湖北省部分省級(jí)示范高中2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中測(cè)試英語試卷 （解析版）

湖北省部分省級(jí)示范高中2021～2022學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中測(cè)試高二英語試卷選擇題部分第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié))做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。第一節(jié)(共5小題)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.GohikingB.Goswimming.C.Campinthemountains.2.Howwillthewomangodowntown?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.3.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.4.Whenshouldthewomanreturnthebookaccordingtotheman?A.NolaterthannextTuesday.B.NolaterthanSaturday.C.NolaterthannextFriday.5.Whatisthewoman’sattitude?A.SheisgoodatspokenEnglish.B.ShethinksspokenEnglishisuseful.C.Sheisn’tinterestedinspokenEnglish.第二節(jié)(共15小題)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmuchsunlightdoestheplantneed?A.Alot.B.Alittle.C.Noneatall.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplant?A.It’sbeautifulandperfect.B.It’sveryexpensive.C.It’stoodifficulttokeepalive.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhomdidpeopleusuallymarryinRussiainthepast?A.Thosewiththesameinterests.B.Thosewiththesamebackground.C.Thosewiththesameprofession.9.Whatdidthewomandowhenshemetherhusband?A.Shewasascientist.B.Shewasateacher.C.Shewasamusician.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhichisNOTthereasonwhythemandislikesthecity?A.Theairisnotfresh.B.It’stoonoisy.C.Housingisexpensiveinthecity.11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutmoving?A.Sheiseagertomovetothecountryside.B.Shepreferstomovetoanothercity.C.Shedoesn’treallywanttomove.12.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Moveoutofthecity.B.Findanewjob.C.Buyahouseinthecity.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatmusicmakesthemanwanttodance?A.The80smusic.B.Thesong“Holiday”C.Madonna’snewmusic.14.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Thinkaboutpastexperiences.B.Drivemorecarefully.C.Trysomethingnew.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutschool?A.Gettinggoodgradesisimportant.B.Oneshouldn’tstudyhistoryatschool.C.Studyingiscomplicated.16.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Hewillforgetthepast.B.Thewomanisright.C.Hewillstudyharder.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisTaskRabbit?A.Aservicecompany.B.Amovingcompany.C.Asmartphonecompany.18.WhatcouldaTaskRabbitworkerdo?A.Helpyoumoveyourfurniture.B.Findyouajobtodo.C.Lendyoumoneyforrent.19.WhofoundedTaskRabbit?A.LeahBusque.B.Sally.C.Sally’sNeighbors.20.HowmanyTaskRabbitemployeeshaveabachelor’sdegree?A.5%ofallTaskRabbitemployees.B.20%ofallTaskRabbitemployees.C.70%ofallTaskRabbitemployees.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)(共15小題)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideLowtherCastle&GardensUniquehistoricrestorationproject;130acresofwildgardensdatingfromthe17thcenturytoexplore,andabeautifularchitecturalcastleruin,periodsummerhouses,panoramiclakelandviews.andwildplayareas.Restoredstablecourtyardcafe,giftshopandgallery.Open:Dailyfrom10:00to17:00(16:00inwinter).LakelandClimbingCentreWeareoneoftheUK’slargestindooraerialadventureCentresofferingclimbingandaerialactivitiesforallthefamily(5years＋).Ouraward-winningCentrecontainsKendalWall(tallestwallinthecountry),awesomeboulderingrooms,CrazyClimbandSkylineIndoorAerialAdventure.Freecarparking.Pre-bookingrecommended.Open:MontoFri10:00-22:00.Sat,Sun&BHs:10:00-19:00(10:00-17:00MaytoAug).MuseumofLakelandLife&IndustryThisatmosphericmuseumtakesyoubackthroughtimetoexplorethestoryofthelakeDistrictanditsinhabitants.Discovertheuniquetraditionsoftheregionthroughrecreatedperiodroomsandworkshopslosttradestoseehowruralpeoplelived,workedandplayed.Open:MondaytoSaturdayandSummerSundays.10:30-17:00Summer.10:30-16:00Winter.