北京市房山區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

2/2房山區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期診斷性評(píng)價(jià)高二英語(yǔ)第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Atabout11p.m.,Janetgotoffthetrain,wentintohercarandstarteddrivinghome.Shewassofamiliarwiththeroutethatshealmost___1___automatically:turnedlefttotheStationRoad,thenanotherleftontoMontaukHighway,andthen—bang!WhenJanet’scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks,ithitanothervehicleandwas___2___backontothetracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shewas___3___inthevehicle.Asithappened,Andrewwasjustabouttogotosleepwhenheheardasharpnoiseandsawtheaccidentnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Asaretired___4___,Andrew,whowas69,fetchedaflashlightandrushedoutwithout___5___.Arrivingatthespot,Andrewlookedaroundand___6___Janet’scarstraddlingtherailwaytracks.Andthenheheardthebellring,whichsignaledatrain’sarrival.Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour.Thedriver’s___7___cannotbeopenedduetothecollision,soAndrewquicklyrantotheothersideandmanagedtoopenthedoor.Heputtheairbags___8___,seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedherto___9___assoonaspossible.Severalsecondslater,thetraincrashedintothevehicle.“Lastnight,”saidGregory,ChiefoftheDepartmentinSouthCountryAmbulance,“the_____10_____arrivedinpajamas(睡衣褲),notinafiretruck.”1.A.drove B.walked C.rode D.hiked2.A.brought B.went C.pushed D.moved3.A.engaged B.stuck C.absorbed D.spotted4.A.doctor B.driver C.firefighter D.engineer5.A.patience B.doubt C.exception D.hesitation6.A.predicted B.realized C.observed D.discovered7.A.window B.door C.belt D.handle8.A.aside B.down C.on D.up9.A.safety B.security C.station D.shelter10.A.reporter B.police C.hero D.soldier【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C5.D6.D7.B8.A9.A10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了珍妮特的車(chē)在穿越火車(chē)鐵軌時(shí)與另一輛車(chē)相撞，造成她的車(chē)被甩回了鐵軌上并且她也被卡在車(chē)?yán)?，危急時(shí)刻69歲的退休消防員安德魯勇敢地解救她的故事?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她對(duì)這條路線(xiàn)非常熟悉以至于她可以自動(dòng)駕駛：向左到達(dá)車(chē)站路然后左轉(zhuǎn)上蒙托克公路，然后——“砰”的一聲。A.drove駕駛；B.walked走路；C.rode騎；D.hiked遠(yuǎn)足。根據(jù)前文“Atabout11p.m.,Janetgotoffthetrain,wentintohercarandstarteddrivinghome.”可知，珍妮特下了火車(chē)準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)車(chē)回家，由于她對(duì)道路很熟悉幾乎可以達(dá)到自動(dòng)駕駛的程度，此處drove為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)珍妮特的車(chē)剛穿過(guò)鐵軌時(shí)，它撞上了另一輛車(chē)并且又被推回到鐵軌上。A.brought帶來(lái)；B.went去；C.pushed推；D.moved移動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“Arrivingatthespot,Andrewlookedaroundand___6___Janet’scarstraddlingtherailwaytracks.”可知，安德魯在到達(dá)事發(fā)地點(diǎn)時(shí)看見(jiàn)珍妮特的汽車(chē)橫跨在鐵軌上，推斷出事故發(fā)生時(shí)珍妮特的車(chē)又被推到了鐵軌上,pushback意為“推回”，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她受傷了但是被撞車(chē)和彈起的安全氣囊沖擊后，她被卡在了車(chē)?yán)?。A.engaged從事；B.stuck卡??；C.absorbed吸收；D.spotted看見(jiàn)。根據(jù)前文“Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup”可知，珍妮特受傷了而且被撞車(chē)和打開(kāi)的安全氣囊沖擊，推斷出她被卡在車(chē)?yán)锍霾蝗?。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)退休的消防員，69歲的安德魯找出了手電筒然后毫不猶豫地沖了出去。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.driver司機(jī)；C.firefighter消防員；D.engineer工程師。根據(jù)后文“the____10____arrivedinpajamas(睡衣褲),notinafiretruck.”可知，安德魯是穿著睡衣救人的而不是坐著消防車(chē)，推斷出他在退休之前是一名消防員。故選C項(xiàng).【5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個(gè)退休的消防員，69歲的安德魯找出了手電筒然后毫不猶豫地沖了出去。A.patience耐心；B.doubt懷疑；C.exception例外；D.hesitation猶豫。根據(jù)前文“rushedout”和后文“arrivedinpajamas”可知，安德魯在看見(jiàn)事故后是穿著睡衣沖出去的，推斷出他是毫不猶豫去現(xiàn)場(chǎng)救人的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)了事發(fā)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)地點(diǎn)，安德魯環(huán)顧四周發(fā)現(xiàn)珍妮特的車(chē)正橫跨在鐵軌上。