysolongasitenhancesthehumankind.”(人工智能只有在提高人類素質(zhì)的前提下，才能進(jìn)入課堂。)可知，人工智能課堂最重要的是要提高人類素質(zhì)。故選A。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Artificialintelligence(AI),however,stilldeservesaroleintheclassroom.”(然而，人工智能（AI）仍然值得在課堂上發(fā)揮作用。)可知，這篇文章主要講述要把人工智能帶入課堂。故選C。Lonelinessissignificantmentalhealthconcernandcanraiseriskofdeathby45%andcontactwithnatureincitiessignificantlyreducesfeelingsofloneliness,accordingtoateamofscientists.Thestudyisthefirsttoassesshowtheenvironmentcanaffectloneliness.Itusedreal-timedata,collectedviaasmartphoneapp,ratherthanrelyingonpeople’smemoryofhowtheywerefeeling.Theresearchfoundthatfeelingsofovercrowdingincreasedlonelinessbyanaverageof30%.Butwhenpeoplewereabletoseetreesorhearbirds,feelingsoflonelinessfellby28%.Feelingsofsocialinclusionalsocutlonelinessby21%andwhenthesefeelingscoincided(巧合)withcontactwithnature,thebeneficialeffectwasboostedbyafurther18%.Thefindingspointedtointerventions(干預(yù))toreduceloneliness.Theresearcherssaid,“Specificmeasuresthatincreasesocialinclusionandcontactwithnatureshouldbetaken,especiallyinthicklypopulatedcities.”Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being(健康),withwoodlandwalksestimatedtosavetheUKatleast￡185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,forexample.TheresearchcollecteddatafromurbancitizensacrosstheworldusingtheUrbanMindresearchapp.Morethan750peopleprovided16,600oftheseassessments.Theparticipantswereself-selectingandsodidnotprovidearepresentativesampleofthewiderpopulations.Butwhentheresearcherstookage,education,andoccupationintoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontactandfeelingsofsocialinclusiononlonelinessremainedstronglystatisticallysignificant.JohannaGibbons,partoftheresearchteam,said,“Citiesareprobablytheonlyhabitatthatisincreasingatahighrate.Soweshouldbecreatingurbanhabitatswherepeoplecanthrive.”12．Howwastheresearchconducted?A．Byrelyingonpeople’smemory.B．Bysurveying750urbanparticipants.C．Bycollectingdatathroughasmartphoneapp.D．Bycheckingaworldwiderepresentativesample.13．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．Manybigcitiestaketheleadintheresearch.B．Timespentindoorsimprovespeople’swell-being.C．Woodlandwalksgreatlyreducesocialcontactwithpeople.D．InterventionstoreducelonelinessbenefittheUKfinancially.14．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearch?A．Itoffersawiderangeofsamplesglobally.B．Thefindingsareremarkableintermsofstatistics.C．Thecarefullyselectedparticipantsarereliable.D．Manyfactorsareconsideredexcepteducation.15．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Theproblemsoflivinginbigcities.B．Developingurbanhabitatsatahighspeed.C．Researchonhowtogetridoflonelinessinnature.D．Reducinglonelinessincitiesthroughcontactwithnature.【答案】12．C

