河南省南陽2025屆高三第二次調(diào)研考試聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省南陽2025屆高三第二次調(diào)研考試聯(lián)考英語試題第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AGoingawayforyourminibreak?Bringtheselongweekendessentialstomakethemostoftheleave.ECCOOffroadAthleticSandals,￡59.38Whetheryou’reoffonacitybreakorexploringbeaches,chancesareyou’regettingyourstepsinthisholiday,whichwillbehardgoingonyourfeet.TheseECCOsandalsarespeciallydesignedandmostcomfortablewhenhiking,withanEVAfootbedandECCOFLUIDFORMdesignofferingextracushioning(減震)andflexibility.Kindle(2022release),￡84.99Everytravellingbookworm’sbestfriendisnowsmallerandlighter,atjustsixinchesscreenwidth.With16GBstorage,youcandownloadthousandsofbookstokeepyoubusyonanylongholidayjourneys,andthebatterylifenowlastsuptosixweeksononesinglecharge,butmayvarydependingonuse.PowerAddPortable(便攜式的)ChargerPowerBank,￡15.99Portablechargershavegainedpopularityrecently,butthisoneisgenuinelypocket-sizedwithoutanylossofthechargingpower.Thepowerbankitselfcanbefullychargedwithinaspeedytwohours,anddeliversroughlytwochargesforaniPhone15.At10.5cmlength,and99gweight,youcaneasilyslipthisintoyourbagwithoutfeelingweigheddown.LixadaSlingChestBang,￡29.99Giveyourselfsomeextrapenceofmindwiththisanti-theftcrossbodybag,whichhelpsyoukeepyourvaluablessecureandwithineasyreach.Thechestbaghasanextremeslimdesignatlessthanhalfaninchthick,whichmakesitlightweightandeasytofitunderyourclothes.1.WhatisanadvantageofECCOOffroadAthleticSandals?A.Reasonableprice. B.Lightweight.C.Greatcomfort. D.Maximumsecurity.2.Whichproductbestsuitspeoplewithlowbatteryanxiety?A.ECCOOffroadAttleticSandals. B.Kindle(2022release).C.PowerAddPortableChargerPowerBank. D.LixadaSlingChestBag.3.Whowillbemoreinterestedinthetext?A.Holidaymakers. B.Baglovers. C.Natureexplorers. D.Electronicsenthusiasts.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾個周末度假必備用品?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ECCOOffroadAthleticSandals,￡59.38”部分的句子“Whetheryou’reoffonacitybreakorexploringbeaches,chancesareyou’regettingyourstepsinthisholiday,whichwillbehardgoingonyourfeet.TheseECCOsandalsarespeciallydesignedandmostcomfortablewhenhiking,withanEVAfootbedandECCOFLUIDFORMdesignofferingextracushioning(減震)andflexibility.（無論你是去城市度假還是去海灘探險，你都有可能在這個假期里邁開腳步，這對你的腳來說是很困難的。這些ECCO涼鞋是特別設(shè)計的，徒步旅行時最舒適，EVA鞋墊和ECCOFLUIDFORM設(shè)計提供額外的緩沖和靈活性。）”可知，ECCOOffroadAthleticSandals的優(yōu)點是它的舒適性。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PowerAddPortable(便攜式的)ChargerPowerBank,￡15.99”部分的介紹“Portablechargershavegainedpopularityrecently,butthisoneisgenuinelypocket-sizedwithoutanylossofthechargingpower.Thepowerbankitselfcanbefullychargedwithinaspeedytwohours,anddeliversroughlytwochargesforaniPhone15.At10.5cmlength,and99gweight,youcaneasilyslipthisintoyourbagwithoutfeelingweigheddown.（便攜式充電器最近很流行，但這款是真正的口袋大小，不會損失任何充電功率。充電寶本身可以在兩小時內(nèi)充滿電，為iPhone15充電大約兩次。它長10.5厘米，重99克，你可以輕松地把它塞進包里，而不會感到沉重。）”可知，PowerAddPortableChargerPowerBank適合那些對低電量焦慮的人。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一句話“Goingawayforyourminibreak?Bringtheselongweekendessentialstomakethemostoftheleave.（出去度個小假？帶上這些長周末必備用品，充分利用假期。）”可知，外出度假的人會對這篇文章感興趣。故選A項。