A.predicted預(yù)測(cè)；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.observed遵守；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ookedaround”可知，安德魯環(huán)顧四周，車(chē)子橫跨在鐵軌上應(yīng)該是他發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：司機(jī)的門(mén)由于碰撞不能打開(kāi)，所以安德魯快速的跑到了另一邊設(shè)法打開(kāi)了門(mén)。A.window窗戶(hù)；B.door門(mén)；C.belt腰帶；D.handle把手。根據(jù)后文“soAndrewquicklyrantotheothersideandmanagedtoopenthedoor”可知，安德魯快速跑向另一邊并設(shè)法打開(kāi)門(mén)，推斷出駕駛室的門(mén)打不開(kāi)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他把安全氣囊放到了一邊，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副駕駛座位上，直到最后把她拉到了盡可能安全的地方。A.aside在旁邊；B.down向下；C.on在上面；D.up向上。根據(jù)前文“theairbagsthatpoppedup”可知，安全氣囊打開(kāi)了，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知安德魯要救出珍妮特需要先把安全氣囊放到一邊，putaside意為“放到一邊”，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把安全氣囊放到了一邊，抓住她的胳膊，把她拉到副駕駛座位上，直到最后把她拉到了盡可能安全的地方。A.safety安全場(chǎng)所；B.security保護(hù)措施；C.station車(chē)站；D.shelter住所。根據(jù)前文“Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour.”可知，火車(chē)馬上就要開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)了，推斷出安德魯把珍妮特從車(chē)?yán)锞瘸鰜?lái)后為了躲避火車(chē)的撞擊把她送到了安全的地方。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：英雄是穿著睡衣來(lái)的，而不是坐著消防車(chē)。A.Reporter記者；B.police警察；C.hero英雄；D.soldier士兵。根據(jù)前文“Heputtheairbags___8___,seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedherto___9___assoonaspossible.”可知，安德魯救出了車(chē)禍中的珍妮特，所以推斷出他是一名英雄。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。StephenCurrywasthoughtbymanypeopletobeunsuitableforacareerinprofessionalbasketball.However,____11____(select)fortheNBAin2009,hejoinedtheGoldenStateWarriorsandperformed____12____everyone’sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.In2015,Stephen____13____(win)hisfirstNBAchampionship,andheledtheWarriorstotheirfirstchampionshipsince1975.【答案】11.selected12.beyond13.won【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了斯蒂芬·庫(kù)里被許多人認(rèn)為不適合從事職業(yè)籃球生涯。然而，他用精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力超出了所有人的預(yù)期?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：然而，2009年入選NBA，他加盟了金州勇士隊(duì)，憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力，他的表現(xiàn)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞select的邏輯主語(yǔ)是Stephen，兩者之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，作狀語(yǔ)。故填selected?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：然而，2009年入選NBA，他加盟了金州勇士隊(duì)，憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力，他的表現(xiàn)超出了所有人的預(yù)期。however表示轉(zhuǎn)折，別人認(rèn)為他不適合打職業(yè)籃球，他超出所有人預(yù)期，介詞超出是beyond，故填beyond?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2015年，斯蒂芬贏得了他的第一個(gè)NBA總冠軍，他帶領(lǐng)勇士隊(duì)獲得了自1975年以來(lái)的第一個(gè)總冠軍。主語(yǔ)Stephen后缺少謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2015，可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填won。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。PeopleinParislovetheviewofthecity’sold____14____(building),especiallyNotreDameCathedralinParis(巴黎圣母院).____15____thetopofthe850-year-oldchurchandtwo-thirdsoftheroofweredestroyedbyafireonApril16.Parisiansweresoshockedandgatheredaroundthegiantchurch,____16____(pray)forthehundredsoffirefighterswhofoughttheflames.【答案】14.buildings15.But16.praying【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了巴黎圣母院發(fā)生火災(zāi)的故事?！?4題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：巴黎人喜歡這座城市的老建筑，尤其是巴黎圣母院。此處是名詞所有格，即“名詞+of+名詞”，表示“……的……”，所以此處應(yīng)用名詞，且不止一個(gè)建筑，用可數(shù)名詞building的復(fù)數(shù)形式表泛指。