Unit 2 過(guò)習(xí)題（教師版）

外研版2019必修第三冊(cè)Unit2Makingadifference【過(guò)習(xí)題】第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMostofusknowabouttheNobelPrize,especiallytheNobelPeacePrize,butfewofusknowanythingaboutthemanwhosetitup.HisnamewasAlfredNobel.Hewasagreatscientistandinventorhimself.Besides,hehadabigbusiness.Hisbusinessmaysurpriseyou.Hemadeandsoldexplosives(炸藥).Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons(武器).Isn’tthissomethingthatsurprisesyou?ThemanwhomademoneyfromweaponsshouldsetuptheNobelPeacePrize?ThoughAlfredNobelhadalotofmoneyfromweapons,hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.HewasoneoftherichestinEurope.Whenhediedin1896,heleftbehindhimalotofmoneyandhisfamouswill.Accordingtohiswill,mostofhismoneywasplacedinafund.Hewantedtheinterest(利息)fromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.TheNobelPrizesareinternational.AlfredNobelwantedthewinnerstobechosenfortheirwork,notthecountrytheycamefrom.AlfredNobelhadgivenhiswholelifetohisstudiesandworkandtothebenefitsofmankind.Hemademoneyallbyhisownefforts,buthelettheworldsharehiswealth.Hisinventionsandwealthstaywiththeworldforever.1.WhatwasAlfred’sbusiness?A.Makingexplosivesandsellingweapons.B.Notmakingandsellingweapons.C.Makingandsellingexplosivesandweapons.D.Makingweaponsandsellingexplosives.2.WhydidNobelwanttosetuptheNobelPeacePrize?A.Becausehemadeenoughmoney.B.Becausehelikedtoliveinarichlife.C.Becausehewantedtogetmoreinterestfromthefund.D.Becausehedislikedwar.3.WheredotheNobelPrizescomefrom?A.Alltheinterestfromthefund.B.AllNobel’smoneyinhiscompany.C.AllNobel’smoneyinthefund.D.Someoftheinterestinthefund.答案CDAC[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本篇為人物傳記。文章介紹了設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息詞business定位信息句在第一段,“Hemadeandsoldexplosives(炸藥).Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons(武器).”故選C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息詞setuptheNobelPeacePrize定位信息句在第二段,“...hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.”故選D。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Hewantedtheinterest(利息)fromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.”可知,諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)出自基金的所有利息。故選A。BWhenIworkedinalargecity,passingbysomeonewhowashomelesswasn’tanuncommonsight.ThedifficultsituationofthoseIsawtouchedmedeeply.IfeltImustdosomething,and,asasinglemother,Idecidedtocomeupwithaplanthatfittedmylimitedbudget.IbeganbysettingasidefivetotendollarsandpassingthemontothoseImetonthestreeteachweek.Thoughadollarfeltlikeasmallamount,Irealizedhowpowerfulitwas.Forme,IrecognizedthatthoseIpassedbywerepeoplejustlikeme.Sometimeswewouldjokeabitandsmiletogether.Onsomeoccasions,Iwasabletogivemore.Idon’tknowhowandifthedollarshelped,butIknowthattheconnectionswemadedid.OnedayafterIhadstartedthisweeklypractice,Ihadsavedupenoughtobuymyselfanewwintercoat.Withitaroundmyshoulders,Irealizedthatmyoldcoatcouldstillbeputtousebysomeonewhohadlittleornothingtoprotectthemfromthecold.However,atthatmoment,Ifeltinspiredtopassonthisopportunityforkindness.Iturnedtothesalesmanwhohadhelpedme,andaskedifhewouldfeelcomfortabletakingmyoldcoat,walkingtothecorner,andofferingittosomeoneinneed.Slightlytakenaback,hesmiled.“IwillassoonasIgetabreak,”hesaid,“Thanksforbeingsoconsiderate.”

