湖北省十堰市區(qū)縣普通高中聯(lián)合體2024-2025學年高二下學期4月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省十堰市區(qū)縣普通高中聯(lián)合體2024-2025學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASomecountriesstandoutasparticularlyattractivedestinationsforpeopletryingtomoveabroad—expatriates(abb.expat)duetotheirwelcomingatmosphere,economicopportunities,andhighqualityoflife.Hereareafewofthebestcountriestoconsiderforyournewhome:Canada:Knownforitsstunningnaturallandscapes,Canadaconsistentlyranksamongthetopdestinationsforexpats.Withastrongeconomy,excellenthealthcaresystem,anddiverseculturalscene,Canadaoffersabundantopportunitiesforcareeradvancement,outdoorrecreation,andcommunityengagement.Plus,it’saneasymovewithminimalcultureshockandexpense.Australia:Withitssunnyclimate,laid-backlifestyle,andthrivingeconomy,Australiaisapopularchoiceforexpatsseekingadventure.Thecountry’sstrongjobmarketandworld-classeducationsystemmakeitanattractivedestinationforprofessionals,students,andfamiliesalike.Australia’simmigrationpoliciesarestricter,though.It’seasiertomovetoAustraliaifyouareconsideredaskilledworker,haveaworkpermit,andhavealreadysecuredajob.Germany:Renownedforitshigh-qualityinfrastructure,efficientpublicservices,androbusteconomy,Germanyisamagnetforexpatsseekingstabilityandprosperity.Germanyoffersahighstandardoflivingandabundantopportunitiesforpersonalandprofessionalgrowth.WhilethingsarecertainlydifferentthaninAmerica,youwon’texperiencetoomuchcultureshockinGermany.Singapore:Asaglobalhubforfinance,technology,andinnovation,Singaporeattractsexpatsfromaroundtheworldwithitsdynamiceconomyandurbanlifestyle.Singaporeoffersasafeandwelcomingenvironmentforresidentswithitsmodernfacilitiesandpristinecommunities.1.Whichcountrywillapersonenjoyingnaturalbeautychoosetomoveto?A.Canada. B.Australia. C.Germany. D.Singapore.2.WhowillfindimmigrationtoAustraliaeasier?A.Onewholikesadventures.B.Onewhohasatightbudget.C.Onewhovaluespersonalgrowth.D.Onewhohasreceivedajobofferthere.3.Whatdoesthefourcountrieshaveincommon?A.Greateconomy. B.Pleasantclimate.C.Abundantopportunities. D.Minimalculturalshock.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾個對于想要移居國外的人來說極具吸引力的國家，包括加拿大、澳大利亞、德國和新加坡，分別闡述了它們各自的優(yōu)勢特點等內(nèi)容?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對加拿大的描述“Canada:Knownforitsstunningnaturallandscapes,Canadaconsistentlyranksamongthetopdestinationsforexpats(加拿大：因其令人驚嘆的自然景觀而聞名，一直是外派人員的首選目的地之一)”可知，一個喜歡自然美景的人會選擇移居加拿大，故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)于澳大利亞的內(nèi)容“It’seasiertomovetoAustraliaifyouareconsideredaskilledworker,haveaworkpermit,andhavealreadysecuredajob.(如果你被視為技術(shù)工人、有工作許可證并且已經(jīng)獲得一份工作，移居澳大利亞會更容易)”可知，已經(jīng)收到澳大利亞工作邀請的人移民到那兒會更容易，故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。文中提到加拿大“Withastrongeconomy(有著強勁的經(jīng)濟)”；澳大利亞“Withitssunnyclimate,laid-backlifestyle,andthrivingeconomy(有著陽光明媚的氣候、悠閑的生活方式和蓬勃發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟)”；德國“Renownedforitshigh-qualityinfrastructure,efficientpublicservices,androbusteconomy(以高質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、高效的公共服務(wù)和強勁的經(jīng)濟而聞名)”；新加坡“Asaglobalhubforfinance,technology,andinnovation,Singaporeattractsexpatsfromaroundtheworldwithitsdynamiceconomyandurbanlifestyle.