BIt’shardtoimaginethatMohamedJihad,ayoungmanfromEgypt,couldperformatraditionalChinesetonguetwisterinafluentway.WhenMohamedwaschoosinghisuniversitymajor,heinitiallyconsideredEnglish.Buthismotheroffereddifferentadvice:“You’veknownEnglishsinceyoung.AlmosteverythingismadeinChina,sochoosingChineseshouldbeveryhelpful.”Thankstohismother’swisdom,MohamedembarkedonhisjourneyoflearningChinese.HegraduatedfromAinShamsUniversityinEgyptwithadegreeinChinesein2019,andthenpursuedhismaster’sdegreeinbroadcastingandanchoring(主持)fromtheCommunicationUniversityofChina.WhenMohamedfirstbeganhisstudyinChina,hefeltconfused——whatisthelowerabdomen(dantian)?Howdoesonesinkqitodantian?Hepracticedopeninghisvoiceandrecitingtonguetwisters.Soon,hisclassmateswereastonishedtofindhehadbecomethebestChinesespeakerintheclass.Aftergraduation,MohamedbecameaforeignexpertattheChinaInternationalCommunicationGroup,focusingonthespreadofChineseculture.AfterlearningtheoperatingmodelofsharedbikesinChina,MohamedsharedhisthoughtsonhowEgyptcouldemulatethisonhisFacebookaccount,taggingEMOT(EgyptianMinisterofTransport).Twodayslater,hesawtheofficialaccountofEMOTrepostinghisthoughts,commenting,“Greatidea,lookingforwardtoimplementation.”Ayearlater,Egypt’scapitalbegancarryingoutthe“CairoBike”sharingprojectasapilotforaddressingtrafficcongestionissues.InJuly2023,whenMohamedgraduatedfromtheCommunicationUniversity,heworeEgyptianpharaohclothingtoreceivehiscertificateonstage.Thephotoofhimwearingthepharaohclothingsoonwentviral.ManyChinesebegantolearnaboutEgyptandthepharaohclothing.ThisgaveMohamedthechancetotellEgyptianstoriestoChineseaudiencesandhesubsequentlychangedthenameofhisChinesesocialmediaaccounttothe“EgyptianPharaoh”.MohamedisstillworkingtobuildabridgethatallowsEgyptianstobetterunderstandChina.“IfIcanbethisbridge,itwouldbeagreathonor.”saidMohamed.4.WhydidMohamedbeginhisjourneyoflearningChinese?A.BecauseofhisinterestintraditionalChineseculture.B.Duetohismother’sbeliefthatChineseisbeneficial.C.Onaccountoftherequirementforhismaster’sdegree.D.OwingtohisdesiretoperformChinesetonguetwisters.5.HowdidMohamedimprovehisChinese?A.Throughvoicepracticeandtonguetwisters.B.ByspendingtimewithEgyptianclassmates.C.ThroughcommunicationwithChinesepeers.D.Bydistinguishingthelowerabdomenfromqi.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inParagraph5mean?A.Criticize. B.Ignore. C.Praise. D.Copy.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CairoBike:ASuccessfulEgyptianProjectB.TongueTwister:AnEgyptian’sPathtoFluencyC.EgyptianPharaoh:SpreadingEgyptianCulturetotheWorldD.MohamedJihad:BuildingBridgesBetweenChinaandEgypt【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了埃及人穆罕默德?吉哈德學(xué)習(xí)中文、在中國求學(xué)及畢業(yè)后工作的經(jīng)歷，包括聽從母親建議選中文專業(yè)，在中國克服學(xué)習(xí)困難成為優(yōu)秀漢語演講者，畢業(yè)后傳播中國文化、分享經(jīng)驗推動埃及借鑒中國共享單車模式，以及因畢業(yè)照走紅更改社交媒體賬號名講述埃及故事等。重點突出他致力于搭建中埃相互了解的橋梁這一內(nèi)容?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AlmosteverythingismadeinChina,sochoosingChineseshouldbeveryhelpful.(幾乎所有東西都是中國制造，所以選擇中文應(yīng)該會很有幫助。)”可知，穆罕默德開始學(xué)習(xí)中文是因為他母親相信漢語是有益的。故選B項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Hepracticedopeninghisvoiceandrecitingtonguetwisters.Soon,hisclassmateswereastonishedtofindhehadbecomethebestChinesespeakerintheclass.(他練習(xí)打開聲音，背誦繞口令。很快，他的同學(xué)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)他已經(jīng)成為班上說中文最好的人。)”可知，穆罕默德是通過發(fā)音練習(xí)和繞口令來提高他的漢語水平的。故選A項?