13．D

14．B

15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述英國的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究表明，接觸大自然可以有效的減少人們的孤獨(dú)感。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itusedreal-timedata,collectedviaasmartphoneapp,ratherthanrelyingonpeople’smemoryofhowtheywerefeeling.”(它是利用通過智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序軟件搜集到的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，而不是依賴人們對他們的感覺的記憶。)可知，這項(xiàng)研究是通過手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序軟件搜集到的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thefindingspointedtointerventions(干預(yù))toreduceloneliness.Theresearcherssaid,“Specificmeasuresthatincreasesocialinclusionandcontactwithnatureshouldbetaken,especiallyinthicklypopulatedcities.”Timespentinnatureisknowntoboostwell-being(健康),withwoodlandwalksestimatedtosavetheUKatleast￡185mayearinmentalhealthcosts,forexample.”(研究結(jié)果指向了對減少孤獨(dú)感的干預(yù)。研究人員說，“應(yīng)該采取增加社會包容性和接觸大自然的具體措施，特別是在人口稠密的城市。”人們知道，在大自然中度過的時(shí)光有助于提高幸福感，例如，據(jù)估計(jì)，林地散步每年至少可以為英國節(jié)省1.85億英鎊的心理健康成本。)可知，英國在對減少孤獨(dú)感的干預(yù)為他們國家節(jié)省了1.85億英鎊的心理健康成本，所以是經(jīng)濟(jì)上獲益很大。故選D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butwhentheresearcherstookage,education,andoccupationintoaccount,thebenefitsofnaturecontactandfeelingsofsocialinclusiononlonelinessremainedstronglystatisticallysignificant.”(但是當(dāng)研究人員將年齡、教育程度和職業(yè)考慮在內(nèi)時(shí)，接觸大自然和社會包容感對孤獨(dú)感的好處在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上依然非常顯著。)可知，這項(xiàng)研究從統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上來說還是有顯著的好處的。故選B。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudyisthefirsttoassesshowtheenvironmentcanaffectloneliness.”(這項(xiàng)研究首次評估了環(huán)境對孤獨(dú)感的影響。)和最后一段“TheresearchcollecteddatafromurbancitizensacrosstheworldusingtheUrbanMindresearchapp.”(這項(xiàng)研究使用城市思維研究應(yīng)用程序從世界各地的城市居民中收集數(shù)據(jù)。)可知，這篇文章主要講述城市區(qū)域內(nèi)的人們接觸大自然對減少他們的孤獨(dú)感是非常有益的。故選D。二、七選五Onenightbeforebed,ChristineCarterwassittingwithherdaughteronthesofa.Theyweremakingalist:ThreeGoodThingsoftheDay.____16____It’satechniquebasedinanexpandingfieldofresearchknownasthescienceofhappiness.CarterisasociologistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Shestudieshowschoolsandfamiliescandeveloppositiveemotionsandhelpchildrenleadhealthierlives.____17____Itmeansunderstandingthatfeelingsadisnatural,andthatitpassesmorequicklyifwecannoticethegoodthingsinlife.“Thisisreallyaboutmentalhealth,”Cartersays.“Wecanpracticebringinghappinesstoourselves.It’slikeputtingmoneyinthebank.____18____”Akeysteptowardhappinessislearninghowtodescribeemotions,evennegativeones.Feelingblue?____19____Askyourself:“WhatdoIfeel?WhereinmybodyamIfeelingit?Doesithaveacolororshape?”Expressinggratitudeisalsoimportant.Let’ssayyouoftenquarrelwithsomebody.Reflectonwhyyou’regratefulforthatperson,andrememberthegoodtimes.Thismakesitlikelyyou’llgetalongbettertomorrow.____20____Helpingothersgiveslifepurpose,becauseyouarechangingtheworld.Evenmore,“Wefeelasenseofconnectionandlove,”sheadds.“Weareborntofeelbetterincommunity.Ournervoussystemfeelssafewhenwe’reconnectedwithotherpeople.”A．Butthesurestwaytohappinessiskindness.B．It’sbettertoaccepttheemotionthantoignoreit.C．Findingthepositivedoesn’tmeanneverbeingsad.D．Wecanbereadytocopewithhardtimesinthefuture.E．Kindnessiswhatyouneedmosttoavoidquarrelingwithothers.F．Makingalististheirwayofreflectingonthingstheyaregratefulfor.G．Keepingadiarycontributestopositivefeelingsandreducenegativeones.【答案】16．F