(作為全球金融、技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新中心，新加坡以其充滿活力的經(jīng)濟和都市生活方式吸引著來自世界各地的外派人員)”可知，四個國家的描述中均提到了蓬勃發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟，由此可以推斷出，這四個國家的共同之處是都有著不錯的經(jīng)濟狀況，故選A項。BWhenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7-year-oldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.Cash,whoisnowknownasthe“conservationkid”,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tbrushitaside.Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoacommunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.In2019,Cash,togetherwithaCanadianconservationist,EllaGalaski-Rossen,startedanonprofitcalledtheCleanupKids.Despitelivingindifferentcountries,theymanagedtocreateeducationalvideosontheirYouTubechannel.“WehopetobeareallybignonprofitthateliminatesplasticintheU.S.andCanada,”Cashsaid.“Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesofhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,”Cashsaid.CashwasselectedasoneofAmerica’stop10youthvolunteersof2021bythePrudentialSpiritofCommunityAwards.HealsoearnedthetitleofNationalHonoree,wherehereceiveda$5,000granttogotoanonprofitofhischoice,andhebecamethefirstpersontowintheYouthConservationistAwardtwoyearsinarowfromtheTennesseeWildlifeFederation.“Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheocean—ifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,”hesaid.“Thisismyfun,anditbecomesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.”4.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“brushitaside”inparagraph2?A.keepawake. B.Loseheart.C.turnacleareyetoit. D.putitononeside5.WhatisthepurposeoftheCleanupKidsfounded?A.Tocallforoceanprotection. B.Tomakeinstructivevideos.C.Tospreadmarineknowledge. D.Torecyclewasteplastics.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCashDaniels?A.Determinedandmodest. B.Initiativeandtalented.C.Ambitiousandhumorous. D.Sympatheticanddevoted.7.WhatdoesCashDaniels’storyimply?A.Passionfuelsdreams. B.Greatmindsthinkalike.C.Helpingothersisofgreatfun. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是CashDaniels熱愛大自然，他從7歲開始就對保護地球充滿了熱情，他先從清理河流沿岸開始，并將此發(fā)展成一項人們可以廣泛參與的活動。他被評選為2021年美國十大青年志愿者之一?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段劃線詞之前“HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’t...(畢竟，他是在Chattanooga河邊釣魚長大的！但當他了解到80%來自陸地和河流的垃圾最終都進入了海洋后，他就不能……)”以及第三段開頭“Hestartedwithcleanupsalongtheriver,somethingthatquicklywentfromafamilyaffairtoacommunityeffortwithvolunteersandneighbors.(他從清理河流開始，這件事很快就從家庭事務(wù)變成了志愿者和鄰居的社區(qū)努力。)”可知，當CashDaniels看到了解到80%來自陸地和河流的垃圾最終都進入了海洋以后，他開始對河流岸邊的垃圾進行了清理，最終這件事成為了人們可以廣泛參與的活動，由此可以推測CashDaniels對于最終都進入了海洋的垃圾沒有置之不理，而是采取了積極的行動，所以劃線詞的意思與D項putitononeside(視而不見)意思相近，故選D項。【5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“‘Wewanttoinformkidsandadultsinthelandlockedstatesonhowtheiractionsareconnectedtothewaterandtheocean,’Cashsaid.(卡什說：‘我們想讓內(nèi)陸各州的孩子和成年人了解他們的行為與水和海洋的關(guān)系。’)”可知，theCleanupKids的目的是讓內(nèi)陸各州的孩子和成年人了解他們的行為與水和海洋的關(guān)系，即呼吁人們保護海洋。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Cash,whoisnowknownasthe‘conservationkid’,hasalwayslovednature.HegrewupfishingalongtheChattanoogaRiver,afterall!Butoncehelearnedthat80percentofalltrashfromlandandriversendsupintheocean,hecouldn’tsitback.