江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2023-2024學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上冊(cè)1月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

景德鎮(zhèn)市2023-2024學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末檢測(cè)卷

高二英語(yǔ)

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出

最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段

對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Howmanypeopleattendedthemeeting?

A.13.B.18.C.30.

2.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Makingaguess.B.Boardingtheplane.C.Seeingoffthewoman.

3.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo9

A.Lookafterherkid.B.Typeareport.C.Pickupaclient.

4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?

A.Acouple.B.Anaccident.C.Acar.

5Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Atthebeach.B.Inthegym.C.Intheplayground.

第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)

完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?

A.Eatout.B.Meetthemanager.C.Dealwithherwork.

7.Whatwillthewomanhaveforlunch?

A.Pizza.B.Spaghetti.C.Beefnoodles.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?

A.Herschoolmate.B.Hermanager.C.Awaiter.

9.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?

A.Enjoybeefsteak.B.Buysomedresses.C.Headfortheairport.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthemovie?

A.It'sromantic.B.It?sdull.C.It'sinteresting.

11.Whatkindofmoviesdoesthemanprobablylike?

A.Sciencefictionmovies.B.Horrormovies.C.Actionmovies.

12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Acouple.B.Co-workers.C.Friends.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?

A.Callthewoman'sfriend.

B.Helpherexplaintherequest.

C.Buyheranewtrainticket.

14.Whattimeisit?

A.4:00p.m.B.2:00p.m.C.l:30p.m.

15.Whyisthewomaninarush?

A.Herfriendiswaitingforher.

BThetrainisleavingsoon.

C.ShewantstoleaveSeoulurgently.

16.Whatwillthewomandonext?

A.Gototheticketoffice.B.Printhertrainticket.C.Boardthetrain.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhydidShenJianhuamovetothevillageiOyearsago?

A.Hewantedtoconcentrateonpainting.

B.Hiswifewasinbadphysicalcondition.

C.Hehopedtohelpthevillagersearnsomemoney.

18.WhendidWangBingxiustarttostudyartintheclub?

A.In2012.B.In2019.C.In2022.

19.Wheredothepatternspickedbytheseelderlywomencomefrom?

A.Fruitsandflowers.B.Flowersandbutterflies.C.Butterfliesandfruits.

20.WhatdoweknowaboutShenJianhua?

A.Hehasheldfournationaltours.B.Hehasopenedacafe.

C.Hisworksweresoldfor15,000yuan.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ExhibitionsworthvisitinginLondonin2023

Flowery:Orchids

Thisannualfestivalisbackinbloom,thistimeinspiredbythebeautyandbiodiversityofCameroon.Justlike

previousyears,theorchidsarespreadthroughoutthevariouszonesofthePrincessofWalesconservatoryand

accompaniedbysculpturesthatarejustascolorfulastheflowersondisplay.

AtKewGardens.4February—5March,$16.50~~entrancetothegardensincluded.

Architectural:VanishingPoints

Whileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsare

usingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.Thiscollectionofworks,whichrangefrom

thepracticaltothefantastical,areallbyarchitectswhohavegatheredsignificantsocialmediafollowings.

IntheDigitalUniverseatROCALondon.8February—31July,free.

PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeel

ThelargestUKexhibitiontodateofAmericanpainterAliceNeePsworkwillbringtogetherherfigurative

piecesfromacrossher60-yearcareer.Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworks

weremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored-pregnantwomen,laborleaders,black

children,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.IfshightimewehadamajorshowofherworkinLondon,

andtheBarbicanhasdulyprovided.

AtBarbicanArtGallery.16February-21May,$16.50.

FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.

ArthistoryhasoftenshonealightonthemenofAbstractExpressionism,suchasJacksonPollockandMark

Rothko.Well,now'sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibition

thatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler,butspreadsthenetwiderto

includethefemaleabstractartistsfromEurope,Asiaandthewiderworld,withwhommostofuswillbeunfamiliar.

AtWhitechapelGallery.9February-7May,$16.50―concessionsavailable.

