湖北省恩施州高中教育聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省恩施州高中教育聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Playbasketball.B.Visithercousin.C.Gotothecinema.【答案】C【原文】W:Mike,you’reabigfanofbasketball.HaveyouwatchedthenewfilmTheFirstSlamDunk?M:Yes.It’sverypopularwithyoungpeoplewholovethissport.Doyouwanttoseeit?W:Actually,Ihavealreadyboughtthetickets.Iwillgowithmycousintonight.2.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthebook?A.$14.B.$16.C.$18.【答案】A【原文】W:HowmuchdoesthebookSwimmingwithSharkscost,please?M:Itcosts16dollars.Butthere’sonlyonecopyleftandthecoverhasbeendamaged.Youcanpaytwodollarslessifyoutakeit.W:OK.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inahotel.B.Atagym.C.Onthestreet.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme.CanIusethegymhere?W:Sure.It’sopenfreetoourguests.Youcanenteritwithyourroomcard.M:Whenisitclosed,please?W:At10:00pm.4.WhatdoesJasonwanttobeinthefuture?A.Anartist.B.Ateacher.C.Abusinessman.【答案】A【原文】W:Jason,youloveartsomuch.Doyouplantobecomeanartistinthefuture?M:Yes,it’smydream.Butmyfatherdoesn’tlikethisidea.He’dlikemetodobusinesswithhim.5.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Abook.B.Alanguage.C.Acompetition.【答案】B【原文】W:Henry,Iheardyou’relearningChinese.Whydidyouwanttolearnthislanguageinthefirstplace?M:IsawsomeChinesecharactersinabooklastmonthandIwasgreatlyattractedbythem.IwantedtolearntowriteChinesecharacters.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhatisAndygoingtodo?A.Playfootball.B.Watchagame.C.Pickuphisfriend.7.WhichofthefollowingwillAndytidyup?A.Thekitchen.B.Thebedrooms.C.Thesittingroom.【答案】6.A7.A【原文】W:Areyougoingout,Andy?M:Yes.Myfriendswantmetoplayfootballwiththem.W:Don’tyouremember?Momaskedustocleanthehousebeforeshecomesbackhome.Weshouldfinishthecleaningfirst.M:Butmyfriendsarewaitingforme.It’sjust2:00pmnow.Momwon’tbebackuntil5:00pm.I’llcleanthehouseafterIreturn.W:OK.ThenI’llcleanthesittingroomandthebedrooms.Youcleanthekitchenwhenyoucomeback.M:Sure,Iwill.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.HowdidTonylearntoplaythepiano?A.Bytakingclasses.B.Byteachinghimself.C.Bylearningfromhisfather.9.WhydoesTonytakeapart-timejob?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tobewithchildren.C.Togetsomeexperience.10.WhatwillTonytalkaboutnext?A.Hischildhood.B.Hiscollegelife.C.Hisfutureplans.【答案】8.C9.B10.C【原文】W:Tony,whendidyoubegintolearntoplaythepiano?M:WhenIwasjustfouryearsold.Myfatherwasapianist.Hetaughtmeathome.Ididn’tneedtotakepianolessons.W:Canyouplayotherinstruments?M:Yes.Icanplaytheviolintoo.Ilearneditbymyself.W:Oh,youaregreat.Iheardyoutookapart-timejob.Areyourunninglowoncash?M:Notreally.Ilovespendingtimewithchildren.WhenIheardtherewasajobtoteachsomechildrenmusic,Iappliedforit.LuckilyIgotit.W:That’sgood.Youwillgainalotofexperience.Doyouhaveanyplansaftergraduatingfromthecollege?M:Yes.First...聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.WhywillTomtraveltoThailand?A.Toseeanetfriend.B.Tovisithisrelatives.C.TolearnaboutThaiculture.12.WherewillTomliveduringhistimeinThailand?A.Atahotel.B.Atafriend’shome.C.Ataschooldormitory.13.WhoisKaren?A.Thewoman’saunt.B.Thewoman’sniece.C.Thewoman’scousin.