17．C

18．D

19．B

20．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了社會學(xué)家Carter研究學(xué)校和家庭如何培養(yǎng)積極的情緒，幫助孩子們過上更健康的生活，她教會女兒通過表達(dá)感激之情來獲得快樂。文章還介紹了其它一些有助于變得快樂的方法和觀點(diǎn)。16．根據(jù)前文“Theyweremakingalist:ThreeGoodThingsoftheDay.(他們在列一個(gè)清單：一天三件好事。)”可知，這里陳述列清單的目的。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Makingalististheirwayofreflectingonthingstheyaregratefulfor.(列一個(gè)清單是他們反思自己感激的事情的方式。)”符合上下文語境。選擇項(xiàng)中的“Makingalist”與前句中的“makingalist”相一致。故選F。17．該空在句首，有總起的作用。根據(jù)后文“Itmeansunderstandingthatfeelingsadisnatural,andthatitpassesmorequicklyifwecannoticethegoodthingsinlife.(這意味著理解感到悲傷是很自然的，如果我們能注意到生活中美好的事情，悲傷就會很快過去。)”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)積極的事情不意味著從不悲傷。所以選擇項(xiàng)C“Findingthepositivedoesn’tmeanneverbeingsad.(找到積極的一面并不意味著永遠(yuǎn)不悲傷。)”符合上下文語境。故選C。18．根據(jù)前文“Wecanpracticebringinghappinesstoourselves.It’slikeputtingmoneyinthebank.(我們可以練習(xí)給自己帶來快樂。就像把錢存進(jìn)銀行。)”可知，就像錢存銀行，準(zhǔn)備好快樂以應(yīng)對未來的困難時(shí)期。所以選擇項(xiàng)D“Wecanbereadytocopewithhardtimesinthefuture.(我們可以準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對未來的困難時(shí)期。)”符合上下文語境。故選D。19．根據(jù)前文“Akeysteptowardhappinessislearninghowtodescribeemotions,evennegativeones.Feelingblue?

(通往快樂的關(guān)鍵一步是學(xué)習(xí)如何描述情緒，甚至是負(fù)面的情緒。感到沮喪？)”可知，我們要學(xué)習(xí)各種情緒并接受各種情緒。所以選擇項(xiàng)B“It’sbettertoaccepttheemotionthantoignoreit.(接受這種情緒總比忽略它好。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。20．該空在句首，有總起的作用。根據(jù)后文“Helpingothersgiveslifepurpose,becauseyouarechangingtheworld.Evenmore,“Wefeelasenseofconnectionandlove,”sheadds.“Weareborntofeelbetterincommunity.Ournervoussystemfeelssafewhenwe’reconnectedwithotherpeople.”(幫助別人會讓你的人生有意義，因?yàn)槟阏诟淖兪澜?。更重要的是，“我們感覺到一種聯(lián)系和愛，”她補(bǔ)充說?！拔覀兩鷣砭蜁谏鐓^(qū)中感覺更好。當(dāng)我們與他人聯(lián)系時(shí)，我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)會感到安全。)”可知，通過自己的善良去幫助別人，改變世界，從而獲得真正的快樂。所以選擇項(xiàng)A“Butthesurestwaytohappinessiskindness.(但通往快樂最可靠的途徑是善良。)”符合上下文語境。故選A。三、完形填空Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeoutandsupermarketshelveswere____21____,DanielandNancydecidedtheynolongerwantedto____22____othersforfood.Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long____23____wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.____24____,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.Danielsaid,“Itissomethingthatwehavewantedtodo.Whenthedisease____25____,itgaveusthatextra____26____.Atthattimewewereboth____27____,andthatgaveusevenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould____28____ourselves.”Thepairbuiltahouseforchickensandducksandstudiedonlineaboutwheretheywouldgetallthethingstheyneeded.Danieladds,“Wehadtolearnsomanynewthingslikehowtogrowmushroomsand____29____saltfromtheocean.”Nowafterfivemonths,theybothfeelwellbutDaniel_____30_____thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto_____31_____coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday,”hesays.“Afterthreeweeksourenergylevelsbalancedoutandourwishes_____32_____andnowwefeelgreat.”NowFebruaryhascometoa(n)_____33_____.Astheysurvivewinter,theyfeel_____34_____aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving,withtheirchallenge_____35_____endinginAugust.21．A．dusty B．empty C．firm D．full22．A．payfor B．comeacross C．runafter D．relyon23．A．charity B．challenge C．construction D．research24．A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Besides25．A．hit B．dropped C．failed D．went26．A．burden B．faith C．push D．excuse27．A．confused B．unconcerned C．occupied D．unemployed28．A．teach B．protect C．feed D．control29．A．supply B．save C．invent D．harvest30．A．a(chǎn)dmits B．a(chǎn)rgues C．doubts D．denies31．A．demanding B．quitting C．changing D．consuming32．A．reduced B．returned C．existed D．doubled33．A．head B．stop C．end D．point34．A．positive B．worried C．regretful D．bored35．A．usually B．luckily C．merely D．officially【答案】21．B

22．D

23．B

24．B

25．A

26．C

27．D

28．C

29．D

30．A

31．B

32．A

33．C

34．A

35．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述在新冠疫情時(shí)期，超市貨物被搶空，丹尼爾和南希夫妻倆就決定用自產(chǎn)自足的方式來挑戰(zhàn)一年不買東西吃。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)新冠疫情爆發(fā)并且超市貨架被一搶而空時(shí)，丹尼爾和南希決定，他們不再想依賴別人獲得食物了。A.dusty布滿灰塵的；B.empty空的；C.firm牢固的；D.full滿的。根據(jù)下文“DanielandNancydecidedtheynolongerwantedto2othersforfood.Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.”可知，丹尼爾和南希決定他們不再買東西吃，應(yīng)該是因?yàn)槌械臇|西都賣空了。故選B。22．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：見第1題詳解。A.payfor購買；B.comeacross偶遇；C.runafter追趕；D.relyon依靠。根據(jù)下文“Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.”可知，丹尼爾和南希決定他們不再買東西吃，所以他們不依賴別人獲得食物，而是靠自己。故選D。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫妻決定開始一個(gè)一年期的挑戰(zhàn)，在這期間，他們將不買任何東西來吃。A.charity慈善；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.construction建設(shè)；D.research研究。根據(jù)下文“withtheirchallenge15endinginAugust.”可知，他們做出了一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。故選B。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他們將種、養(yǎng)、收一切東西。A.However然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides此外。根據(jù)上文“Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.”和下文“theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.”可知，上下文是對比的關(guān)系。故選B。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)疾病來襲時(shí)，它又給了我們額外的動(dòng)力。A.hit襲擊，爆發(fā)；B.dropped掉落；C.failed失敗；D.went去。根據(jù)上文“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”可知，這里指疫情爆發(fā)。故選A。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見第5題詳解。A.burden壓力；B.faith信念；C.push推動(dòng)力；D.excuse借口。根據(jù)下文“Itissomethingthatwehavewantedtodo.Whenthedisease5,itgaveusthatextra”可知，那個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是他們一直想做的事情，只不過發(fā)生的疫情更加堅(jiān)定了他們要做的決心，所以是個(gè)推力。故選C。27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)期，我們兩個(gè)都失業(yè)了，并且這給了我們更多的動(dòng)力來看看我們是否能養(yǎng)活自己。A.confused感到困惑的；B.unconcerned不擔(dān)心的；C.occupied忙的；D.unemployed失業(yè)的。根據(jù)下文“thatgaveusevenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould8ourselves.”可知，他們要靠自己來養(yǎng)活自己，說明他們當(dāng)時(shí)是失業(yè)的狀態(tài)。故選D。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第7題詳解。A.teach教；B.protect保護(hù)；C.feed喂養(yǎng)；D.control控制。根據(jù)上文“Atthattimewewereboth7,andthatgaveusevenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould8ourselves.”可知，他們都失業(yè)了，所以就是想看看是否還可以養(yǎng)活自己。故選C。29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不得不學(xué)習(xí)很多新東西，比如如何種蘑菇和從海里收集鹽。A.supply提供；B.save挽救；C.invent發(fā)明；D.harvest收獲、收集。根據(jù)下文“saltfromtheocean”可知，他們要一切靠自己，所以這是要從海里收獲鹽。故選D。