故填buildings?！?5題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但這座有850年歷史的教堂頂部和三分之二的屋頂在4月16日被大火摧毀。與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用并列連詞but，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填But?！?6題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：巴黎人非常震驚，聚集在這座巨大的教堂周?chē)瑸閿?shù)百名救火隊(duì)員祈禱。空前已有謂語(yǔ)，該空與空前謂語(yǔ)無(wú)連詞連接，動(dòng)詞pray用非謂語(yǔ)形式，邏輯主語(yǔ)Parisians與動(dòng)詞pray是主謂關(guān)系，pray用現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）表主動(dòng)，作狀語(yǔ)。故填praying。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ThefirstlandmarktocatchmyeyeisthesplendidQingshuiheBridge,the____17____(long)bridgebuiltoverpermafrostintheworld.AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,someof____18____stoptoeatgrassattheirleisure.Thirty-threepassageshavebeenbuiltundertherailway____19____(allow)theanimalstomovesafelyandfreelyintheirnaturalhabitat.WildanimalssuchastheseTibetanantelopeshavenowbeenusingthesepassagesforyears.Theyseemtotallyunaware____20____wearespeedingpastatover100kilometresanhour.【答案】17.longest18.which19.toallow20.that【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文屬于記敘文。描述了在清水河大橋飛馳而過(guò)時(shí)看到的情景?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：首先映入我眼簾的是壯觀的清水河大橋，這是世界上最長(zhǎng)的建在永久凍土上的橋。根據(jù)冠詞“the”及名詞“bridge”可知，此處需要形容詞最高級(jí)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。故填longest?！?8題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：一群藏羚羊正在橋下活動(dòng)，一些停下來(lái)悠閑地吃草。分析題干可知，此處是介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“Tibetanantelopes”，指物，關(guān)系代詞用which，作介詞“of”的賓語(yǔ)。故填which?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：鐵路下面已經(jīng)修了33條通道，讓動(dòng)物們?cè)谧匀粭⒌匕踩杂傻鼗顒?dòng)。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“havebeenbuilt”，所以此處需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，分析句意可知，此處是作目的狀語(yǔ)，故用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填toallow?！?0題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：它們似乎完全沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我們正在以每小時(shí)100多公里的速度飛馳而過(guò)。根據(jù)“Theyseemtotallyunaware”可知空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句句意完整，不缺成分，故用無(wú)任何意義，只起連接作用的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWouldyouliketomakecontributionstoyourcommunity?MembersofLoveZonearecreativeandresponsible,makingthemperfectlyreadytohelphandlevariousproblemsthroughvolunteering.Ifyouwanttomakeadifferenceinyourcommunity,orbeapartofsomethingbiggerthanyourself,thenthisistheplacetostart.HereareafeworganizationsofLoveZonewithvolunteeropportunitiesforteens!HabitatforHumanityEveryonedeservestohaveaplacetheycallhome.ByvolunteeringwithHabitatforHumanity,youcanplayaroleinbuildingupyourcommunity.TheirHabitatYouthProgramsacceptvolunteersbetweentheagesof5and40.MealsonWheelsForthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicenses,here’savolunteeropportunitythatwillmakedrivingworthwhile.200millionmealshavebeendeliveredsofar.Youcanconnectwithyourlocalprovidertogetinvolved.MealsonWheelsisonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheelderly.KeyClubAstheoldestserviceprogramforhighschoolstudents,theKeyClubhasquiteahistoryofhelpingteensgetinvolvedinvolunteering.Becauseclubsarestudent-led,yougetadirectsayinthekindsofserviceprojectsyouwanttodo.Chancesare,there’salreadyachapterinyourschool,butifnot,youcantrytakingtheleadinone.BestBuddiesVolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelppeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilitiesandyoucanmakethemconnectedwithotherpeople.Joinaschoolchapter(orstartyourown)tousefriendshipasatooltoimprovethesenseofbelonginginyourcommunity.Anddon’tworry.Evenifyoucan’tvolunteerphysically,therearealsotonsofonlinevolunteeropportunitiesavailable!Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreaboutjoiningaworthwhilevolunteerorganization,pleaseclickatwww.LoveZ.21.WhatisrequiredforjoiningMealsonWheels?A.Adriver’slicense. B.Anurse’slicense.C.Ateachercertificate. D.Anarchitectcertificate.22.Tohelppeoplewithdevelopmentaldisabilities,youcanjoin.A.HabitatforHumanity B.MealsonWheelsC.KeyClub D.BestBuddies23.Theauthorwritesthispassageto.A.getmorepeopletocontributetosocietyB.teachteenstobecreativeandresponsibleC.raisepublicawarenessofcommunityaffairsD.instructteensinwaystoearnvolunteerhours【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為應(yīng)用文。作者通過(guò)介紹LoveZone組織和它提供的幾個(gè)志愿者活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，號(hào)召更多的年輕人去做志愿者?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由MealsonWheels中的“Forthoseteenswhojustgottheirlicenses,here’savolunteeropportunitythatwillmakedrivingworthwhile.200millionmealshavebeendeliveredsofar.(對(duì)于那些剛剛拿到駕照的青少年來(lái)說(shuō)，這里有一個(gè)志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)，這將使駕駛變得值得。到目前為止，已經(jīng)提供了2億份餐食)”和“MealsonWheelsisonamissiontomeetthenutritionalandsocialneedsoftheelderly.(MealsonWheels旨在滿(mǎn)足老年人的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和社會(huì)需求)”可知，有駕照的青少年可以加入志愿者M(jìn)ealsonWheels給老人送飯。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由BestBuddies中的“VolunteerwithBestBuddiestohelppeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilitiesandyoucanmakethemconnectedwithotherpeople.(與BestBuddies一起做志愿者，幫助有智力和發(fā)育障礙的人，你可以讓他們與其他人取得聯(lián)系)”可知，為了幫助有發(fā)育障礙的人，你可以加入BestBuddies。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，作者介紹了LoveZone組織和它的志愿者活動(dòng)，最后一段中的“Evenifyoucan’tvolunteerphysically,therearealsotonsofonlinevolunteeropportunitiesavailable!Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreaboutjoiningaworthwhilevolunteerorganization,pleaseclickatwww.LoveZ.(即使你不能親自做志愿者，也有很多在線(xiàn)志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)！如果你想了解更多關(guān)于加入一個(gè)有價(jià)值的志愿者組織的信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊www.LoveZ)”可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是為了號(hào)召更多的人去做志愿者。故選A項(xiàng)。BBornin1928,EugenioMonti,wasthebestyoungItalianskierofhisgeneration.HebecameknownastheFlyingRedheadandwonseveralnationaltitles,butin1951anaccidentcalledanendtohisskiingcareer.Itwasthenthatheswitchedtobobsleigh.In1954hewonhisfirstItalianchampionshipandstartedtodominatethesportinItalyandbeaforceinternationallyformorethanadecade.However,MontiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobeawardedthePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.Atthe1964GamesinInnsbruck,Austria,MontiandhispartnerSergioSiorpaeswerethedefendingworldchampions,whichmadethemfavouritesinthetwo-manevent.MontiwasdesperatetoaddOlympicgoldstohismedalcollectionbecausehewas36yearsoldthenandhadalreadysufferedseriousproblemswithhisknees,arguablyrunningoutoftimetoachievehisOlympicdreams.ButtheywereinheatedcompetitionwiththeBritishteamofAnthonyNashandRobinDixon.Aftertworunsonthefirstday,theBritishledthefield.Ondaytwo,however,afaultyaxle(車(chē)軸)onthesledwouldhavebeensuretoleadtotheirwithdrawal,ifitweren’tforMontiofferingtolendthemthebolt(螺栓)fromhissled.TheBritishpairwentontorecordthefastesttimeonthatfinalrunandwongoldbyjust0.12seconds,whileMontiandSiorpaesclaimedthebronze.Fourdayslaterinthefour-manevent,Monti’sselflessnesstowardshisfellowcompetitorsshonethroughforasecondtimewhentherearaxleontheCanadianteam’ssledwasdamaged.MontisenttheItalianteam’smechanicstorepairit,withtheconsequencethattheCanadianteamwongold,withMontihavingtosettleforanotherbronze.MontiwasrecognisedwiththePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipafterthe1964WinterGames.Andfouryearslater,attheageof40,atthe1968GamesinGrenoble,MontifinallyfulfilledhisdreamofbeinganOlympicchampion.24.WhatcanbelearnedaboutEugenioMontifromthepassage?A.Hecompletelyfailedinachievingmedalsatthe1964WinterGames.B.Hehadachievednationalandinternationalgoldsinskiingbefore1951.C.HehelpedAnthonyNashandRobinDixontwiceinInnsbruck,Austria.D.HewasawardedthefirstPierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanship.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“favourties”inParagraph2mean?A.Sportsmenwhohaveastrongfanbase.B.Competitorswhoareexpectedtowin.C.Athleteswhoreceivebettertreatments.D.Playerswhoarelikedbetterbypeople.26.WhatcanbestdescribeEugenioMontiaccordingtothepassage?A.Generousandselfless.B.Curiousandadaptable.C.Responsibleandcourageous.D.Perseveringandhardworking.27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EugenioMonti—theFlyingRedheadB.EugenioMonti—AnOlympicLegendC.EugenioMonti—ARealBobsleighChampionD.EugenioMonti—AnAthletewithSportsmanship【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。文章講述了出生于1928年的意大利最優(yōu)秀的年輕滑雪者尤金尼奧·蒙蒂以及在1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌氖论E?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,MontiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobeawardedthePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.(然而，人們更廣泛地記得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)員。)”可知，他被授予第一個(gè)顧拜旦體育精神獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。故選D。【25題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Atthe1964GamesinInnsbruck,Austria,MontiandhispartnerSergioSiorpaeswerethedefendingworldchampions,whichmadethemfavouritesinthetwo-manevent.(在1964年奧地利因斯布魯克奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，蒙蒂和他的搭檔塞爾吉奧·西奧帕斯是衛(wèi)冕世界冠軍，這使他們成為兩人項(xiàng)目的favourites)”可知，因?yàn)樗麄兪切l(wèi)冕世界冠軍，所以成為兩人項(xiàng)目最有希望獲勝的，由此可知，劃線(xiàn)單詞“favourites”與B項(xiàng)“預(yù)計(jì)將獲勝的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手”意思一樣。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ondaytwo,however,afaultyaxle(車(chē)軸)onthesledwouldhavebeensuretoleadtotheirwithdrawal,ifitweren’tforMontiofferingtolendthemthebolt(螺栓)fromhissled.(然而，第二天，如果不是蒙蒂愿意把雪橇上的螺栓借給他們，雪橇上的軸有故障肯定會(huì)導(dǎo)致他們撤退。)”說(shuō)明蒙蒂很慷慨；以及第四段“Fourdayslaterinthefour-manevent,Monti’sselflessnesstowardshisfellowcompetitorsshonethroughforasecondtimewhentherearaxleontheCanadianteam’ssledwasdamaged.(四天后，在四人滑雪比賽中，當(dāng)加拿大隊(duì)雪橇的后軸受損時(shí)，蒙蒂對(duì)其他對(duì)手的無(wú)私再次顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。蒙蒂派意大利隊(duì)的機(jī)械師去修理，結(jié)果加拿大隊(duì)贏得了金牌，蒙蒂只得再拿一枚銅牌。)”可知，蒙蒂非常的無(wú)私。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,MontiismorewidelyrememberedasthefirstathletetobeawardedthePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipdisplayedduringthe1964WinterOlympicGames.(然而，人們更廣泛地記得，蒙蒂是第一位在1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)上因表現(xiàn)出的體育精神而被授予皮埃爾·德·顧拜旦獎(jiǎng)?wù)碌倪\(yùn)動(dòng)員。)”以及最后一段“MontiwasrecognisedwiththePierredeCoubertinMedalforsportsmanshipafterthe1964WinterGames.Andfouryearslater,attheageof40,atthe1968GamesinGrenoble,MontifinallyfulfilledhisdreamofbeinganOlympicchampion.(1964年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)后，蒙蒂被授予顧拜旦體育精神獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。四年后，?968年格勒諾布爾奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，40歲的蒙蒂終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了他成為奧運(yùn)冠軍的夢(mèng)想。)”可知，尤金尼奧·蒙蒂雖然因?yàn)?次幫助雪橇出故障的對(duì)手而錯(cuò)失奧運(yùn)金牌，但是展現(xiàn)了體育精神，是真正的雪橇冠軍。故“EugenioMonti-真正的雪橇冠軍”適合做標(biāo)題。故選C。