1.Whatmightnewly-developingdesignersandarchitectstendtodo?

A.Togathersignificantsocialmedia.

B.Tocreatevirtualarchitecturalstructures.

C.TocreateplatformslikeInstagram.

D.Todesignpurelyrealarchitecturalstructures.

2.WhencanvisitorsappreciateLeeKrasner'sworks?

A.OnMarch10.B.OnJanuary7.

C.OnFebruary8.D.OnMay8.

3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheartistAliceNeel?

A.Sheis60yearsoldnow.

B.Herartworksdon'tintentionallyfollowthemainstream.

C.Sheoftenignoredsomecommonsubjects.

D.SheisthemostpopularAmericanpainterintheUK.

【答案】l.B2.A3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹2023年倫敦值得參觀的展覽。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Architectural:VanishingPoints部分uWhileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyin

therealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthe

virtualworld.（雖然我們喜歡認(rèn)為建筑純粹存在于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中，但新興設(shè)計(jì)師和建筑師正在使用Instagram

等平臺(tái)在虛擬世界中創(chuàng)建結(jié)構(gòu)。）”可知，新興設(shè)計(jì)師和建筑師正在使用Instagram等平臺(tái)在虛擬世界中創(chuàng)

建結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.部分"Well,now'sthetimetoletthemost

importantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuch

asLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenlhaler（好吧，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候讓這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中最重要的女性在展覽中脫穎而出

了，其中包括LeeKrasner和HelenFrankenlhaler等美國(guó)藝術(shù)家的作品）”和“AlWhitechapelGallery.9

February—7May,$16.50—concessionsavailable.（在白教堂畫(huà)廊。2月9日至5月7日，16.50美元-優(yōu)惠票

可用。）”可知，2月9日至5月7日可以看LeeKrasner的作品展覽，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A選項(xiàng)3月10日在這個(gè)

時(shí)間范圍內(nèi)。故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeel部分“Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigures

whenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored一pregnantwomen,

laborleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.（尼爾在拄象作品最受歡迎的時(shí)候畫(huà)人

物，這與流行的風(fēng)格背道而馳，她畫(huà)的是其他藝術(shù)家忽視的主題一一孕婦、勞工領(lǐng)袖、黑人兒童、民權(quán)活

動(dòng)家和奇怪的表演者。）“可知，尼爾在抽象作品最受歡迎的時(shí)候畫(huà)人物，這與流行的風(fēng)格背道而馳，所

以，她的作品并非有意追隨主流。故選B。

B

Afewweeksago,1pulledanoldroadmapoutofmygloveboxandhandedittomykids.They'dneverseen

theprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,askingaboutallthetowns,parksandother

landmarkswe'dvisited,andIpointedthemcutonthemap.

DigitalmapsandGPSaremodemwondersthathavegottenmeoutofmanyconfusingplaces,butpapermaps

stillhavearoletoplayinourlives.Mostofusadultslearnedtoreadthemoutofnecessity,butit'suptoustopass

ontha:skilltochildrenwhoseneedmaynotbesoobvious,butwhostillwillbenefitfromit.

AsTrevorMuirwroteinanarticleonthistopic,“Whenkidslearnhowtocreateandusepapermaps,theyare

doingmorethanjustlearninghowtogetaround.Theyarcactuallydevelopingafundamentalskillthattheywilluse

fbrtherestoftheirlives.Mapreadingskillstillbelongsintoday'sclassroom.^^

Asachild,IhadNationalGeographicmapstapedtomybedroomwalls.Thisarousedmycuriosityand

imaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausethey

weretiedtoplacesI'd"seen”.Evennowasamotheroffour,Tvealsosparedtimetotraveltomanyofthecountries

whosemapsIstudiedasachild.

Additionally,inthisfast-changingworld,unexpectedeventscanrapidlyinfluenceone'susualwayoflife.When

GPSsatellitesorInternetconnectionsareaffected,thisold-fashionedskillcangetyououtofamesswithoutrequiring

asmartphone.Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere'samuchbigger

worldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.

