四川名優(yōu)校聯(lián)盟高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川名優(yōu)校聯(lián)盟高三下學(xué)期一?？荚囉⒄Z試題聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhatdoyoufancydoingthisyear-aspotofwintersunshineoranactiveoutdooradventure?Wehavethepickofnewdestinationsfor2025.SingaporeThereisanew101-hectaregreenspacejustoutsideSingapore,withwaterfrontplantingandseveral“Supertrees”—16-storeygardensthatcollectrainwaterandgeneratesolarpower,withasuspendedwalkwaybetweenthem.Andfrom25Juneuntil5October,there’sabigexhibitionattheSingaporeArtMuseum,showingrareAsianartworks.KenyaAfricansafaris(旅行)canbeveryexpensive,butanewall-indealonadventurouswalkingsafarisatKitichCampintheMatthewsmountains(includingflights,drinksandmeals)isbettervalueat￡2,850ppforsevennightswithSafariConsultants.Inthisgreatwildernessarea,youseelions,leopards,elephants,wilddogsandmonkeys.MoroccoMakeitanOctoberhalf-termtorememberwithacampingtripintheSahara.AdventurespecialistTourDusthasaWildDesertHolidayinMoroccoaimedatbravefamilies.AfterabriefvisittoMarrakech,youjourneysouth,swapyourcarforcamelsandheadoutintothedunes(沙丘)tocamp.AustraliaTheGreatOceanRoadinVictoria,south-eastAustralia,isoneoftheworld’sgreatestscenicdrives.From2025,thehikers’equivalent,theGreatOceanWalk,isready,offeringmorethan60milesofcoastalviewsandthechancetoseekoalasandkangaroosintheirnaturalhabitat.1.WhatcanadventurousvisitorsdoonaWildDesertHoliday?A.Campinthecar. B.Hideinthedunes.C.Journeyonacamel. D.Gettrainedbyaspecialist.2.WhatdoweknowaboutKenyasafaris?A.Theyareself-guidedtours. B.Theyaregoodvalueformoney.C.Theychargeanextrafeefordrinks. D.Theytakevisitorstothewildlifezoo.3.WhatdoesanAutumntourtoSingaporefeature?A.Artandgardens. B.Sunshineandsolarpower.C.Treesandrainwater. D.Tallbuildingsandwalkways.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了2025年幾個(gè)新的旅游目的地及其特色?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Morocco部分中“AdventurespecialistTourDusthasaWildDesertHolidayinMoroccoaimedatbravefamilies.AfterabriefvisittoMarrakech,youjourneysouth,swapyourcarforcamelsandheadoutintothedunes(沙丘)tocamp.(探險(xiǎn)專家的“旅行塵埃”在摩洛哥推出了一項(xiàng)“狂野沙漠假日”活動，目標(biāo)群體是勇敢的家庭。在短暫游覽馬拉喀什之后，你將向南行進(jìn)，把汽車換成駱駝，然后前往沙丘中露營)”可知，在WildDesertHoliday中，愛冒險(xiǎn)的游客可以騎駱駝旅行。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kenya部分中“Africansafaris(旅行)canbeveryexpensive,butanewall-indealonadventurouswalkingsafarisatKitichCampintheMatthewsmountains(includingflights,drinksandmeals)isbettervalueat￡2,850ppforsevennightswithSafariConsultants.(非洲的游獵旅行可能會非常昂貴，但馬修斯山脈的基蒂奇營地推出了一項(xiàng)全新的全包式探險(xiǎn)徒步游獵旅行套餐（包括機(jī)票、飲品和餐飲）。通過游獵旅行咨詢公司預(yù)訂，每人花費(fèi)2850英鎊，可享受七晚的行程，這個(gè)套餐性價(jià)比更高)”可知，肯尼亞的野生動物園旅行物有所值。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Singapore部分中“Thereisanew101-hectaregreenspacejustoutsideSingapore,withwaterfrontplantingandseveral‘Supertrees’—16-storeygardensthatcollectrainwaterandgeneratesolarpower,withasuspendedwalkwaybetweenthem.Andfrom25Juneuntil5October,there’sabigexhibitionattheSingaporeArtMuseum,showingrareAsianartworks.(新加坡城外新建了一片占地101公頃的綠地，那里有濱水植物景觀，還有幾棵“超級樹”——這些16層樓高的花園能夠收集雨水并產(chǎn)生太陽能，“超級樹”之間還架有一條懸空步道。從6月25日到10月5日，新加坡藝術(shù)博物館將舉辦一場大型展覽，展出珍稀的亞洲藝術(shù)品)”可知，秋季去新加坡旅游的特色是藝術(shù)和花園。故選A。BItwaswhiletouringMississippithatJohnIngallfirstspottedtheplantthatwouldchangehislife:thehardshellgourd(葫蘆),asquash-likefruitwithathick,woodyskin.Afterthat,hesawthemalmosteverywherehewent:carvedgourdsinporches,hanginggourds,gourdsreimaginedaslanternsandbirdboxes.