CAsIreadaboutSarahLoh’sjourneytobecomingthefirstfemalechiefexecutiveoftheAustralianFootballLeague(AFL)lastweek,Iwasencouragedbytheresilience(堅(jiān)韌)sheshowedtobecomealeaderinhersport,butalsodisappointedattheunfairtreatmentshefacedtogetthere.Lohhadtodealwithmanyofthesamequestionswomeninsportsoftenface,suchas:“Howcanawomancoachorleadwhenshehasneverplayedsports?”ButasanAsianwoman,Lohalsofacedquestionswithanaddedlayerofracism:“Whatwouldamulticulturalwomanknowaboutfootball?”ArecentVictoriaUniversitysurveyof221diversewomenmadeupofcurrentandformercoaches,managersandboardmembersfoundthathalfoftherespondentswereunhappywiththeirleadershiprolesandthatmanyaspiringleadersbelievedtheirgenderandbackgroundwerebarriers.Womenfromdifferentbackgrounds,races,religions,classesandsexualorientationscansometimesexperiencemultiplelayersofinjusticedependingonthecontext.Inordertoaddresstheseinequalities,therearepracticalstepssportingorganizationscantaketocreatewelcomingandinclusiveenvironmentsforwomeninsportsateverylevel.Inrecentyears,nationalsportingorganizationsacrossAustraliahaveshownanincreasingcommitmenttoandengagementinthepromotionofgenderequalityandrespecttopreventviolenceagainstallwomen.Recognizingtheirownprofileandinfluence,theyhavetakenactivestepstoaddressthedriversofviolenceandinequality,includingthrougheducationandawareness-raisingprogramssuchasCarltonRespects.Sportshaveaninfluencewaybeyondthefield,courtorgreenonwhichthey’replayed,andtheyprovideanopportunitytosetandmaintainpositivecommunitystandards.Whileresilienceisagreatstrengthtopossessasaleader,womenofcolor,AboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderwomenorthosefromrefugeeandmigrantbackgroundsshouldn’tberequiredtowearsuchathicksetofarmor(防御)tosimplyworkinsports.Surelyrespect,equalityandsafetyforallisnottoomuchtoaskfor.28.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahLohfromthetext?AShefacedunfairtreatmentasaplayerintheAFL.B.SheisthefirstChinesechiefexecutiveintheAFL.C.HersportsachievementsmadeheraleaderintheAFL.D.Herroadtosuccesswashardduetohergenderandrace.29.Whichmeasurehasbeentakentosolvetheproblemofgenderinequality?A.Strengtheningfemalesresiliencebytraining.B.Establishingmorefemalesportingorganizations.C.Raisingpublicawarenessofviolenceagainstwomen.D.Offeringmoreopportunitiesforwomentotakesports.30.Theauthorwritesthispassageto.A.recognizethevalueoffemaleleadersB.callforequalityandrespectforfemalesC.encouragemorefemalestotakesportsD.presentthedifficultiesfemaleleadersface【答案】28.A29.C30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以澳大利亞足球聯(lián)盟第一位女性首席執(zhí)行官SarahLoh遭遇的不公平對(duì)待為例，就該如何消除對(duì)女性的性別歧視，尊重她們，提了一些已經(jīng)實(shí)施的和可以實(shí)施的措施?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AsIreadaboutSarahLoh’sjourneytobecomingthefirstfemalechiefexecutiveoftheAustralianFootballLeague(AFL)lastweek,Iwasencouragedbytheresilience(堅(jiān)韌)sheshowedtobecomealeaderinhersport,butalsodisappointedattheunfairtreatmentshefacedtogetthere.(上周，當(dāng)我讀到SarahLoh成為澳大利亞足球聯(lián)盟第一位女性首席執(zhí)行官的歷程時(shí)，我因她成為這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者表現(xiàn)出的堅(jiān)韌而感到備受鼓舞，但同時(shí)也對(duì)她在這里所面臨的不公平待遇感到失望)”可知，SarahLoh遭受了不公平的對(duì)待。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Recognizingtheirownprofileandinfluence,theyhavetakenactivestepstoaddressthedriversofviolenceandinequality,includingthrougheducationandawareness-raisingprogramssuchasCarltonRespects.(認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的形象和影響力，這些組織已采取積極措施，解決暴力和不平等的驅(qū)動(dòng)因素，包括通過(guò)教育和提高認(rèn)識(shí)項(xiàng)目，如CarltonRespects)”可知，為了解決性別不平等的問(wèn)題和暴力問(wèn)題，這些機(jī)構(gòu)通過(guò)一些教育和提高認(rèn)識(shí)項(xiàng)目提升公眾對(duì)婦女暴力這一問(wèn)題的意識(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Surelyrespect,equalityandsafetyforallisnottoomuchtoaskfor.