2024年中考一模 英語（湖南省卷專用）（全解全析 A4）

2024年中考第一次模擬考試（湖南省卷）英語（考試時間：90分鐘試卷滿分：100分）注意事項：1、答題前，請考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫清楚，并認真核對條形碼上的姓名、準考證號、考室和座位號；2、必須在答題卡上答題，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效；3、答題時，請考生注意各大題題號后面的答題提示；4、請勿折疊答題卡，保持字體工整、筆跡清晰、卡面清潔;5、答題卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改膠和貼紙；6、本學科試卷中聽力材料以中速朗讀兩遍。I．聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項回答問題。聽每段對話前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。（共5小題，計5分）1.Whatclassisthemantaking?A．PianolessonB.BasketballlessonC.Paper-cuttinglesson【答案】C【原文】M.--I'mtakingapapercuttingclass.I'vecutatigerandahorseoutofpaper.W--Soundsfun.IfIhavethechance,I'mgoingtocutoutamonkey.2.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?

A.SwimmingB.PlayingfootballC.Rowingaboat【答案】C【原文】W.--Didyougoclimbingandswimminglastweekendasplanned?M.--No.Instead,Ipracticerowingaboatforthecomingdragonboatfestival.3.Whattimeisitnow?A.4:45.

B.5:00.

C.5:15.【答案】A【原文】M--Whattimedoesthefilmstart?W--Atfiveo'clock.Oh,hurryup.It'salreadyaquartertofivenow.4.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Excited. B.Worried. C.Moved.【答案】A【原文】M--Howdoyoufeelaboutthecomingnewterm,Lucy?W--Well,I'mreallylookingforwardtoit.Ican'twaittoseemyfriendsagain.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inabookshop. C.Inahospital.【答案】B【原文】M--Excuseme,howcanIfindthebooktheoldmanandthesea?W--Sorry,I'mafraidithasbeensoldout.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面6段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第六段材料，回答第6、7題。6. HowwasMary’striptoBeijing? A.Tiring. B.Wonderful. C.Terrible.7. WhichplacedidMarylikebest? A.TheSummerPalace. B.TheForbiddenCity. C.TheGreatWall.【答案】6.B7.C【原文】M:Hello,Mary.HowwasyoutriptoBeijinglastmonth?W:Wonderful!M:Whatdidyoudothere?W:IvisitedtheBirds'Nest,theSummerPalaceandtheForbiddenCity,buttheGreatWallwasmyfavoritepart.聽第七段材料，回答第8、9題。8. WhatisAnna’sproblem? A.Shecan’tspeakEnglishwell.B.Shehasdifficultyinmath. C.Herteacheristoostrict.9. WhowillhelpAnna? A.Theboy. B.Hermom. C.Hermathteacher.【答案】8.B9.A【原文】M:Howisitgoing,Anna?W:Terrible!Iamhavingsomeproblemswithmymath.It'stoodifficultforme.M:Whynotaskyourmathteacherforhelp?W:Sheistoobusy.Therearealwaysstudentsaroundher.M:Don'tworry.Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.聽第八段材料，回答第10、11題。10. Whatdidthedoctoraskthemantoeat? A.Cakes. B.Seafood. C.Vegetables.11. Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout? A.Thedoctor’sadvice. B.Freshfruit. C.Healthydrinks.【答案】10.C11.A【原文】M:ThedoctorjusttoldmetobecarefulaboutthethingsIeat.W:Likewhat?M:Well,hetoldmetoeatmorevegetables,nomorecakesorseafood.W:Oh!Vegetables.Ioftenhavetomatoes.M:Andthedoctoralsotoldmenottodrinkanycoffee.That'sdifficult.Ilovemycoffeeinthemorning.W:Iknowwhatyoumean,butdrinkingtoomuchcoffeeisnotgoodforyourhealth.聽第九段材料，回答第12至14題。12. Whatistheboydoing? A.Doinghishomework. B.Playingagame. C.Readingabook.13. Whencantheboyplaygamesaccordingtohismom? A.Afterfinishinghishomework.B.Aftereatingdinner. C.Aftergrowingup. 14. Whatdoestheboythinkoftherules? A.Reasonable. B.Enjoyable. C.Boring.【答案】12.B13.A14.C【原文】W:Honey,haveyoudoneyourhomework?M:Notyet.W:Then,whyareyouplayingthegameagain?M:Thisismyfavoritegame.W:Goanddoyourhomework.Youcanplayitafteryoufinishyourhomework.M:Butthegamewillbeoverthen.W:Therewillbeanothergame.M:Mom,please!W:Youknowtherules.M:Rules,rules,rules,Igetboredwiththem.聽第十段材料，回答第15至17題。15. WheredoesMikethinkhelosthisearphones? A.Onthebus. B.Inthelibrary. C.Attheairport.16. HowdoesthegirlhelpMike? A.Byfindinghimhisearphones. B.Bylendinghimherearphones. C.Bybuyinghimnewearphones. 17. WhatwillMikedotonight? A.Visitasupermarket. B.Watchamovie. C.Meethissister.【答案】15.A16.B17.A【原文】W:Hey,Mike.HaveyouheardDavid'snewsong?M:No.Ilostmyearphonesjustnow.IthinkIleftthemonthebus.W:Areyousureyoudidn'tleavetheminthelibrary?M:Idon'tthinkso.IamsureIhadtheminmypocketwhenIleftthere.W:Youcanborrowmineandkeepthemuntiltomorrow.Ihaveanotherpairinmybag.M:Thankyou.W:Youarewelcome.Let'slistentothenewsong.M:I'dloveto,butnowIhavetopickupmysisterattheairport.Iwilllistentoitintheafternoon.W:Ok!Don'tforgettobuynewearphones.M:Iwill.Iamgoingtogetonepairinthesupermarkettonight.聽第十一段材料，回答第18至20題。18. WherewasPeppaPigmade? A.IntheUSA. B.InAustralia. C.IntheUK.19. WhatdoesPeppaliketodo? A.Ridebikesandswim. B.HangoutwithGoorge. C.WatchTVshows. 20. Whoisgoodatworkingonthecomputer? A.Peppa’sdad B.Peppa’smom. C.Peppa’sbrother.【答案】18．C