(Cash現(xiàn)在被稱為‘環(huán)保孩子’，他一直熱愛大自然。畢竟，他是在Chattanooga河邊釣魚長大的！但當他了解到80%來自陸地和河流的垃圾最終進入海洋時，他不能坐視不管。)”可知，Cash熱愛大自然，關(guān)心環(huán)境，所以他是富有同情心的，根據(jù)文章最后一段“‘Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheocean—ifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,’hesaid.‘Thisismyfun,anditbecomesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.’(‘我想環(huán)游世界，教別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系。因為如果你和海洋有聯(lián)系——如果你愛它和它的生物——你就會想要保護它，’他說?！@是我的樂趣，隨著每一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)，它變得更加有趣?！?”可知，Cash想要環(huán)游世界，教育別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系，所以他是有奉獻精神的。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenmostkidsgotothebeach,they’retoofocusedonmakingsandcastlesandsplashingaroundtonoticelitter,butseveralyearsago,for7-year-oldCashDaniels,noticingaplasticstrawsparkedalifelongpassionforsavingtheplanet.(當大多數(shù)孩子去海灘時，他們太專注于堆沙堡和濺水，而沒有注意到垃圾，但幾年前，對7歲的Cash來說，注意到一根塑料吸管激發(fā)了他畢生拯救地球的熱情。)”以及文章最后一段“‘Iwanttotraveltheworld,teachothers,andhelpthemfeelconnectedtotheocean.Becauseifyouareconnectedtotheocean—ifyouloveitandwhatlivesinit—you’llwanttoprotectit,’hesaid.‘Thisismyfun,anditbecomesmorefunwitheverynewdiscovery.’(‘我想環(huán)游世界，教別人，幫助他們感受到與海洋的聯(lián)系。因為如果你和海洋有聯(lián)系——如果你愛它和它的生物——你就會想要保護它，’他說?！@是我的樂趣，隨著每一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)，它變得更加有趣?！?”以及其他段落的內(nèi)容可知，一根塑料吸管激發(fā)了Cash拯救地球的熱情而這種熱情進而轉(zhuǎn)化成了他的夢想，所以Cash的故事暗示了激情可以點燃夢想。故選A項。CAnewstudyinvolvingnearly50.000peoplefromfourcontinentsoffersnewinsightsintoidentifyingthequantityofdailywalkingstepsthatwillbestimproveadults’healthandlongevity（長壽）,andwhethertheidealnumberofstepsdiffersacrosspeopleofdifferentages.Thestudyrepresentsanefforttodevelopanevidence-basedpublichealthmessageaboutthebenefitsofphysicalactivity.Theoften-repeated10.000-step-a-daysayinggrewoutofadecades—oldmarketingactivityforaJapanesepedometer（計步器）,withnosciencetobackitup.LedbyphysicalactivityprofessorAmandaPaluch,aninternationalgroupofscientistsconductedanexperimentamongadultsaged18andolder.Theygroupedthenearly50,000participantsintofourcomparativegroupsaccordingtoaveragestepsperday.Theloweststepgroupaveraged3,500steps;thesecond.5,800;thethird.7,800;andthefourth,10,900stepsperday.Amongthethreehigheractivegroups,therewasa40-53%lowerriskofdeath,comparedtotheloweststepgroup.Morespecifically.foradults60andolder,theriskofearlydeathevenedoutatabout6,000-8,000stepsperday.meaningthatmorestepsthanthatprovidednoadditionalbenefitforlongevity,whileforadultsyoungerthan60,about8,000-10,000stepsperday.“So,whatwesawwasthiscontinuingreductioninriskasthenumberofstepsincreases,untilitlevelsof.Interestingly,thestudyfoundnodefinitiveassociationwithwalkingspeed.”Paluchsays.ThenewstudysupportsandexpandsfindingsfromanotherstudyledbyPaluchbefore,whichfoundthatwalkingatleast7,000stepsadayreducedmiddle-agedpeople’sriskofearlydeath.“There’salotofevidencesuggestingthatmovingevenalittlemoreisbeneficial,particularlyforthosewhoaredoingverylittleactivity.Paluchsays.”Morestepsperdayarebetterforyourhealth.”8.Whydidthescientistscarryoutthenewstudy?A.Toknowaboutpeople’shealthcondition.B.Toexplainthepedometer’sworkingprinciples.C.Todeterminethebestphysicalactivityforpeople.D.Toprovideascientificguidelineondailywalking.