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段的“Twodayslater,hesawtheofficialaccountofEMOTrepostinghisthoughts,commenting,“Greatidea,lookingforwardtoimplementation.”Ayearlater,Egypt’scapitalbegancarryingoutthe“CairoBike”sharingprojectasapilotforaddressingtrafficcongestionissues.(兩天后，他看到EMOT的公眾號轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)了他的想法，并評論說：“好主意，期待實現(xiàn)?！币荒旰?，埃及首都開始實施“開羅自行車”共享項目，作為解決交通擁堵問題的試點。)”可知，畫線句子表示：在了解了中國共享單車的運營模式后，穆罕默德在他的Facebook賬戶上分享了他對埃及如何效仿這一模式的想法，并標(biāo)記了EMOT（埃及交通部長）。故畫線單詞emulate為“效仿”的意思，結(jié)合選項D項Copy“模仿，效仿”意思一致。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段提出穆罕默德來自埃及，卻能流利地表演繞口令，吸引讀者興趣；第二至四段簡介穆罕默德的中文求學(xué)歷程；第五段中，穆罕默德致力于傳播中國文化，并將中國的共享單車運行模式通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)介紹給埃及交通部，促成了開羅共享單車項目；第六段中，穆罕默德讓更多中國人了解了埃及和法老服飾。再結(jié)合最后一段，全文體現(xiàn)穆罕默德在中國和埃及之間的橋梁作用。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“穆罕默德·吉哈德：在中國和埃及之間架起橋梁”。故選D。CNeverjudgeabookbyitscover—evenifthecoverdoesn’tsaymuchatall.ThefirstthingcustomersseewhentheywalkintotheStrandBookStoreinManhattanisatableofnamelessbookswithcoverswrappedlikeChristmaspresentsandtitlesreplacedbygeneraldescriptions.Thestorecallsit“BlindDateWithaBook”.Peopleloveit,PaulColarusso,thecommunicationsdirectorfortheStrand,said,“Weputitrightatthefrontofthestorebecauseitquiteliterallystopspeopleintheirtracks.”“Peopleareattractedtotheelementofsurprise,whichfocusesattentionandcreatesadopamine(多巴胺)response,”Mr.Tobin,anassociateprofessoratCaseWesternUniversity,said.Meanwhile,storeshavefoundanewwaytosellbooksthatareoverlookedbecausetheyarenotnew,best-sellingorpennedbyafamousauthor.Muchlikerealdating,there’snoperfectscience,andanelementoftrialanderrorisinvolved.Fantasyandmysterybooksworkwell.Forgottenbooksfromthepastaregreattoo.WheninRomebySarahAdamsisdisguisedas“FreshlyBakedSlowBumRom-com”.SpoilerAlertbyOliviaDadebecomesa“You’veGotMail-esqueRomance”.Butnotallbookstoreshaveembracedthetrend.Dozensofbookstoreownersaroundthecountrysaidtheydidnotknowwhat“BlindDateBooks”were.Othersdidn’tparticipateinthetrendbecausestorepolicyprohibitsreturnsorexchangeswhicharenecessaryifsomeonehaspickedupabooktheyhavealreadyread.OnawarmFridaymorning,thebookstoreispacked.Abouthalfthecustomersstopatthe“BlindDateBooks”displaybytheentrance,closelyinspectingtheneatlydrawn,wrappedcovers.HeatherTonerbuysone.“Throwingcautiontothewindandlettingsomeoneelsechooseformejustsortoffeelslikeanicechangeofpace,”Ms.Toner,areader,said.“Ineverwentonarealblinddate.‘BlindDateWithaBook’iskindofmyspeed.”8.Whatmakes“BlindDateWithaBook”appealingtocustomersaccordingtoMr.Tobin?A.Theabilitytochoosespecifictitles.B.Theattractivenessofthepackaging.C.Theexcitementofanunforeseenchoice.D.Theidentificationofdopamineresponse.9.Howdoes“BlindDateWithaBook”benefitbookstores?A.Itenrichescustomers’choices. B.Itsatisfiesreaders’specialneeds.C.Itsimplifiesshoppingprocedures. D.Ithelpsmarketless-knownbooks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embraced”inparagraph4mean?A.Overlooked. B.Blocked C.Guided. D.Adopted.11.WhichwordsbestdescribeHeatherToner’sattitudetowards“BlindDateWithaBook”?A.Openandadventurous B.Cautiousandreserved.C.Tolerantandindecisive. D.Dismissiveandskeptical.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了曼哈頓的斯特蘭書店推出的“盲選書籍”活動。