19．B

20．B【原文】PappaPigisachildren'sTVshowmadeintheUK,whichisalsopopularintheUSA,AustraliaandeveninChina.Itbeganin2004andithasbeenshownin180differentcountriesaroundtheworld.TheshowisaboutthelifeofayoungpignamedPappa.Shelikestodressup.Sheisusuallyseeninherfavoritereddress.Pappahasmanydifferentanimalfriends.Theyenjoyplayingtogethereveryday.Pappalikestodomanyfunactivities,suchasbikingandswimming.Sheliveswithherfamilyinabigyellowhouseonthehill.ShehasalittlebrothercalledGoerge.GeorgewearsablueT-shirtandcriesalot.DadPigwearscoolglassesandlikestolaugh.AndMomPigisgoodatworkingonhercomputer.II．閱讀（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2分，滿分22分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項。AMountainFilmFestivalFridayNovember15,7:00p.m.to11:00p.m.OpeningNightPRICE:

$35(online),$40(atthedoor)

LOCATION:

MainAuditorium,LakeWanakaCentreAwelcomespeechbyFestivalDirectorMarkSedon.Thefilmcompetitionawardceremony(頒獎典禮).Apopularandsocialevening!SaturdayNovember16,3:30p.m.to6:30p.m.MountainCulture&EnvironmentShow

PRICE:

$17(online),$20(atthedoor)LOCATION:

QueenstownMemorialCentreThisyear’sBestEnvironmentalFilmawardwinnerexplores(探索)somewaystodealwithwaterpollution.Thisfilmwillmakeyouthink,thinkandthink!SaturdayandSunday,November16&17

FilmSchoolPRICE:

Adults$195,Youths$150LOCATION:

FaulksRoom,LakeWanakaCentreOurFilmSchoolhasbeenrunningsince2011.Thistwo-daycourseoffersahands-on(實際操作的)introductiontofilm-makinginasmallgroup.Noexperiencerequired.21.OpeningNightwilllastfor_______hour(s).A.5

B.4

C.3

22.TheticketforMountainCulture&EnvironmentShowonlineis_______cheaperthanthatatthedoor.A.$3

B.$5

C.$17

23.WhatcanpeopledoatFilmSchool?A.Watchsomefilms.

