遼寧省鞍山市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省鞍山市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhenyouareabouttogotoaboardingschoolinEngland,therearemanydifferentquestionsthatmaycometomind.Butonceyoutakesometimeonthem,youwillcertainlyfeeleasy.Hereisanormalboardingday.EarlyMorningUsuallyboardersgetuparound7:00amandhavearoundanhourtotakeashowerandputontheiruniformbeforebreakfast.LessonsClassesstartat9:00amandeverylessonlastsfor50minutes.Aftertwolessons,you’llhaveashortbreakat10:40am.Thenextperiodofclasseswillincludetwomorelessons.LunchLunchisusuallyheldaround12:30pmatthedininghall,whereyou’lljoinyourfriendstoenjoyahotdish.Afteranhouroflunch,you’llhavethreeorfourmorelessonstoattend.DinnerAt5:00pmyouwillhavefinishedyourschoollessonsfortheday.MostboardingschoolsintheUKoffertheirfullboardersdifferentkindsofhotmealstochoosefrom.ActivitiesAllboardingschoolsintheUKprovidemanydifferentkindsofactivitiesfortheirboarders,suchasfootball,swimming,golforart.PrepAnimportantpartofboardingschoollifeisthesupervisedhomeworksessionknownas“prep”.Althoughprepmightsoundstressful,it’sagreatwayforyoutokeepupwithyourstudies.FreetimeOnceyouaredonewithyourclassesandactivities,it’stimetorelax.BedtimeInmostboardingschools,thelightsgooutaround10:30pm.Beingnervousbeforeyougotoaboardingschooliscompletelynormalandunderstandable.Hopefully,beingawareoftheusualroutineyou’llbefollowingcanhelpyou.Onceyouarethere,youwillseehowexcitinglifeinaboardingschoolinEnglandcanbe.1.WhatdoweknowaboutboardingschoolsinEnglandfromthetext?A.Theyturnoffthelightsaround10:30pmB.Classesusuallystartat8:30am.C.Theydon’tgivestudentsanyfreetime.D.Studentscanhaveashortbreakafterfourlessons.2.Whatcanhelptheboarderskeepupwiththeirstudiesintheboardingschool?A.Havinglessons. B.Enjoyingfreetime.C.Supervisedhomeworksessions. D.Doingvariousactivities.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.ToattractmorestudentstoEngland’sboardingschools.B.Tohelpstudentsknowaboutboarders’lifeinEngland.C.TocomparethelifeinEngland’sboardingschoolswiththatinChina.D.ToillustratehowexcitinglifeinaboardingschoolinEnglandcanbe.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章介紹了一所英國寄宿學(xué)校的日常生活安排，旨在幫助即將進入寄宿學(xué)校的學(xué)生了解日常流程，緩解他們的緊張情緒。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Bedtime”部分中的“Inmostboardingschools,thelightsgooutaround10:30pm.(在大多數(shù)寄宿學(xué)校，晚上10:30左右熄燈)”可知，寄宿學(xué)校通常在晚上10:30左右熄燈，故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Prep”部分中的“Animportantpartofboardingschoollifeisthesupervisedhomeworksessionknownas‘prep’.Althoughprepmightsoundstressful,it’sagreatwayforyoutokeepupwithyourstudies.(寄宿學(xué)校生活的一個重要部分是被稱為“預(yù)習(xí)”的監(jiān)督式作業(yè)時間。盡管預(yù)習(xí)聽起來可能有壓力，但這是一種很好的方式，可以幫助你跟上學(xué)業(yè))”可知，監(jiān)督式作業(yè)時間有助于學(xué)生跟上學(xué)業(yè)，故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句“WhenyouareabouttogotoaboardingschoolinEngland,therearemanydifferentquestionsthatmaycometomind.(當(dāng)你即將前往英國的寄宿學(xué)校時，你可能會想到許多不同的問題。)”可知，文章主要介紹了英國寄宿學(xué)校的日常生活安排，包括起床、上課、午餐、晚餐、活動、預(yù)習(xí)和休息時間等，目的是幫助學(xué)生了解寄宿學(xué)校的生活，故選B項。