該活動將書籍的封面包裝起來，只留下簡單描述，讓顧客在沒有任何先入為主印象的情況下挑選書籍。文章討論了這種活動帶來的顧客體驗、其背后的心理學(xué)原理，以及這一趨勢對書店銷售的影響?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Peopleareattractedtotheelementofsurprise,andtheelementofsurprisefocusesattentionandcreatesadopamineresponse(人們被驚喜元素所吸引，而驚喜元素能夠集中注意力并引發(fā)多巴胺反應(yīng))”可知，顧客更喜歡“盲選書籍”是因為他們在這種不確定性中體驗到刺激和驚喜，激發(fā)了多巴胺的反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生興奮感。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Meanwhile,storeshavefoundanewwaytosellbooksthatareoverlookedbecausetheyarenotnew,best-sellingorpennedbyafamousauthor.(與此同時，書店已經(jīng)找到了一種銷售那些因為非新書、非暢銷書或非名家所著而被忽視的書籍的新方法)”可知，這種活動幫助銷售那些被忽視的書籍，而這些書籍往往因為不是暢銷書或不是出自名作家之手而被忽視。故選D?！?0題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話和第三句話“Dozensofbookstoreownersaroundthecountrysaidtheydidnotknowwhat“BlindDateBooks”were.Othersdidn’tparticipateinthetrendbecausestorepolicyprohibitsreturnsorexchangeswhicharenecessaryifsomeonehaspickedupabooktheyhavealreadyread.(全國數(shù)十家書店店主表示，他們不知道“圖書盲選”是什么。還有一些書店沒有參與這一潮流，因為書店政策禁止退貨或換貨，而如果顧客選到了已經(jīng)讀過的書，退貨或換貨是必要的)”可知，不是所有的書店都能欣然接受這種趨勢，D選項中的adopt意思是“正式通過”，符合語意。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句““Throwingcautiontothewindandlettingsomeoneelsechooseformejustsortoffeelslikeanicechangeofpace,”Ms.Toner,areader,said.“Ineverwentonarealblinddate.‘BlindDateWithaBook’iskindofmyspeed.”(讀者托納（Toner）女士說：“不顧一切讓別人替我選擇，感覺節(jié)奏很不錯，算是一種新鮮的改變。我從來沒有參加過真正的約會?！c書相約’正合我的節(jié)奏?！?可知，HeatherToner認為讓別人為自己挑選書籍是一種“節(jié)奏的變化”，從她的話中可以看出，她認為這種方式感到輕松且充滿期待，甚至將其比作一種適合自己的“盲約”，說明她對這種體驗持一種積極、開放的態(tài)度，同時又抱著試一試的心態(tài)。故選A。DExhaustedbytherisingcostoflivingintheUnitedStatesandnon-stopadvertisements,someyoungadultsonTikTokarepushingback.“Wheneverymomentofyourlifefeelslikeyouarebeingsoldsomethingandthepriceofthatitemkeepsgoingup,peoplewillburnoutonspendingmoney,”saidKaraPerez,aninfluencerandfinancialeducator.Socialmediahaslongshowcasedpicture—perfecthomes,luxuriousclosetsandvariousbeautyproducts.Butanewtrend,knownas“underconsumptioncore”,ismovingintheoppositedirection-encouragingmoreeconomicallifestylesandprioritizingqualityoverquantity.Forexample,manypeopleonsocialmediaproudlydisplaytheirwell-wornshoesthathavebeenwiththemsincemiddleschool,alongwiththeircommitmenttousingthelastdropoftheirmakeup.Othersoptforrepurposingoldmasonjarsinsteadofbuyingnewfoodstoragecontainers.Foralongtime,youngpeopleintheWesthavecommonlymadeuseof“BuyNow,PayLater”plans,whichhaveintensifiedconsumption.Theyhavedevelopedabehaviorofspendingdowntotheirlastpoundonafashionitem.Itisanaddictiontiedtothepressure“toshowwhowearethroughpossessions”.However,yearsofinflation(通貨膨脹)haveforcedmanytoconcludethattheycannotkeepupwiththespendinghabitsofthoseontheirsocialmediafeeds.“Thesocialmediatrendof‘underconsumption’isawayforGenZtomakethemostoftheirmoneyandbeenvironmentallyfriendlyatthesametime,”saidAshleyRoss,headofBankofAmerica.Low-consumptionbrick-and-mortar(實體的)initiativesattractabroaderrangeofpeopleacrossdifferentprofilesandgenerations.AnjaliZielinski,42,joineda“Mending101”workshopinGeorgetown,DC,hopingtoacquirenewskills.Shebroughther7-year-olddaughter,Mina,alongwithher.InadditiontoprovidinganoutletforMina’screativity,shehopesthecraftwillteachherdaughterthe“valueofourpossessionsandtheworkthatgoesintothem.”Butsomearestilldoubtful.Itremainstobeseenwhether“underconsumptioncore”issimplyamoodoralastingmovement.