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“evenedout”inparagraph3mean?A.turnedhigher. B.keptitsstability.C.becameunstable. D.changedrapidly.10.Whichistrueaccordingtotheexperiment?A.Allthepersonsshouldwalkasmuchaspossible.B.Oldpeopleusuallywalkmorethantheyoung.C.Walkingpaceisthekeytoavoidingearlydeath.D.Themostbeneficialstepsdifferbyagegroups.11.WhatdoesPaluchadvisepeopledoinglittleactivitytodo?A.Towalkmoresteps. B.Tocontrolwalkingspeed.C.Tolimitwalkingdistance. D.Totrackthenumberofsteps.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文通過一項大規(guī)模研究，揭示了不同年齡段每日最佳步行步數(shù)對健康的益處，并強調(diào)增加步數(shù)（尤其是缺乏運動者）的重要性?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Anewstudyinvolvingnearly50.000peoplefromfourcontinentsoffersnewinsightsintoidentifyingthequantityofdailywalkingstepsthatwillbestimproveadults’healthandlongevity（長壽）,andwhethertheidealnumberofstepsdiffersacrosspeopleofdifferentages.Thestudyrepresentsanefforttodevelopanevidence-basedpublichealthmessageaboutthebenefitsofphysicalactivity.(一項涉及來自四大洲近5萬人的新研究為確定每天步行多少步最能改善成年人的健康和長壽提供了新的見解，并探討了不同年齡人群的理想步數(shù)是否有所不同。這項研究代表了一項努力，即制定基于證據(jù)的公共衛(wèi)生信息，宣傳體育活動的益處。)”可知，科學家進行這項新研究是為了提供關(guān)于日常步行的科學指南。故選D項?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語所在句“Morespecifically.foradults60andolder,theriskofearlydeathevenedoutatabout6,000-8,000stepsperday.meaningthatmorestepsthanthatprovidednoadditionalbenefitforlongevity,whileforadultsyoungerthan60,about8,000-10,000stepsperday.(更具體地說，對于60歲及以上的成年人來說，每天走6000-8000步，早逝的風險就會evenedout，這意味著超過這個步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，而對于60歲以下的成年人來說，每天大約走8000-10000步。)”可知，步數(shù)到達一定量之后降低死亡的風險趨于穩(wěn)定，不再變化。由此可推測，劃線短語“evenedout”意為“保持穩(wěn)定”。故選B項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Morespecifically.foradults60andolder,theriskofearlydeathevenedoutatabout6,000-8,000stepsperday.meaningthatmorestepsthanthatprovidednoadditionalbenefitforlongevity,whileforadultsyoungerthan60,about8,000-10,000stepsperday.(更具體地說，對于60歲及以上的成年人來說，每天走6000-8000步，早逝的風險就會保持穩(wěn)定，這意味著超過這個步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，而對于60歲以下的成年人來說，每天大約走8000-10000步。)”可知，不同年齡組最有利的步數(shù)不同。故選D項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的““There’salotofevidencesuggestingthatmovingevenalittlemoreisbeneficial,particularlyforthosewhoaredoingverylittleactivity.Paluchsays.”Morestepsperdayarebetterforyourhealth.”(“有很多證據(jù)表明，多走一點路是有益的，特別是對那些很少活動的人來說。”帕盧奇說?！懊刻於嘧邘撞綄δ愕慕】涤泻锰??！?”可知，帕盧奇建議那些很少活動的人多走幾步。故選A項。DInourbodyeverythingisimportanttoourhealthnomatterhowsmallitis.There’sasmallfattythymus(胸腺),anorganlocatedinourupperchest,justbehindthebreastbone.Thisorganisoftensaidtobea‘waste’inadulthood.However,areviewstudysuggeststhethymusisnotnearlyasuselessasexpertsoncethought.Inchildhood,thethymusisknowntoplayacriticalroleindevelopingtheimmune(免疫的)system.Whenthethymusisremovedatayoungage,patientsshowlong-termreductionsinT-cells,whichareatypeofwhitebloodcellthatfightsagainstgerms(細菌)anddisease.Kidswithoutathymusalsotendtohaveadamagedimmuneresponsetovaccines.Bythetimeapersonhitsadolescence,thethymusshrivelsupandproducesfarfewerT-cellsforthebody.Itcanseeminglyberemovedwithoutimmediateharm,andbecauseitsitsinfrontoftheheart,itisoftentakenoutduringheartsurgery.Forsomepatientswiththymuscancerorautoimmunediseases,theyneedsurgerytoremovethethymus.Butthethymusisn’talwaysaproblem.Usingpatientdatafromastatehealthcaresystem,researchersinBostoncomparedtheoutcomesofpatientswhohadundergoneheartsurgery:morethan6,000people(thecontrolgroup)whodidnothavetheirthymusremovedand1,146peoplewhodidhavetheirthymusremoved.Thosewhounderwentathymusremovalwerealmosttwiceaslikely,ascontrolstodiewithin5years,evenafteraccountingforsex,ageandrace.Patientswhohadtheirthymusremovedwerealsotwiceaslikelytodevelopcancerwithin5yearsofsurgery.Whytheseassociationsexistisunknown,butresearcherssuspectalackofthymusissomehowmessingwiththehealthyfunctionoftheadultimmunesystem.“Together,thesefindingssupportaroleforthethymuscontributingtonewT-cellproductioninadulthoodandtoadulthealth,”theauthorsconclude.Theirresults,theysay,stronglysuggestthatthethymusplaysafunctionallyimportantroleinourcontinuedhealth.12.Whyisthethymusimportantinchildhood?A.Itresultsinblood. B.Itrepairsimmunefunctions.C.Itdamagesimmunesystem. D.ItmakesT-cells.13.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A.Whenthethymusisremovedatayoungage,itwon’taffectT-cells.B.Thefunctionofthethymusisproducingblood.C.Removingthethymusdoesn’tresultinanyproblems.D.Thethymusisacrucialorganinourbody.14.What’sthepurposeofparagraph4?A.toanalysedata. B.Toreachaconclusion.C.Toprovideevidence. D.Toillustratethepurpose.15.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Studiesonthethymusstillneedimproving.B.Preservingthethymusbenefitsadulthealth.C.Heartpatientsshouldhavethethymusmaintained.D.Removingthethymusstimulatestheimmunesystem.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了胸腺在童年時對免疫系統(tǒng)發(fā)育很重要，青春期會萎縮，移除胸腺會影響成年健康，說明其在成年健康中也有重要作用?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenthethymusisremovedatayoungage,patientsshowlongtermreductionsinTcells,whichareatypeofwhitebloodcellthatfightsagainstgermsanddisease(當胸腺在年輕時被切除時，患者的T細胞會長期減少，T細胞是一種對抗細菌和疾病的白細胞）”可知，胸腺在童年時重要是因為它能產(chǎn)生T細胞。故選D項。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Usingpatientdatafromastatehealthcaresystem,researchersinBostoncomparedtheoutcomesofpatientswhohadundergoneheartsurgery:morethan6,000people(thecontrolgroup)whodidnothavetheirthymusremovedand1,146peoplewhodidhavetheirthymusremoved.Thosewhounderwentathymusremovalwerealmosttwiceaslikelyascontrolstodiewithin5years,evenafteraccountingforsex,ageandrace.Patientswhohadtheirthymusremovedwerealsotwiceaslikelytodevelopcancerwithin5yearsofsurgery.(波士頓的研究人員利用一個州醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的患者數(shù)據(jù)，比較了接受心臟手術(shù)的患者的結(jié)果：6000多名（對照組）未切除胸腺的人和1146名切除了胸腺的人。即使考慮了性別、年齡和種族因素，切除胸腺的人在5年內(nèi)死亡的可能性幾乎是對照組的兩倍。切除胸腺的患者在手術(shù)后5年內(nèi)患癌癥的可能性也是對照組的兩倍)”及文章最后一段““Together,thesefindingssupportaroleforthethymuscontributingtonewT-cellproductioninadulthoodandtoadulthealth,”theauthorsconclude.Theirresults,theysay,stronglysuggestthatthethymusplaysafunctionallyimportantroleinourcontinuedhealth(“總之，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)支持了胸腺在成年期對新T細胞產(chǎn)生和成人健康的作用，”作者總結(jié)道。