(當(dāng)然，對(duì)所有人的尊重，平等和安全要求并不過(guò)分)”可推知，本文以女性領(lǐng)袖SarahLoh遭受的不公平的對(duì)待為例，旨在呼吁關(guān)注包含女性在內(nèi)的所有人的尊重，平等和安全。故選B項(xiàng)。DCoralsarecomebackcreatures.Astheworldfrozeandmeltedandsealevelsroseandfellover30,000years,Australia’sGreatBarrierReef,whichisroughlythesizeofItaly,diedandrevivedfivetimes.Butnow,duetohumanactivities,coralsfacethemostcomplexconditiontheyhaveyethadtodealwith.AccordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimatechange,ariseinglobaltemperaturesof1.5℃couldcausecoralreefstodecline70-90%.Theplanetisabout1℃hotterthaninthe19thcenturyanditsseasarebecomingwarmer,stormierandmoreacidic(酸性的).Thisisalreadyaffectingrelationsbetweencoralsandthesingle-celledalgae(海藻),whichgivethemtheircolor.Whenwatersbecomeunusuallywarm,algaefloataway,leavingreefsaghostlywhite.This“bleaching”ishappeningfivetimesasoftenasitdidinthe1970s.Meanwhilethechangingchemistryoftheoceansmakesitharderforcoralstoformtheirstructures.Ifcoralsgo,diversandmarinebiologistsarenottheonlypeoplewhowillmissthem.Reefstakeuponlyapercentoftheseafloor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanet’sfishdiversity.Thefishthatreefsshelterareespeciallyvaluabletotheirpooresthumanneighbors,manyofwhomdependonthemasasourceofprotein.Roughlyaneighthoftheworld’spopulationliveswithin100kmofareef.Coralsalsoprotect150,000kmofshorelineinmorethan100countriesandterritoriesfromtheoceansbuffeting(肆虐),aswellasgeneratingbillionsofdollarsintourismrevenue.Coralsystemsmustadaptiftheyaretosurvive.Theyneedprotectionfromlocalsourcesofharm.Theireco-systemssufferfromwastefromfarms,buildingsitesandblastfishing.Governmentsneedtoimposetighterrulesontheseindustrials,suchastougherlocalbuildingcodes,andtoputmoreeffortintoenforcingrulesagainstoverfishing.Settingupmarineprotectedareascouldalsohelpreefs.Localswhofearfortheirlivelihoodscouldbegivenworkasrangerswiththejoboflookingafterthereserves.Visitorstomarineparkscanberequiredtopayaspecialtax,likewhathasbeendoneintheCaribbean.Manyreefsthathavebeendamagedcouldbenefitfromrestoration.Coral’sbiodiversityoffershope,becausethesamecoralwillgrowdifferentlyunderdifferentconditions.CoralsofthewesternPacific,forexample,canwithstandhighertemperaturesthanthesamespeciesintheeasternPacific,whichprovesawayforwardtoencouragecoralstogrowinnewspots.31.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayhappentocoralreefswhenwatersbecomewarm?A.Floatingaway. B.Changingforms.C.Turningwhite. D.Becomingacidic.32.AccordingtoParagraph4,thegovernmentsshould.A.banpeoplefromfishinginthecoralreefareasB.reducethenumberofvisitorstothemarineparksC.callonvolunteerstolookafterthemarinereservesD.carryoutstricterrulesonindustriesaroundthecoast33.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Coralshaveexperienceddeathandrevivalforfivetimes.B.Reefsplayanimportantpartinprotectingthefishdiversity.C.Coralsystemssufferfromagriculture,tourismandfishing.D.Thegrowthofcoralhasnothingtodowiththecondition.34.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toattachmoreimportancetocoralreefsprotection.B.Topresentthesignificanceofcoralreefstotheworld.C.Toexposetheinfluenceofclimatechangeoncoralreefs.D.Toappealtogovernmentsforquickactiontosavecoralreefs.【答案】31.C32.D33.B34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要描述了珊瑚礁面臨的復(fù)雜環(huán)境，它對(duì)人類(lèi)的幫助，針對(duì)政府及人類(lèi)對(duì)其保護(hù)措施的建議?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenwatersbecomeunusuallywarm,algaefloataway,leavingreefsaghostlywhite.