So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.

4.Howdidthechildrenreactwhengiventhepapermap?

A.Theyseemedtotallyconfused.

B.Theyshowedgreatcuriosity.

C.TheyfounditlessconvenientthanGPS.

D.Theyrecognizedthelandmarksthemselveseffortlessly.

5.Whatbenefitsdoestheauthormentionregardingtheuseofpapermapsfbrchildren?

A.TheypromoterelianceonGPStechnology.

B.Theyprovideinstantconvenienceandaccuracy.

C.Theyenhancecuriosityandimagination.

D.Theygetridoftheneedforsmartphones.

6.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?

A.Papermapsarealreadyoutofdate.

B.Internetconnectionsarcalwaysreliable.

C.GPSwillsoonerorlaterreplacepapermaps.

D.Papermapsprovidekidswithagrandvision.

7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowtoTeachKidstoSurviveintheWild

B.TimetoTeachKidstoReadPaperM叩s

C.HowtoTeachKidstoRecognizeStrangePlaces

D.TimetoEncourageKidstoExploreaRealWorld

【答窠】4.B5.C6.D7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章中作者分享了給自己的孩子們展示紙質(zhì)地圖時(shí)，他們充滿好奇的情

景，以及自己小時(shí)候使用紙質(zhì)地圖的經(jīng)歷，向讀者表明紙質(zhì)地圖對(duì)我們的生活依然很重要，學(xué)習(xí)如何使用它

對(duì)孩子們有很多益處，因此主張父母應(yīng)該教給孩子使用紙質(zhì)地圖的技能。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第?段中"They'dneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,

askingaboutallthetowns,parksandotherlandmarkswe'dvisited（他們從未見(jiàn)過(guò)安大略省像這樣陳列出來(lái)。他

們盯著它，詢問(wèn)我們?nèi)ミ^(guò)的所有城鎮(zhèn)、公園和其他地標(biāo)）”推知，孩子們對(duì)這張紙質(zhì)地圖非常好奇，詢問(wèn)地

圖上的各種地標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademe

eagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI'd"seen".（這喚起了我對(duì)那

些地方的好奇心和想象力，從而使我渴望記住我的地理和歷史課程，因?yàn)樗鼈兣c我“看到”的地方有關(guān)）”

可知，作者提到使用紙質(zhì)地圖能夠激發(fā)孩子的好奇心與想象力。故選C項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中"Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere's

amuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.（最后但并非最不重要的一點(diǎn)是，紙質(zhì)地圖能

激發(fā)孩子們的宏觀思維，讓他們知道外面有一個(gè)更大的世界，并幫助他們進(jìn)入這個(gè)世界）”可知，作者認(rèn)為

紙質(zhì)地圖為孩子們提供了一個(gè)宏大的視野，幫助他們進(jìn)入更大的世界。故選D項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段"So,nowisagoodtimelopulloulihoseduslyoldmapsandlayihem

onihekiicheniable.(所以，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候拿出那些滿是灰塵的舊地圖，把它們放在廚房的桌子上了)”可知，作

者結(jié)合給自己的孩子們展示紙質(zhì)地圖，以及自己小時(shí)候使用紙質(zhì)地圖的經(jīng)歷，向讀者表明紙質(zhì)地圖對(duì)我們

的生活依然很重要，學(xué)習(xí)如何使用它對(duì)孩子們有很多益處，主張父母應(yīng)該教給孩子使用紙質(zhì)地圖的技能。因

此，B項(xiàng)“是時(shí)候教孩子看紙質(zhì)地圖了”契合文章大意，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

C

Atthe2022-23ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalsonMay14,sportsweargiant

Nikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatusesrecycledsneakersasraw

materials.ThecourtisscheduledtobecompletedinGuangzhoubytheendofJuly.

CooperatingwiththeChinaSchoolSportsFederation,Nikelaunchedtheenvironmentalprotectioncharity

projectfortheCHBL2022-23Season.TheprojectencouragestheinvolvementofCHBLplayers'coaches,

basketballenthusiastsandconsumersinthecollectionandrecyclingofoldsportshoes.Throughadvanced

technology,thrown-awaysportshoeswillbeprocessedandusedintheconstructionofthefirsteverCHBL-themed

eco-friendlybasketballcourt.

Overthepasttwomonths,theoldsportshoescollectionbinshavetraveledalongsidetheCHBLtourmaking

stopsatthefourmajorregionaltournamentsheldintheeast,west,southandnorthofChina.Thebinshavegone

intoschools,includingTsinghuaHighSchoolinBeijingandHuipuMiddleSchoolinTaizhouZhejiangprovince,

spreadingthespiritsofCHBLandinspiringitsplayerstobecomerolemodelsnotonlyonthebasketballcourt,but

alsointheireverydaylives.

FamousfemalebasketballplayerIlanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionofusedshoesand

expressedhersupportfbrtheprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,secretarygeneralof

theCSSF,saysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheirbasketballskillsbutalso

promotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.

uInadditiontoexpandingtheleague'ssizeandinfluence,wchavealsoaddedenvironmentaleducationinto

theprogram.Environmentaleducationplaysanimportantroleinshapingsociety'scorevalues.Itguidesyoung

individualstowardunderstandingtheimportanceofenvironmentalissues,formingaproperattitudeonthe

relationshipbetweenhumansandnature,andraisingtheirenvironmentalawarenessandpractices.Itservesasan

endlesssourceofdevelopingenvironmentalconsciousnessthroughoutsociety.^^

Theconstructionoftheeco-friendlybasketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike'scommitmentto

supportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputtingenvironmentalsustainability(持續(xù)性)atthefirstplace

8.Whichistrueaboutthebasketballcourtmentioned?

A.Iti$builtbyNikewithoutanyhelpB.Itisbuiltoutofrecycledsportshoes

C.IthasalreadybeenputintouseD.Itdoesharmtotheenvironment

9.WhatisHanXuandZhangLei'sattitudetowardthebasketballcourt?

A.DoubtfulB.NegativeC.IndifferentD.Supportive

10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.CHBLattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentprotection.

B.Nikebuildssuchabasketballcourtformakingmoremoney.

C.Onlybasketballplayersbenefitfromtheconstructionofthecourt.

D.Environmentaleducationhasnoconnectionwithsociety'scorevalues.

11.Whatisprobablythebesttitle?

A.WaystoRecycleThrown-awaySportShoesEffectively

B.TheImportanceofJointlyProtectingtheEnvironment

C.Eco-fricndlyBasketballCourttobeCompletedinGuangzhou

D.TheBenefitsofLivinginHarmonywithNatureforHumans

【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。在5月14日舉行的2022-23中國(guó)高中藍(lán)球聯(lián)賽全國(guó)總決賽上，運(yùn)動(dòng)服裝巨頭耐

克宣布將建造一個(gè)使用回收運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋作為原材料的環(huán)?；@球場(chǎng)，這一活動(dòng)得到各方人士的大力支持，標(biāo)志著

耐克在支持年輕籃球迷的同時(shí)，將環(huán)境可持續(xù)性放在首位的承諾邁出了重要的一步。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Atthe2022-23ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalson

May14,sportsweargiantNikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatuses

recycledsneakersasrawmaterials.(在5月14日舉行的2022-23中國(guó)高中籃球聯(lián)賽(CHBL)全國(guó)總決賽上，運(yùn)

動(dòng)服裝巨頭耐克宣布將建造一個(gè)使用回收運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋為原材料的環(huán)保型籃球場(chǎng)。)”可知，文中提到的籃球場(chǎng)是

由回收的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋建造的。故選B。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“FamousfemalebasketballplayerHanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionof

usedshoesandexpressedhersupportfor(heprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,

secretarygeneraloftheCSSEsaysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheir

basketballskillsbutalsopromotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.（著名女籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員韓