B.Meetfamousactors.C.Learnfilm-makingskills.參考答案：材料介紹了MountainFilmFestival的活動安排、票價、地點等相關(guān)情況。21.B。本小題考查學生查找細節(jié)信息和簡單計算的能力。由第一欄中的時間7:00p.m.to11:00p.m.可知答案。22.A。本小題考查學生查找細節(jié)信息和簡單計算的能力。由倒數(shù)第二欄PRICE信息可知網(wǎng)上售價是＄17，而現(xiàn)場售價是＄20，通過計算可知網(wǎng)上要比現(xiàn)場便宜＄3，故選A。23.C。本小題考查學生查找細節(jié)信息的能力。由最后一欄中的offersahands-on(實際操作的)introductiontofilm-making可知答案為C。BSoleilisamusicianfromCambodia(柬埔寨).Everyweekdayshepickshersonupfromschool.Herhusbandisworkingabroad,andsheandhersonarelivingwithherparentsinpeace.ThisisatypicalCambodianfamily,whereeveryonelivestogetherandeverythingisshared.Asanadultwoman,it'sSoleil'sresponsibilitytolookafterthefamily.Butonmostdays,shehasanevenmoreimportantjobtodo.Everyafternoon,thetheaterthatrunstheplaySmileofAngkorhasarehearsal(排練)beforetheperformance.Allthelocalperformersarerequiredtobethere.Theshowrunsdailyalmostallyeararound.Soeveryoneoftheperformersknowstheirmovementsbyheart.Soleilwasamongthefirsttojointhetheatergroupandhasbeenherealmosteverydayforthelast13years.AlthoughSoleilenjoyslivingwithherlargefamily,shestillwantstohaveherownplace.Sheandherhusbandjustboughtanewhouselastyear.Buttheystilldon'thaveenoughmoneytofurnish(裝修)itproperly.Allshewantsistogivehersonamorecomfortableenvironmenttogrowupin.Eachperformanceatthetheaterputsheronestepclosertothatdream.TheplaySmileofAngkoristhemostfamousperformanceinCambodia.Itisalwayslistedasa"must-see"bytourists.AlthoughthetheaterwasfoundedbyacompanyfromChina,alloftheperformersherearelocals.Toimprovethelookoftheperformance,thetheaterhasbroughtinChineseexpertstohelpwiththestagedesign.SothebeautyofCambodianculturecanbefullydisplayed.13yearsofperformancesshowthesuccessoftheeffortsofChinesepeopleandCambodiansworkinghandinhand.24.WhatkindoflifedoesSolielliveaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Surprising. B.Common. C.Unhappy.25.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Soleilthinksworkismoreimportantthanfamily.B.Soleilneedstoperforminthetheatereveryday.C.Soleilwasoneofthefirstpeopletojointhetheater.26.WhatcanweknowabouttheplaySmileofAngkor?A.Ithasbeenverypopularwithtourists.B.ItwascreatedbyaChinesecompany.C.Itisthemostfamousplayintheworld.27.What‘sthemeaningofunderlinedword“displayed”？A.消失 B.改變 C.展示參考答案：柬埔寨的戲劇《吳哥的微笑》是在中國的幫助下發(fā)展起來的，現(xiàn)在已成為游客的必看節(jié)目。Soleil是戲劇《吳哥的微笑》的表演者之一，參加這個戲劇不僅讓Soleil有機會享受自己的興趣，也幫助她逐漸實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想：給兒子一個更舒適的成長環(huán)境。24.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，Soleil每個工作日都會去學校接兒子。她的丈夫在國外工作，她和兒子與她的父母和睦共處。這是一個典型的柬埔寨家庭，每個人都生活在一起，所有東西都是共享的。由此可推知，Soleil過著一種很典型的普通生活。25.