“Thelifespanofthistrenddepends,inmanyways,onhowlongtheeconomycontinuestoslowandincomesremainsbelowpricegains,”BrettHouse,aneconomicsprofessoratColumbiaBusinessSchool,toldCNBC.12.WhatisthecauseofsomeAmericans’cuttingbackonspending?A.Thecommercialactivities. B.Theirsocialmediafeeds.C.Theirmaterialsatisfaction. D.Theeconomicdownturn.13.Whatisthephilosophyof“underconsumptioncore”?A.Spendingmoneyasyoulike. B.Doingmorewithless.C.KeepingupwiththeJoneses. D.BuyNow,PayLater.14.Howdoestheauthortellusthetrend’spopularityamongpeople?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bylistingnumbers. D.Bycitingresearchdata.15.WhatisBrettHouse’sattitudetothe“underconsumptioncore”trend?A.Doubtful. B.Reserved. C.Objective. D.Disapproving.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，介紹了美國一些年輕人受生活成本上升和經(jīng)濟不景氣的影響，在TikTok上推動“低消費核心”潮流，但這一潮流能否持久還有待觀察?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ExhaustedbytherisingcostoflivingintheUnitedStatesandnon-stopadvertisements,someyoungadultsonTikTokarepushingback.(受美國生活成本上升和無休止的廣告的影響，TikTok上的一些年輕人開始抵制消費)”以及第四段“However,yearsofinflation(通貨膨脹)haveforcedmanytoconcludethattheycannotkeepupwiththespendinghabitsofthoseontheirsocialmediafeeds.(然而，多年的通貨膨脹迫使許多人得出結(jié)論，他們無法跟上社交媒體上那些人的消費習(xí)慣)”可知，一些美國人削減開支受美國生活成本上升和無休止的廣告的影響，以及多年的通貨膨脹迫使許多人放棄社交媒體上那些人的消費習(xí)慣，所以一些美國人削減開支的原因是經(jīng)濟不景氣。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butanewtrend,knownas“underconsumptioncore”,ismovingintheoppositedirection-encouragingmoreeconomicallifestylesandprioritizingqualityoverquantity.(但是一種被稱為“低消費核心”的新趨勢正在朝著相反的方向發(fā)展——鼓勵更經(jīng)濟的生活方式，重質(zhì)量而非數(shù)量)”可知“低消費核心”的新趨勢鼓勵更經(jīng)濟的生活方式，重質(zhì)量而非數(shù)量，可知“低消費核心”的理念是用更少的資源做更多的事。故選B項?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Forexample,manypeopleonsocialmediaproudlydisplaytheirwell-wornshoesthathavebeenwiththemsincemiddleschool,alongwiththeircommitmenttousingthelastdropoftheirmakeup.Othersoptforrepurposingoldmasonjarsinsteadofbuyingnewfoodstoragecontainers.(例如，社交媒體上的許多人自豪地展示他們從中學(xué)就開始穿的舊鞋子，以及他們使用最后一滴化妝品的承諾。其他人則選擇重新利用舊的梅森罐，而不是購買新的食品儲存容器)”可知，作者通過舉例來告訴我們這一趨勢在人群中的流行程度。故選A項。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Thelifespanofthistrenddepends,inmanyways,onhowlongtheeconomycontinuestoslowandincomesremainsbelowpricegains,”BrettHouse,aneconomicsprofessoratColumbiaBusinessSchool,toldCNBC.(哥倫比亞商學(xué)院(ColumbiaBusinessSchool)經(jīng)濟學(xué)教授布雷特·豪斯(BrettHouse)在接受美國全國廣播公司財經(jīng)頻道(CNBC)采訪時表示：“這一趨勢的持續(xù)時間在很大程度上取決于經(jīng)濟放緩的持續(xù)時間以及收入是否仍低于物價漲幅?！?”可知，布雷特·豪斯指出這一潮流的持續(xù)時間在很大程度上取決于經(jīng)濟放緩和收入低于物價上漲的時長，只是客觀陳述這一潮流與經(jīng)濟因素的關(guān)系，可推理出布雷特·豪斯的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyday,whetherwe’reawareofitornot,ourlivesaregovernedbyhabits.____16____Thishassomethingtodowithourbrainactivities.Whenwelearntodosomethingforthefirsttime,wehavetoconsciouslythinkaboutit.Duringthisstage,acertainpartofthebrainmakesadecisiontoperformandconcentrateonthistask.Then,anotherpartofthebrainrespondstothedecision,instructsourbodytomaketherelevantmovements,andmemorizesthemovementpattern.____17____Aswerepeatthisprocess,thebrainworksless,whichmeanswenolongerhavetoconsciouslythinkabouthowtodoit.Thusthetaskgraduallybecomesautomatic—inotherwords,ahabit.____18____Theansweristriggers(誘因).Thebraincanrespondtotriggerswithinafewhundredmillisecondsandkickoffahabitualbehavior.____19____Forexample,whenwewakeup,wegetupandstarttheday.Inthiscase,thetriggeriswakingup.Badhabitsarekickedoffbytriggerstoo.Procrastination(拖延)isoneofthehabitualresponsestostress:whenfacedwithadifficulttask,somepeoplesimplystartdoingsomethingelsetoavoidit.Habits,especiallythebadones,areusuallyhardtobreak.____20____Rememberthathabitstaketimetoform,sopatienceandconsistencyarecrucial.Withdedicationandunderstanding,youcanunlockthepotentialforpersonalgrowthandpositivechangethroughthepowerofhabits.A.Buthowaretheydeveloped?B.Habitsarenotdevelopedinadayortwo.C.Triggersplayaveryimportantpartinourlife.D.Whatdrivesustoperformhabitualactions,then?E.Therearethousandsofsuchtriggersinourlives.F.Thebrainenjoysarewardwhenthetaskiscompleted.G.Butonceweknowthetriggers,wecantrytomakeachange.【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要說明了習(xí)慣形成的過程及如何改變不良習(xí)慣?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Everyday,whetherwe’reawareofitornot,ourlivesaregovernedbyhabits.(每天，無論我們是否意識到，我們的生活都在被習(xí)慣所支配)”以及下文“Thishassomethingtodowithourbrainactivities.(這與我們的大腦活動有關(guān))”可知，說明習(xí)慣支配我們的生活并且這與大腦活動有關(guān)，空處承上啟下，引出下文對習(xí)慣形成過程的解釋。所以A項“但它們是如何形成的呢？”符合語境。故選A。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whenwelearntodosomethingforthefirsttime,wehavetoconsciouslythinkaboutit.Duringthisstage,acertainpartofthebrainmakesadecisiontoperformandconcentrateonthistask.Then,anotherpartofthebrainrespondstothedecision,instructsourbodytomaketherelevantmovements,andmemorizesthemovementpattern.(當(dāng)我們第一次學(xué)習(xí)做某件事時，我們必須有意識地去思考它。在這個階段，大腦的某個部分會做出執(zhí)行并專注于這項任務(wù)的決定。隨后，大腦的另一部分會對這個決定作出反應(yīng)，指揮我們的身體進行相應(yīng)的動作，并記住這些動作模式)”以及下文“Aswerepeatthisprocess,thebrainworksless,whichmeanswenolongerhavetoconsciouslythinkabouthowtodoit.Thusthetaskgraduallybecomesautomatic—inotherwords,ahabit.(隨著我們不斷重復(fù)這一過程，大腦的工作量逐漸減少，這意味著我們不再需要有意識地思考如何去做這件事。因此，任務(wù)逐漸變得自動化—換句話說，成為了一種習(xí)慣)”說明的是大腦對任務(wù)的處理過程，當(dāng)大腦不再需要有意識地思考如何去做這件事時，就形成了習(xí)慣，所以空處應(yīng)填當(dāng)任務(wù)完成時，大腦是如何處理的。所以F項“當(dāng)任務(wù)完成時，大腦會獲得獎勵”符合語境。故選F。【18題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theansweristriggers.Thebraincanrespondtotriggerswithinafewhundredmillisecondsandkickoffahabitualbehavior.(答案是觸發(fā)因素。大腦可以在幾百毫秒內(nèi)對觸發(fā)因素作出反應(yīng)，并啟動一種習(xí)慣性行為)”可知，空處應(yīng)是問句，是引出問題，是對下文答案的提問。所以D項“那么，是什么驅(qū)使我們執(zhí)行習(xí)慣性的行為呢？”符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thebraincanrespondtotriggerswithinafewhundredmillisecondsandkickoffahabitualbehavior(大腦可以在幾百毫秒內(nèi)對觸發(fā)因素作出反應(yīng)，并啟動一種習(xí)慣性行為)”以及下文“Forexample,whenwewakeup,wegetupandstarttheday.Inthiscase,thetriggeriswakingup.Badhabitsarekickedoffbytriggerstoo.(例如，當(dāng)我們醒來時，我們會起床開始新的一天。在這種情況下，觸發(fā)因素就是醒來。不良習(xí)慣也是由觸發(fā)因素引發(fā)的)”可知，空處承上啟下，與上文描繪的高頻反應(yīng)形成遞進關(guān)系，并且引出下文的例子，說明生活中有許多誘因。所以E項“在我們的生活中存在著成千上萬這樣的觸發(fā)因素”符合語境。故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Theansweristriggers.(答案是觸發(fā)因素)”“Habits,especiallythebadones,areusuallyhardtobreak.(習(xí)慣，特別是壞習(xí)慣，通常很難改掉)”以及下文“Rememberthathabitstaketimetoform,sopatienceandconsistencyarecrucial.Withdedicationandunderstanding,youcanunlockthepotentialforpersonalgrowthandpositivechangethroughthepowerofhabits.