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatLakelandClimbingCentre?A.Buysomegiftsinagiftshop.B.Climbthetallestwallintheworld.C.Goonanindooraerialadventure.D.Explorethestoryoftheinhabitants.2.WhenistheLowtherCastleGardensopeninWinter?A.10:30-16:00. B.10:00-16:00.C10:30-17:00. D.10:00-17:00.3.WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttodiscovertheuniquetraditionsofLakeDistrict?A.LowtherCastle&Gardens.B.LakelandClimbingCentre.C.SkylineIndoorAerialAdventure.D.MuseumofLakelandLife&.Industry.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了湖區(qū)景點(diǎn)指南?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LakelandClimbingCentre部分的第一段第一句話“WeareoneoftheUK’slargestindooraerialadventureCentresofferingclimbingandaerialactivitiesforallthefamily(5years＋).(我們是英國最大的室內(nèi)空中冒險(xiǎn)中心之一，為所有家庭提供攀巖和空中活動(dòng)(5年以上)。)”可知，游客們能夠在LakelandClimbingCentre進(jìn)行室內(nèi)空中冒險(xiǎn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LowtherCastle&Gardens部分的第二段“Open:Dailyfrom10:00to17:00(16:00inwinter).(開放時(shí)間：每天10:00至17:00(冬季16:00)。)”可知，LowtherCastle&Gardens在冬天的開放時(shí)間是10點(diǎn)到16點(diǎn)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseumofLakelandLife&Industry部分的第一段第二句話“Discovertheuniquetraditionsoftheregionthroughrecreatedperiodroomsandworkshopslosttradestoseehowruralpeoplelived,workedandplayed.(通過重建時(shí)期的房間和作坊來發(fā)現(xiàn)該地區(qū)的獨(dú)特傳統(tǒng)，看看農(nóng)村人是如何生活、工作和娛樂的。)”可知，如果游客想發(fā)現(xiàn)湖區(qū)獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)?？梢匀useumofLakelandLife&Industry。故選D。BTheflowersarebloomingandthebirdsaresingingasMelindasitsintherosegardenofthenursinghome.Sheisrecallingoldtimesasshewaitsforherfamily’sarrival.ThenursinghomehasbeenMelinda’snewsettlementeversinceThomaspassedawayaweekago.Thomashadfoughtalongandhardbattleagainstlungcancerforthreeyears.Unfortunately,hehasbrokenthepromisethatheandMelindahadmade:tobewitheachotherforeverybirthday.Melindaknewthiswasunrealistic(不現(xiàn)實(shí)的)butagreedtothepromiseforThomas’ssake.“Thomas,youarecompletelyadreamer”MelindashoutedtoThomasashedraggedonaboutlivingonanislandwithhisbeautifulwife.That’swhatshelovedabouthimmost—hehadavividimagination.Theygotmarriedatageeighteenandbeganhavingchildrenrightaway.Marycamewithintheyear,followedbyThomasBenjaminⅡ,Lilly-Ann,andJoseph“LittleJoey”George.Thefamilylivedanexultantlifefilledwithlaughterandlove.“Mom!”Lillyshouted,butitreallysoundedlikeahowl.Melindahadlostherselfinthinkingaboutthelifeshehadsharedwithherlatehusband.Lillypushedherdownthelongdarkhallsofthenursinghomeuntiltheyarrivedattherecreationalroom.Whenthedoorsopened,Melindaputherhandoverhermouthandwascompletelyspeechless.Theroomwascrowdedwiththepeoplenearestanddearesttoherandthewarmthandlovewasfeltinstantly.Thenightwenton;storiesandcocktailsweresharedandeverythingwasperfect.However,whenMelindacaughtamomenttoherselfshelookedaroundatherfamily.Withasmileonherface,sheraisedherManhattanandcalledoutforatoast.