(當(dāng)海水變得異常溫暖時(shí)，藻類(lèi)就會(huì)漂走，讓珊瑚礁變成一片幽靈般的白色)”可知，當(dāng)海水變暖之后，珊瑚會(huì)變成白色，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Governmentsneedtoimposetighterrulesontheseindustrials,suchastougherlocalbuildingcodes,andtoputmoreeffortintoenforcingrulesagainstoverfishing.(政府需要對(duì)這些行業(yè)實(shí)施更嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定，比如更嚴(yán)格的地方建筑法規(guī)，并投入更多的精力來(lái)執(zhí)行禁止過(guò)度捕撈的規(guī)定)”可知，政府應(yīng)該對(duì)沿海地區(qū)的工業(yè)實(shí)行更嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定。故選D項(xiàng)【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Australia’sGreatBarrierReef,whichisroughlythesizeofItaly,diedandrevivedfivetimes.(澳大利亞大堡礁的面積大致相當(dāng)于意大利，但它曾5次死亡并復(fù)活)”可知，澳大利亞大堡礁曾經(jīng)歷過(guò)5次死亡并復(fù)活，并不是說(shuō)所有的珊瑚礁，選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中“Reefstakeuponlyapercentoftheseafloor,butsupportaquarteroftheplanet’sfishdiversity.(珊瑚礁只占海床的百分之一，卻支撐著地球上四分之一的魚(yú)類(lèi)多樣性)”可知，珊瑚礁對(duì)于魚(yú)類(lèi)的多樣性的保護(hù)方面有著重要的作用，選項(xiàng)B與文意相符；倒數(shù)第三段中“Theireco-systemssufferfromwastefromfarms,buildingsitesandblastfishing.Governmentsneedtoimposetighterrulesontheseindustrials,suchastougherlocalbuildingcodes,andtoputmoreeffortintoenforcingrulesagainstoverfishing.(它們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭受農(nóng)場(chǎng)、建筑工地和爆破捕魚(yú)的威脅。各國(guó)政府需要對(duì)這些行業(yè)實(shí)施更嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定，比如更嚴(yán)格的地方建筑法規(guī)，并加大力度執(zhí)行禁止過(guò)度捕撈的規(guī)定)”可知，珊瑚礁受到農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)和過(guò)度捕撈的影響，選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；最后一段中“Coral’sbiodiversityoffershope,becausethesamecoralwillgrowdifferentlyunderdifferentconditions.(珊瑚的生物多樣性帶來(lái)了希望，因?yàn)橄嗤纳汉髟诓煌臈l件下會(huì)有不同的生長(zhǎng))”說(shuō)明珊瑚礁的生長(zhǎng)會(huì)受到條件的影響，選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀文章，根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butnow,duetohumanactivity,coralsfacethemostcomplexconditiontheyhaveyethadtodealwith.(但現(xiàn)在，由于人類(lèi)的活動(dòng)，珊瑚面臨著迄今為止最復(fù)雜的環(huán)境條件)”引出本文的話(huà)題，文章接著描述了珊瑚礁面臨的復(fù)雜環(huán)境，它對(duì)人類(lèi)的幫助，針對(duì)政府及人類(lèi)對(duì)其保護(hù)措施的建議。由此推知，文章的主要目的是想提高人們對(duì)珊瑚礁的保護(hù)意識(shí)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoFindYourMuseThroughCreativePursuitsHaveyoueverheardthefamousquote“Geniusis1percentinspirationand99percentperspiration”?____35____Someartists,writers,poets,musicians,andevenscientistslooktoamuseasthesourceoftheircreativityorgenius.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoutofindyourmuse.Listentomusic.Songs,andmusicingeneral,canhelpyourelax.____36____Music,specificallylyrics,canalsotransportyoutoaspecifictimeorplaceandprovideyouwithideastohelpsparkyourowncreativity.Writewhatevercomestomindtogetyourcreativityflowing.Youmaynothaveanyconcreteideas,butsimplywritingsomethingdowncanhelpgeneratecreativethoughts.Consideritaformofbrainstorming.Rememberthatyoucanalwaysstartoverorrevisepreviousthoughtsbeforeyoufinishafinaldraft.Writing,inandofitself,canhelpyougeneratethoughts.____37____Itisbestifyoudothistypeofwritingbyhand,becauseitwillconnectyoumorefullytothewritingprocess.____38____Evenifyousticktoonetypewhenyouwrite,youcanborrowsmallerconcepts,thelatesttrend,personalitypreferences,sceneryideas,andsomuchmorefromreadingdifferenttypesofbooks.Eachstorywasprobablyinspiredfromtheauthor’sownexplorationofotherbooksortalesandthingsthathappenedtooraroundhiminhisdailylives.Trydoodling(涂鴉)ordrawingtorelaxandstimulateyourcreativity.____39____Instead,tryspontaneous(自發(fā)的)activities,suchasdoodlingorabstractdrawing,asawaytobecreativewithoutthepressurethatcancomewithcreatingfinishedart.A.Peoplefindinspirationinallsortsofcreativeactivities.B.Readalotofdifferentstoriestofindcreativeinspiration.C.Tryfreewritingorjournalingfor15mi