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】W:Tom,theschoolisgoingtohaveawinterholidaysoon.What’syourplan?M:IamgoingtoThailand.W:Really?Whydoyouwanttogothere?M:I’minterestedinThaicultureandwanttolearnaboutit.W:Sowherewillyoustaywhenyou’retravelingthere?Atahotel?M:No.Ihaveanetfriendthere.Icanstaywithhisfamilyduringmystaythere.W:That’sconvenient.Ithinkhecanbeyourguide,too.M:Yes.He’slearningEnglishnow.Andhethinksit’sagoodopportunityforhimtopracticeEnglishwithme.He’lltravelwhereverIgo.W:It’sreallyagoodwaytoexchangelanguagesandcultures.M:Yes.Willyoutravelanywhereduringtheholiday?W:I’lltraveltoBeijing.Myuncleandauntlivetherenow.Ihaven’tseentheirdaughterKarenforalmosttwoyears.Wereallylookforwardtoseeingeachotheragain.M:Well,Iwishyouagreattimethere!W:Thanks.Thesametoyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatwillstudentsmainlydoatthecamp?A.Learntocook.B.Dooutdooractivities.C.Exchangefoodculture.15.Whocantakepartinthecamp?A.Collegestudents.B.Pre-schoolchildren.C.Highschoolstudents.16.Whenwillthecampend?A.OnJan.22nd.B.OnJan.25th.C.OnJan.26th.17.Howwillthespeakersgotothecamp?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.A【原文】W:Mark,whataboutgoingtotheCulinaryCampforTeensnextweek?M:Whatkindofcampisit?W:It’sacampforteenagerswhowanttolearnhowtopreparemeals.Studentswilllearnsafeknifeskills,howtobakecakes,andsomeothercookingskills.M:I’mreallyinterestedinthat.Wherewillitbeheld?W:It’llbeheldatJolietJuniorCollege.M:Cananyonetakepartinit?W:No.It’sjustopentohighschoolstudents.Sincewe’realreadyinourfirstyearinhighschool,webothcangotoit.M:Good.Howlongwillitlast?W:It’lllastforfourdaysinall.It’llbeginat8:30amonJanuary22nd.Willyouhavetimethen?M:Yes.Idon’thaveanyplansforthosedaysyet.W:Good.Bytheway,canyouaskyourbrothertogiveusalifteveryday?It’snotconvenientforustotakeabusorrideabike.M:Ithinkso.Hecandropusonhiswaytowork.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whydidthespeakergotothesmallpark?A.Totakeawalk.B.Todosomecleaning.C.Toorganizeanactivity.19.Wheredoesthespeaker’smotherwork?A.Atapark.B.Ataschool.C.Atahospital.20.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofhervolunteerexperience?A.Tiring.B.Enjoyable.C.Challenging.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【原文】W:ItwasrainylastSaturdaymorning.Whentheskybecameclearintheafternoon,Idecidedtogotoasmallparknearmyhomeforawalk.WhileIwaswalkingaroundthere,Inoticedacallforaparkclean-upvolunteergroupattheStateParkjusttenmilesfrommyhome.Theyweregettingparkloverstogethertodoannualcleaning,sotheentirecommunitycanenjoythegreenspacethisspring.Theclean-upwouldtakeplacethefollowingday.Iwantedtohelp.AfterIreturnedhome,Itoldmyparentsaboutmyplan.Theywerebothverysupportive.Sincemymotherworksatahospitalandhadanoperationtoperformthenextday,shecouldn’tgowithme.Butmyfather,whoteachesataschool,decidedtogowithme.WewenttotheStateParkinmyfather’scar.Whenwegotthere,therewerealreadydozensofpeople.Westartedtoworkat9:30am.Weclearedfallenbranchesanddeadtreesoffnaturaltrailsandwalkingpaths.Weaddedafreshlayerofsoiltoflowerbeds.Wealsopickedupgarbageandleaves.Weallenjoyedourselvesthere.