BWhenIwassix,anewfamilymovedintothehousenextdoor.Therewasagirl,Frances,whowasaboutmyage.Webecamebestfriendssoon.Iwastooyoungtonoticewhatwasreallygoingoninherlife,butmymotherdid.MomnoticedthatFrancesneverinvitedanyoneintotheroomstheylivedin.Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.Momnevermentionedanythingtome.Butsheonceasked,“WouldyoumindifIgiveFrancessomeofyourclothes?”Iagreed.Francesseemedverythrilled.MombegantospendmoretimewithFrancesandme.SheandIhadalwaysdonekitchenjobstogether,butnowthethreeofusweremakingbiscuitsandwashinguptogether.Franceswasalwayswillingtohelp,aslongasMomwasthere.AndsometimestheywouldjustsittogetherandtalkwhileIwasoffdoingsomethingelse.Thatroutine(日常事物)continueduntilwewerebothteenagers.ButthenhermotherdecidedtheyweremovingbacktoIreland.Wepromisedtowritetoeachother.Oneday,mymomcalledtosaythataletterfromFranceshadarrived.“WhenIwasfour,myfatherdied.Mymothertriedtomakemoney.Sheignoredme.Yourmomsavedme.Withoutherloveandattention,Iwouldneverhavesurvived(渡過難關(guān))mychildhood.Ihaveusedyourmother’sexampleasmyguidetocareforpeoplearoundme.”Mymothertaughtmemanythings,butthiswashermostvaluablelesson.Watchingherexampleandseeingthelife-changingresultswerepowerful.Wewillneverknowhoworwhenouractsofkindnesswillinfluenceothers,butit’salwaysbettertotry.4.WhatdoweknowaboutFrances’familyfromParagraph2?A.Theywereunhappytocometoanewplace. B.Theytriedhardtoavoidtheirneighbors.C.Theycaredlittleabouteachother. D.Theylivedaverydifficultlife.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrilled”inParagraph3mean?A.Proud. B.Excited. C.Calm. D.Confident.6.Whatdoestheauthortrytoshowthroughthefourthparagraph?A.Franceswasagoodhelper. B.Franceswasusedtotheroutine.C.Francesgotonwellwiththeauthor’smom. D.Franceswasgoodatdoingkitchenjobs.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Teachingbyexample B.LifelongfriendsC.Mymom’slife D.Beingbravetotry【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述作者與鄰居女孩Frances的友誼以及作者母親對Frances的關(guān)愛和幫助，展現(xiàn)了人與人之間的溫情與善良，以及這些行為對Frances人生的深遠影響。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.(她媽媽一大早就出門上班，回來時看上去疲憊不堪。她的兩個哥哥穿著臟衣服，還總是不在家。Frances總是餓著肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，F(xiàn)rances的媽媽工作辛苦，哥哥們穿著臟衣服，F(xiàn)rances總是餓著且衣服不合身，這些都表明他們一家生活很艱難。故選D?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Hermotherwentofftoworkveryearlyinthemorningandcamebacklookingverytired.Andhertwoolderbrothersworedirtyclothesandwereneverathome.Franceswasalwayshungry,andherclotheswereoftentoosmall.(她媽媽一大早就出門上班，回來時看上去疲憊不堪。她的兩個哥哥穿著臟衣服，還總是不在家。Frances總是餓著肚子，她的衣服也常常小得不合身)”可知，F(xiàn)rances的衣服太小，家庭生活很艱難；再根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Butsheonceasked,“WouldyoumindifIgiveFrancessomeofyourclothes?”Iagreed.(但有一次她問我：“要是我把你的一些衣服給弗朗西絲，你介意嗎？”我同意了。)”可知，作者的媽媽打算送一些作者的衣服給Frances。由此可推測，對于生活條件不好的Frances來說，能得到衣服是一件開心、令人興奮的事。選項B“excited”意為“興奮的”，與此相符。故選B。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“MombegantospendmoretimewithFrancesandme.SheandIhadalwaysdonekitchenjobstogether,butnowthethreeofusweremakingbiscuitsandwashinguptogether.Franceswasalwayswillingtohelp,aslongasMomwasthere.AndsometimestheywouldjustsittogetherandtalkwhileIwasoffdoingsomethingelse.(媽媽開始花更多時間和我還有Frances在一起。以前我和媽媽總是一起做廚房的活兒，但現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)齻€一起做餅干、洗碗。