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：五個(gè)月后，他們都感覺很好，但丹尼爾承認(rèn)最初幾周很困難，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳眢w適應(yīng)了在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.admits承認(rèn)；B.argues爭論；C.doubts懷疑；D.denies否認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday”可知，這是丹尼爾陳述的回憶，所以是承認(rèn)當(dāng)時(shí)很難過的狀態(tài)。故選A。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第10題詳解。A.demanding需求；B.quitting放棄；C.changing改變；D.consuming消費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“thefirstfewweeksweredifficult”可知，難熬的應(yīng)該是他們沒有咖啡和酒喝，沒有糖吃。所以，他們要放棄咖啡、酒和糖。故選B。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三周后，我們的精力平衡了，并且我們的愿望也減少了，現(xiàn)在，我們感覺很好。A.reduced減少；B.returned回來，歸還；C.existed存在；D.doubled加倍。根據(jù)上文“thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday,”可知，這里指他們對自己生產(chǎn)不出來的東西的愿望減少了。故選A。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，二月已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。A.head頭；B.stop停；C.end盡頭；D.point點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下文“Astheysurvivewinter”可知，他們度過了冬天，所以應(yīng)該是二月結(jié)束了。固定短語cometoanend表示“結(jié)束”的意思。故選C。34．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著他們度過了冬天，他們對繼續(xù)這種生活方式感到樂觀，他們的挑戰(zhàn)將在8月正式結(jié)束。A.positive積極的，樂觀的；B.worried擔(dān)心的；C.regretful遺憾的；D.bored無聊的。根據(jù)上文“Astheysurvivewinter”可知，因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)安然度過了冬天，所以他們對繼續(xù)這種生活方式是很樂觀的態(tài)度。故選A。35．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：見第14題詳解。A.usually通常；B.luckily幸運(yùn)地；C.merely僅僅；D.officially正式地。根據(jù)下文“endinginAugust”可推知，此處指丹尼爾和南希夫妻倆的挑戰(zhàn)將在8月正式結(jié)束。故選D。四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AsmallvillageinYunnanProvinceis____36____(wide)knownastheDaipaperfactory.Therearenetsfor____37____(dry)paperalloverthevillageandinsidevillagers’houses.Daipaper____38____(make)forover800yearsthereuptonow.OneofthebestpapermakersisYan,whowasalreadyinterestedinDaipaperatanearlyage.Taught____39____hisgrandparentstobeapapermakerat16,Yanwasquicklyabletocomplete____40____productionindependently.Unlikeordinarypapermakingwheretreesneedtobecutdown,Daipaperisenvironmentallyfriendly.Thisis____41____itsrawmaterialistherecyclablebarkofakindoftreesuniquetothearea.Daipaper’productionprocessisstillusedtoday.Inaworkshop,Yandemonstrated11differentpapermaking____42____(process)tous.AlthoughDaipapercarriesthecultureand____43____(believe)oftheDaipeople,thecraftingofitisfacedwithgreatchallenges.____44____(address)theproblems,YanimprovedDai’spapermakingtechnology,thussavingproductiontimeandreducinglaborcosts.Andthenhe_____45_____(start)teachingthevillagershisnewpapermakingprocessforfree.【答案】36．widely