“Idevelopedaninterest,”Ingallsays.Ingallworkedfor45yearsasafarmer,buthadneverseenfruitturnedintoartbefore,norconsideredhimselfintheleastbitartistic.“Iwassoinvolvedwithfarming,Ididn’thavetimetobe.ButIthought,‘I’lltryit.’”WhenhereturnedtohisfarminWarwickshire,Ingallplantedafewamongthetomatoes.Innotime,thevineshadgrownto6fttall.Walkingthroughthetunnelsomeweekslater,hepartedthefoliageandwassurprisedtoseesomeenormousfruitgrowing.IngallgrewupintheKentcountryside,andknewfromchildhoodthathewantedtobeafarmer.Hisfatherwasabanker,hismotherahousewife.“Theywereveryagainstmegoingintofarming,”hesays.ButIngallwassetontheidea:“Ihadaprettyromanticideaofwhatitwouldbelikefarmingandlivinginthecountryside.”O(jiān)verthatperiod,Ingall’sestablishmentevolvedgraduallythrough15yearsofintensivedairyfarmingtolessintensivebeeffarming,thenorganicfarmingandnow,torewilding.“Idon’treallyenjoysurprises.Ilikethingstoprogresssteadily.”hesays.Yethisgourdshaveempoweredhimtosurprisehimself.“I’dliketointroducegourdarttomorepeoplehere.It’saformwithgreatpotential.”Ingallstartedbymakinglanterns,andnowincorporates(包含)stainedglassintotheshells.Healsocreateswhatareknownasthundergourds:“Fixadrumskintoit,andwhenyoushakeit,itmakesasoundlikethunder.Peoplecometoouropenstudio,seeagourdhanginganddon’tknowwhatitis.ThenIshakeit—andjawsdrop.”Aswellassellinggourdsthroughhispersonalstudio,Ingallmarketsthematartfairs,donatingprofitstofighttheclimatecrisis.“It’sveryfulfilling.Gourdsareanentirelysustainablecanvasformanytypesofart.”hesays.4.WhatdidIngallfindduringhisMississippitour?A.Anewplantnativetothecity. B.Aninnovativefarmingmethod.C.Thecity’sartenvironments. D.Gourdsturnedintoworksofart.5.WhatdoweknowaboutIngallasafarmer?A.Hebecamerichbyfarming. B.Heimprovedthecropvariety.C.Helikedchangeinacontrolledway. D.Hewasgratefultohisparents’opposition.6.WhatwasspecialaboutIngall’sgourdart?A.Itcansurprisepeople. B.Itisenvironment-themed.C.Itisforpersonalcollection. D.Itwillbeputonthemarket.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Anewartgainingglobalpopularity.B.Aprofitableplantwithapotentialmarket.C.Afarmerwhoturnedacropintoworksofart.D.Anartistwithanenvironmentalconsciousness.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了農(nóng)民JohnIngall如何將硬殼葫蘆轉(zhuǎn)化為藝術(shù)品，并發(fā)展出獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)形式的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第1段的“Afterthat,hesawthemalmosteverywherehewent:carvedgourdsinporches,hanginggourds,gourdsreimaginedaslanternsandbirdboxes.(從那以后，他所到之處幾乎都能看到它們：門廊上雕刻的葫蘆、懸掛的葫蘆、被改造成燈籠和鳥箱的葫蘆。)”可推知，Ingall在密西西比州旅行時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了被制成藝術(shù)品的葫蘆。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第5段““Idon’treallyenjoysurprises.Ilikethingstoprogresssteadily.”hesays.(“我真的不喜歡驚喜。我喜歡事情穩(wěn)步發(fā)展?！彼f。)”以及他對農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營方式的逐步調(diào)整（從乳制品養(yǎng)殖到有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)再到生態(tài)恢復(fù)）可推知，他喜歡在可控范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行改變。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“ThenIshakeit—andjawsdrop(然后我搖晃它——人們會驚訝得張大嘴巴)”以及倒數(shù)第三段提到的“Yethisgourdshaveempoweredhimtosurprisehimself.(然而，他的葫蘆賦予了他驚喜。)”讓自己感到驚喜可推知，他的葫蘆藝術(shù)具有令人驚喜的特點(diǎn)。