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABlossomingcherrytreesarewidespreadandpopularintheUS.Here’swhenandwheretoseetheseflowersacrosstheUS.TheNationalCherryBlossomFestival(Washington,D.C.,March20-April13)ElevenspeciesoffloweringcherrytreesurroundtheTidalBasinfrontingthePotomacRiverinNationalCapitolPark.Theirbeautifulflowersattractsome1.5millionpeopleduringthefour-weekcelebration,whichisinhonorofspringandinternationalfriendship.Eventsincludeakitefestival,paradeandfireworks,whileacrossthecapital,schoolsandneighborhoodsplantnewtrees,andeverythingfrombuildingstobusesarecoveredwithpink.InternationalCherryBlossomFestival(Macon,Georgia,March21-30)Georgia’sMacon-BibbcountyhasthelargestconcentrationofcherrytreesinanyU.S.county—andboastsnearlyonehundredtimesmorethantheNationalMallinWashington,D.C.Theareacelebratesitsblossomswithplantsales,aparade,concerts,outdoormovies,andmarkets.Thefestivalendswithhotairballoonridesandfireworksoverdowntown.OhioUniversity’sCherryBlossomFestival(Athens,Ohio,March31-April15)OhioUniversity’s217cherrytreeslinethebikepathalongtheHockingRiverbeyondcampus,livinggiftsfromitssisterinstitution,ChubuUniversityinJapan.Eachyear,duringpeakbloom—usuallylateMarchtomid-April—theblossomsacrossfromWrenbaseballstadiumarelitforlate-nightviewing.TheJapaneseStudentAssociationhostsaSakuraFestivaltocelebratetheirflowering.21.WhatdoTheNationalCherryBlossomFestivalandInternationalCherryBlossomFestivalhaveincommon?A.Bothofthemincludeakitefestival.B.Bothofthemincludeoutdoormovies.C.Bothofthemendwithhotairballoonrides.D.Bothofthemincludeaparadeandfireworks.22.WhencanyouattendOhioUniversity’sCherryBlossomFestival?A.April25 B.April13C.March30 D.March2123.Inwhichcolumncanyoureadthistext?A.Travel B.HealthC.Lifestyle D.Education【答案】21.D22.B23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本篇主要介紹了櫻花樹自20世紀(jì)初從日本引入美國后，在美國深受歡迎，并從櫻花開放的時間和活動安排等方面詳細(xì)介紹了美國華盛頓地區(qū)、佐治亞州、和俄亥俄大學(xué)的櫻花節(jié)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheNationalCherryBlossomFestival

中“Eventsincludeakitefestival,paradeandfireworks(活動包括風(fēng)箏節(jié)、游行和煙花)”以及InternationalCherryBlossomFestival

中“Theareacelebratesitsblossomswithplantsales,aparade,concerts,outdoormovies,andmarkets.Thefestivalendswithhotairballoonridesandfireworksoverdowntown.(該地區(qū)通過植物銷售、游行、音樂會、戶外電影和市場來慶祝櫻花的盛開。節(jié)日以市中心的熱氣球飛行和煙花表演結(jié)束。)”可知，TheNationalCherryBlossomFestival和InternationalCherryBlossomFestival這兩個節(jié)日的共同點是都有游行和煙花。故選D。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“OhioUniversity’sCherryBlossomFestival(Athens,Ohio,March31-April15)”(俄亥俄大學(xué)櫻花節(jié)(俄亥俄州雅典市，3月31日至4月15日))”可知，如果想?yún)⒓覱hioUniversity’sCherryBlossomFestival，可以在4月13日去。故選B?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“BlossomingcherrytreesarewidespreadandpopularintheUS.Here’swhenandwheretoseetheseflowersacrosstheUS.(盛開的櫻花樹在美國隨處可見，深受人們喜愛。以下是在美國各地觀賞這些櫻花的時間和地點。)”可知，文章主要介紹了美國幾個觀賞櫻花的地方，這屬于旅游方面的內(nèi)容，所以文章可能選自“Travel”板塊。故選A。BAhandwrittenobituary(訃告)forahippobyazookeeperinEastChina’sNanjinghasspreadquicklyasitdetailedthehippo’slife,movingbothzoovisitorsandnetizensalike.