“Thisoneisforyou,Thomas,thoughyouarenothere.”4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“exultant”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Peaceful. B.Simple.C.Stressful. D.Happy.5.WhydidThomasbreakhispromise?A.Hewasbusywithhiswork. B.Hediedoflungcancer.C.Hehadtoserveinthearmy. D.HestoppedlovingMelinda.6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Melinda’schildrenforgottheirfather. B.Melindawastiredofnoise.C.Melindamissedherhusbandbadly. D.Melindalikedtodrinkalcohol.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AParticularBirthday B.AWomanataNursingHomeC.MemoriesofOldDay D.ABigSurpriseforMelinda【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了住在養(yǎng)老院里的Melinda生日的時(shí)候回想起以往的生活，想起丈夫曾經(jīng)的承若，她很懷念剛?cè)ナ赖恼煞騎homas?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Thefamilylivedanexultantlifefilledwithlaughterandlove.(這家人過著其樂融融的生活，充滿了歡笑和愛)”中的“filledwithlaughterandlove”可知，這家人的生活充滿了笑聲和愛。由此推知，劃線詞“exultant”與“Happy”同義，表示“幸福的”。故選D。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ThenursinghomehasbeenMelinda’snewsettlementeversinceThomaspassedawayaweekago.Thomashadfoughtalongandhardbattleagainstlungcancerforthreeyears.Unfortunately,hehasbrokenthepromisethatheandMelindahadmade...(自從Thomas一周前去世以來，這家養(yǎng)老院一直是Melinda的新住處。Thomas與肺癌進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)達(dá)三年的艱苦斗爭(zhēng)。不幸的是，他違背了他和梅琳達(dá)的承諾……)”可知，Thomas沒有遵守諾言是因?yàn)樗驗(yàn)榉伟┤ナ懒恕９蔬xB?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Withasmileonherface,sheraisedherManhattanandcalledoutforatoast.“Thisoneisforyou,Thomas,thoughyouarenothere.”(她臉上帶著微笑，舉起酒杯敬酒，“這是敬你的，Thomas，雖然你不在這兒?！?”可知，Melinda非常想念她的丈夫。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述Melinda回想起丈夫和自己的約定：每年的生日都在一起過，而這個(gè)約定因?yàn)檎煞虻娜ナ罒o法實(shí)現(xiàn)，家人們來到養(yǎng)老院為Melinda慶祝生日。結(jié)合第一段“Unfortunately,hehasbrokenthepromisethatheandMelindahadmade:tobewitheachotherforeverybirthday.(不幸的是，他違背了他和Melinda許下的諾言：每個(gè)生日都和對(duì)方在一起)”可知，“AParticularBirthday(一個(gè)特別的生日)”適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選A。C3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Wearenowabletocreatethingsweneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.Butcanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionizethediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbeascommonasthemicrowaveovenorblender.Scientistssaythatit’llbequiteeasy:yousimplyhavetoselectarecipeandputtherawfood“inks”intotheprinter.Youcanalsomodifytheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritiousmeals.Using3Dprinterstocreateyourmealswouldalsobesavingtheenvironment.Therewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowing,transportingandpackagingprocessesasfoodproductionwouldbealotmoreefficient.Forexample,alternativeingredients(原料)suchasproteinsfromalgae,beetrootleavesandinsectscouldbeconvertedintotastyproducts.Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphasia(aswallowingdisorder).Theycouldprogramtheprintertoprintsofterversionsoftheirfavoritefoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleinswallowingthem.However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthosefromgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw“foodink”.Likewise,traditionalcafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isitreallypossibletobegetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinksandgels(凝膠)?What’smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepleasureofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofabutton.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes3Dfoodprinting?A.Quickandpopular. B.Easyandefficient.CNutritiousandtasty. D.Softandconvenient.9.Whydosomethinkthat3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster?A.Traditionalfoodwoulddisappear.B.Manypeoplecouldlosetheirjobs.CItwouldaffectthepeople’shealth.D.Wecouldalleatthesamefood.10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.3Dfoodprintingwillreplacetraditionalcooking.B.3Dprintingfoodcantreatdysphasia.C.Itwouldhurtourtraditionoffoodculture.D.3Dfoodprintingwouldbeafailure.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.3Dfood“printing”:comingtothekitchen.B.Can3Dprintingcreateeverything?C.3Dprintingfoodwillbeinfashion!D.Thedisadvantageof3Dfoodprinting.【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了3D食品打印技術(shù)和它帶來的好處及一些人對(duì)于該項(xiàng)發(fā)明的看法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“Scientistssaythatit’llbequiteeasy:yousimplyhavetoselectarecipeandputtherawfood“inks”intotheprinter.Youcanalsomodifytheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritiousmeals.”(科學(xué)家說這很簡(jiǎn)單：你只需要選擇一個(gè)食譜，然后把生的食物“墨水”放進(jìn)打印機(jī)。你也可以修改說明，使食物完全符合你的要求。這意味著它將非?？焖俸腿菀椎刂谱髅牢逗蜖I養(yǎng)的膳食。)可知，3D食品打印是容易且高效的。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthosefromgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.”(然而，一些人認(rèn)為3D食品打印的未來將是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。它會(huì)帶走很多工作崗位，包括種植、運(yùn)輸和包裝食品的工作崗位。)可知，3D食品打印會(huì)使得很多人失去工作，因此，一些人認(rèn)為它是一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容“What’smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepleasureofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofabutton.”(更重要的是，與家人和朋友一起做飯和吃飯一直是一種傳統(tǒng)和令人愉快的活動(dòng)。很難想象，在這樣一個(gè)世界里，烹飪的樂趣已不復(fù)存在，只需按一下按鈕就能創(chuàng)造出飯菜。)可知，3D食品打印會(huì)損害我們的飲食文化傳統(tǒng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionizethediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbeascommonasthemicrowaveovenorblender.”(一些科學(xué)家正試圖通過這樣做來徹底改變用餐體驗(yàn)。他們希望廚房里的3D打印機(jī)能像微波爐或攪拌機(jī)一樣普及。)及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了3D食品打印技術(shù)和它帶來的好處及一些人對(duì)于該項(xiàng)發(fā)明的看法，A選項(xiàng)“3Dfood“printing”:comingtothekitchen.”(3D食物“打印”：走進(jìn)廚房)符合本文大意，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DCigarettesaren’tjustharmfulwhenthey’rebeingsmoked.Evenwhencigaretteendsgooutandarecold,newresearchhasfoundtheycontinuetogiveoffharmfulchemicalsintheair.Inthefirst24hoursalone,scientistssayausedcigaretteendwillproduce14percentofthenicotine(尼古丁)thatanactivelyburningcigarettewouldproduce.Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater.“Iwasabsolutelysurprised,”sinceenvironmentalengineerDustinPoppendieckfromtheUnitedStatesNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST).“Thenumbersaresignificantandcouldhaveimportantimpactswhencigaretteendsaredealtwithindoorsorincars.Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter.”Tomeasureemissions(排放)fromthisforgottenthing,Poppendieckandhisteamplaced2,100cigarettesthatwererecentlyputoutinsideaspecialroom.Oncetheendsweresealedaway,theteammeasuredeightchemicalscommonlyproducedbycigarettes,fourofwhichtheFDAhavetheireyeonforbeingharmfulorpotentiallyso.Aftersettingtheroom’stemperature,theresearcherstestedhowemissionschangedundercertainconditions.Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates.Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸)outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat.12.Whatdotheresearcherssayaboutcigaretteends?A.Theycontainlittlenicotine.B.Theyproducenonicotinefivedayslater.C.Theygiveoffnicotinefordays.D.Theycreateasmuchnicotineasburningcigarettes.13.WhatdoPoppendieck’swordssuggest?A.First-handsmokingdoesmostharm.B.Thefindingsarewithinhisexpectation.C.Cigarettesshouldbedealtwithindoors.D.Healthinfluenceofcigaretteendsisignored.14.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetonotcleaningashtraysfordays?A.Unclear. B.Disapproving. C.Unconcerned. D.Puzzled.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsedCigaretteEndsReleaseHarmfulChemicalsB.CigarettesAreMoreHarmfulWhileBeingSmokedC.ResearchFoundReasonsForCigaretteEnds’HarmD.CigaretteEndsProduceMoreChemicalsintheHeat【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，香煙不僅在燃燒時(shí)有害，甚至在徹底熄滅后煙蒂依然會(huì)釋放有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whilemostofthesechemicalsarereleasedwithinadayofbeingputout,ananalysisfortheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)foundthelevelofnicotinefellbyjust50%fivedayslater.(美國食品和藥物管理局的一項(xiàng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)大部分在排放后的一天內(nèi)被釋放出來，但五天后尼古丁的含量只下降了50%。)”可知，煙熄滅后，尼古丁的濃度在五天以后僅下降一半，也就是說熄滅的煙蒂好幾天內(nèi)都會(huì)釋放尼古丁。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中Poppendieck所說的“Whilemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtothehealthinfluenceoffirst-hand,second-handandnowthird-handsmoking,itisnotthecasewhenitcomestotheactualcigaretteendofthematter.(雖然人們已經(jīng)很關(guān)注吸一手煙、二手煙以及現(xiàn)在的三手煙對(duì)健康的影響，但當(dāng)涉及到真正的香煙時(shí)，情況卻并非如此。)”可推斷，人們不像關(guān)注一手煙、二手煙和三手煙對(duì)健康的影響那樣關(guān)注煙蒂對(duì)健康的影響，即它對(duì)健康的影響被忽視了。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Whentheairtemperatureoftheroomwashigher,forinstance,theynoticedtheendsproducedthesechemicalsathigherrates.(例如，當(dāng)房間的空氣溫度較高時(shí)，他們注意到這些煙蒂會(huì)以更快的速度產(chǎn)生這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。)”可知，溫度高時(shí)，煙蒂釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的速度更快。再根據(jù)“Thisfindingmightdiscouragethosewhowanttoleaveashtrays(煙灰缸)outfordaysatatime,especiallyintheheat.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)讓那些想把煙灰缸放在外面好幾天的人打消念頭，尤其是在炎熱的天氣里。)”可知，作者并不認(rèn)同好幾天不清理煙灰缸的做法。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。這是一篇說明文，根據(jù)全文，特別是文章第一段“Evenwhencigaretteendsgooutandarecold,newresearchhasfoundtheycontinuetogiveoffharmfulchemicalsintheair.”概括了主題，即研究發(fā)現(xiàn)吸完煙蒂會(huì)釋放有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。所以“UsedCigaretteEndsReleaseHarmfulChemicals(吸完的煙頭會(huì)釋放有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HappinessbeginsfromappreciationIfyouarefeelingthatlifejustcannotbeanyworseforyou,itcanbechallengingtothinkpositive.Whenstressed,depressed,upsetorotherwiseinanegativestateofmindbecauseyouareawarethatmisfortunekeepsoccurring,itisimportanttoshiftthosenegativethoughtstosomethingpositive.____16____Itisoftenveryhardtothinkpositivewhensomanythingsarenegative,butbesurethatsomeone,somewhereisworseoffthanyou.____17____Ifyoustartwithonesmall,positivethingandappreciateitduringthecourseofyourday,youwillbegintomoveintoamorepositivesituationandpeoplewillstartshowingupinyourlife.Withappreciation,youwillfindthatovertime,youwillchangeyouroutlookandchoosetobehappy,regardlessoftheeventsaroundyou.