旭積極參與舊鞋收集活動(dòng)，并通過(guò)個(gè)人社交媒體渠道表達(dá)了對(duì)該項(xiàng)目的支持。中國(guó)籃球聯(lián)合會(huì)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)張磊

表示，中國(guó)籃球聯(lián)合會(huì)不僅幫助年輕球員和青少年提高籃球技術(shù)，而且還促進(jìn)了校園籃球文化的發(fā)展。）”

可知，韓旭和張磊對(duì)環(huán)?；@球場(chǎng)持支持態(tài)度。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Inadditiontoexpandingtheleague'ssizeandinfluence,wchavealsoadded

environmentaleducationintotheprogram.（除了擴(kuò)大聯(lián)盟的規(guī)模和影響力，我們還在項(xiàng)目中加入了環(huán)境教

育。）可知，CHBL在聯(lián)賽中加入了環(huán)境教育，可見(jiàn)非常重視環(huán)境保護(hù)。故選A。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中“ThecourlisscheduledlobecompletedinGuangzhoubyihe

endofJuly.（該球場(chǎng)將于今年7月底在廣州完工。）”和最后一段"Theconstructionoftheeco-friendly

basketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike'scommitmenttosupportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputting

environmentalsustainability（持續(xù)性）atthefirstplace.（環(huán)?；@球場(chǎng)的建設(shè)標(biāo)志著耐克在支持年輕籃球迷的同

時(shí)，將環(huán)境可持續(xù)性放在首位的承諾邁出了重要的一步。）可知，本文主要講述了將在廣州完工的由耐克公

司建造的環(huán)?；@球場(chǎng)，C項(xiàng)"Eco-friendlyBasketballCourttobeCompletedinGuangzhou（廣州環(huán)?；@球場(chǎng)

即將竣工）”符合題意。故選C。

D

Alargeamountofgreatscientificdiscoveriesisnotactuallydiscoveredbutborrowed.Thatwasthecasewhen

scientistsdiscoveredproteinsfromanunlikelylender:greenalgae（綠藻）,whosecellsaremodifiedwithproteins

thatcansenselight.

Thelight-sensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneurons（神經(jīng)元）byprovidingawaytoturnthemon

andoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichwere

geneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbecomelight-controlled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneuron

tosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent."Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded/'saysZhuo-Hua

Pan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice'seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogcnetics

（光遺傳學(xué)）.

InPan'slab,light-responsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnow

ledtoamedicaltestonpeople.Optogenetics,promisewasn'tclearinearlydays,asscientistswerefirstlearning

howtousetheseproteinsinneurons.*4Atthattime,nooneexpectedthatthisoptogeneticworkwouldhavesucha

hugeimpact,“Pansays.

Thealgae'slightsensorshavebeenadoptedforuseincountlessbrainresearchfields.Talia,anotherscientist,

usesoplogeneticstostudyconnectionsbetweencellsinthemousebrain.Themethodallowshertocombthe

relationshipsbetweencellsthatproduceandrespondtodopamine（多巴胺），whichmighthelpuncoverdetails

aboutmotivationandlearning.

Sofar,optogcneticsresearchhastakenplacemostlyinmice.Butfindingsintomorecomplexbrainslike

humanbrainmaysoonbeconfirmed.4tWearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthe

humanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,saysYasmineofColumbia

University.

Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforever

inthealgae'sdebt.

12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Theoriginofneurons.B.Thevarietiesofneurons.

C.Thediscoveryofgreenalgae.D.Theinspirationfromgreenalgae.

13.WhatcanwelearnfromPan'sresearch?

A.Thefindingsareusedtocurebraindiseases.

B.Impairedeyesightislikelytoberestored.

C.Relationshipsbetweencellshavebeenfound.

D.Thelight-sensingproteinisthekeytothebrain.

14.What'sYasmine'sattitudetowardsthefutureofherresearch?

A.Confident.B.Cautious.C.Critical.D.Unclear.

15.Whichsectionisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?

A.Health.D.Botany.C.Figure.D.Invenl沁n.

【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾螐木G藻中發(fā)現(xiàn)能感知無(wú)的蛋白質(zhì)，并利用這些蛋白

質(zhì)進(jìn)行神經(jīng)元的控制。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thelight-sensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneuronsbyproviding

awaytolumthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaught（heattentionofbrainscientists:

Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbecomelight-controlled.Aflashoflight

couldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent."Thisisthelightsensorthatwe

needed,saysZhuo-HuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice'seyes.Themethodis

nowcalledoptogenetics.（這種光感應(yīng)蛋白通過(guò)提供開(kāi)關(guān)來(lái)控制神經(jīng)元，從而保證了控制神經(jīng)元的能力。這

種能力在2002年首次被注意到，并迅速引起了腦科學(xué)家的注意：通過(guò)基因工程產(chǎn)生這種蛋白質(zhì)的神經(jīng)細(xì)

胞變得光控。一道閃光可以使一個(gè)安靜的神經(jīng)元發(fā)出信號(hào)，或者迫使一個(gè)活躍的神經(jīng)元停止活動(dòng)?！斑@就

是我們需要的光傳感器，”科學(xué)家潘卓華說(shuō)，他正在尋找一種控制老鼠眼睛視覺(jué)細(xì)胞的方法。這種方法現(xiàn)

在被稱為光遺傳學(xué)。）”可知，第二段主要講來(lái)自綠藻的啟發(fā)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中"InPan'slab,light-responsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamaged

eyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.（在潘的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，光反應(yīng)蛋白使視力受損的老

鼠恢復(fù)了視力，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)已用于人體醫(yī)學(xué)試驗(yàn)。）”可知，根據(jù)Pan的研究，受損的視力有可能得到恢

復(fù)。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“"Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciples

ofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,MsaysYasmineof

ColumbiaUniversity.（哥倫比亞大學(xué)的Yasmine說(shuō)：“我們無(wú)疑即將揭開(kāi)人類大腦的一些迷人原理，比如大

腦是如何將來(lái)自眼睛的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)化為感知的。可知，Yasmine對(duì)她研究的未來(lái)充滿信心。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)文章最后一段話"Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,

onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae'sdebt.（無(wú)論這個(gè)快速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生

什么，有一件事是肯定的：大腦科學(xué)家將永遠(yuǎn)欠藻類的債。）”可知，文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾螐木G藻

中發(fā)現(xiàn)能感知光的蛋白質(zhì)，并利用這些蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行神經(jīng)元的控制，文章與生命健康有關(guān)。由此推知，短文

來(lái)自健康專欄。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題海小題2.5分，共12?5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

What'syourfeelingifyourfriendrecommendsacomedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseof

humor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.16

YetaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarcbornwithorwithout.

17Whafsmore,findingourfunnysidesmakesusappearmorecompetentandconfident,strengthens

relationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesituation.18

IturnedtoAakerandBagdonasandtheyagreedtoteachmehowtofindmyfunnybones.Inourfirstcall,we

discussthecommonmisconceptionsthatstopmanyofusinourcomedytracks.Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebelief

thathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyalwork.19.But98%ofthelopexecutivessay

theypreferemployeeswithasenseofhumorand84%ofbossesbelievethoseemployeesdobetterwork.

Theyaresoconvincedofthepowerofhumorthattheyalsoadvocateitsabilitytohelppeopleavoiddifficult

situations.20Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzleare

twiceaslikelytobesuccessfulandwhenwcdomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositive

impactonourpsychology.Ittakesoffthepressureandifyoushowcolleaguesthatyouaren'tafraidtolaughat

yourownmistakes,they,llfeelsaferowninguptotheirs.

A.Rather,itcanbedevelopedgradually.

B.Weworryaboutnotbeingtakenseriously.

C.Ifyoufeeluncomfortablemakingthejokes,leavethemtosomeoneelse.

D.Everyjokefollowsthefundamentalstructureofsetupandpunchline.

E.Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupfbrthehumorcourse.

ESomepeoplejustaren'tfunnyandI'moneofthem.

G.Humorhasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativity.