他們說，他們的結(jié)果強烈表明，胸腺在我們持續(xù)的健康中起著功能上重要的作用)”可知，胸腺是我們身體的一個重要器官。故選D項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Usingpatientdatafromastatehealthcaresystem,researchersinBostoncomparedtheoutcomesofpatientswhohadundergoneheartsurgery:morethan6,000people(thecontrolgroup)whodidnothavetheirthymusremovedand1,146peoplewhodidhavetheirthymusremoved.Thosewhounderwentathymusremovalwerealmosttwiceaslikely,ascontrolstodiewithin5years,evenafteraccountingforsex,ageandrace.Patientswhohadtheirthymusremovedwerealsotwiceaslikelytodevelopcancerwithin5yearsofsurgery.(利用來自一個州醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)的患者數(shù)據(jù)，波士頓的研究人員比較了接受心臟手術(shù)的患者的結(jié)果：超過6000名沒有切除胸腺的人（對照組）和1146名切除了胸腺的人。那些接受胸腺切除手術(shù)的人在5年內(nèi)死亡的可能性幾乎是對照組的兩倍，即使在考慮了性別、年齡和種族因素之后也是如此。接受胸腺切除手術(shù)的患者在手術(shù)后5年內(nèi)患癌癥的可能性也是對照組的兩倍)”可知，第四段通過具體的數(shù)據(jù)對比，說明了切除胸腺的患者在5年內(nèi)死亡和患癌癥的可能性更高，可推理出本段為前文提到的胸腺對成年人健康有重要作用提供了證據(jù)支持。故選C項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Together,thesefindingssupportaroleforthethymuscontributingtonewT-cellproductioninadulthoodandtoadulthealth,”theauthorsconclude.Theirresults,theysay,stronglysuggestthatthethymusplaysafunctionallyimportantroleinourcontinuedhealth(“總之，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)支持了胸腺在成年期對新T細胞產(chǎn)生和成人健康的作用，”作者總結(jié)道。他們說，他們的結(jié)果強烈表明，胸腺在我們持續(xù)的健康中起著功能上重要的作用)”可知，作者認為胸腺對成年人的健康有重要作用，B選項“Preservingthethymusbenefitsadulthealth(保存胸腺對成人健康有益)”符合作者的觀點。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Withpeople’slivinglevelsimproving,manypersonsaremoreinterestedintravelling,atthesametimetheyliketravellingalone,especiallyteenagersWhenyouarearrangingtotravelalone,youmayhaveamillionquestions:Whereshouldyougo?Willtherebesomeonetotalkto?Howdoyoustaysafe?Andisitallrighttotravelalone?____16____.Ifyouwanttohaveapleasanttravel,therearemanythingsyoushoulddo.ChooseaplacewhereyoufeelcomfortableandsafeHonestlyspeaking,travelingaloneforthefirsttimeismoreabouttheexperiencethanthedestination.Somakesuretochooseaplacethatyoufeelcomfortablewith.Itcouldbesomewhereclosetohome.____17____.MakeaplanAlwaysmakeaplan.Thatwayyou’llavoidworryingtoomuchoverwhereyou’restaying,whattoseeandhowyou’regettingfromAtoB.BookhotelsaheadoftimeWhenyou’retravelingaloneforthefirsttime,bookinghotelsaheadoftimeisextremelynecessary.Scheduledaccommodationscanmakeyoulessnervous.Inaddition,whenyoubookyourhotel,____18____.Bydoingit,youwon’tbelost____19____Ifyou’regoingtoatouristyplacelikeThailand,therearelotsofotherpeoplewhoaretravelingalone.Mostlikely,they’llbeeasytotalktoandthey’llwanttocommunicate.Theymightalsoaskyoutojointhemfordinnerorabeer.Thathappensalot.LetsomeoneknowwhereyouareYourfamilyandfriendsloveyouandprobablyworryaboutyoueveryday.Whatifyouaretravellingaloneforalongtimewithoutkeepingintouchwiththem?____20____.Thatwillmakeyouandthemfeelsafer.Andincasesomethingdoeshappen,they’llknowwhereyouare.A.Tobeatalkativeperson.B.Itcouldalsobesomewherefarfromyourhome.C.askiftheywillsendadrivertopickyouup.D.Sotextthemandletthemknowwhatyou’reuptothroughoutyourtrip.E.Therearemanythingsthatareworthdoing.F.Actually,travelingaloneisnotasfrighteningasitseems.G.Askpeopleforhelp.