Ican’thelpbutfeelthatmyexperienceswithkindnesshavemovedmetopassiton,andinthisway,IfeelI’vehelpedmorethanjustthoseIpassbyonthestreet.Kindnesstouchesmanyhearts,andIamgratefulforthewayithastouchedmine.4.Whydidtheauthordecidetocomeupwithaplan?A.Becauseshewantedtoincreaseherlimitedbudget.B.Becausesheneededtosetasidesomebills.C.Becauseshealwayspassedbysomehomelesspeople.D.Becauseshewantedtodosomethingforthehomelesspeople.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthedollarsshegavetothosepeople?A.Itdidn’tmakesense.B.Itcouldhelpthemalot.C.Itmighthavebeenasmallamounttothem.D.Itbroughtafriendlyconnectionbetweenthem.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takenaback”inthefourthparagraphprobablymean?A.Surprised. B.Satisfied.C.Upset. D.Frightened.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HelpingPeopleWhoAreHomeless.B.MyExperienceswithKindness.C.RaisingMoneytoHelpThoseinNeed.D.MyWeeklyPracticeofHelpingOthers.答案DDAB[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為記敘文。作者講述了自己幫助一些無(wú)家可歸的人的經(jīng)歷,給他們捐款并送舊衣物等。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的plan,定位答案在第一段及第二段。根據(jù)IfeltImustdosomething...可知,作者制訂計(jì)劃是為了幫助無(wú)家可歸的人。故選D。5.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干信息定位于第三段中的...Iknowthattheconnectionswemadedid.由此可知,她和那些人之間建立起了一種友好關(guān)系。故選D。6.A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上一句話可知,作者希望銷售員把她的舊外套送給需要的人。由此可推知,銷售員對(duì)作者的善意感到驚訝。所以“takenaback”是“驚訝的”的意思。故選A。7.B主旨大意題。文章最后一段表達(dá)了中心,主要講述了作者通過(guò)幫助一些無(wú)家可歸的人,傳遞著善意,感動(dòng)著每一個(gè)人。故選B。CEveryexperiencethatAmericanbusinesswomanLeigh-AnnBuchananremembershascomefromtravel.HerearlytripstothecountriesinAsia,AfricaandtheAmericaswerenosmallthing—theyassistedhertomakeconnectionswithcommunityorganizationsabroad,buildleadershipskillsandfindagreaterpurposeinhervoluntarywork.Alloftheseexperiencesplayedanimportantpartinherbecomingamentor(導(dǎo)師)tohighschoolstudentsinMiami,US.Shesawthatmanyofherstudentsfromunderservedcommunitieshadneverleftthecountry.Thisnotonlyshutthemoutfromhavinglife-changingexperiences,buttheyoftenmissedoutoncollegescholarships(獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)becausetheirresumes(簡(jiǎn)歷)couldn’tcompetewiththosefromhigher-incomebackgrounds.ThenshesawaprogramfoundedbyherfriendinGhana.ItofferedUSstudentstheopportunitytoexperienceculturalexchangesabroad.BuchananwonderedwhythekidsshementoredinMiamicouldn’thavetheselife-changingexperiences.So,shestartedtheNyahProjectin2014.Sincethen,theprojecthasprovidedmoneyfor10-dayleadershiptripsto57high-performinghighschoolstudentsthroughoutunderservedcommunitiesinMiami.All57havegottenintocollegesaroundthecountry,andover90percenthavereceivedfullscholarshipstocollege.NyahfellowshavetraveledtocountriesincludingIndonesia,Namibia,CostaRicaandSouthAfrica.Thetripsbringculturalexchangeopportunities,likelearningabouttraditionalBalinesedanceinIndonesiaandteachingyoungerstudentsinNamibia.KemoniAlexander,whoisstudyingatOhioWesleyanUniversity,wasaNyahfellowin2017,andtraveledtoNamibiaandSouthAfricaforherfirsttimeoutofthecountry.“TheneighborhoodthatIgrewupinwasn’tthemostresourcefulandmyschoolswereshortofmoney,”saidAlexander.“IcouldhardlybelievethatIwasabletohavethatopportunitybecauseotherpeoplesawthatpotential(潛力)inmeandbelievedinme.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assisted”inParagraph1mean?A.Required. B.Helped.C.Trained. D.Reminded.9.WhydidBuchanansetuptheNyahProject?A.Toofferstudentsscholarships.B.Tosharehertravelexperiences.C.Tosupportherfriend’sprogram.D.Toprovidechancesforpoorchildren.10.HowdothechildrenbenefitfromtheNyahProject?A.Theyaresuretobementorsinthefuture.B.Theycanenjoytravelingworldwideforfree.C.Theycanexperienceculturalexchangesontrips.D.Theycanallreceivefullscholarshipstocollege.11.WhatcanweinferfromAlexander’swords?A.Shewasthankfulfortheopportunity.B.Shewasmoreconfidentofherability.C.Sheregrettedhavingjoinedtheproject.D.Shefeltembarrassedaboutherbackground.答案BDCA[語(yǔ)篇解讀]這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了美國(guó)女商人Leigh-AnnBuchanan創(chuàng)建Nyah項(xiàng)目,給貧困兒童提供到國(guó)外的旅行機(jī)會(huì),體驗(yàn)文化交流的故事。8.B詞義猜測(cè)題。由畫線單詞的下文可知這些經(jīng)歷“幫助”她實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我提升。故選B。9.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知,Buchanan創(chuàng)建Nyah項(xiàng)目的目的是為貧困孩子提供機(jī)會(huì)。故選D。10.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段可知,參加Nyah項(xiàng)目的孩子可以在旅行中經(jīng)歷文化交流。故選C。11.A推理判斷題。由最后一段可知,Alexander很感謝這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。DInmostsituations,theresponsesofbystanders(旁觀者)likenegativebodylanguage,uninvitedcommentsorpiecesofadviceonachild'sangrybehaviorcanaddtothestressofthesituation.Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.Onemomexperiencedthisfirst-hand.ThismomwasobviouslypregnantandtravelingalonewithheryoungsonattheLosAngelesInternationalAirport.Thenthingstookaturnfortheworse.Theboy,about18monthsold,accordingtoBeth,aFacebookuser,wasrunningallovertheplace,kicking,screaming,andlyingonthefloor,unwillingtogetaboardtheplane.Hismomdidherbesttocalmhimdown,butBethsaid,“Shecouldn'tpickhimupbecausehewassoupset.Hekeptrunningawayfromher,thenlyingdownontheground,kickingandscreamingagain.”Finally,themomwasatherwits'end.Shesatdownonthefloornexttoherson,buriedherfaceinherhands,andbegantocry.

Thenthemostamazingthinghappened.Agroupofsixorsevenwomen,Bethincluded,circledaroundthemotherandsonanddidsomethingtohelp.Bethsanghimthe“ItsyBitsySpider”.Anotherofferedanorange.Anothergavehimatoyshehadonhand.AnotherhelpedgethiscupoutofMom'sbag.YetanothertendedtoMombyofferingherawaterbottle.Withthehelpofthesewomen,thekidandhismothercalmeddownandwereabletoboardtheplane.Andthenlifemovedon.Allofthestrangerswenttheirseparatewayswithoutspeakingofwhathadhappened.ButBethsaiditwassomethingshe'dneverforget.“Wewerestrangers,gatheringtosolvesomething,”shewrote.“Itoccurredtomethatacircleofpassers-by,withamission,cansavetheworld.”12.Whatarethebystanderssupposedtodoaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Laughattheparents.B.Giveparentssomeadvice.C.Commentonthesituation.D.Bekindandofferassistance.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“wasatherwits'end”probablymean?A.Madeuphermind.B.Feltworriedandtotallyataloss.C.Gaveupandranaway.D.Collectedherthoughtsandcalmeddown.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethesceneinParagraph5?A.Alarming. B.Exciting. C.Romantic. D.Warm.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Strangerscanhelpout B.Beth,agreatmomC.Womencansavetheworld D.Let'scareforchildrenⅠ.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是記敘文。文章講述了一位懷孕的母親因?yàn)楹⒆涌摁[而感到無(wú)助時(shí),陌生人為處于困境的媽媽帶來(lái)善意和力所能及的幫助。12.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.可知,旁觀者應(yīng)該善待他人,提供幫助。故選D。根據(jù)第一段中Inmostsituations,theresponsesofbystanders(旁觀者)likenegativebodylanguage,uninvitedcommentsorpiecesofadviceonachild'sangrybehaviorcanaddtothestressofthesituation.可知B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;A項(xiàng)在第一段沒(méi)有涉及。13.B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文Shesatdownonthefloornexttoherson,buriedherfaceinherhands,andbegantocry.可知媽媽不知該如何是好。由此推知,畫線部分與Feltworriedandtotallyataloss.(感到擔(dān)心和完全不知所措)意思接近。A項(xiàng)“Madeuphermind.(下定決心)”、C項(xiàng)“Gaveupandranaway.(放棄并逃跑)”和D項(xiàng)“Collectedherthoughtsandcalmeddown.(整理思緒平靜下來(lái))”均不符合語(yǔ)境。14.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段可知,本段所描述的是幾位路過(guò)的女性給這位無(wú)助的母親提供熱心幫助,這個(gè)場(chǎng)景很溫暖(warm)。故選D。alarming使人驚恐的;exciting令人興奮的;romantic浪漫的。15.A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的Butsometimesbystanders'understanding,andsometimestheirwordsoractionscanmakeapositivedifference.Onemomexperiencedthisfirst-hand.和最后一段中的“Wewerestrangers,gatheringtosolvesomething,”shewrote.“Itoccurredtomethatacircleofpassers-by,withamission,cansavetheworld.”可知,本篇文章重點(diǎn)講的是路人可以為處于困境的人帶來(lái)善意和力所能及的幫助。由此可知,Strangerscanhelpout(陌生人可以幫忙擺脫困境)適合作為本文標(biāo)題。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.___16___Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”___17___Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.___18___Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.___19___Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.___20___It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.BYouwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C.Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.B20.D【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了成為好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則。【16題詳解】本文主題是介紹成為好的演講者要掌握的一些原則。上句提到有些人生來(lái)就有演講的天賦。