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第1段“ItwaswhiletouringMississippithatJohnIngallfirstspottedtheplantthatwouldchangehislife:thehardshellgourd(葫蘆),asquash-likefruitwithathick,woodyskin.(在密西西比州旅行時(shí)，約翰·英格爾第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)了改變他生活的植物：硬殼葫蘆，一種南瓜狀的水果，有厚厚的木質(zhì)表皮。)”以及后續(xù)對其藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的詳細(xì)描述可推知，全文圍繞Ingall如何將硬殼葫蘆從普通農(nóng)作物轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樗囆g(shù)品展開，重點(diǎn)描述了他的創(chuàng)作過程、藝術(shù)形式的變化以及推廣方式。因此推斷本文主要講述一位農(nóng)民將農(nóng)作物轉(zhuǎn)化為藝術(shù)品的故事。故選C。CThedebateoverbirthorderandpersonalitytraits(特性)hasbeenongoingforoveracentury.Afterdecadesofcontestedclaims,ahandfulofrecentstudiesfoundtherewaslittleevidenceformeaningfuldifferences.Butinastudypublishedlastweek,psychologistshavepushedbackandclaimthereisaneffectafterall.Inoneofthelargeststudieseverconductedonbirthorder,familysizeandpersonality,Canadianresearchersgathereddatafrommorethan700,000volunteersandfoundthatonaverage,middlechildrenscoredhigherthantheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)ontraitsseenasimportantforcooperation.Scoresforthesametraitswerealsohigherinfamilieswithmorechildren,suggestingthatpeoplemaybemorelikelytodevelopacooperativepersonalitywhentheyareraisedaspartofabiggergroup.MichaelAshton,firstauthorofthestudy,notedthatindividualswithmoresiblingsweremorelikelytodevelopcooperativepersonalities.“Acommonsensepossibilityisthatwhenonehasmoresiblings,onemustmorefrequentlycooperateratherthanactonselfishpreferences.Thisongoingsituationmightthenpromotethedevelopmentofcooperativetendenciesgenerally”.Researchershaveguessedabouttheimpactofbirthorderformorethanacentury.In1874,thepolymathFrancisGalton,theyoungestofninesiblings,gatheredhistoriesonagroupofEnglishscientistsandfoundalargeproportionwerefirstborns.Hesuspectedtheeldestreceivedmoreattentionfromtheirparents,propellingthemtogreaterintellectualheights.Decadeslater,theAustrianpsychologistAlfredAdlerclaimedfirstbornswereoftenconscientiousandresponsible,whiletheyoungestmightbecomeindependentandcreativeastheylookedforwaystostandout.ThisnewresearchlendssomecredencetoAdler’sview,showingthatmiddlechildrenmayindeedbemorecooperativeduetotheuniquepositiontheyholdinthefamilydynamic.Theyareoftenrequiredtobalancetheneedsofbothyoungerandoldersiblings,fosteringskillslikenegotiationandcompromise.8.What’sthefindingoftheCanadianstudy?A.Siblingsarebornthesame.B.Middlechildrenshineincooperation.C.Birthorderhaslittleimpactonpersonality.D.Alargefamilycontributestosiblingharmony.9.WhatareMichaelAshton’swordsaimedat?A.Offeringanexplanation. B.Forecastingaglobaltrend.C.Presentinganewargument. D.Defendinghisresearchfinding.10.Whatdoesparagraph5ofthetextmainlyfocuson?A.Applicationsoftheresearchfinding.B.PasttheoriestheCanadianstudybuildson.C.Previousstudiesontheimpactofbirthorder.D.Furtherexplanationsoftheresearchmethods.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“credence”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Denial. B.Pardon. C.Confusion. D.Acceptance.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了關(guān)于出生順序?qū)π愿裼绊懙男卵芯考跋嚓P(guān)觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inoneofthelargeststudieseverconductedonbirthorder,familysizeandpersonality,Canadianresearchersgathereddatafrommorethan700,000volunteersandfoundthatonaverage,middlechildrenscoredhigherthantheirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)ontraitsseenasimportantforcooperation.