初中英語語法 被動(dòng)語態(tài)

被動(dòng)語態(tài)

(一)Bedoneby被...

(1)Herstudentslovetheteacher=Theteacherislovedbyherstudents.

(2)Herstudentslovedtheteacher=Theteacherwaslovedbyherstudents.

(3)Herstudentswilllovetheteacher=Theteacherwillbelovedbyherstudents.

(4)Herstudentshavelovedtheteacher=Theteacherhasbeenlovedbystudents.

(5)Herstudentshadlovedtheteacher=Theteacherhadbeenlovedbystudents.

(6)Herstudentscanlovetheteacher=Theteachercanbelovedbyherstudents.

例子被動(dòng)的時(shí)態(tài)格式

(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)ls/am/aredone

(2)一般過去時(shí)Was/weredone

(3)一般將來時(shí)Willbedone

(4)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Have/hasdone

(5)過去完成時(shí)Was/weredone

(6)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can/could/shouldbedone

(2)特殊詞：主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)

(1)主語是物E1寸，這些特殊詞可以用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，taste,smell,sound,look,write,sell,wash

Thefoodtastesdelicious.這個(gè)食物嘗起來很好吃

Thefoodsmellsdelicious.這個(gè)食物聞起來很好吃

Thisideasoundsgreat.這個(gè)主意聽起來很棒

Thecoatlooksugly.這些衣服看起來很難看

Thispenwritesverysmoothly.這只鋼筆寫起來很流暢

Thecoatsellswellintheshop.這家店的這件衣服賣的很好

Thisshopisopenedat8amthismorning.今天早上八點(diǎn)這家店開的門

(2)want/need/require+tobedone=want/need/require+doing

Mybikeneedstoberepaired=Mybikeneedsrepairing

我的自行車需要修理

(3)beworthdoing＞值得做...,主語是物

Thisbookisworthreading.這本書值得讀一讀

時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)例句

主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)

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一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)do/doesam/is/are+doneWecleantheclassroomTheclassroomis

cleanedbyus.

一般過去時(shí)didWas/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadeby

him.

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doingAm/is/are+beingdoneSheiswateringflowers.Flowersarebeing

wateredbyhim.

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+doingWas/were+beingdoneShewaswritingaletterthisAletterwasbeing

timeyesterday.writtenbyherthistime

yesterday.

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+doneHave/hasbeendoneJimhasfinishedthework.Theworkhasbeen

finishedbyJim.

過去完成時(shí)had+doneHadbeendoneJimhadfinishedtheworkbyTheworkhadbeen

theendof2010.finishedbyJimbythe

endof2010.

一般將來時(shí)will/begoingtowill/begoingtobedoneTheywillplanttreesTreeswillbeplanted

tomorrow.bythemtomorrow.

過去將來時(shí)Woulddo/beWould/begoingto+beHesaidhewouldmakeaHesaidakitewould

goingtododonekite.bemadebyhim.

含有情態(tài)動(dòng)can/may/must+doCan/may/must+bedoneIcanfindhim.Hecanbefoundby

詞me.

主動(dòng)語態(tài)和變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

1.要將主動(dòng)句里德賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語，若主語句中的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格

變?yōu)橹鞲瘛?/p>

2.把主動(dòng)句中的主語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的賓語，主格代詞變成賓格代詞，并山by引導(dǎo)。

3.謂語動(dòng)詞變成相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式

主動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者+謂語動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作承受者

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)作承受者+謂語動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者

如：WeaskedhimtosinganEnglishsong.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）一＞

HewasaskedtosinganEnglishsongbyus.

二.帶雙賓語的謂語動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

謂語動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語時(shí)，既可以將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語，也可以將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化為主語。若

將間接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語，則保留直接賓語；若將直接賓語轉(zhuǎn)化成主語則保留間接賓語，且

在被保留的間接賓語前加上介詞to或for.如：

Shegavemeabook.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）一?

Iwasgivenabookbyher.（間接賓語me改為了主語）

Abookwasgiventomebyher.（直接賓語abook改為了主語）

四.動(dòng)詞短語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

許多山不及物動(dòng)詞和介詞，副詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語，也可以有

被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但是動(dòng)詞短語是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞

短語的介詞或副詞。如：

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Weshouldspeaktooldmenpolitely.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）

Oldmenshouldbespokentopolitely.（to不可省略）

五.帶復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

賓語加上賓語補(bǔ)足語?起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，只把賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語，

賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在原處，成為主語補(bǔ)足語。如：

IhearJaneplayingthepianoinherroom.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）

Janewasheardplayingthepianoinherroom.

六.變被動(dòng)語態(tài)后動(dòng)詞形式的選擇

主動(dòng)句中的感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,water,feel,notice等，及使役動(dòng)詞let,make,have等

后跟省略to的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，應(yīng)加上不定式符號to。如：

Hemakesthegirlstayathome.（變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)）一?

Thegirlismadetostayathomebyhim.

易混點(diǎn)清單：

一■主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義

1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí);

它們的主語為物，可用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義，如：

Thiskindofpenwritesverysmoothly.

Thiskindofshirtsellswellhere.

2.look,sound,taste,smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義。如：

Uniformslookuglyonus.

Mooncakestastedelicious.

3.Beworthdoing用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：

Thisbookisworthreading.這本書值得讀一讀

4.<<want/need/require+doing”相當(dāng)于uwant/need/require+tobedone”。Tobedone表示不定

式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，如：

Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberequired.我的自行車需要修理

被動(dòng)語忠練習(xí)題

1.Flowersalongtheroadlastyear.

A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted

2.一Whatlanguagesinthatcountry?

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——GermanandEnglish.

A.arespeakingB.arespokenC.speakD.isspoken

3.ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformationinashorttime.

A.canbelearnedB.hasbeenlearnedC.canlearnD.haslearned

4.TheChinesewriterhasgotlotsoffansinFrance.HisnewbookintoFrenchas

soonasitcameout.

A.wastranslatedB.translatedC.istranslatedD.translates

5.0nJune,Shenzhou-10carryingthreeastronautsintospacefromthespace

centerinJiuquan.AlltheChinesepeopleareproudofitssuccessfullaunch.

A.sentupB.aresentupC.wassentup

6.—HowmanyChineseastronauts（宇航員）intospacesince2003?

-Twelve,includingtwowomen.

A.weresentB.sentC.havebeensentD.havesent

7.—DoesshelikesingingEnglishsongs?

—Yes.ShetosingEnglishsongsinherroom.

A.oftendoesB.isoftenheardC.oftenhears

8.ItissaidthatanAsianCultureVillageinsidetheAYGVillageinNanjingin

thecomingAsianYouthGamesperiod.

A.buildsB.isbuildingC.willbebuiltD.wasbuilt

9.一Haveyoufinishedyourproject?

-Notyet.rilfinishitifItenmoreminutes.

A.giveB.amgivenC.willgiveD.willbegiven

10.一HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?

—Itfoodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.

A.mustgiveB.mustbegiveC.mustbegivenD.mustbegave

11.Ifyouseethecartoonfilm,youwilllaugh.

A.bemadeB.bemadetoC.maketoD.make

12.一Thefoodlookedbad,butitOK.

-Sowecan'tjudgeamanbyhisappearance.

A.istastedB.tastedC.wastastedD.taste

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13.一Excuseme,sir,smokinginthegasstation.

■一Oh,Pmreallysorry.

A.doesn'tallowB.isn'tallowedC.aren'tallowed

14.Today,computersarereallyhelpful.Theyeverywhere.

A.useB.areusedC.usedD.wereused

15.The30lhOlympicGamesinLondonsoon.