只要媽媽在，F(xiàn)rances總是很樂意幫忙。有時候，我去做別的事，她們倆就會坐在一起聊天)”可知，作者的媽媽花更多時間和Frances在一起，她們一起做各種事，還會一起聊天，這些都表明Frances和作者的媽媽相處得很好。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Mymothertaughtmemanythings,butthiswashermostvaluablelesson.Watchingherexampleandseeingthelife-changingresultswerepowerful.Wewillneverknowhoworwhenouractsofkindnesswillinfluenceothers,butit’salwaysbettertotry.(母親教會了我許多東西，但這是她傳授的最寶貴的一課。目睹她樹立的榜樣，看到其帶來改變?nèi)松某尚?，這種力量無比強大。我們永遠無從知曉善舉會以何種方式、在何時影響他人，但嘗試總歸是好的)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了作者媽媽注意到鄰居Frances家的困境后，通過給Frances衣服、與她一起做事、交流等方式，給予她關(guān)愛和幫助，改變了Frances的童年。Frances在信中提到以作者媽媽為榜樣去關(guān)心他人，這充分體現(xiàn)了作者媽媽以身作則的行為產(chǎn)生的深遠影響。選項A“Teachingbyexample(以身作則)”能夠很好地概括全文主旨。故選A。CHaveyouwonderedwhatyourpetsarefeeling?Whenyourdogwags(來回搖擺)itstail,doesthatmeanitishappy?AnewappcalledHappyPetscantellyouwhat'sgoingon.Theappusesartificialintelligence(AI)toanalyzethefacialexpressionsofcatsanddogs.Thenitcantellyouwhatbreed(品種)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.Itcanshowthefivemostcommonfeelings-happy,angry,neutral,sadandscared.ResearchersattheUniversityofMelbourneinAustraliadevelopedtheapp.Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察覺)emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.Howaccuratearetheresults?Theresearchersthinktheyaretrustworthysincetheapphasbeentestedmanytimes.Interestingly,theyhavefoundthatcatsarehardertoreadthandogs.Inthefuture,theappmightalsobeabletoanalyzeapet'sbodytomakeitsreadingsmoreaccurate.8.WhatistheappHappyPetsusedtodo?A.Tomakepetshappy. B.Totellushowthepetsarefeeling.C.Torecognizeananimal'spicture. D.Tounlockourmobilephones.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Whatemotionstheappcanrecognize. B.Whatcertainfacialfeaturesmean.C.Howpeopleusetheapp. D.Howtheapp'sAlwastrained.10.WhatcanweinferabouttheappHappyPets?A.Ithasbeenusedwithanimalsforalongtime. B.Itworksharderondogsthancats.C.Itusesfacialrecognitiontechnology. D.Itcananalyzeapet'sbody.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthortowritethepassage?A.Showhowtomakeanimalshappy. B.Introduceastudyonanimals.C.Showhowtoplaywithanimals. D.Introduceanewapp.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要是關(guān)于一種新的應(yīng)用程序：HappyPets，主要介紹了這款軟件的原理、功能等基本信息。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段中“itcantellyouwhatbreed(品種)yourpetisandhowitisfeeling.”（它可以告訴你你的寵物是什么品種，以及它的感受。）可知，這個應(yīng)用可以告知你你的寵物的種類及它的感受。故選B。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Theapp'sAIwasfirsttaughttorecognizeapictureofananimal.Then,itwastaughttorecognizethefacialfeaturesofcatsanddogs.Nextcamethemostimportantstep-teachingittodetect(察覺)emotionsbasedoncertainfacialfeatures.Forinstance,ifadogtightensupitseyesandmouthwhilechangingthepositionofitsears,thismeansthedogisscared.Tomasterthisskill,theATprogram"saw"and"read"thousandsofexampleimages.”（這款應(yīng)用程序的AI首先被教會識別動物的圖片。然后，它被教導(dǎo)識別貓和狗的面部特征。接下來是最重要的一步，教它根據(jù)某些面部特征來檢測（察覺）情緒。例如，如果一只狗在改變耳朵位置的同時收緊眼睛和嘴巴，這就意味著它害怕了。為了掌握這項技能，AT程序“看到”和“閱讀”了成千上萬的示例圖像。）可知，主要介紹了這個應(yīng)用中AI是如何訓(xùn)練的。故選D。