【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.A20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種獨自旅行的小技巧來使旅行變得更加舒服和安全。【16題詳析】由上文“Whenyouarearrangingtotravelalone,youmayhaveamillionquestions:Whereshouldyougo?Willtherebesomeonetotalkto?Howdoyoustaysafe?Andisitallrighttotravelalone?(當你安排獨自旅行時，你可能會有一百萬個問題：你應(yīng)該去哪里？有人可以傾訴嗎？你如何保持安全？獨自旅行可以嗎？)”可知，這里主要講獨立旅游的擔心，再結(jié)合下文給出的建議可知，空處應(yīng)講的是不必擔心獨自旅行，所以F項“Actually,travelingaloneisnotasfrighteningasitseems.(事實上，獨自旅行并不像看起來那么可怕)”符合語境，有承上啟下作用。故選F項。【17題詳析】由上文“Somakesuretochooseaplacethatyoufeelcomfortablewith.(所以一定要選擇一個你覺得舒服的地方)”可知，這里指出在旅行時選擇一個你覺得舒服的地方，空處承接上文，具體介紹了讓你舒服的地方，B項“Itcouldalsobesomewherefarfromyourhome(它也可能在離你家很遠的地方)”符合語境，和上文“Itcouldbesomewhereclosetohome(可能在離家很近的地方。)”是并列關(guān)系。故選B項?！?8題詳析】由上文“Scheduledaccommodationscanmakeyoulessnervous.(安排好的住宿可以讓你不那么緊張)”可知，這里指出要安排好住宿，再結(jié)合上文“Inaddition,whenyoubookyourhotel(另外，當你預訂酒店時)”和下文“Bydoingit,youwon’tbelost(這樣你就不會迷路了)”可知，空處指出在訂酒店時如何做能使自己不迷路，所以C項“askiftheywillsendadrivertopickyouup(詢問他們是否會派司機來接你)”符合語境。故選C項?！?9題詳析】此處是本段小標題，根據(jù)下文“Ifyou’regoingtoatouristyplacelikeThailand,therearelotsofotherpeoplewhoaretravelingalone.Mostlikely,they’llbeeasytotalktoandthey’llwanttocommunicate.Theymightalsoaskyoutojointhemfordinnerorabeer.Thathappensalot.(如果你要去一個像泰國這樣的旅游勝地，那里有很多獨自旅行的人。最有可能的是，他們很容易溝通，他們想要交流。他們也可能邀請你和他們一起吃晚飯或喝啤酒。這種事經(jīng)常發(fā)生)”可知，這里主要講要主動與他人交流，所以A項“Tobeatalkativeperson(做一個健談的人)”符合語境，能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A項。【20題詳析】由上文“Yourfamilyandfriendsloveyouandprobablyworryaboutyoueveryday.Whatifyouaretravellingaloneforalongtimewithoutkeepingintouchwiththem?(你的家人和朋友愛你，可能每天都在擔心你。如果你獨自旅行很長一段時間而沒有和他們保持聯(lián)系怎么辦？)”可知，這里提出問題：如果你獨自旅行很長一段時間而沒有和家人朋友保持聯(lián)系怎么辦，空處應(yīng)該對此進行回答，所以D項“Sotextthemandletthemknowwhatyou’reuptothroughoutyourtrip.(所以，給他們發(fā)短信，讓他們知道你在整個旅行中都在做什么)”符合語境，和上文構(gòu)成一問一答。故選D項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Duringmychildhood,therewasanunforgettablemomentthatchangedmylife.Myfamilylivedwithmygrandmainthecharmingoldhouse.Thepropertywas____21____byavegetablegardenandanabundanceoffruittreesandflowersdecoratingthearea.Itwasaplaceofremarkable____22____particularlyinspringandsummer.Grandmabaddozensof____23____plants.Shewouldputthemoutdoors,waterthemandtalkwiththem.Inwinter,shewouldcarrytheplantsinthepots____24____toavoidcold.Theplantswerealiveandevengrewwithwarmth.Inspring,they____25____becametaller,buttheydidn’tflower.Soontheyweresodensethattheyformedanaturalbarrier.Iwas____26____bytheeffortthatmygrandmahad____27____inthoseplants.Plantingthefruittreesandflowersaroundthehousewas____28____—theywereusefulandsmeltgood.ButIdidn’tknowwhyshegrewsomanynon-floweringplants.Tomyyoungmind,itremaineda____29____.Oneday,Iaskedmygrandma,“Whyareyou____30____theseplantssopatiently?Theydon’tgiveusfoodorflowers.”Shesmiledandsaid,“Theyremindmethateveninthedarkestmonths,there’salwayssomethingto____31____.Theybringmejoyasyoudo.SoIlookafterthemandtreatthemliketheappleofmyeye.”Thatmade____32____.ThenIunderstood.Today,Ihaveadifferent____33____ofGrandma’spottedplants.Herdevotiontotheplantsisa(n)____34____ofherloveforherfamily.Sheshowsmethatbeautyandstrengthcanbefoundinthe____35____time.Herlovecontinuestoencouragemeallthetimeespeciallyinadversity.21.A.surrounded