A.heldB.willbeheldC.wereheldD.havebeenheld

16.Chinesebymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday.

A.leamB.learnedC.islearnedD.waslearned

17.Hotwaterinthestudents,flatsfrom5pmto7pmnow.

A.suppliesB.issuppliedC.suppliedD.wassupplied

18.Yaxi,aquitevillage,China'sfirst"SlowCity,9inNovember2011.

A.namesB.namedC.isnamedD.wasnamed

19.Bamboocanpaper.

A.usedtomakeB.beusedmakeC.beusedtomakeD.beusedtomaking

2O.Manyaccidentsbycarelessdriverslastyear.

A.arecausedB.werecausedC.havecausedD.willcause

21.Don,tworry.Yourpackagehereuntilyoucomeback,soenjoyshoppinghere.

A.willkeepB.haskeptC.willbekeptD.hasbeenkept

22.DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina.

A.allowsB.doesn'tallowC.isallowedD.isn'tallowed

23.Becauseofthesupportfromalloverthecountry,beautifulnew

buildingshereandthereintheearthquake-hitareasinSiChuan.

A.canseeB.canbeseenC.willbeseen

24.EachtimetouriststraveltoBeijing,theytheForbiddenCity.

A.willbeshownupB.willbeshownaround

C.willshowaroundD.willshowto

25.LiuXiangbyhiscoachtotrainregularly.

A.advisedB.advisesC.wasadvisedD.beadvised

26.—CanyousingthisEnglishsong?

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-Ofcourse,!can.Itmanytimesontheradio.

A.taughtB.hastaughtC.istaughtD.hasbeentaught

27.Noconclusionbeforewecompletethistest.

A.ismadeB.willbemadeC.hasmade

28.Wastepapershouldn'teverywhere.It'sourdutytokeepourcityclean.

A.bethrownB.throwC.isthrownD.arethrown

29.一Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouthisjob?

-Well,I'mthinkingabouttheworkingday.

A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered

30.1togettherebeforeseventomorrow,soDIhavetogetupearly.

A.toldB.havetoldC.willtellD.wastold

31.一Hasanyonetaughthimhowtodoit?

---Sure.Lotsofadvice,buthehasn'tmadeadecision.

A.gaveB.weregivenC.havebeengivenD.hasbeengiven

32.Bikesinthe1880sandtheytravelingaound.

A.wereinvented;wereusedasB.wereinvented;areusedfor

C.wasinvented;wasusedforD.invented;areusedto

33.TheNobelPrizeinLiterature2012wasawardedtoMoYanhisbookswell

aroundtheworld.

A.wouldsellB.aresoldC.sellD.havebeensold

34.-Howcanwestoptheglobefrombecomingwarmer?

—Ithinkmoretreeseveryyear.

A.shouldplantB.shouldbeplantingC.shouldbeplantedD.wereplanted

35.Todaytrainticketscanonlineatanytime.

A.shouldplantB.shouldplantingC.shouldbeplantedD.wereplanted

36.—HaveyouseenthemovieQianXuesen?

-Yes.Iamdeeplybythegreatscientist.

A.interestedB.interestingC.movedD.moving

37.Asavolunteer,GuoMingyialwayshelpotherswhoareintrouble.

A.is;seenB.is;seentoC.is;seeD.is;saw

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38.一Teachersoftensaythatmistakesshouldintime.

---1thinkso.It'sreallygoodadvice.

A.correctB.becorrectingC.havecorrectedD.becorrected

39.Whenthe620-meterShanghaiTower,itwillbethesecondtallestbuildingin

theworld.

A.finishesB.finishedC.willfinishD.isfinished

4O.AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger,Chineseinmoreandmoreschools

outofourcountry.

A.teachesB.istaughtC.hastaughtD.wastaught

41.一Mum,canIgotothezoowithLinda?

—Whenyourhomework,youcan.

A.isfinishedB.wasfinishedC.f