G項(xiàng):然而，大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有影響的演講者，是因?yàn)樗麄兪苓^(guò)訓(xùn)練。與上句轉(zhuǎn)折，引出本文主題--演講者要訓(xùn)練。故選G。【17題詳解】下句Focusonthespeaking.是本段主題，建議演講者把注意力集中在演講上。上句提到一種常見現(xiàn)象，當(dāng)站起來(lái)發(fā)表演講時(shí)，演講者往往會(huì)把注意力放在”公眾”上，而不是”演講”上。這是錯(cuò)誤的做法，A項(xiàng)Dotheopposite.承上啟下，說(shuō)明了上句做法的錯(cuò)誤，引出了下句正確的做法。故選A?！?8題詳解】本段提到即使成功的演講者也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤，觀眾不會(huì)太在意你的錯(cuò)誤。上句建議當(dāng)出錯(cuò)時(shí)不要停止演講，除非是非常嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。C項(xiàng):你不需要為一個(gè)小失誤道歉。與上句承接，是對(duì)待演講出錯(cuò)的方法。故選C?！?9題詳解】本段是說(shuō)明練習(xí)的重要性。上句提到你的目標(biāo)不是成為一個(gè)完美的演說(shuō)家，下句應(yīng)該說(shuō)明目標(biāo)是什么。B.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.與上句銜接，是我們演講的真正目的。故選B?！?0題詳解】下文提到觀眾并不是認(rèn)為演講越長(zhǎng)越好，根據(jù)Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.可知，作者建議讓演講比預(yù)期的短一點(diǎn)，給觀眾更多的期待勝過(guò)讓他們坐立不安地等待演講結(jié)束。D項(xiàng):公開演講時(shí)，通常少就是多。說(shuō)明了演講時(shí)，多和少的辯證關(guān)系。故選D。六、完形填空(本題共15小題，每小題1分，共15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond_____21_____.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____22____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____23____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe____24____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____25____,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He____26____thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe____27____.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek____28____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe____29____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand_____30_____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.____31____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas______32______foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe_____33_____ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto______34______rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai_____35_____toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice22.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge23.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward24.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise26.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted27.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust28.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance30.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed31.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding32.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial33.A.back B.top C.foot D.side34.A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect35.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。Molai在印度的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大。16歲的時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水導(dǎo)致他的家園遭受巨大損失。樹木的缺乏導(dǎo)致這些動(dòng)物失去了遮蔽物，很多鳥兒離開，蛇類數(shù)量減少。Molai決定改變這一切，他經(jīng)過(guò)努力，在附近找到了一個(gè)小島，開始種樹。在30多年的時(shí)間里，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)村莊位于一些濕地附近，那里成了他的第二個(gè)家。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)空前的second可知，他出生的村莊是他的家，村莊附近的一些“濕地”成為了他的第二個(gè)“家”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他從小就在那里了解到了大自然的價(jià)值和美麗。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年輕；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知識(shí)。濕地展現(xiàn)了“大自然”的價(jià)值和美。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:16歲時(shí)，Molai開始注意到他的家周圍發(fā)生了一些令人不安的事情。A.precious寶貴的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing令人不安的，引起煩惱的；D.awkward尷尬的，笨拙的。該段后半部分提到:洪水侵襲，很多鳥兒離開，蛇的數(shù)量減少。這些情況都不正常，令人不安。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:那年早些時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，洪水造成的損害趕走了很多鳥類。A.waste廢物；B.tension緊張；C.pain疼痛，痛苦；D.damage損害，傷害。洪水侵襲這個(gè)地區(qū)，它會(huì)“損害”莊稼、樹木，這些都會(huì)導(dǎo)致鳥兒們離開。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:此外，蛇的數(shù)量也減少了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)aswell可知，洪水不僅導(dǎo)致很多鳥兒離開。而且，它還導(dǎo)致蛇的數(shù)量減少。故選A。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹來(lái)保護(hù)它們免受炎熱的影響。A.agreed同意；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.remembered記住，記起；D.predicted預(yù)測(cè)。Molai“意識(shí)到”鳥兒離開、蛇類減少是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹木。