(在有史以來針對出生順序、家庭規(guī)模和性格所開展的最大規(guī)模研究之一中，加拿大研究人員從70多萬名志愿者那里收集了數(shù)據(jù)，并發(fā)現(xiàn)，平均而言，排行中間的孩子在對合作而言被視為重要的性格特質(zhì)方面得分高于他們的兄弟姐妹)”可知，加拿大研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，平均而言，排行中間的孩子在對合作很重要的特質(zhì)方面得分高于他們的兄弟姐妹，即中間的孩子在合作方面表現(xiàn)突出。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“MichaelAshton,firstauthorofthestudy,notedthatindividualswithmoresiblingsweremorelikelytodevelopcooperativepersonalities.“Acommonsensepossibilityisthatwhenonehasmoresiblings,onemustmorefrequentlycooperateratherthanactonselfishpreferences.Thisongoingsituationmightthenpromotethedevelopmentofcooperativetendenciesgenerally”.(這項(xiàng)研究的第一作者邁克爾?阿什頓指出，兄弟姐妹較多的人更有可能培養(yǎng)出合作型的性格。“一個(gè)合乎常理的可能性是，當(dāng)一個(gè)人的兄弟姐妹較多時(shí)，他就必須更頻繁地進(jìn)行合作，而不是按照自私的喜好行事。這種持續(xù)存在的情況可能進(jìn)而會普遍促進(jìn)合作傾向的發(fā)展?！?”可知，MichaelAshton指出有更多兄弟姐妹的人更有可能發(fā)展出合作的個(gè)性，后面的話是對這一觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行的一種解釋，說明為什么有更多兄弟姐妹的人會更具合作性。所以他的話旨在給出一種解釋。故選A?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段的“Researchershaveguessedabouttheimpactofbirthorderformorethanacentury.(一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來，研究人員一直都在猜測出生順序所帶來的影響)”以及后面提到的FrancisGalton和AlfredAdler的研究可知，本段主要聚焦于過去關(guān)于出生順序影響的研究。故選C?！?1題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的句子“showingthatmiddlechildrenmayindeedbemorecooperativeduetotheuniquepositiontheyholdinthefamilydynamic.(顯示出由于中間子女在家庭動態(tài)中所處的獨(dú)特地位，他們可能確實(shí)更具合作精神)”可知，新的研究表明中間的孩子確實(shí)可能因?yàn)樗麄冊诩彝討B(tài)中所處的獨(dú)特位置而更具合作性，這說明新研究是支持Adler的觀點(diǎn)的，所以credence意思應(yīng)該是“認(rèn)可，接受”。故選D。DUsingLEDlightingontheundersideofsurfboardscouldpreventgreatwhitesharkattacks,newresearchsuggests.AccordingtoanAustralian-ledstudy,undersidelightingdisruptedtheabilityofgreatwhitestoseesilhouettes(輪廓像)againstthesunlightabove,reducingtheratesatwhichthesharksfollowedandattackedtheartificialprey(獵物).Thestudy’sleadauthor,DrLauraRyanofMacquarieUniversity,saidtheanimalhasafarlowervisualacuity—theabilitytoseeshapesanddetails—thanhumans.Herworkhassuggestedthatyounggreatwhitesharksareunlikelytobeabletoclearlytellsealsapartfromswimmersorpeoplepaddlingsurfboards.Theteamtestedmultiplelighttreatments:coveringtheundersideofthedecoys(誘餌)withweak,intermediateandbrightLEDlightingandstrobelighting,aswellashorizontalandverticalstriplighting.Aftereachtowwithoneofthelighttreatments,theyimmediatelytowedacontroldecoysealwithoutanyundersidelighting.Asanextraexperiment,theydidpairedtestswheretheunlitcontroldummywastowed3metresawayfromtheilluminated(點(diǎn)亮)dummy.Theunlitdecoyswereattackedorfollowedbysharksmorethananyoftheilluminateddecoys.Thebrightestlightseemedtobemosteffective,withzeropredatorincidentsseenwhenthedecoy’silluminationwasmostradiant.Verticalstriplightingwaslesseffectivethanthehorizontalstrips,possiblybecauseitbrokethesilhouetteintolongersectionsthatcouldstillbeidentifiedasaseal,saysRyan.Thestrobelightingwaslesseffectivethancontinuouslighting,perhapsbecausethesharkscouldstillseethesilhouetteofwhattheythoughtwaspreybetweenflashes.Theteamistestingasurfboardprototypewithfittedlighting.“Surferscanbealittlebitfussywiththeirsurfboards,”Ryansaid.