“OnJanuary18,hippoFeiFeipassedawayduetoalunginfection(感染)causedbyasthma,leavinghiswifeJinJinattheexhibitionzone,”readthenoticehandwrittenbyananimalkeeperinHongshanForestZoo.Accordingtotheobituary,FeiFeiwasbornin1997andhadlivedinthezoosinceitopenedin1998.FeiFei,whonevergotsick,wasfoundtodiveshorterandwasdiagnosedwithasthmainMarch2021.Hisconditionkeptworseningdespiteregularmedicalcare,thenoticesaid.“Theskinonhislegsbegantorot...Fearinginfection,Ichangedhiswaterdailyandcarefullyappliedmedicinetoeachwound.However,hestillleft,takingawaymythreeyearsofhopes,”readthenotice.“WewillnotforgetthegreatcontributionsFeiFeimadetothehippopopulationandwevaluethe27yearshespentwithus,”readtheobituary.Thezoohasstartedtodesignandwillsoonbuildanewexhibitionzonewithalargehippohouse,apowerfulfiltrationsystem,asimulatedAfricanecologicalenvironment,alongsideotherAfricananimalsforcompanionship,theobituaryadded.Itiscustomaryforthezootowriteobituariesforcertainanimalsthatpassaway.Thewordsintheobituaryaresimpleandsincere,reflectingthedeeprelationshipbetweenthekeeperandtheanimal,onenetizenwrote.InJanuary2023,thezoopennedanobituaryforsunbearLaoMa,thinkingbacktothe33-year-oldanimal’smomentsatthezoo.24.WhyhasthehandwrittenobituaryforFeiFeispreadquickly?A.It’swrittenbyafamousperson.B.Itannouncedtheopeningofanewzone.C.Itdetailedthehippo’slifeandmovedpeople.D.It’sthefirstobituaryforananimalinthezoo.25.HowdidthekeeperfeelaboutFeiFei’sdeath?A.Hewasupset.B.Hewasrelieved.C.Hewasannoyed.D.Hewasindifferent.26.Whydoesthezooplantobuildanewexhibitionzone?A.Toattractmorevisitors.B.TomakeupforthelossofFeiFei.C.Toshowoffthezoo’sfinancialstrength.D.Tooffertheanimalsabetterlivingenvironment.27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthistext?A.Theimportanceofprotectinghippos.B.Theprocessofananimal’slifeinthezoo.C.ThegoodmanagementofHongshanForestZoo.D.Thecloseconnectionbetweenhumansandzooanimals.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中國南京紅山森林動物園一位飼養(yǎng)員手寫的河馬訃告在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上迅速傳播，其詳細(xì)記述了河馬的一生，感動了動物園游客和網(wǎng)友，更體現(xiàn)了飼養(yǎng)員和動物之間的深厚感情?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ahandwrittenobituary(訃告)forahippobyazookeeperinEastChina’sNanjinghasspreadquicklyasitdetailedthehippo’slife,movingbothzoovisitorsandnetizensalike.(華東南京市一名動物園飼養(yǎng)員為一只河馬手寫了一篇訃告，訃告詳細(xì)敘述了這只河馬的一生，感動了動物園游客和網(wǎng)民。)”可知，這篇手寫的訃告迅速傳播的原因是因為它詳細(xì)敘述了這只河馬的一生，感動了人們。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“‘Theskinonhislegsbegantorot…Fearinginfection,Ichangedhiswaterdailyandcarefullyappliedmedicinetoeachwound.However,hestillleft,takingawaymythreeyearsofhopes,’readthenotice.(訃告上寫著：“他腿上的皮膚開始腐爛……我擔(dān)心感染，每天都給他換水，仔細(xì)給每個傷口上藥。然而，他還是走了，帶走了我三年的希望。”)”可知，飼養(yǎng)員對這只河馬的死感到很難過，因為他為這只河馬付出了很多努力，但還是沒能救活它。由此可推知，飼養(yǎng)員對FeiFei的死感到傷心。故選A?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thezoohasstartedtodesignandwillsoonbuildanewexhibitionzonewithalargehippohouse,apowerfulfiltrationsystem,asimulatedAfricanecologicalenvironment,alongsideotherAfricananimalsforcompanionship,theobituaryadded.(訃告補充道，動物園已經(jīng)開始設(shè)計，并將很快建造一個新的展覽區(qū)，其中包括一個大型河馬館、一個強大的過濾系統(tǒng)、一個模擬的非洲生態(tài)環(huán)境，以及其他非洲動物作為陪伴。)”可知，動物園計劃建造一個新的展覽區(qū)是為了給動物們提供更好的生活環(huán)境。故選D?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itiscustomaryforthezootowriteobituariesforcertainanimalsthatpassaway.Thewordsintheobituaryaresimpleandsincere,reflectingthedeeprelationshipbetweenthekeeperandtheanimal,onenetizenwrote.InJanuary2023,thezoopennedanobituaryforsunbearLaoMa,thinkingbacktothe33-year-oldanimal’smomentsatthezoo.(動物園有為去世的某些動物寫訃告的習(xí)俗。一位網(wǎng)友寫道，訃告中的文字簡單而真誠，反映了飼養(yǎng)員和動物之間的深厚關(guān)系。2023年1月，動物園為33歲的太陽熊老馬寫了一篇訃告，回憶了它在動物園的時光。)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了一名飼養(yǎng)員為去世的河馬手寫了一篇詳細(xì)的訃告，這篇訃告反映了飼養(yǎng)員和動物之間的深厚關(guān)系，并提到動物園有為去世的動物寫訃告的習(xí)俗?？赏浦?，作者想通過這篇文章傳達(dá)人類與動物園動物之間的緊密聯(lián)系。故選D。CHumanoidrobotshaverecentlybeenarrangedtopatrol(巡邏)thestreetsalongsidehumanpoliceofficersinShenzhen,Guangdongprovince,wheretheywerenoticedinhigh-visibilitypolicevestsperformingduties,drawingwidespreadpublicattentionastheyactivelycommunicatewiththepublic.Anonlinepopularvideoshowstherobotwalkinginformationwithpoliceofficersandenthusiasticallyshakinghandswithpeople.Itwavedtothecrowdandcarriedoutvoicecommands,drawingmanyonlookersandbringingthecitystreetstolife.Thesehumanoidrobots,namedasmodelPM01,werereleasedonDecember24,2024.Standingat1.38metrestallandweighing40kg,theycost88,000yuan(US$12,000)each.Despitetheircompactsize,therobotsaredrivenbyapowerfuladvancedlearningalgorithm(算法)formovement,enablingthemtowalknaturallyandsmoothlylikehumansandtoperformcomplexmovementssuchasfrontflips.Equippedwithpowerfulchipsandvarioussensors,includingaLiDARsystem—adevicethatuseslasers(激光)tomeasuredistanceandmaptheirsurroundings—theserobotscanaccuratelyrespondtocommandsandnavigatethroughenvironments.ThePM01wasengineeredbyEngineAI,aShenzhen-basedstartupfoundedin2023.Thecompanyhasalreadyshowedseveralrobotmodels,withthemostgroundbreakingone,theSE01,capableofperformingcomplexactionssuchassquatting,jumping,doingpushups,andbringingitemsback.AlthoughthePM01iscurrentlyinlimitedusewithintheShenzhenpoliceforce,theyhelpofficerswithpatrolduties,possiblyreducingtheirworkload.ThepolicerobotgeneratedsignificantinterestaftervideosweresharedonYouTube.ManyChineseonlineobserversareeagertoseemoretechnologieswalkintotheireverydaylives.Onepersonexpressed:“Beyondmilitaryandlawenforcementapplications,householdservicerobotshavethehighestdemandandgreatestqualitiesthatcanbedevelopedamonghumanoidrobots.Iftheycanreplacehousekeepersatanaffordableprice,wewillenteraneweraofhumanoidrobots.”28.Whatwasthepublic’sfirstreactiontohumanoidrobotspatrollinginShenzhen?A.Thepublicquicklygottiredoftherobots.B.Thepublicwasinterestedintherobots’performance.C.Thepublicfearedthetechandavoidedrobot-patrolledareas.D.Thepublicdoubtedtherobots’abilitytoperformthepoliceduties.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compact”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A.huge B.small C.medium D.wrong30.WhatdoweknowabouttheSE01robotmodel?A.ItismoreexpensivethanthePM01.B.Itisdesignedtoworkmainlyinhouseholds.C.ItcanperformawiderrangeofactionsthanPM01.D.ItisnowbeingusedbytheShenzhenpoliceinlargenumbers.31.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext??A.TheFutureofHumanoidRobots B.TheHighCostofHumanoidRobotsC.TheDevelopmentofHumanoidRobots D.ThePatrolofHumanoidRobotsinShenzhenStreets?【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。本文講述了在廣東省深圳市的街頭，人形機器人PM01與警察一同上街巡邏值勤，從而在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上引起公眾的廣泛關(guān)注。【28題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Humanoidrobotshaverecentlybeenarrangedtopatrol(巡邏)thestreetsalongsidehumanpoliceofficersinShenzhen,Guangdongprovince,wheretheywerenoticedinhigh-visibilitypolicevestsperformingduties,drawingwidespreadpublicattentionastheyactivelycommunicatewiththepublic.(近日，在廣東省深圳市，人形機器人被安排與人類警察一起巡邏街道，在那里，人們注意到它們穿著高能見度的警察背心執(zhí)行任務(wù)，由于它們積極與公眾溝通，引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注)”和第二段“Itwavedtothecrowdandcarriedoutvoicecommands,drawingmanyonlookersandbringingthecitystreetstolife.(它向人群揮手并執(zhí)行語音指令，吸引了許多圍觀者，讓城市街道變得熱鬧起來)”可知，大眾對于機器人在深圳巡邏是感興趣的，故選B?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Standingat1.38metrestallandweighing40kg,theycost88,000yuan(US$12,000)each.(它們高1.38米，重40公斤，每臺售價8.8萬元（合1.2萬美元）)”，后文“therobotsaredrivenbyapowerfuladvancedlearningalgorithm(算法)formovement,enablingthemtowalknaturallyandsmoothlylikehumansandtoperformcomplexmovementssuchasfrontflips(這些機器人由一種強大的先進(jìn)運動學(xué)習(xí)算法驅(qū)動，使它們能夠像人類一樣自然而平穩(wěn)地行走，并執(zhí)行復(fù)雜的動作，如前翻)”結(jié)合Despite表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，此處意思是雖然機器人體型小巧，但是卻是由強大的學(xué)習(xí)算法來驅(qū)動。故B選項“小的”正確。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thecompanyhasalreadyshowedseveralrobotmodels,withthemostgroundbreakingone,theSE01,capableofperformingcomplexactionssuchassquatting,jumping,doingpushups,andbringingitemsback.(該公司已經(jīng)展示了幾種機器人模型，其中最具開創(chuàng)性的是SE01，它能夠執(zhí)行復(fù)雜的動作，如下蹲、跳躍、做俯臥撐和把東西拿回來)”可知SE01能執(zhí)行的復(fù)雜動作范圍更廣，故選C。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Humanoidrobotshaverecentlybeenarrangedtopatrol(巡邏)thestreetsalongsidehumanpoliceofficersinShenzhen,Guangdongprovince,wheretheywerenoticedinhigh-visibilitypolicevestsperformingduties,drawingwidespreadpublicattentionastheyactivelycommunicatewiththepublic.(近日，在廣東省深圳市，人形機器人被安排與人類警察一起巡邏街道，在那里，人們注意到它們穿著高能見度的警察背心執(zhí)行任務(wù)，由于它們積極與公眾溝通，引起了公眾的廣泛關(guān)注)”以及文章圍繞深圳的人形警察巡邏機器人展開介紹，包括機器人的特點、功能、研發(fā)公司等，所以D選項“仿人機器人在深圳街道的巡邏”能準(zhǔn)確概括文章內(nèi)容，是最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。DTheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdiseaseistwiceashighinmenasinwomen,andnewresearchpointstoapossiblereasonwhy:aprotein(蛋白質(zhì))inthebrain.PTEN-inducedkinase1(PINK1)proteinisnotnormallyathreat,andisimportantincontrollingcellularenergyuseinthebrain.However,thenewresearchshowsthatinsomeParkinson’scases,theimmunesystemmistakesPINK1foranenemy,attackingbraincellsthatexpresstheprotein.Accordingtothestudy,ledbyateamfromtheLaJollaInstituteforImmunologyinCalifornia,thePINK1-relateddamagedonebytheimmunesystem’sTcellsismuchmorewidespreadandaggressiveinthebrainsofmenthanwomen.“Thesex-baseddifferencesinTcellresponseswereverystriking,”saysAlessandroSette,“ThisimmuneresponsemaybeacomponentofwhyweseeasexdifferenceinParkinson’sdisease.”UsingbloodsamplesfromParkinson’spatients,theresearcherstestedtheresponseoftheTcellsinthebloodagainstavarietyofproteinspreviouslylinkedtoParkinson’s—findingPINK1stoodout.InthemaleParkinson’spatients,theteamnoticedasix-timeincreaseinTcellstargetingPINK1-taggedbraincells,comparedwithhealthybrains.InthefemaleParkinson’spatients,therewasonlya0.7-timeincrease.Asisalwaysthecasewithresearchofthistype,onceexpertsknowmoreabouthowadiseasegetsstartedandhowitprogresses,thatopensupnewopportunitiesforfindingwaystostopthedamage.“WecouldpossiblydeveloptreatmentstoblocktheseTcells,nowthatweknowwhythecellsaretargetinginthebrain,”saysCeciliaLindestamArlehamn.Furtherdowntheline,beingabletodiscoverthesePINK1-sensitiveTcellsinbloodsamplescouldleadtoParkinson’sdiseasebeingdiagnosedatanearlierstage—whichagainhelpswithtreatmentandpatientsupport.Whilewe’rewaitingtodiscoveracureforParkinson’sdisease,constantprogressisbeingmadeinunderstandingtheriskfactorsinvolvedinitsdevelopment,andnewapproachestodealingwithit.32.WhatcausedthehigherriskofParkinson’sdiseaseinmen?A.MenhavelessPINK1proteinintheirbrains.B.Tcellsinwomenaremoreactivethanthoseinmen.C.TheimmunesysteminmenattacksPINK1moreaggressively.D.Women’simmunesystemsdon’trecognizePINK1asanenemy.33.WhatcanweknowaboutTcellsinParkinson’spatients?A.TcellstargetingPINK1-taggedbraincellsrisemoreinmalepatients.B.Tcellsinfemalepatientsincreasesix-timecomparedwithhealthybrains.C.Tcellsinmalepatientsincreaseby0.7-timecomparedwithhealthybrains.D.TcellstargetingPINK1-taggedbraincellshaveequalriseinbothsexpatients.34.Whatisthepossiblebenefitofthisnewresearch?A.Itcanprotectourimmunesystem.B.ItcancertainlyhelpcureParkinson’sdisease.C.ItcanhelpParkinson’sdiseasebediagnosedearlier.D.ItcanhelpreducetheriskofdevelopingParkinson’sdisease.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Hopeful B.UnclearC.Negative D.Unconcerned【答案】32.C33.A34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了加利福尼亞垃霍免疫學(xué)研究團(tuán)隊的發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性患帕金森的風(fēng)險是女性的兩倍，指出大腦中的PINK1蛋白質(zhì)可能是其原因，有望能開始阻斷T細(xì)胞的療法并有可能實現(xiàn)帕金森疾病的早診斷。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Accordingtothestudy,ledbyateamfromtheLaJollaInstituteforImmunologyinCalifornia,thePINK1-relateddamagedonebytheimmunesystem’sTcellsismuchmorewidespreadandaggressiveinthebrainsofmenthanwomen.(根據(jù)加利福尼亞州拉霍亞免疫學(xué)研究所團(tuán)隊領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項研究，免疫系統(tǒng)T細(xì)胞對PINK1造成的損害在男性大腦中比女性更為廣泛和嚴(yán)重。)”可知，男性免疫系統(tǒng)中攻擊PINK1的情況更嚴(yán)重，這導(dǎo)致了男性患帕金森病的風(fēng)險更高。故選C。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“InthemaleParkinson’spatients,theteamnoticedasix-timeincreaseinTcellstargetingPINK1-taggedbraincells,comparedwithhealthybrains.InthefemaleParkinson’spatients,therewasonlya0.7-timeincrease.(在男性帕金森病患者中，研究小組注意到，與健康大腦相比，靶向PINK1標(biāo)記的腦細(xì)胞的T細(xì)胞數(shù)量增加了6倍。在女性帕金森病患者中，這一數(shù)字僅增加了0.7倍。)”可知，與健康大腦相比，帕金森病患者中，男性靶向PINK1標(biāo)記的腦細(xì)胞的T細(xì)胞數(shù)量增加更多。故選A。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Furtherdowntheline,beingabletodiscoverthesePINK1-sensitiveTcellsinbloodsamplescouldleadtoParkinson’sdiseasebeingdiagnosedatanearlierstage—whichagainhelpswithtreatmentandpatientsupport.