(請記住，習(xí)慣的形成需要時間，因此耐心和堅持至關(guān)重要。通過投入和理解，你可以通過習(xí)慣的力量解鎖個人成長和積極變化的潛力)”可知，誘發(fā)不良習(xí)慣的因素有很多，當(dāng)我們知道誘因的時候，可以通過自己去改變。所以G項“但是一旦我們知道觸發(fā)因素是什么，我們就可以嘗試做出改變”符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Rosalie,myseventh-gradebully(欺凌者),nevermissedanopportunitytosnarl(咆哮)atme.Ihadsomeclosefriendswhowerejustas___21___asIwas,andweusuallytriedtostayoutofeveryone’sway.IknewIhadtotakeaction.Suddenly,it___22___methatMumtalkedaboutDad’ssmile.Idecidedtotryitout.AfterclassIsawherinthe___23___comingtowardme,lookingas___24___asever.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Imadeeyecontactwithher,andthenIactuallymanageda___25___.Rosalielookedshocked.Ididn’tdaretotakeanother___26___untilImadeittomynextclassand___27___inthechair.Thenextday,Itriedagain.Rosaliewasnolongersurprised,buthersnarl___28___.Thiswentonforseveraldays,untiloneday,shegavemealittlehalf-smileformy___29___.Overthenextfewweeks,Rosalie____30____startedsmilingback.AndthencamethatmemorabledaywhenIgatheredthe____31____tonodandsayhi.Icouldn’tbelieveit!Shesaidhiback!Attheendoftheyear,Rosalielookedmeupand____32____metoagame.Intheyearsthatfollowed,Imademanynewfriendsandbecameanactive____33____inmyclassactivities.Lookingbacknow,Ican____34____italltothatdaywhenIhadthecouragetosmileinthefaceofthebully.It’s____35____howfarasmilecango.21.A.familiar B.brave C.puzzled D.shy22.A.occurredto B.relatedto C.checkedon D.reliedon23.A.range B.neighborhood C.distance D.trade24.A.cheerful B.fortunate C.annoyed D.mean25.A.gesture B.smile C.sign D.face26.A.dip B.nap C.rest D.breath27.A.fixed B.exploded C.collapsed D.conserved28.A.remained B.altered C.matched D.defined29.A.benefit B.effort C.memory D.service30.A.hurriedly B.desperately C.actually D.formally31.A.energy B.courage C.delight D.ambition32.A.invited B.allowed C.inspired D.helped33.A.manager B.applicant C.participant D.explorer34.A.bounce B.track C.combine D.assess35.A.entertaining B.rigid C.professional D.amazing【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.B26.D27.C28.A29.B30.C31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述作者面對校園欺凌者Rosalie時，從最初的害怕躲避到鼓起勇氣以微笑面對，并最終改善與Rosalie的關(guān)系以及自己的社交狀態(tài)的故事，傳達了積極面對困難、勇敢采取行動的重要性。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有幾個和我一樣靦腆的好朋友，我們通常盡量不招惹任何人。A.familiar熟悉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.shy害羞的。根據(jù)下文“weusuallytriedtostayoutofeveryone’sway.”可知，作者和這些朋友一樣不想招惹別人，都是靦腆的人。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：突然，我想起媽媽曾提起過爸爸的笑容。A.occurredto突然想到；B.relatedto與……有關(guān)；C.checkedon檢查；D.reliedon依賴。根據(jù)下文“Idecidedtotryitout.”可知，作者想起媽媽提到的爸爸的微笑，決定試一下。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：下課后，我遠遠看到她朝我走來，一如既往地兇巴巴。A.range范圍；B.neighborhood附近街區(qū)；C.distance距離；D.trade貿(mào)易。根據(jù)空后“comingtowardme”可知，作者是遠遠看到Rosalie朝自己走來?？疾槎陶Z：inthedistance，意為“遠遠地”，符合句意。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：下課后，我遠遠看到她朝我走來，一如既往地兇巴巴。A.cheerful愉快的；B.fortunate幸運的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.mean吝嗇的、刻薄的。根據(jù)上文“Rosalie,myseventh-gradebully(欺凌者),nevermissedanopportunitytosnarl(咆哮)atme.”可知，Rosalie對作者一向很兇，很不友好。根據(jù)空后的“asever”可知，Rosalie一如既往地兇巴巴。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生平第一次，我與她對視，然后竟真的擠出了一個微笑。A.gesture手勢；B.smile微笑；C.sign標(biāo)志；D.face臉。根據(jù)上文“Suddenly,it_____methatMumtalkedaboutDad’ssmile.”中的“smile”可知，作者對著對方擠出了一個微笑。故選B。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rosalie一臉震驚。直到走進下一堂課的教室，癱坐在椅子上，我才敢再次呼吸。A.dip蘸；B.nap小睡；C.rest休息；D.breath呼吸。根據(jù)上文“Rosalie,myseventh-gradebully(欺凌者),nevermissedanopportunitytosnarl(咆哮)atme.”可知，Rosalie對待作者非常兇。由此可知，作者對著她笑了之后，緊張到了不敢呼吸，直到進入教室。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rosalie一臉震驚。直到走進下一堂課的教室，癱坐在椅子上，我才敢再次呼吸。A.fixed修理、固定；B.exploded爆炸；C.collapsed倒塌、崩潰；D.conserved保存。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’tdaretotakeanother_____untilImadeittomynextclass”可知，作者非常害怕Rosalie，由此可知，作者進入了教室后癱坐在椅子上。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Rosalie不再驚訝，但她的咆哮依舊。A.remained保持；B.altered改變；C.matched匹配；D.defined定義。根據(jù)上文“Rosalielookedshocked.”、“Rosaliewasnolongersurprised”以及下文的“untiloneday,shegavemealittlehalf-smile”可推測，這里描述了Rosalie態(tài)度的變化。從最初的困惑然而兇巴巴，到后來不再困惑，卻仍然咆哮，到最后也對著作者變化的整個過程。故選A。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的情況持續(xù)了好幾天，直到有一天，她對我的努力回以一個淡淡的微笑。A.benefit利益、好處；B.effort努力；C.memory記憶；D.service服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“Idecidedtotryitout.”以及“Thenextday,Itriedagain.”可知，作者一直在努力改變Rosalie對自己的態(tài)度。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾周里，Rosalie真的開始回我微笑了。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.desperately絕望地；C.actually實際上；D.formally正式地。根據(jù)上文“Thiswentonforseveraldays,untiloneday,shegavemealittlehalf-smileformy_____.”可知，Rosalie從最初的困惑，到后來寄出一個淡淡的微笑，到如今開始真正地對著作者微笑，有了很大的變化。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，那個難忘的日子來臨，我鼓起勇氣點頭向她打招呼。A.energy能量、精力；B.courage勇氣；C.delight高興；D.ambition野心。根據(jù)上文可知，由于作者的努力，Rosalie也開始對作者微笑。再根據(jù)空后的“tonodandsayhi”可推測，看到Rosalie對自己微笑，作者鼓起勇氣開始向她打招呼。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)年結(jié)束時，Rosalie找到我，邀請我去參加一場游戲。A.invited邀請；B.allowed允許；C.inspired鼓舞、激勵；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)空后的“metoagame.”以及下文“Intheyearsthatfollowed,Imademanynewfriendsandbecameanactive______inmyclassactivities.”可推測，Rosalie邀請作者去參加一場游戲。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在隨后的幾年里，我交了許多新朋友，還積極參與班級活動。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.applicant申請人；C.participant參與者；D.explorer探險者。根據(jù)空前“Imademanynewfriends”可推測，作者開始積極參加班級活動。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如今回首，我能將這一切追溯到我鼓起勇氣，對霸凌者微笑的那一天。A.bounce反彈、跳躍；B.track追蹤；C.combine結(jié)合；D.assess評估。根據(jù)空后“italltothatdaywhenIhadthecouragetosmileinthefaceofthebully.”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，作者認為自己的改變源自于自己鼓起勇氣對Rosalie微笑的那一天。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：微笑的力量竟如此強大，實在令人驚嘆。A.entertaining有趣的、娛樂的；B.rigid僵硬的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.amazing令人驚奇的。根據(jù)第一段“Ihadsomeclosefriendswhowerejustas_____asIwas,andweusuallytriedtostayoutofeveryone’sway.”可知，作者原本是個靦腆的人；再根據(jù)最后一段“Intheyearsthatfollowed,Imademanynewfriendsandbecameanactive_____inmyclassactivities.”可知，作者發(fā)生了巨大的改變。而這都源自于作者最初的一個微笑。由此可知，微笑的力量令人驚嘆。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Self-drivingcars,alsoknownasautonomousvehicles,havebeenatopicofinterestand___36___(argue)forseveralyears.Theideaofvehiclesthatcanoperate___37___humancontrolispromising.Itcanmaketransportationefficientandconvenient.Andastechno