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“Soleilwasamongthefirsttojointhetheatergroup”可知，Soleil是第一批加入劇團的人之一。26.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句“TheplaySmileofAngkoristhemostfamousperformanceinCambodia.Itisalwayslistedasa‘must-see’bytourists.”可知，《吳哥的微笑》是柬埔寨最著名的戲劇。它總是被游客列為“必看節(jié)目”。由此可推知，《吳哥的微笑》很受游客歡迎。27.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句的上一句“Toimprovethelookoftheperformance,thetheaterhasbroughtinChineseexpertstohelpwiththestagedesign.”可知，為了改善演出的效果，劇團請來了中國專家來協(xié)助舞臺設(shè)計：再根據(jù)畫線詞前的“SothebeautyofCambodianculture”可知，此處是在表述中國專家協(xié)助設(shè)計舞臺帶來的影響，故此處指因此柬埔寨文化之美才得以充分展示。CInoursolarsystem(太陽系)，someplanetshaveagreatnumberofmoons(衛(wèi)星)whilesomehavenone.Recentlyscientistshavediscovered12moremoonsgoingaroundJupiter(木星）.ThatmeansJupiternowhasatotalof92moons,morethananyotherplanetinoursolarsystem.ScottSheppardwasamemberoftheteamthatmadethelatestdiscoveries.Thenewmoonswerefoundusingtelescopes(望遠鏡）inHawaiiandChile.Sheppardsaid,“Ihopewecantakeclearphotosofoneofthesemoonsinthenearfuturetobetterunderstandit.”Jupiter'snewlydiscoveredmoonsarebetweenoneandthreekilometersinsize.Theyhavenotyetbeennamed,ashalfofthemaretoosmall—lessthan1.5kilometers—toownaname.Sheppardhasalreadytakenpartin70moondiscoveriesforJupiter.HealsodiscoveredmoonsgoingaroundSaturn（土星）.Ithadbeentheplanetwiththemostmoonsuntilthemostrecentannouncement.Itnowisknowntohave83moons.Saturnheldthetoppositionsince2019whenSheppard'steamdiscovered20moremoons.Beforethat,Jupiterwasthesolarsystem'sleaderwith79moons.SheppardexpectstokeepaddingmoonstobothJupiterandSaturninthefuture.UranusandNeptunealsohavemanysmallmoons.ButtheyaremuchfartherfromEarth.sodiscoveringnewmoonsaroundthoseplanetsismoredifficult.Thisyear,theEuropeanSpaceAgencyhassentaspaceshiptoexploreJupiter.Thespaceship,calledJUICE,tookoffinApril.ThetaskistomakefurtherresearchonJupiteranditsthreelargemoons.28.AccordingtoParagraph2,Sheppardwantedto___inthenearfuture.A.lookformorenewmoons B.takeclearphotosofonemoonC.studyoneofthenewmoons29.Thenewmoonsdon’thavenamesbecause____.A.theyarehardtostudy B.theyarenewlydiscoveredC.someofthemarenotbigenough30.HowmanyofSaturn'smoonswerediscoveredbefore2019?A.63 B.83. C.79.31.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Itisdifficulttodiscovernewmoons. B.JUICEistryingtofindoutnewplanets.C.MoreresearchisbeingdoneonJupiter.參考答案：近日，科學家們又發(fā)現(xiàn)了12顆圍繞木星運行的衛(wèi)星。這意味著木星現(xiàn)在總共有92顆衛(wèi)星，成為目前太陽系中衛(wèi)星最多的行星。28.B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ihopewecantakeclearphotosofoneofthesemoonsinthenearfuturetobetterunderstandit."可知，Sheppard希望能在不久的將來拍攝到其中一顆衛(wèi)星的清晰照片，以便更好地研究它。29.C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theyhavenotyetbeennamed,ashalfofthemaretoosmall—lessthan1.5kilometers—toownaname.”可知，這些衛(wèi)星還沒有被命名，因為它們中的一半都太小了，不到1.5千米。故因為一些衛(wèi)星不夠大，所以它們沒被命名。30.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Itnowisknowntohave83moons.Saturnheldthetoppositionsince2019whenSheppard'steamdiscovered20moremoons.”可知，目前已知土星有83顆衛(wèi)星。自2019年Sheppard的團隊又發(fā)現(xiàn)了20顆衛(wèi)星以來，土星一直位居榜首。所以土星在2019年之前有63顆衛(wèi)星。31.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，名為JUICE的宇宙飛船于4月發(fā)射.此次任務(wù)是對木星及其三顆大衛(wèi)星進行詳細觀測。所以人類正在對木星進行更多的研究。第二節(jié)(共4小題；每小題2分，滿分8分)HowtoImproveYourReadingLearninghowtoreadwellinEnglishmightnotbeaneasytask.____32____ReadingwellinEnglishisusefulformanyreasons,notonlyfortakingtests.IfyouwanttoimproveyourreadinginEnglish,thefollowingarejustforyou!Chooserightreadingmaterials(材料).Therearesomanychoices!Therearetextbooksandgradedreaders,buttherearealsoalotmorebooksyoucanread.____33____Hereisagoodruletofollow:choosereadingmaterialswhereyouunderstandatleast80%ofthecontent(內(nèi)容).Beintentional(意圖明確的).Beingintentionalmeansdoingsomethingonpurposewithareasoninmind.Withreading,youneedtobeintentionalbysettingareadingaim.Decideonacertainnumberofpagesyouwanttoreadeachday.____34____Tomakesureyourdailypracticegetsdone,sparesometimeandputitinyourstudyplan!Don’ttrytounderstandeverything.Asyou’repracticingyourreading,youneedtoacceptthefactthatyoumightnotunderstandeverysingleword,andthat’sOK!Yourbraincan’tlearnsomanynewthingsatonetime.It’smoreimportanttogetthebigpictureofwhatyouarereading.____35____A.Readwordgroups.B.Don’tchooseabookthatistooeasyortoodifficult.C.Youcouldalsobeintentionalwithplanningatimetoread.D.Butit’ssomethingyou’llhavetodoonyourlanguagelearningjourney.E.Andyoucangobacktocheckthenewthingsyoudon’tunderstandlater.參考答案：本文是一篇說明文，介紹如何提高你的閱讀。32.根據(jù)“LearninghowtoreadwellinEnglishmightnotbeaneasytask.”可知，學習如何用英語閱讀可能不是一件容易的事，但確是必做的事。選項D“但這是你在學習語言的過程中必須要做的?！狈险Z境，故選D。33.根據(jù)“Chooserightreadingmaterials.”和“choosereadingmaterialswhereyouunderstandatleast80%ofthecontent”可知，本段就選擇正確的閱讀材料給出建議，建議選擇至少理解80%內(nèi)容的閱讀材料，選項B“不要選擇太容易或太難的書。”符合語境，故選B。34.根據(jù)“Decideonacertainnumberofpagesyouwanttoreadeachday.”可知，確定你每天要讀的頁數(shù)，此處與計劃相關(guān)，選項C“你也可以有意識地計劃一個閱讀時間。”符合語境，故選C。35.根據(jù)“Asyou’repracticingyourreading,youneedtoacceptthefactthatyoumightnotunderstandeverysingleword,andthat’sOK!”可知，當你在練習閱讀時，你需要接受你可能不理解每個單詞的事實，這沒關(guān)系！可以讀完再回頭檢查不理解的部分，選項E“你可以回頭檢查你不理解的新東西?！狈险Z境，故選E。III．語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ilovetheocean.IliveinMontreal,Canada,farawayfromtheocean.ItmakesitevenmoreadreamlandformeandItrytovisit36onceayear.I’vebeendoingitforthelast20years.