(再往后，能夠在血液樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)這些對PINK1敏感的T細(xì)胞，可能使帕金森病在更早的階段得到診斷——這又有助于治療和患者支持。)”可知，這項新研究的可能好處是能幫助帕金森病更早地得到診斷。故選C。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilewe’rewaitingtodiscoveracureforParkinson’sdisease,constantprogressisbeingmadeinunderstandingtheriskfactorsinvolvedinitsdevelopment,andnewapproachestodealingwithit.(雖然我們還在等待發(fā)現(xiàn)帕金森病的治療方法，但在了解導(dǎo)致其發(fā)展的風(fēng)險因素和處理它的新方法方面正在不斷取得進(jìn)展。)”可知，作者對這項研究持樂觀態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inourdailylife，wewilloftenhaveabottleofwaterwithuswhenwegoanywhereandmostofthetimewewilldrinkeverything.___36___Weusuallythrowwaterbottlesintothetrashbecauseweknownothingspecialaboutplasticbottles.However,therearemanyinterestingthingsyoucandowithemptyplasticbottles!Separateeggs.Doyoufinditchallengingtoisolateeggs?Insomerecipes,youneedeggyolk(theroundyellowpartinthemiddleofanegg)andwhiteeggsbutthisprocessisabithard.____37____Breaktheeggintoabowl.Removethelid(蓋子)fromthebottleandpinch(捏)alittle.Thencontinuethepressure,puttheendsintotheeggyolkandstopthepressure.Thisway,theeggyolkwillbeabsorbedintothebottlewhiletheeggwhitewillremainontheplate.___38___Makingbiscuitsandjustrealizedyoudidn’thaveanytoolstocutthem?Plasticbottleswillgiveyouasolutionagain.Makingahomemadebiscuitcutterfromplasticbottlesisthebestwaytoreuseplasticbottlesasyouneverknowthesituationwhenyouneedtouseit.Youjustneedasmallorlargeplasticbottledependingonyourneeds.___39___Makeairconditioners.___40___Youjustneedafanandtwobottlesoficedwater.Sometimes,thefanremoveshotairanddoesnotcooltheroombutnowwehaveasolutionforyou!Filltwolargebottleswithwaterandfreezeuntilice.Then,placethebottleonthefloororonthetableforahighfan.Putthefanbehindthebottleandthefanwillblowthecoldairasthefrozenbottlecausesthetemperaturetodecrease.A.Cutoffthebiscuits.B.Butwhathappensafterwedrinkit?C.Butwhyshouldwereusethesebottlesafterwhendrinkit?D.Don’tworry.Youcansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottles.E.Youcanmakeyourownairconditioningwithplasticbottles.F.It’sverycommontocoolaroominsummerwithairconditioners.G.Cutthebottleintohalfandtakeoneoftwosectionstocutthebiscuits.【答案】36.B37.D38.A39.G40.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了空塑料瓶在日常生活中的三種有趣用途：用空塑料瓶分離雞蛋，用塑料瓶自制餅干切割器和用兩個裝滿冰水并冷凍的大瓶子和風(fēng)扇自制簡易空調(diào)。【36題詳析】上文提到“Inourdailylife，wewilloftenhaveabottleofwaterwithuswhenwegoanywhereandmostofthetimewewilldrinkeverything.(在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪校瑹o論去哪里我們經(jīng)常會帶上一瓶水，而且大多數(shù)情況下我們會把它喝完。)”，說明人們外出時通常會帶水并喝完，B選項“Butwhathappensafterwedrinkit?(但是我們喝完之后會發(fā)生什么呢？)”提出了一個問題，引出了下文對空塑料瓶用途的介紹。B選項中的But與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，且空塑料瓶是喝完水之后的結(jié)果，與下文內(nèi)容連貫。故選B。【37題詳析】上文提到“Insomerecipes,youneedeggyolk(theroundyellowpartinthemiddleofanegg)andwhiteeggsbutthisprocessisabithard.(在一些食譜中，你需要蛋黃（雞蛋中間圓形的黃色部分）和蛋白，但這個過程有點困難。)”，說明分離蛋黃和蛋白有些困難；D選項“Don’tworry.Youcansolvethisproblemwithplasticbottles.(別擔(dān)心。你可以用塑料瓶來解決這個問題。)”提出了一個解決方案，即使用塑料瓶來分離蛋黃和蛋白，與上文內(nèi)容連貫。故選D?！?8題詳析】下文提到“M