B.covered C.helped D.lifted22.A.safety B.charm C.silence D.luxury23.A.ugly B.weak C.painted D.potted24.A.inside B.outside C.nearby D.beside25.A.really B.hardly C.unwillingly D.initially26.A.confused B.frightened C.moved D.pleased27.A.ignored B.devoted C.admitted D.skipped28.A.unnoticed B.alternative C.affordable D.understandable29.A.puzzle B.excitement C.pity D.concept30.A.figuringout B.turningto C.attendingto D.pickingup31.A.amuse B.decorate C.decline D.cherish32.A.trouble B.peace C.noise D.sense33.A.style B.view C.habit D.problem34.A.example B.result C.kind D.reflection35.A.toughest B.shortest C.best D.quietest【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.A26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.D33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者小時候不理解奶奶養(yǎng)護盆栽的原因，長大后明白了熱愛生活、尋找光明的道理?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這處房產(chǎn)被一個菜園和大量的果樹和花卉包圍著。A.surrounded圍繞；B.covered覆蓋；C.helped幫助；D.lifted舉起。根據(jù)后文“byavegetablegardenandanabundanceoffruittreesandflowersdecoratingthearea”指房子被一個菜園和大量的果樹和花卉包圍著。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個魅力非凡的地方，尤其是在春夏時節(jié)。A.safety安全；B.charm魅力；C.silence沉默；D.luxury奢侈品。根據(jù)上文“byavegetablegardenandanabundanceoffruittreesandflowersdecoratingthearea”可知，房子被一個菜園和大量的果樹和花卉包圍著，因此到了春夏時節(jié)，十分美麗，充滿魅力。故選B。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：奶奶有幾十盆盆栽。A.ugly丑陋的；B.weak虛弱的；C.painted著色的；D.potted盆栽的。根據(jù)后文“ofGrandma’spottedplants”可知，奶奶有幾十盆盆栽。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：冬天的時候，她會把花盆里的植物搬到屋里避寒。A.inside在里面；B.outside在外面；C.nearby在附近；D.beside在旁邊。根據(jù)上文“Inwinter,shewouldcarrytheplantsinthepots”指冬天把盆栽搬到屋子里避寒。故選A。【25題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在春天，它們真的長高了，但是它們沒有開花。A.really真地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.initially起初。根據(jù)上文“Theplantswerealiveandevengrewwithwarmth.(植物活了，甚至在溫暖中生長)”以及后文“becametaller”可知，經(jīng)過照顧，盆栽真地長高了，故選A?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我對奶奶在那些植物上所付出的努力感到困惑。A.confused困惑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.moved感動的；D.pleased高興的。根據(jù)后文“Oneday,Iaskedmygrandma,“Whyareyou…theseplantssopatiently?”可知，作者對奶奶的做法感到困惑。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我對奶奶在那些植物上所付出的努力感到困惑。A.ignored忽視；B.devoted投入；C.admitted承認；D.skipped跳躍。根據(jù)上文“theeffortthatmygrandmahad”可知，指奶奶為了照顧植物付出的努力。故選B。【28題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在房子周圍種植果樹和鮮花是可以理解的——它們很有用，而且聞起來很香。A.unnoticed被忽視的；B.alternative可選擇的；C.affordable買得起的；D.understandable可理解的。后文“theywereusefulandsmeltgood”可知，種植果樹和鮮花很有用而且好聞，說明在房子周圍種植果樹和鮮花可以理解，故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我年輕的心靈來說，這仍然是個謎。A.puzzle謎題；B.excitement激動；C.pity遺憾；D.concept概念。根據(jù)上文“ButIdidn’tknowwhyshegrewsomanynon-floweringplants.(但我不知道她為什么種那么多不開花的植物)”指奶奶的做法對作者來說仍然是個謎。故選A。【30題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一天，我問奶奶：“你為什么這么耐心地照料這些植物？”A.figuringout弄清楚；B.turningto求助于；C.attendingto照顧；D.pickingup撿起。根據(jù)上文“Shewouldputthemoutdoors,waterthemandtalkwiththem.

(她會把它們放在戶外，給它們澆水，然后和它們說話)”和后文“SoIlookafterthemandtreatthemlikethe