WhenIwas37,Iwouldpickupshells(貝殼)androcksandbringthembackhome.SoIhadtonsoftheminmyroom.ButasIvisitedtheoceanmoreandmore,Istartedpickingupthe38

leftbypeopleinsteadofpickingupoceantreasure.ImadesuchachangeafterI39

myselfaboutmyoldhabit.Ithelpedme40thatastoneyoufindintheoceanhasawonderfulcolorthatmakesyoupickitup.Butthen,whenitdries,youdon’tfinditaslovelyanymore,41

whypickitupinthefirstplace?Anyway,Ijustrealizedthen,thatnaturalthings,are42

intheirnaturalsurroundings(環(huán)境)andifeverybodypickedeveryshellfromtheocean,andleftthelitteroutthere,thebeachwouldbecomesomethingnotsoniceveryshortly.SoI43thatday,Iwasprobably28or29,thatIwouldjust“borrow”thingsfromtheocean,andbringthembackafterawhile,sincethe44ofshellsdoessomuchgoodforme.I45thequantity(數(shù)量)andkeepittoaminimum(最少量).Soifyou’veseenastrangeladypickinguplitterandthrowingshellsbackintotheocean,fromaboxorabag,itwasprobablyme.36.A.atlast

B.bymistake

C.atleast37.A.younger

B.stronger

C.taller

38.A.gifts

B.litter

C.material

39.A.explained

B.supported

C.questioned

40.A.realize

B.expect

C.imagine

41.A.or

B.so

C.but

42.A.nice

B.ugly

C.quiet

43.A.hadatry B.madeadecision

C.gotasurprise44.A.price

B.history

C.beauty

45.A.influence B.control

C.describe

參考答案：作者由撿貝殼到撿垃圾的轉(zhuǎn)變，表明作者要保護環(huán)境，還大自然以美好的決心。36.C。atleastonceayear表示“至少一年一次”。37.A。第一段作者提到自己每年去海邊一次已經(jīng)堅持了20年，第二段一開頭就開始回憶自己“小時候”去海邊撿貝殼的情景，故選younger。38.B。由倒數(shù)第三段最后一句中的leftthelitteroutthere及最后一段第二句中的pickinguplitter可知答案。39.C?！拔摇币郧皳熵悮ぃ髞碚J識到大自然的美應(yīng)該被維護，逐漸對自己撿貝殼的行為有所“質(zhì)疑”，然后由撿貝殼變成了撿垃圾。40.A。這種改變讓“我”“認識到”一點：被你從海里撿起的石頭是因為它顏色多彩才吸引到你。41.B。當從海里撿起來的東西干了之后，你發(fā)現(xiàn)它不再可愛，“那么”你當初為什么要撿呢？42.A。由本句末尾的becomesomethingnotsonice可知撿走貝殼，留下垃圾就不nice了，因此貝殼(自然的東西)在自然的環(huán)境中(大海中)才是nice的，故選A。43.B?！拔摇闭J識到應(yīng)該撿走垃圾，留下貝殼，保持大自然的美，因此“做出決定”：以后要把大自然的東西還回大自然。44.C?！拔摇睂⒇悮み€回大海，是因為它的“美”。45.B。“我”不再用貝殼之后，會把它還回大海，因此“我”會把它保持到最少量，故選control，表示“控制”所撿貝殼的數(shù)量。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tianwen-1carriesoutChina’sfirstautonomousMarsexplorationmission(自主火星探測任務(wù)).OnthemorningofMay15,it____46____(success)landedonMars.ZhangRongqiao,thechiefdesigner,wassoexcitedthathecouldn’thelpcrying.Zhangwaschosenasoneofthetoptenpeople“whohelpedshapescience”in2021bytheBritishmagazineNature.HebecametheonlyChineseonthis____47____(year)list.UndertheleadershipofZhang,China____48____(take)abigstepinspaceexplorationalready.IntheMarsmission,Zhangledateamofthousandsof____49____(research).Theteamwasresponsible____50____technicalworklikeflightcontrolandscientificresearchonMars.Thereweremanychallenges.Theyknewlittleabout____51____specialenvironmentofMars.“Wemaynotevenknowwhatwedonotknowabout,”Zhangsaid.Duringtheprocess,Zhangguidedtheteamtomakethedecisionthatsentanorbiter(軌道飛行器),alander(著陸器)andarover(探測器)toMarstogetherinonetime—makingChinathe____52____(one)countrytodoso.“That’sagreatprogress____53____Chinaisdoinginasinglego,whichtookNASAseveraltensofyearstodo,”saidRobertoOrosei.ZhangalsomadetheimportantdecisiontolandonUtopiaPlanitia,whereitisbelievedthereare____54____(usual)terrains(地形)forscientiststostudythanelsewhere.Hehopesthatthemissioncandoasmuchresearchaspossibleandbringback“rich”information.Wehavereasonstobelievethatabetterandbrighterfutureofhumanspaceflight____55____(build)throughourhardwork.