“Asasurfer,Iwantittobeusable.”ButRyanwarnsthattheilluminationdeterrenthasn’tbeentestedonotherspeciesknowntoattackpeople,suchastigersharksandbullsharks,whichhavedifferenthuntingstrategies.12.Accordingtothestudy,whatmightcausesharks’attackonhumans?A.Colourblindness. B.Mistakenidentity.C.Strongsunlight. D.Survivalneeds.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftheexperiment. B.Thesubjectsoftheexperiment.C.Thefollow-upstudyoftheexperiment. D.Thetheoreticalbasisoftheexperiment.14.Whatcanbeanimpliedwaytopreventsharkattacksonhumans?A.Usingverticalstriplighting. B.Coveringasurfboardentirelyinlights.C.Keepingthelightsonthesurfboardsout. D.Lengtheningthehorizontalstriplighting.15.WhatisRyan’sattitudetowardstheresearchfinding?A.Disapproving. B.Optimistic. C.Unclear. D.Cautious.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于鯊魚襲擊人類的研究，解釋了研究的經(jīng)過以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Herworkhassuggestedthatyounggreatwhitesharksareunlikelytobeabletoclearlytellsealsapartfromswimmersorpeoplepaddlingsurfboards.(她的研究表明，年輕的大白鯊不太可能清楚地將海豹與游泳者或劃著沖浪板的人區(qū)分開來)”可知，誤認(rèn)可能導(dǎo)致鯊魚襲擊人類。故選B?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theteamtestedmultiplelighttreatments:coveringtheundersideofthedecoys(誘餌)withweak,intermediateandbrightLEDlightingandstrobelighting,aswellashorizontalandverticalstriplighting.Aftereachtowwithoneofthelighttreatments,theyimmediatelytowedacontroldecoysealwithoutanyundersidelighting.Asanextraexperiment,theydidpairedtestswheretheunlitcontroldummywastowed3metresawayfromtheilluminated(點(diǎn)亮)dummy.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)測試了多種光線處理方法：用微弱、中等和明亮的LED照明和頻閃照明覆蓋誘餌的底部，以及水平和垂直的條形照明。在每次用一種光處理后，他們立即拖拽一個(gè)沒有任何底面照明的控制誘餌海豹。作為額外的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們做了配對測試，將未照明的假人拖到離照明假人3米遠(yuǎn)的地方)”可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是實(shí)驗(yàn)的過程。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theunlitdecoyswereattackedorfollowedbysharksmorethananyoftheilluminateddecoys.Thebrightestlightseemedtobemosteffective,withzeropredatorincidentsseenwhenthedecoy’silluminationwasmostradiant.(沒有照明的誘餌比任何照明的誘餌更容易受到鯊魚的攻擊或跟蹤。最亮的燈似乎是最有效的，當(dāng)誘餌的照明最明亮?xí)r，捕食者的事件為零)”可知，把沖浪板完全覆蓋在燈光下可以防止鯊魚襲擊人類。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButRyanwarnsthattheilluminationdeterrenthasn’tbeentestedonotherspeciesknowntoattackpeople,suchastigersharksandbullsharks,whichhavedifferenthuntingstrategies.(但瑞安警告說，這種照明威懾還沒有在其他已知的攻擊人類的物種身上進(jìn)行過測試，比如虎鯊和牛鯊，它們有不同的捕獵策略)”可知，Ryan對研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtostartwritinganovelHaveyoubeenmullingoveragoodstoryideaforyearsbutfailingtoactuallygetitstarted?Orperhapsyou’reputtingwordsdownbutfeelingunsureofwhatyou’redoingandwhereyou’reheadedwithit?___16___Herearesomeofmybesttipsonhowtogetyournovelgoingonasurefootingandtofeelgoodaboutyourexcitingnewwritingproject.Setasideproper,regulartimetowrite.Ifyou’reseriousaboutdoingthis,showyourselfandyourwritingsomerespect,figureoutsomeregulartimetodoit,andthensticktothat.Writingabookisbothamazingandalso,attimes,adifficulttask.___17___.Don’texpectyourwordstocomeoutperfectlystraightaway.Lotsofpeoplestartoffenthusiasticallywritingafirstdraft,butthenwhentheyreadovertheirmaterial,theyfindit’snotasgoodastheywantittobe,andtheyjustdeleteitall.___18___It’sbettertojustkeepgoingandnotlookbacktoomuchforagoodwhile.Remember,greatnovelsaremadeintherewrite.