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他意識(shí)到這是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹來(lái)保護(hù)它們免受炎熱的影響。A.noise噪音；B.heat熱；C.disease疾??；D.dust塵土。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，樹木可以提供陰涼，從而保護(hù)鳥類和蛇類免受炎熱的影響。故選B。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)然，解決的辦法是種樹，這樣動(dòng)物們就可以在白天尋找棲身之處。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help幫助；D.shelter遮蔽，庇護(hù)，遮蔽物。樹木可以給動(dòng)物們提供“遮蔽”。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他向森林部門求助，但被告知那里什么也不長(zhǎng)。A.labor勞動(dòng)；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance財(cái)政，金融。根據(jù)前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知，Molai想要種樹，所以他應(yīng)該向“森林”部門求助。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，發(fā)現(xiàn)了附近的一個(gè)島嶼，他開始在那里種樹。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開；D.managed設(shè)法做成。根據(jù)前面的”lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下來(lái)就應(yīng)該是他”發(fā)現(xiàn)”了一個(gè)小島。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.Decorating裝飾；B.Observing觀察到；C.Watering澆水；D.Guarding守衛(wèi)。該段后半部分?jǐn)⑹龅氖荕olai想盡辦法收集水的努力。再結(jié)合該句中的“thedryseason”可知，在旱季給幼苗“澆水”很難。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:對(duì)一個(gè)孤獨(dú)的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，在旱季給幼苗澆水是很困難的。A.tough困難的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic極好的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)該段后半部分的敘述可知，Molai想盡辦法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，給幼苗澆水很“難”。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個(gè)竹子平臺(tái)，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來(lái)收集雨水。A.back背部；B.top頂端；C.foot腳；D.side一邊，一側(cè)。根據(jù)該段最后一句“Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平臺(tái)應(yīng)該在每棵樹苗的”頂端”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))辨析。句意:Molai在每棵樹苗的頂端都搭建了一個(gè)竹子平臺(tái)，在那里他放置了帶有小洞的陶罐來(lái)收集雨水。A.cooldown冷卻下來(lái)；B.keepoff與……保持距離；C.purify凈化，使純凈；D.collect收集。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，陶罐是用來(lái)盛水的。由此可知，他將陶罐放到竹子平臺(tái)上“收集”雨水。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在接下來(lái)的37年里，Molai繼續(xù)種樹。A.returned返回；B.learned學(xué)會(huì)；C.failed失敗；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)后一句可知，他的努力使1360英畝的天然土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。由此推知，在接下來(lái)的37年里，他“繼續(xù)”種樹。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HuangHeorTheYellowRiver,flowingthroughnineprovinces,isthesecondlongestriverinChina.Itisalsothesixthlongestintheworldattheestimated____36____(long)of5,464kilometers.Therivertakesonadistinctiveyellowcolor.That's____37____itcollectsmuchsilt(泥沙)anddustfromtheenvironment.TheYellowRiveriscalled“thecradle(搖籃)ofChinesecivilization”as____38___(it)basin-theWeivalley-wasthebirthplaceofancientChinesecivilizationsandthemostprosperous(繁榮的)regioninearlyChinesehistory.Boththeriverandthepeoplealongitsshoreshaveshapedeachother____39____(deep).Whetheryou’reahistoryfanornot,theriveris____40____(fascinate).OriginatingintheBayanHarMountainsinQinghaiProvinceinwesternChina,itflows____41____nineprovincesofChinaandrunsintotheBohaiSea.TheYellowRiverbasinhas____42____east-westextentof1900kmandanorth-southextentof1100km.Itstotalbasinareais742,443km2.Twoofthemostpopularspots____43____(visit)aretheHukouFallsandtheSilkRoadCrossingatLanzhou.TheYellowRiverusedtobecalled“China’sSorrow”becauseofthefrequentfloodshitting.In1955,Chinesegovernment____44____(develop)aplantocontrolflooding.Since1960,tensofthousandsoftrees_____45_____(plant)alongthebanks.【答案】36.length37.because38.its39.deeply40.fascinating41.through42.an43.tovisit44.developed45.havebeenplanted【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)的河流——黃河。介紹了黃河的地理特性以及它的文化淵源?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：它也是世界上第六長(zhǎng)的，估計(jì)長(zhǎng)度為5464公里。填空處前有“theestimated(估計(jì)的)”形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)以及“of”結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明填空處需要填一個(gè)名詞，提示詞long是形容詞，需要變成名詞形式。故填length?！?7題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是因?yàn)樗鼜沫h(huán)境中收集了大量的淤泥和灰塵。填空處前面有be動(dòng)詞，并且后面有“itcollects”主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明填空處后面有從句，需要填一個(gè)連接詞，本句與前一句有因果關(guān)系，說(shuō)明黃河河水變黃是有原因的。故填because。【38題詳解】考查代詞。