參考答案：本文講述了天問一號執(zhí)行中國首次自主火星探測任務(wù)，在5月15日上午成功登陸火星，它的總設(shè)計師是張榮橋。46．句意：5月15日上午，它成功登陸火星。用來修飾空后的動詞“l(fā)anded”所以用副詞修飾動詞。故填successfully。47．句意：他成為今年榜單上唯一的中國人。根據(jù)空后的“l(fā)ist”可知，這里表示在“今年的”榜單上，用所有格形式。故填year’s。48．句意：在張的領(lǐng)導下，中國已經(jīng)在太空探索方面邁出了一大步。根據(jù)句子中的“already”可知，是現(xiàn)在完成時，主語是單數(shù)名詞，助動詞用has，故填hastaken。49．句意：在火星任務(wù)中，張榮橋帶領(lǐng)了一個由數(shù)千名研究人員組成的團隊。根據(jù)句子中的“Zhangledateamof”可知這里表示帶領(lǐng)一組“研究人員”，researcher是可數(shù)名詞，用復數(shù)形式。故填researchers。50．句意：該團隊負責技術(shù)工作，如飛行控制和火星上的科學研究。beresponsiblefor“對……有責任的”。故填for。51．句意：他們對火星的特殊環(huán)境知之甚少。根據(jù)句子中的“ofMars”可知，這里特指火星上的特殊環(huán)境。故填the。52．句意：使中國成為第一個這樣做的國家。根據(jù)空前的“the”可知，這里用序數(shù)詞。故填first。53．句意：這是一個很大的進步，因為中國是一次性完成的，而美國宇航局花了幾十年才完。空后“Chinaisdoinginasinglego,whichtookNASAseveraltensofyearstodo”是空前“That’sagreatprogress”中國取得了巨大進步的原因。故填because。54．句意：張還做出了在烏托邦平原著陸的重要決定，人們相信那里有比其他地方更多不尋常的地形可供科學家研究。根據(jù)后文“thanelsewhere”及空前的be動詞可知，是形容詞的比較級，由“forscientiststostudy”可知，是不同尋常的地形。故填moreunusual。55．句意：我們有理由相信，通過我們的努力，人類航天將會有一個更加美好的未來。根據(jù)前文“Wehavereasonstobelievethatabetterandbrighterfutureof...”可知，這是未來的事情，所以用一般將來時，主語是“humanspaceflight”，應(yīng)是人類航天“被建造”，所以是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故填willbebuilt。第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面的短文，回答問題或?qū)澗€部分譯成英文或中文。Areyougoodwithmoney?59.Doyougetpocketmoneyfromyourparentsordoyouworktoearnmoney?ThefollowingaresomewaysthatBritishteenagerssaveandspendtheirmoney.PocketmoneyMostteenagersinBritainreceivepocketmoneyfromtheirparents.Theymighthavetodochorestogettheirpocketmoney.Thesechorescanincludecleaning,cooking,washingdishesandsoon.Part-timeworkApart-timejobisachoiceforteenagerswhodon’thavepocketmoneyorwhowanttoearnextra（額外的）money.About15percentofteenagershaveajob.Onlychildrenovertheageof13canwork.Popularpart-timejobsforteensincludebabysitting,deliveringnewspapers,shopworkandrestaurantwork.ChildreninBritaincanworkforatmosttwohoursadayonaschooldaybutnotduringschoolhours.Duringweekendsandschoolholidays,theycanworklongerhours.So,manyteenagersaregettingexperiencefromworkingpart-time,dealingwithbanksanddecidingwhethertosaveorspendtheirmoney.Bankaccount（賬戶）Somechildrenandteenagershaveabankaccount.Thereisnolegal（法定的）agelimitatwhichyoucanopenabankaccount,60.但銀行經(jīng)理可以決定是否為兒童或年輕人開立賬戶.Parentscanputpocketmoneydirectlyintotheirchild’sbankaccount.56．WhatkindofchoresdomostBritishteenagersusuallydo?57．HowdochildreninBritainearnpocketmoneyorextramoney?58．Doyouthinkteenagersshouldhaveapart-timejob?Whyorwhynot?59.將畫線句翻譯成中文。60.將畫線句翻譯成英文。參考答案：本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國青少年存錢和花錢的一些方式，主要圍繞零花錢、兼職工作和銀行賬戶展開。56．根據(jù)“Theymighthavetodochorestogettheirpocketmoney.Thesechorescanincludecleaning,cooking,washingdishesandsoon”可知，青少年們可能不得不做家務(wù)來獲得零花錢。這些雜務(wù)包括打掃衛(wèi)生、做飯、洗碗等等。故填Theyusuallydochoressuchascleaning,cooking,washingdishesandsoon.57．根據(jù)“Apart-timejobisachoic