___19___Writedowneverythingyouknowaboutwhatyouwantyournoveltobe.Jotdownlittlehalf-formedthoughtsandideasandseewheretheytakeyou.Ifthereisaburningquestionyouwanttoexplore,notethatdown.Ifyou’refascinatedbyasettingoratimeperiodorasubject,scribblenotesaboutit.It’sthroughthesemeanderingjottingsthatideaswilltakeshape.Workoutyourstructure.Onceyou’remakingsomeheadwaywithyourstoryandyou’regettingwordsdownonthepage,takesometimetothinkaboutthestructuralfeaturesofyournovel.Willyourstoryspanaweek,ayear,alifetime?___20___Makingkeydecisionsaboutstructureandthemeansoftellingyourstorycanhelpyougetoffonasurefooting.A.Exploreyourideas.B.Trytogoeasyonyourself.C.Willyoutellitinfirstorthirdperson?D.Justreadagoodbooktoinspireyourself.E.It’llcompletelyfallawayifyoudon’tkeepitup.F.Thinkofsometargetsthatfeelachievableforyou.G.Writinganovelcanfeellikeanimpossiblyenormoustask.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.A20.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何開始寫小說提出了一些建議?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Haveyoubeenmullingoveragoodstoryideaforyearsbutfailingtoactuallygetitstarted?Orperhapsyou’reputtingwordsdownbutfeelingunsureofwhatyou’redoingandwhereyou’reheadedwithit?(你是否一直在考慮一個(gè)好故事的想法，但卻未能真正開始？或者也許你正在寫單詞，但不確定你在做什么，也不知道你要去哪里？)”以及后文“Herearesomeofmybesttipsonhowtogetyournovelgoingonasurefootingandtofeelgoodaboutyourexcitingnewwritingproject.(下面是我的一些最好的建議，教你如何讓你的小說有一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)，并對你令人興奮的新寫作項(xiàng)目感覺良好)”可知，本句為過渡句，總結(jié)寫小說存在的困難，引出后文的建議。故G選項(xiàng)“寫小說感覺像是一項(xiàng)不可能完成的艱巨任務(wù)”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Setasideproper,regulartimetowrite.Ifyou’reseriousaboutdoingthis,showyourselfandyourwritingsomerespect,figureoutsomeregulartimetodoit,andthensticktothat.Writingabookisbothamazingandalso,attimes,adifficulttask.(留出適當(dāng)?shù)?、有?guī)律的時(shí)間來寫作。如果你是認(rèn)真的，對你自己和你的寫作表現(xiàn)出一些尊重，找出一些固定的時(shí)間來做，然后堅(jiān)持下去。寫書既令人驚奇，有時(shí)也是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù))”可知，本句承接上文，說明為何寫書是艱巨的任務(wù)。故E選項(xiàng)“如果你不堅(jiān)持下去，它會完全退化”符合語境，故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Don’texpectyourwordstocomeoutperfectlystraightaway.Lotsofpeoplestartoffenthusiasticallywritingafirstdraft,butthenwhentheyreadovertheirmaterial,theyfindit’snotasgoodastheywantittobe,andtheyjustdeleteitall.(不要指望你的話馬上就能脫口而出。很多人一開始都很熱情地寫初稿，但當(dāng)他們仔細(xì)閱讀自己的材料時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)它并沒有他們想要的那么好，于是就把它全部刪除了)”可知，上文提到了全部刪除的情況，后文“It’sbettertojustkeepgoingandnotlookbacktoomuchforagoodwhile.Remember,greatnovelsaremadeintherewrite.(最好是一直向前走，不要回頭看太多。記住，偉大的小說是在重寫中形成的)”指出寫作都需要重寫，說明應(yīng)當(dāng)對自己寬容。故B選項(xiàng)“盡量對自己寬容一點(diǎn)”符合語境，故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Writedowneverythingyouknowaboutwhatyouwantyournoveltobe.Jotdownlittlehalf-formedthoughtsandideasandseewheretheytakeyou.Ifthereisaburningquestionyouwanttoexplore,notethatdown.Ifyou’refascinatedbyasettingoratimeperiodorasubject,scribblenotesaboutit.It’sthroughthesemeanderingjottingsthatideaswilltakeshape.(寫下你所知道的關(guān)于你想要的小說的一切。記下一些半成品的想法和想法，看看它們會把你帶到哪里。如果你有一個(gè)迫切想要探究的問題，把它記下來。如果你對一個(gè)場景、一段時(shí)間或一個(gè)主題著迷，那就草草記下來。正是通過這些曲折的筆記，思想才得以形成)”可知，本段主要說明了寫下需要探究的問題，然后形成思想，以此來寫作。故A選項(xiàng)“探索你的想法”符合語境，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Willyourstoryspanaweek,ayear,alifetime?(你的故事會持續(xù)一周，一年，還是一生？)”以及后文“Makingkeydecisionsaboutstructureandthemeansoftellingyourstorycanhelpyougetoffonasurefooting.