句意：黃河被稱為“中華文明的搖籃”，因?yàn)樗牧饔颉己恿饔颉侵袊?guó)古代文明的發(fā)源地，也是中國(guó)早期歷史上最繁榮的地區(qū)。填空處后面出現(xiàn)名詞“basin(盆地)”說(shuō)明填空處需要填寫形容詞性物主代詞，括號(hào)中提示詞it的形容詞性物主代詞是its。故填its?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這條河和它沿岸的人民彼此深深地影響著。填空處前有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)“haveshaped(使成形，塑造)”，括號(hào)中提示詞deep是形容詞，修飾動(dòng)詞需要副詞形式。故填deeply。【40題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：不管你是不是歷史迷，這條河都很迷人。括號(hào)中提示詞fascinate是動(dòng)詞，填空處前面有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is，這里需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作為表語(yǔ)，表示黃河迷人的特征。故填fascinating?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它發(fā)源于中國(guó)西部青海省的巴彥喀爾山，流經(jīng)中國(guó)九個(gè)省份，最后流入渤海。本句填空處前有“flow”表示“流動(dòng)”，根據(jù)句意這里表示黃河流動(dòng)穿過(guò)九個(gè)省份，需要介詞搭配flow，從而表示穿過(guò)的意思。故填through?！?2題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：黃河流域向西延伸1900公里，向南延伸1100公里。填空處后面出現(xiàn)了名詞短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)“east-westextent(東西向的延伸)”，說(shuō)明前面需要填寫冠詞，而“extent”是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，并且“east”首字母是元音音素發(fā)音。故填an?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最值得參觀的兩個(gè)景點(diǎn)是湖口瀑布和蘭州絲綢之路十字路口。填空處前有名詞“spots(景點(diǎn))”，括號(hào)提示詞visit，表示參觀的意思，這里是使用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行修飾。故填tovisit?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1955年，中國(guó)政府制定了防洪計(jì)劃。本句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因此括號(hào)中的提示詞要使用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，并且時(shí)間提示詞“1995年”表示過(guò)去時(shí)間，因此使用動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填developed?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自1960年以來(lái)，沿河岸種植了數(shù)萬(wàn)棵樹。本句除了填空詞以外沒(méi)有其他動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明本句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，填空詞要用謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，而標(biāo)志詞“since”表示自從1960年起至今，要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。而且主語(yǔ)“tree”與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填havebeenplanted。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)你校正在組織英語(yǔ)作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括:1.人物簡(jiǎn)介；2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文題目和首句已為你寫好。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.Theymaybeourteachers,parentsoroneofourelders.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmost.Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.Heachievedalotinhiswork,respectedbyhisstudents.So,inmymindmyfatheristhepersonIrespectmostandIlovehimdeeply.【解析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求學(xué)生以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽。第一步：審題體裁：應(yīng)用文。時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法。要求：1.人物簡(jiǎn)介：2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。第二步：列提綱（重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)）Asforme；sparesometime；listentomepatiently;第三步：連詞成句1.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmostly.2.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.3.Myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。第四步：連句成篇1.表示文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：介紹人物；闡述原因2.表示并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：Asfor;and;but;So第五步：潤(rùn)色修改第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity.Astheeconomywasindecline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges.Mrs.Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman.Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor.Sheknewtheyhadproblems,andtheyneededallkindsofhelp.Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed,hiswife,whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork,andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy-hisnamewasBernard-hadinterestedherverymuch.“Iwishyoucouldseehim,”shesaidtoherownchildren,John,Harry,andClara.“Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando.”Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard.“Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,”saidClara.“Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.”“SodoI,”saidHarry.“Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem.”Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcr