高考英語 考前專項(xiàng)拔高提分練一 題型一　命題點(diǎn)2　多角度破解推理判斷題

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請(qǐng)按住Ctrl,滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。命題點(diǎn)2多角度破解推理判斷題【考向研析】考向1深層推斷題周密邏輯分析推斷隱含意義考向2意圖推斷題依據(jù)文體特點(diǎn)推斷寫作意圖考向3觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題利用語境的褒貶性進(jìn)行信息推斷考向4文章出處題根據(jù)文章體裁和內(nèi)容推斷文章出處【真題研磨】【考向1】深層推斷題【典例展示】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇節(jié)選)Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated.31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningthee-reader?A.Theprintedbookisnottotallyoutofdate.B.Technologyhaschangedthewayweread.C.Ourlivesinthe21stcenturyarenetworked.D.Peoplenowrarelyhavethepatiencetoread.【解題思維】第一步:掃描題干,找關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,wanttosay,bymentioningthee-reader第二步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞,定位信息。定位原文信息:Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated.(第四段)第三步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和定位信息可以推知,作者提到電子閱讀器說明,這顯示了人們認(rèn)為信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展一度使得印刷書籍過時(shí)了,但是現(xiàn)在的情況卻正好相反,故選__A__。

【易錯(cuò)警示】考生在解答本題時(shí),很容易誤選B項(xiàng)。這是受到文中的Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologies的誤導(dǎo),仔細(xì)分析會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),這里不是強(qiáng)調(diào)科技的發(fā)展,而是為了說明書籍印刷?？朔@種誤導(dǎo)的方法就是找準(zhǔn)題干關(guān)鍵詞,以及關(guān)鍵詞和原文信息對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系?！究枷?】意圖推斷題【典例展示】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·B篇節(jié)選)Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.【解題思維】第一步:掃描題干,找關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,purpose,mentioningFuzhou第二步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞,定位信息。定位原文信息:Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewagefrom1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(第五段)第三步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和定位信息可知,第五段通過舉兩個(gè)例子,即SouthBurlington和中國的福州,來說明John的生態(tài)機(jī)器在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中有著實(shí)際的運(yùn)用。故選__B__。

【易錯(cuò)警示】考生在解題時(shí),很容易誤選C項(xiàng)。造成誤選的原因是,第五段中的Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs,該句似乎是在說約翰從事許多工作,這樣理解語境是錯(cuò)誤的,因?yàn)橄挛臄⑹隽思s翰所做的事情,其目的都是一樣的,都是有關(guān)污水治理的問題?！究枷?】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題【典例展示】(2023·全國甲卷·C篇節(jié)選)Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor...TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicity...31.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofWeiner’sbook?A.Objectiveandplain.B.Daringandambitious.C.Seriousandhardtofollow.D.Humorousandstraightforward.【解題思維】第一步:掃描題干,找關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:What,thinkof,Weiner’sbook第二步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞,定位信息。定位原文信息:Hemakesphilosophicalthoughtanappealingexercisethatimprovesthequalityofourexperiences,andhedoessowithplentyofhumor(第五段);TheSocratesExpressisafun,sharpbookthatdrawsreadersinwithitsapparentsimplicity(第六段)第三步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和定位信息可知,作者認(rèn)為這是一本幽默的、有趣、犀利、簡(jiǎn)單易懂的書。故選__D__。

【易錯(cuò)警示】做推理判斷題需要找到作出推理判斷的根據(jù),并避免脫離原文而進(jìn)行隨意的推斷。本題中A項(xiàng)具有干擾性,但選項(xiàng)中的objective的意思是“客觀的”,plain的意思是“簡(jiǎn)易的”,這些意思和文章相反。故可排除?！究枷?】文章出處題【典例展示】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇節(jié)選)ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject—thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld...Inthis“bookofbooks”,artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures...28.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anintroductiontoabook.B.Anessayontheartofwriting.C.Aguidebooktoamuseum.D.Areviewofmodernpaintings.【解題思維】第一步:掃描題干,找關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞:Where,thetext,takenfrom第二步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞,定位信息。定位原文信息:ReadingArt:ArtforBookLoversisacelebrationofaneverydayobject—thebook,representedhereinalmostthreehundredartworksfrommuseumsaroundtheworld...(第一段)Inthis“bookofbooks”,artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures...(第二段)第三步:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞和定位信息可知,文章第一段中提到ReadingArt:ArtforBooklovers,thebook和第二段中的Inthis“bookofbooks”等信息均說明,本文選自對(duì)一本有關(guān)閱讀藝術(shù)的書的介紹,故選__A__。

【考場(chǎng)技法】技法1“邏輯分析”突破深層推斷題技法2“文體特點(diǎn)”突破意圖推斷題技法3“語境褒貶”突破觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題技法4“文章體裁”突破文章出處題【多維演練】Test1體裁:說明文詞數(shù):286話題:閱讀建議用時(shí):5.5分鐘I’vealwaysbeenabookworm.AsanEnglishLiteraturegraduate,readingisoneoftheonlythingsIfeeltrulyqualifiedtodo.There’snoplaceI’dratherbethanburiedinthepagesofafascinatingstory,absorbedintoanotherlife,anotherworld.Yetlotsofpeoplefinditdifficulttofitreadingintotheirdailyroutine.Manyfriendsandfellowbook-lovershavetoldme:“Oh,Ihaven’treadabookinages...I’mjusttoobusy.”Lifehappens:wegetsweptupinworkandcommitmentsandthatmanybookspiledhopefullyonthebedsidetableliequietlyunread.Fromahealthperspective,regularreadingmaintainsandbuildsbraincells,whichcanhelpavoidsymptomsofAlzheimer’sdiseaseinoldage.Italsohelpsusrelax:accordingtoastudy,readingforjustsixminutescanreducestresslevelsby68percent.Onanemotionallevel,readers“tendtoempathizebetterwithothers”and“accuratelypredictwhatsomeoneelseisthinkingorfeeling”.“Readingismorethanjustdevouring(吞噬)words.Itistheconnectionthatwefeelwiththecharacters...thesenseofcomfortandthefeelingofbeingunderstood.”saysbibliotherapistBijalShah.Wehaveseveralwaystogetintoaregularreadinghabit.Settingasidesomedevotedtimeeveryday—whetheronyourmorningcommuteorinthebathbeforebed—isagoodplacetostart.Forthosewhofindittoughtofindtimesolelyforreading,listeningtoaudiobooksallowsyoutomultitask.Bookclubsareaperfectsolutionforpeoplewholiketocombinereadingwithsocializingandneedadeadlinetofinishabook.Itcanalsoinspireyoutotrynewkinds.1.Whatissomebook-lovers’opinionaboutnotreadingforalongtime?A.Mostbooksdon’tappealtothem.B.Worktakesupmostoftheirtime.C.Theyhaven’tformedthereadinghabit.D.Theirmajorinuniversityisnotliterature.2.WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatBijalShahsays?A.Readerscanunderstandothersbetter.B.Readingcanhelptomasternewwords.C.Readingcanmakeonefeelcomfortable.D.Readerscanbecomemoreknowledgeable.3.Whydoestheauthorsuggestlisteningtoaudiobooks?A.Itcaninspirereaderstoreadotherbooks.B.Itisgoodforhealth.C.Itdoesn’tinfluenceundertakingotherwork.D.Itismorecharming.Test2體裁:說明文詞數(shù):403話題:心理科學(xué)建議用時(shí):7.5分鐘Isittruethatourbrainaloneisresponsibleforhumancognition(認(rèn)知)?Whataboutourbody?Isitpossibleforthoughtandbehaviourtooriginatefromsomewhereotherthanourbrain?PsychologistswhostudyEmbodiedCognition(EC)asksimilarquestions.TheECtheorysuggestsourbodyisalsoresponsibleforthinkingorproblem-solving.Moreprecisely,themindshapesthebodyandthebodyshapesthemindinequalmeasure.Ifyouthinkaboutitforamoment,itmakestotalsense.Whenyousmellsomethinggoodorhearamusingsounds,certainemotionsareawakened.Thinkabouthownewbornsusetheirsensestounderstandtheworldaroundthem.Theydon’thaveemotionssomuchasneeds—theydon’tfeelsad,they’rejusthungryandneedfood.Evenunbornbabiescanfeeltheirmothers’heartbeatsandthishasacalmingeffect.Intherealworld,theycrywhenthey’recoldandthengethugged.Thatway,theystarttoassociatebeingwarmwithbeingloved.Understandably,theoristshavebeenarguingforyearsandstilldisagreeonwhetherthebrainisthenervecentrethatoperatestherestofthebody.OlderWesternphilosophersandmainstreamlanguageresearchersbelievethisisfact,whileECtheorisesthatthebrainandbodyareworkingtogetherasanorganicsupercomputer,processingeverythingandformingyourreactions.Furtherstudieshavebackedupthemind-bodyinteraction.Inoneexperiment,testsubjectswereaskedtojudgepeopleafterbeinghandedahotoracolddrink.Theyallmadewarmevaluationswhentheirfingertipsperceivedwarmthratherthancoolness.Anditworkstheotherwaytoo.Inanotherstudy,subjects’fingertiptemperaturesweremeasuredafterbeing“included”inor“rejected”fromagrouptask.Thosewhowereincludedfeltphysicallywarmer.Forfurtherproof,wecanlookatthemetaphors(比喻)thatweusewithouteventhinking.Akindandsympatheticpersonisfrequentlyreferredtoasonewithasoftheartandsomeonewhoisverystrongandcalmindifficultsituationsisoftendescribedassolidasarock.Andthiskindofmetaphoricaluseiscommonacrosslanguages.Nowthatyouhavetheknowledgeof