(在講述故事的結(jié)構(gòu)和方式上做出關(guān)鍵的決定可以幫助你在一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ)上起步)”可知，本句與上文并列，都是針對寫作的具體細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行設(shè)問，故C選項(xiàng)“你要用第一人稱還是第三人稱？”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwas45,thefactoryIworkedatcloseddown.Tocontinueto___21___myfamily,Iworkedasaporterinmyhometownfor10years.Icarriedrefrigeratorsfromwarehousestoelectricalapplianceshops,sometimes___22___themtocustomers’homes.Iworked10hoursaday,butthatlabour-intensivejobdidn’tstopme___23___.Iwouldgoforaruneveryday,carryingtwobucketstoaplacewhereIcould___24___waterfromamountainspring.It’sawin-win—Igotbetterqualitywaterwhilealsokeeping___25___.Iretired15yearsagoandlifehasbeen___26___.I’menjoyingmylifeandthebeautifullandscapesaround.Sometimes,Iwentupthemountainonallfours.Just___27___thestairswastooeasyforme,soonedayIdecidedtochallengemyselfby___28___ananimal’smovements—Iwentupthemountainonallfours,likeafrogjumping.It___29___manymusclesinmybody.IuploadedmyworkoutvideosonTikTok,andtheygotmany___30___.Alocalmediadida(n)___31___aboutmeandthenitwentviral(走紅).Ifeelthatmyphysicalendurance(耐力)and___32___nowarebetterthanwhenIwasyounger.ManyoftheyoungpeopleImeetonthemountainarenotas___33___asIam.The___34___ofworkingoutallyearroundisawesome.Ibelievethatgoodhealthisthemostimportantthinginaperson’slife.Mygreatestwishistobeableto___35___myphysicalstrengthwhenIam80.21.A.comfort B.support C.unite D.reward22.A.delivering B.promoted C.introduced D.lost23.A.complaining B.exercising C.struggling D.dreaming24.A.dig B.treat C.fetch D.buy25.A.young B.busy C.clear D.fit26.A.easier B.calmer C.safer D.duller27.A.buildingup B.mappingout C.hikingup D.sortingout28.A.recording B.imitating C.studying D.designing29.A.hurts B.measures C.saves D.engages30.A.views B.profits C.attacks D.limits31.A.analysis B.story C.inquiry D.quiz32.A.offer B.luck C.spirit D.grade33.A.calm B.polite C.helpful D.strong34.A.result B.planning C.goal D.routine35.A.recall B.check C.understand D.maintain【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在中年失業(yè)后，通過體力勞動支持家庭的同時(shí)堅(jiān)持鍛煉，退休后依然保持強(qiáng)健體魄并激勵(lì)他人的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了繼續(xù)養(yǎng)家糊口，我在家鄉(xiāng)做了10年的搬運(yùn)工。A.comfort安慰；B.support支持，養(yǎng)活；C.unite團(tuán)結(jié)；D.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)后文“Iworkedasaporterinmyhometownfor10years”可知，作者做搬運(yùn)工是為了養(yǎng)家糊口，supportone’sfamily表示“養(yǎng)家糊口”。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我把冰箱從倉庫運(yùn)到電器商店，有時(shí)還送到顧客家里。A.delivering遞送；B.promoted促進(jìn)；C.introduced介紹；D.lost丟失。根據(jù)前文“Icarriedrefrigeratorsfromwarehousestoelectricalapplianceshops”可知，作者的工作包括把冰箱送到顧客家里，deliversth.tosp.表示“把某物送到某地”。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天工作10個(gè)小時(shí)，但這項(xiàng)繁重的工作并沒有阻止我鍛煉。A.complaining抱怨；B.exercising鍛煉；C.struggling掙扎；D.dreaming夢想。根據(jù)后文“Iwouldgoforaruneveryday”可知，作者每天堅(jiān)持跑步鍛煉，所以這里是說工作沒有阻止作者鍛煉。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我每天都會去跑步，提著兩個(gè)水桶去一個(gè)能從山泉取水的地方。A.dig挖；B.treat對待；C.fetch取，拿來；D.buy買。根據(jù)前文“carryingtwobuckets”及后文“waterfromamountainspring”可知，作者是去取山泉水，fetch表示“取來”。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)雙贏的局面——我得到了質(zhì)量更好的水，同時(shí)也保持了健康。A.young年輕的；B.busy忙碌的；C.clear清楚的；D.fit健康的。根據(jù)前文“Iwouldgoforaruneveryday”可知，作者通過每天跑步取水，既得到了好水，又保持了身體健康。