37．drying

38．hasbeenmade

39．by

40．the

41．because

42．processes

43．belief##beliefs

44．Toaddress

45．started【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了傳統(tǒng)的傣族造紙工藝。36．考查副詞。句意：云南的一個(gè)小村莊被廣泛稱為傣族造紙廠。修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞形式，注意wide和widely之間的區(qū)別：wide指的是具體的寬度，為空間寬度，沒有感情色彩；而widely指的是抽象概念的廣泛地，指的是范圍上的寬廣。此處表示范圍廣泛。故填widely。37．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：村里到處都有曬紙的網(wǎng)，村民的房子里也有。介詞之后用動(dòng)詞的ving形式。故填drying。38．考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：傣族造紙至今已有800多年的歷史。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語uptonow可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語為Daipaper與make之間存在被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主語是單數(shù)，所以用has。故填hasbeenmade。39．考查介詞。句意：16歲時(shí)，他的祖父母教他造紙術(shù)，他很快就能獨(dú)立完成造紙術(shù)。分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為介詞，表示“被、由”，所以用介詞by。故填by。40．考查冠詞。句意：16歲時(shí)，他的祖父母教他造紙術(shù)，他很快就能獨(dú)立完成造紙術(shù)。名詞production為上文提到的造紙術(shù)的生產(chǎn)，為特指，所以用定冠詞the。故填the。41．考查連詞。句意：這是因?yàn)樗脑牧鲜且环N該地區(qū)特有的可回收樹皮。根據(jù)上文“Unlikeordinarypapermakingwheretreesneedtobecutdown,Daipaperisenvironmentallyfriendly.(與需要砍伐樹木的普通造紙不同，傣族紙是環(huán)保的。)”以及空后“itsrawmaterialistherecyclablebarkofakindoftreesuniquetothearea.(它的原材料是一種該地區(qū)特有的可回收樹皮。)”可知，這是解釋傣族紙與其他紙不同的原因。故填because。42．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：在一個(gè)車間里，嚴(yán)向我們展示了11種不同的造紙工藝。根據(jù)11different可知，后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填processes。43．考查名詞。句意：傣族紙承載著傣族人民的文化和信仰，但其制作卻面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)連詞and可知，空處和名詞culture為并列關(guān)系，所以用名詞形式，名詞belief為“信仰”之意，為可數(shù)名詞，單復(fù)數(shù)皆可。故填belief(s)。44．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了解決這個(gè)問題，嚴(yán)改進(jìn)了傣族的造紙技術(shù)，從而節(jié)省了生產(chǎn)時(shí)間，降低了勞動(dòng)力成本。句中用不定式擔(dān)當(dāng)目的狀語，表示“為了……”。故填Toaddress。45．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然后他開始免費(fèi)向村民們傳授他的造紙新工藝。根據(jù)then可知，和上文的時(shí)態(tài)是延續(xù)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)。故填started。五、感謝信/祝賀信46．假定你是李華，你的英國朋友John獲得了在華高中留學(xué)生中文演講比賽一等獎(jiǎng)。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.祝賀獲獎(jiǎng)；2.肯定付出；3.期待見面交流。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJohn,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJohn,IwouldliketoexpressmycongratulationstoyouonyourwinningthefirstprizeintheChineseSpeechCompetition.Itisreallygoodnewsthatyoubecamechampionofthiscompetition.IknowyouwerenotverygoodatChineseatfirst.However,youpractisedspeakingChinesealmosteveryday.Asthesayinggoes,“Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.”Andyoureffortspaidoffatlast!Ibelieveyoucanachievemoreinthefuture.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoonandcatchinguponalltheupdates.Yours,LiHua【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給你的英國朋友John寫一封電子郵件，祝賀他在華高中留學(xué)生中文演講比賽一等獎(jiǎng)?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累想要：wouldliketo→wantto比賽：competition→match冠軍：champion→winner期望：lookforwardto→expect2.句式拓展句式轉(zhuǎn)換原句：IwouldliketoexpressmycongratulationstoyouonyourwinningthefirstprizeintheChineseSpeechCompetition.拓展句：KnowingthatyouhavewonthefirstprizeintheChineseSpeechCompetition,Iwouldliketoexpressmycongratulationstoyou.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Itisreallygoodnewsthatyoubecamechampionofthiscompetition.（運(yùn)用了it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的主語從句）[高分句型2]Ibelieveyoucanachievemoreinthefuture.（運(yùn)用了賓語從句）六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwasbornintoabigfamily.Asthefifthofsevenchildren,Iwenttothesamepublicschoolasmythreeoldersistersandbrother.Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesamesceneandhadparent/childinterviewswiththesameteachers.Theonlythingdifferentwasthechild.Andeverychildparticipatedinanoldschooltradition—theannualplantsaleheldinearlyMay,justi