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thekeytechnologyusedintheappisfacialrecognition,acommonuseofAl.Wecanunlockourmobilephonesorentertrainstationswithfacialrecognitionreaders.Butthisisthefirsttimethatthetechhasbeenusedwithanimals.”可知，這個應(yīng)用程序使用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是面部識別，這是人工智能的一個常見用途，我們可以用面部識別讀卡器解鎖手機或進入火車站。但這是這種技術(shù)第一次用于動物。選項C（它使用面部識別技術(shù)）和文意相符。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。本文主要是關(guān)于一種新的應(yīng)用程序：HappyPets，主要介紹了這款軟件的原理、功能等基本信息，作者寫這篇文章就是為了介紹這款應(yīng)用程序，故選D。DWe’veallexperiencedit:wakingupnaturallyfeelsrefreshing,whilebeingsuddenlywokenbyanalarmorsomeoneelseleavesushalf-asleep.Why?Tounderstandthis,let’sexplorethescienceofsleeping.Thesleepcycleconsistsoffourstages.OneoftheseisREM,whichstandsforrapideyemovements.Theotherthreearenon-REMstages.Whenyoufallasleep,youfirstgointoastateoffeelingsleepycallednon-REMStage1.Thisisfollowedbydeeperstagesofsleep,callednon-REMstages2and3.Eachstageofnon-REMisdeeperthantheonebefore.Then,about90minutesafteryoufirstfallasleep,youenterthefourthstage,whichisREMsleep.Thisisastageoflightersleepwhereyoudomuchofyourdreaming.Afterafewminutes,youreturntonon-REMsleepagain.Insleeplabs,researchersmonitorbrainwaves,eyemovements,andmuscletensionlikeinthechin,usingelectrodes(電極)placedonthescalp,aroundtheeyes,andonthechin.Brainactivityvariesfromlow-amplitude(低頻振幅),fastwaveswhenawaketohigh-amplitude,slowwavesduringdeepnon-REMsleep.Non-REMStage3hastheslowest,tallestwaves,whileREMsleepissimilartowakefulnesswithlow-amplitude,fastwavesandrapideyemovements.Bothstagesareimportantforbrainhealthandmemorystorage.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningonyourown,it’susuallyasyoucometotheendofwhateverstageofsleepyouwerein.Thinkofitlikegettingoffthetrainwhenitcomestoastopatthestation.Butwhenanalarmorsomeoneelsewakesyouup,it’slikejumpingoffthetrainbetweenstops,whichcanfeeldisturbing.That’swhyit’sgoodtowakeupnaturallywheneverpossible.Peoplecanactuallytraintheirbrainstowakeupatascheduledtimeeachdaythatisanaturalstoppingpoint.Brainshaveaninternal24-hourclockthatinstructswhenyoufirststarttofeelsleepyandwhenyouwakeup.Thisisrelatedtoournaturalbiologicalclock.12.Accordingtothepassage,whathappensduringREMsleep?A.Thebodyentersthedeepeststageofsleep. B.Brainwavesarehighinamplitudeandslow.C.Frequentdreamingoccursduringlightsleep. D.Muscletensioninthechinincreasessignificantly.13.Whydoestheauthorusetwosimiles(明喻)inthefourthparagraph?A.Tosuggestthemethodsforimprovingsleepquality.B.Toexplaintheroleofnon-REMinregulatingsleepcycles.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofconsistentsleepschedules.D.Toillustratethedifferencebetweennaturalandsuddenwaking.14.Whatwilltheauthormostlikelydiscussnext?A.Methodsforadjustingtonaturalmorningawakenings.B.Adviceonsettingalarmstomatchnaturalstoppingpoints.C.Thegreatimpactofsleepcyclesonmemorystorage.D.Newtechnologiesforsleepstagemonitoringinsleeplabs.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?A.WhyNaturalAwakeningsFeelBetter? B.TheRoleofDreamsinSleepCycles.C.HowtoWakeUpEarlyWithoutanAlarm? D.TheImpactofBiologicalClockonSleepQuality.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了自然醒來和被突然叫醒感覺不同的原因，探討了睡眠的科學(xué)原理，包括睡眠周期、REM睡眠階段以及大腦如何通過內(nèi)部時鐘調(diào)節(jié)睡眠和覺醒?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Then,about90minutesafteryoufirstfallasleep,youenterthefourthstage,whichisREMsleep.Thisisastageoflightersleepwhereyoudomuchofyourdreaming.(然后，在你第一次入睡約90分鐘后，你進入了第四階段，即REM睡眠。這是一個睡眠較淺的階段，你會做很多夢。)”可知，在REM睡眠階段，人們會頻繁做夢，且處于淺睡眠狀態(tài)。故選C項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whenyouwakeupinthemorningonyourown,it’susuallyasyoucometotheendofwhateverstageofsleepyouwerein.Thinkofitlikegettingoffthetrainwhenitcomestoastopatthestation.Butwhenanalarmorsomeoneelsewakesyouup,it’slikejumpingoffthetrainbetweenstops,whichcanfeeldisturbing.That’swhyit’sgoodtowakeupnaturallywheneverpossible.(當(dāng)你早上自己醒來時，通常是在你睡眠的某個階段結(jié)束時。想象一下，這就像火車在車站停下來時你下車一樣。但是，當(dāng)鬧鐘或其他人把你叫醒時，就像在兩站之間跳下火車，這會讓你感到不安。這就是為什么盡可能自然醒來是件好事。)”可知，作者在第四段中使用兩個明喻是為了說明自然醒來和被突然叫醒之間的區(qū)別。故選D項。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Peoplecanactuallytraintheirbrainstowakeupatascheduledtimeeachdaythatisanaturalstoppingpoint.(人們實際上可以訓(xùn)練他們的大腦在每天一個預(yù)定的時間，即一個自然的停止點醒來。)”可知，文章接下來可能會討論調(diào)整到自然醒來的方法。故選A項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“We’veallexperiencedit:wakingupnaturallyfeelsrefreshing,whilebeingsuddenlywokenbyanalarmorsomeoneelseleavesushalf-asleep.Why?Tounderstandthis,let’sexplorethescienceofsleeping.(我們都有過這樣的經(jīng)歷：自然醒來會讓人感覺神清氣爽，而突然被鬧鐘或別人叫醒則會讓我們半睡半醒。為什么？為了理解這一點，讓我們來探索睡眠的科學(xué)。)”可知，文章主要探討了自然醒來和被突然叫醒感覺不同的原因，并解釋了睡眠的科學(xué)原理。因此，A選項(為什么自然醒來感覺更好？)”最適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TipsforStayingSharpIt’snormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(遲鈍的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.____16____,tryoutthesefivetipstostaysharp.____17____.You’veprobablyheardtheterm“youarewhatyoueat.”Ifyoudecidetoeatsugaryfoodsthatareheavywithfats,thenexpecttofeellazyandhavenoenergy.Butifyoudecidetoeatfruits,vegetablesandmakeotherhealthyeatingdecisionsyou’llfindthatyou’refullofenergy.Neverstoplearning.____18____—whetheritispuzzles,reading,cookingorothertasksthatwillkeepyourmindworking.Ifyourmindisalwayslearningnewthingsandactive,you’llrealizethatit’smucheasierforyoutolearnnewthings.Rememberyoubrainisamuscleandifyouwanttogetthemostoutofit,youmustuseit.Stayfit.Beingingoodhealthisabigpartofstayingsharp.____19____,yourbodyisnotgoingtogiveyoutheenergythatrequiresrememberingthingsandcompletingtasks.However,ifyouputtheeffortintobeinghealthythenyourbodywillgivetheenergyyouneedtoachieveyourgoals.Ensureenoughsleep.Besuretogetthenecessaryamountofsleepthatyourbodyneedstofunctiononadailybasis.____20____.Italsohelpsyourbodybuildupanenergyreservesoyoucanimproveyourabilitytofocusandavoiddistractions.A.FeedyourbrainB.AvoideatingtoomuchC.IfyouchoosetobelazyD.LackofsleepleadstotirednessandslowreactionE.Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourforgetfulnessF.Accordingtostudies,sleephelpsstrengthenandrecoveryourmemoriesG.Challengeyourselfconstantly【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.C20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了保持思維敏銳的五個小貼士，包括健康飲食、不斷學(xué)習(xí)、保持健康、保證充足睡眠等。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“It’snormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(遲鈍的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.(有時候，當(dāng)你想起一些事情的時候，你會感到心不在焉，或者感覺有點遲鈍，這是很正常的)”和下文“tryoutthesefivetipstostaysharp(試試這五個保持思維敏銳的小貼士)”說明，如果有記憶力方面的擔(dān)憂可以嘗試這些方法。E選項“Ifyou’reworriedaboutyourforgetfulness(如果你擔(dān)心自己健忘)”符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳析】下文“You’veprobablyheardtheterm‘youarewhatyoueat.’Ifyoudecidetoeatsugaryfoodsthatareheavywithfats,thenexpecttofeellazyandhavenoenergy.Butifyoudecidetoeatfruits,vegetablesandmakeotherhealthyeatingdecisionsyou’llfindthatyou’refullofenergy.(你可能聽過“人如其食”這句話。如果你決定吃高糖高脂的食物，那么你會感到懶惰且沒有精力。但如果你決定吃水果、蔬菜并做出其他健康的飲食選擇，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己充滿活力)”強調(diào)了飲食對大腦和身體狀態(tài)的影響。A選項“Feedyourbrain(滋養(yǎng)你的大腦)”符合語境，因為健康飲食就是在滋養(yǎng)大腦，為大腦提供能量。故選A項。【18題詳析】下文“whetheritispuzzles,reading,cookingorothertasksthatwillkeepyourmindworking(無論是拼圖、閱讀、烹飪還是其他能讓你的大腦運轉(zhuǎn)的任務(wù))”說明要不斷做一些能讓大腦活動的事情。G選項“Challengeyourselfconstantly(不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己)”與之呼應(yīng)，不斷挑戰(zhàn)自己去做各種能讓大腦工作的任務(wù)，才能讓大腦保持活躍。故選G項?！?9題詳析】下文“yourbodyisnotgoingtogiveyoutheenergythatrequiresrememberingthingsandcompletingtasks(你的身體將無法為你提供記憶事情和完成任務(wù)所需的能量)”描述了一種不好的身體狀態(tài)下的結(jié)果。C選項“Ifyouchoosetobelazy(如果你選擇偷懶)”能引出這種結(jié)果，因為偷懶不保持健康，身體就無法提供足夠能量。故選C項?！?0題詳析】上文“Besuretogetthenecessaryamountofsleepthatyourbodyneedstofunctiononadailybasis(一定要保證身體日常運轉(zhuǎn)所需的必要睡眠時間)”強調(diào)了睡眠的重要性。F選項“Accordingtostudies,sleephelpsstrengthenandrecoveryourmemories(根據(jù)研究，睡眠有助于強化和恢復(fù)你的記憶)”進一步說明了睡眠對記憶的好處，與上文強調(diào)睡眠重要性相呼應(yīng)。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。The29-year-oldWuQuansuihasworkedinthekindergartenforsixyears.Manyofher___21___callher“MotherWu”,andherclosenesswiththestudentsisthemainreasonshehasstayedonthe___22___longaftermanyofherpeershaveleft.Theconditionswerenot___23___whenshefirstarrivedontheisland,andaboatcarrieddailynecessitiestotheisolated(偏遠的)communityoncea___24___.Theconditionwassotoughthattherewas___25___meat,theteachersmainlyatecabbagesandcarrots,andtheyalso___26___freshwater,shesaid,addingthattheyhadtouseseawaterintheshower.Unlikeinotherschools,theteachersattheschoolspendmostofthedaywiththeirstudents.“Wedon’thavemuchtodoasthereisnotmuch___27___onthissmallisland,soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschooland___28___withus.Sometimes,they___29___moretimewithusthanwiththeirparents,”Wusaid.“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy,sotheycouldonly___30___theirparentsafewtimesayear.Ourschooloffersthemtheopportunitytobetogetherwithfamilies,andthat’swhatreally___31___me.”Conditionsontheislandarealsoimproving.Now,therearetwoboatseveryweekandagrocerystorehasopened.Theschoolhasalsobeen___32___fromatwo-storybuildingintoafour-storyone.Her___33___withtheschoolexpires(到期)nextyear,butsheplansto___34___itandstaytoseemorechildren___35___ontheislandhappily.21.A.colleagues B.pupils C.fellows D.neighbors22.A.farm B.campus C.village D.island23.A.tough B.good C.poor D.familiar24.A.month B.year C.week D.season25.A.little B.enough C.much D.various26.A.lacked B.sold C.applied D.needed27.A.development B.entertainment C.movement D.apartment28.A.live B.study C.discuss D.play29.A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay30.A.call B.visit C.hear D.meet31.A.explores B.bothers C.encourages D.challenges32.A.explained B.exchanged C.expected D.expanded33.A.contract B.contact C.context D.content34.A.recall B.leave C.renew D.respond35.A.takeoff B.growup C.breakout D.givein【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.A27.B28.D29.A30.D31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是新聞報道。文章描述了一位在島上幼兒園工作了六年的教師吳泉穗的事跡，講述了她與學(xué)生們之間的親密關(guān)系以及島上學(xué)校條件的改善。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的許多學(xué)生都叫她“吳媽媽”，她與學(xué)生的親密關(guān)系是她在許多同齡人離開后仍留在島上的主要原因。A.colleagues同事；B.pupils學(xué)生；C.fellows同伴；D.neighbors鄰居。根據(jù)前文“The29-year-oldWuQuansuihasworkedinthekindergartenforsixyears.”可知，吳泉穗在幼兒園工作，所以應(yīng)是她的學(xué)生叫她“吳媽媽”。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的許多學(xué)生都叫她“吳媽媽”，她與學(xué)生的親密關(guān)系是她在許多同齡人離開后仍留在島上的主要原因。A.farm農(nóng)場；B.campus校園；C.village村莊；D.island島嶼。根據(jù)后文“Theconditionswerenotwhenshefirstarrivedontheisland”可知，她是在一個島上教學(xué)，所以是仍留在島上。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她剛到島上時，條件并不好，一艘船每周運送一次生活必需品到這個與世隔絕的社區(qū)。A.tough艱難的；B.good好的；C.poor貧窮的；D.familiar熟悉的。根據(jù)后文“Theconditionwassotough”可知，條件很艱苦，并不好。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她剛到島上時，條件并不好，一艘船每周運送一次生活必需品到這個與世隔絕的社區(qū)。A.month月；B.year年；C.week周；D.season季節(jié)。根據(jù)后文“Now,therearetwoboatseveryweekandagrocerystorehasopened.”可知，現(xiàn)在是每周有兩艘船，所以之前是一艘船每周運送一次生活必需品。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說，條件非常惡劣，幾乎沒有肉，老師們主要吃卷心菜和胡蘿卜，而且他們也缺乏淡水，他們不得不用海水洗澡。A.little少的；B.enough足夠的；C.much多的；D.various各種各樣的。根據(jù)后文“theteachersmainlyatecabbagesandcarrots”可知，老師們主要吃卷心菜和胡蘿卜，所以是幾乎沒有肉。故選A項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她說，條件非常惡劣，幾乎沒有肉，老師們主要吃卷心菜和胡蘿卜，而且他們也缺乏淡水，他們不得不用海水洗澡。A.lacked缺少；B.sold賣；C.applied應(yīng)用；D.needed需要。根據(jù)后文“theyhadtouseseawaterintheshower.”可知，用海水洗澡，所以他們也缺乏淡水。故選A項。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有太多的事情要做，因為這個小島上沒有太多的娛樂活動，所以學(xué)生們吃完晚飯后，他們就會回到學(xué)校和我們一起玩。A.development發(fā)展；B.entertainment娛樂；C.movement運動；D.apartment公寓。根據(jù)后文“soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschool”可知，學(xué)生們吃完晚飯后，他們就會回到學(xué)校，所以小島上沒有太多的娛樂活動。故選B項?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們沒有太多的事情要做，因為這個小島上沒有太多的娛樂活動，所以學(xué)生們吃完晚飯后，他們就會回到學(xué)校和我們一起玩。A.live居??；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.discuss討論；D.play玩耍。根據(jù)前文“Wedon’thavemuchtodoasthereisnotmuchonthissmallisland,soafterthestudentshaveeatendinner,theycomebacktotheschool”可知，島上沒有太多的娛樂活動，所以學(xué)生會回到學(xué)校和老師們一起玩。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，他們和我們在一起的時間比和父母在一起的時間還多。A.spend花費（時間/金錢）；B.take花費（時間）；C.cost花費（金錢/代價）；D.pay支付。根據(jù)前文“theycomebacktotheschoolandwithus”可知，學(xué)生們吃完晚飯后，他們就會回到學(xué)校和老師們一起玩，所以和老師們在一起的時間比和父母在一起的時間還多。故選A項?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在島上沒有學(xué)校的時候，孩子們不得不去很遠的地方學(xué)習(xí)，所以他們一年只能與父母見幾次面。A.call呼叫；B.visit看望；C.hear聽見；D.meet遇見。根據(jù)前文“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy”可知，如果在島上沒有學(xué)校的時候，孩子們不得不去很遠的地方學(xué)習(xí)，以他們一年只能與父母見幾次面。故選D項?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們學(xué)校為他們提供了與家人在一起的機會，這才是真正鼓勵我的地方。A.explores探索；B.bothers打擾；C.encourages鼓勵；D.challenges挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)前文“Whentherewasnoschoolontheisland,thechildrenhadtogofarawaytostudy,sotheycouldonlytheirparentsafewtimesayear.”可知，如果在島上沒有學(xué)校的時候，孩子們不得不去很遠的地方學(xué)習(xí)，那么他們一年只能去看望父母幾次，而學(xué)校提供的機會讓學(xué)生能夠與家人團聚，這給了作者很大的鼓舞和動力。故選C項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這所學(xué)校也從一棟兩層的建筑擴建成了一棟四層的建筑。A.explained解釋；B.exchanged交換；C.expected期望；D.expanded擴展。根據(jù)后文“fromatwo-storybuildingintoafour-storyone.”可知，學(xué)校從一棟兩層的建筑擴建成了一棟四層的建筑。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她與學(xué)校的合同將于明年到期，但她計劃續(xù)簽，并留在島上，看著更多的孩子在島上快樂地成長。A.contract合同；B.contact聯(lián)系；C.context上下文；D.content內(nèi)容。根據(jù)后文“withtheschoolexpires(到期)nextyear”結(jié)合選項可知，應(yīng)是合同到期。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她與學(xué)校的合同將于明年到期，但她計劃續(xù)簽，并留在島上，看著更多的孩子在島上快樂地成長。A.recall回憶；B.leave離開；C.renew更新；D.respond回應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“staytoseemorechildrenontheislandhappily”可知，她想看著更多的孩子在島上快樂地成長，所以在合同到期后，會續(xù)簽。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她與學(xué)校的合同將于明年到期，但她計劃續(xù)簽，并留在島上，看著更多的孩子在島上快樂地成長。A.takeoff起飛；B.growup成長；C.breakout爆發(fā)；D.givein放棄。根據(jù)前文“staytoseemorechildren”結(jié)合選項，應(yīng)是“看著更多的孩子在島上快樂地成長”符合語境。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheBeautifulForbiddenCityTheForbiddenCity,oneofthemostfamouslandmarksinChina,____36____(stand)attheheartofBeijing,carryingover600yearsofhistory.Havingwitnessedthereignsof24emperors,ithasbecomeasymbolofChina’srichculturalheritage.Visitorsareoftenamazedbythegrandhallsanddelicategardens,whicharedesignedwithgreataccuracy____37____(reflect)traditionalChineseculture.Astheypassthroughthebigredgates,theyareimmediatelytransportedbackintime.Theintricatecarvingsandgoldenrooftops,whichshinebrilliantlyunderthesun,addtothepalace’s____38____(beautiful).AlthoughChinaishometomanyhistoricalsites,feware____39____(impressive)thantheForbiddenCity.Itisaplace____40____ancientartandimperialpowerareperfectlycombined,attractingmillionsoftouristseachyear.Strictruleshavebeenappliedtopreventdamage____41____carelessvisitors,ensuringitscharmremainswellreservedforfuturegenerations.Thesiteappearsespeciallymagicalinwinter,whenathinlayerofsnow____42____(cover)therooftopsmakesthegoldenbricksshineevenbrighter.Inrecentyears,moderntechnologies____43____(use)toprotectandrestorethisancientmasterpiece.Thankstotheseefforts,peoplecancontinuetoappreciateitsmagnificencefor____44____(century)tocome.Forthosewholovehistoryandarchitecture,_____45_____visittotheForbiddenCityisamust.ItisnotonlyahistoricallandmarkbutalsoatreasureofChinesecivilization.【答案】36.stands37.toreflect38.beauty39.moreimpressive40.where41.from42.covering43.havebeenused44.centuries45.a【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了中國著名的地標(biāo)性建筑——故宮?！?6題詳析】考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：故宮，中國最著名的地標(biāo)性建筑之一，坐落在北京的中心，承載著600多年的歷史。此處表示客觀事實，句子時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語TheForbiddenCity是單數(shù)，因此空格處用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填stands。【37題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：