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我15年前退休了，生活變得更容易了。A.easier更容易的；B.calmer更平靜的；C.safer更安全的；D.duller更枯燥的。根據(jù)后文“I’menjoyingmylifeandthebeautifullandscapesaround”可知，作者退休后享受生活，說明生活變得更容易了。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：只是爬樓梯對我來說太容易了，所以有一天我決定通過模仿動物的動作來挑戰(zhàn)自己——像青蛙一樣四肢著地跳著上山。A.buildingup建立；B.mappingout規(guī)劃；C.hikingup爬上去；D.sortingout整理。根據(jù)后文“thestairs”可知，這里指的是爬樓梯。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.recording記錄；B.imitating模仿；C.studying學(xué)習(xí)；D.designing設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)后文“ananimal’smovements—Iwentupthemountainonallfours”可知，作者模仿青蛙的動作爬山。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它使我身體的許多肌肉都活動起來。A.hurts傷害；B.measures測量；C.saves節(jié)??；D.engages使參與，使活動。根據(jù)后文“manymusclesinmybody”可知，作者模仿動物的動作上山，這種鍛煉方式使身體的很多肌肉都參與到運(yùn)動中，得到了鍛煉。故選D。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把我的鍛煉視頻上傳到TikTok上，它們獲得了很多瀏覽量。A.views瀏覽量，觀看次數(shù)；B.profits利潤；C.attacks攻擊；D.limits限制。根據(jù)前文“IuploadedmyworkoutvideosonTikTok”可知，作者上傳視頻后獲得的是瀏覽量。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)?shù)匾患颐襟w報(bào)道了我的故事，然后它就走紅了。A.analysis分析；B.story故事；C.inquiry詢問；D.quiz測驗(yàn)。根據(jù)前文“Alocalmediadida(n)”可知，當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w報(bào)道了作者的故事。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得我現(xiàn)在的身體耐力和精神狀態(tài)比我年輕時(shí)更好。A.offer提議；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.spirit精神；D.grade等級。根據(jù)前文“physicalendurance”可知，這里指的是體力和精神。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我在山上遇到的許多年輕人都沒有我強(qiáng)壯。A.calm平靜的；B.polite禮貌的；C.helpful有幫助的；D.strong強(qiáng)壯的。根據(jù)“ManyoftheyoungpeopleImeetonthemountainarenot”結(jié)合前文作者講述自己堅(jiān)持鍛煉，身體狀態(tài)很好可知，作者覺得自己比山上的許多年輕人更強(qiáng)壯。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：全年鍛煉的結(jié)果很棒。A.result結(jié)果；B.planning計(jì)劃；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.routine常規(guī)。根據(jù)后文“workingoutallyearround”可知，這里指的是全年鍛煉的結(jié)果。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我最大的愿望是當(dāng)我80歲的時(shí)候能夠保持我的體力。A.recall回憶；B.check檢查；C.understand理解；D.maintain保持。根據(jù)后文“myphysicalstrengthwhenIam80”可知，作者希望80歲時(shí)能保持體力。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheLongmenGrottoesarehometomorethan2,300caves,housingover110,000Buddhistfiguresandimages,mostof___36___werecreatedbetweentheNorthernWei(386-557)andSong(960-1279)dynasties.TheLongmenGrottoesareagreatdrawamongtouriststoLuoyanganditspopularity___37___(rise)sharplyinrecentyears.Thegrottoeshavealonghistorythatprovidesinsightintoawiderangeoftopics.ThegrottoeshavegreatlycontributedtothedevelopmentofChinesecaveart,___38___(offer)awealthofphysicalandtextualmaterialsthatdocumentthisculturalheritage.Buddhastatuesareusuallydepictedraisingtherighthand,whileinLongmen,manyfeaturethelefthand___39___(raise).Someexpertsoftenassumethatstatueswiththelefthandraisedarefakes.However,thisisnot___40___case.TheBuddhastatuesatLongmenprovideanimportant___41___(refer)forchallengingthisassumption.TheconservationoftheLongmenGrottoeshasbeenanongoingeffort.In2022,arestorationproject___42___(launch)toaddresswaterseepageandreinforcetherocksatFengxianTemplex.Therestorationemployednewtechnologies,includingground-penetratingradardetection___43___thedesignofprotectivenets.Today,whenvisitingthegrottoes,youwilloftenspotyoungpeopledressed