【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.B20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幽默的好處。

【16題詳解】

由上文“What'syourfeelingifyourfriendrecommendsacomedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseof

humor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.（如果你的朋友向你推薦一個(gè)喜劇班，暗示你缺乏幽默感，你會(huì)作何感想？我

會(huì)感到沮喪。）”可知，上文指出作者感覺(jué)很沮喪，空處應(yīng)該是解釋作者為什么沮喪，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Somepeople

justaren'tfbnnyand15moneofthem.（有些人就是不女了笑，而我就是其中之一）”符合題意，承接上文。故選

Fo

【17題詳解】

由上文“YelaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarebornwithor

wilhou"然而，根據(jù)JenniferAaker和NaomiBagdonas的說(shuō)法，幽默不是與生俱來(lái)的）”可知，上文說(shuō)幽默

不是與生俱來(lái)的，空處應(yīng)該是說(shuō)明幽默是可以逐漸培養(yǎng)的，A選項(xiàng)"Rather,iicanbedevelopedgradually.

（相反，它可以逐步發(fā)展）”承接上文，符合題意，故選A。

【18題詳解】

由上文"What'smore,findingourfiinnysidesmakesusappearmorecompetentandconfident,strengthens

relationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesiluaiion.（更重要的是，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們

有趣的一面會(huì)讓我們看起來(lái)更有能力和自信，加強(qiáng)人際關(guān)系，釋放創(chuàng)造力，讓我們更討人喜歡。它在任何

生活情況下都有幫助。）”可知，此處介紹了幽默的好處，因?yàn)橛哪羞@么多好處，所以人們才愿意報(bào)一些

幽默課程，E選項(xiàng)“Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupfor（hehumorcourse.（這就解釋了為什么人們，

會(huì)急切地報(bào)名參加幽默課程）”承接上文，和上文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選E。

【19題詳解】

由上文“Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebeliefthathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyatwork.（Aaker

說(shuō)，首先要相信幽默在某些情況下沒(méi)有立足之地，尤其是在工作中。）”可知，Aaker說(shuō)幽默在某些情況下

沒(méi)有立足之地，尤其是在工作中，空處應(yīng)該是解釋為什么Aaker會(huì)這么說(shuō)，B選項(xiàng)“Weworryaboutnot

being:akenseriously/我們擔(dān)心別人不把我們當(dāng)回事）”符合題意，即在某些情況下人們是不能幽默的，因

為我們擔(dān)心說(shuō)一些幽默的話，別人會(huì)把我們不當(dāng)回事。故選B。

【20題詳解】

由下文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzlearetwiceaslikelyto

besuccessfulandwhenwedomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositiveimpactonour

psychology.（研究表明，在解謎前看搞笑視頻的人成功的可能性是常人的兩倍，當(dāng)我們犯錯(cuò)時(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)笑對(duì)我

們的心理有積極的影響。）”可知，幽默能提高人們的創(chuàng)造力，使人們更有可能獲取成功，G選項(xiàng)“Humor

hasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativily.（幽默已經(jīng)被證明可以提高創(chuàng)造力）”對(duì)下文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，指出幽默的好

處，其中“proved"和下文“Researchshews”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完型填空（共15題，每題1分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

Eightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwatchingthesunriseatthewaterfront.call

itlifcrising'becauseitmakesme21beforestartingmyday,“saidNixon.

Laterawomansaidsomethingthatchangedhisonhisdailyroutine.uShesaid.4EverymorningwhenIsee

you22here,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,^^^Nixonrecalled,"That'swhenIknew:Ineeded

tomakeeyecontactandletpeoplewalkingpastknowthatweare23toeachother.”

Insteadofstaringatthesunrise,Nixonstarted24atpeopleandstrikingup25.Andsoon,

moreearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes26theirtroubles,askinghimforadvice

aboutrelationships,careers,and27problems.

“Iwashappytolisten,5,Nixonsaid."Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn'thavetofeel

28

So,everymorning,Nixonrisesat4:30.Hedrivessevenmilestothewaterfron