____18____●Beginandendeachdaywitha“Thankyouforthiswonderful,gloriousday!”●Whenyouseetheriseofgasprices,say“Iamsogladtohaveavehicleinwhichtogetaround.”●Whenyourbossistoohardonyou,say“IamgratefulformyjobasIknowthatmanydon’thaveone.”●Ifyouarehavinghealthproblems,begratefulforwhatdoeswork:“Ireallydoappreciateitthatmyeyessee,myearshear,mymouthtastes,mylegswalk,myarmsliftandmymindthinksandeverythingelseworks.”●Writedownwhatyou’regratefulforeachday.Inmomentswhenyou’refeelingreallydown,readloudwhatyouwrotepreviously.____19____Ifyoupracticethisregularly,youwillfindyourlistgettinglongerandlonger.Thekeyistomoveyourselfintoapositivethoughtandkeepittherelongenoughtomakeitamomentofappreciation.____20____A.Thiswillcertainlyhelpupliftyourspirits.B.Ifnot,youwillonlyattractmoremisfortune.C.Itisofgreatimportancetolearntobegrateful.D.Themoreyouappreciate,thehappieryou’llbe.E.Ifyouhavemadesomeachievementsinyourcareer.F.Hereareafewcommonexamplesforyoutopractice.G.Youcanchoosetothinkdifferentlybybeginningwiththesmallestofsteps.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.A20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。它告訴人們：幸福從欣賞開始。【16題詳解】上文提到“當(dāng)你意識(shí)到不幸不斷發(fā)生的時(shí)候，當(dāng)你感到壓力、沮喪、沮喪或其他消極情緒時(shí)，重要的是把消極的想法轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極的事情?！背薪由衔模珺項(xiàng)Ifnot,youwillonlyattractmoremisfortune.“如果沒有，你只會(huì)招來更多的不幸?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的not指的就是上文中的“把消極的想法轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉e極的事情?！薄?7題詳解】上文提到“當(dāng)很多事情都是消極的時(shí)候，你很難去想積極的事情，但是要確信某人，在某個(gè)地方比你更糟糕?！背薪由衔?，G項(xiàng)Youcanchoosetothinkdifferentlybybeginningwiththesmallestofsteps.“通過從最小的步驟開始，你可以選擇不同的思維方式?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的smallest與上文中的worseoffthanyou對(duì)應(yīng)?！?8題詳解】空格3下文提供了一些供你練習(xí)的常見例子。承接下文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Hereareafewcommonexamplesforyoutopractice.“這里有一些常見的例子供你練習(xí)?！鼻蓄}?！?9題詳解】上文提到“當(dāng)你情緒低落的時(shí)候，大聲朗讀你以前寫的東西?！背薪由衔?，A項(xiàng)Thiswillcertainlyhelpupliftyourspirits.“這肯定有助于振奮精神?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的This指的就是“readloudwhatyouwrotepreviously.”【20題詳解】上文提到“關(guān)鍵是要把自己變成一個(gè)積極的想法，讓它保持足夠長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，讓它成為一個(gè)感激的時(shí)刻?！背薪由衔?，D項(xiàng)Themoreyouappreciate,thehappieryou’llbe.“你越感激，你就會(huì)越快樂?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的appreciate與上文的appreciation對(duì)應(yīng)。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié))第一節(jié)：完形填空(共15小題)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Anactofkindnessdoesn'thavetobeagrandgesture.Eventhosesmallactsofkindnesscanmakeadifferenceinsomeone'sday.ThatwasjustthecaseforAmieMickeywhenshe______21______abumperstickeronhercarreading:YouMatter.Amiestartedtodothisseveralyearsago.Atfirst,shewonderedifpeoplewould________22________it.However,muchtohersurprise,shebeganseeingafloodof______23______everytimeshehittheroad.Moreoftenthannot,people________24________slowlynearhercarwouldrolldowntheirwindows,raisingtheir__________25__________,wavingandsmiling.Sometimes,sheevenfoundsomestickynotesleftonherwindshieldsayingthingslike“You________26________too!“Oncewhileshewasdrivingdownthehighway,shebecame______27______whenamandrivingasportscaratahighspeedpulledhiscaralongsidesuddenly,wavingandmouthing,“Youmatter!”Thoughittookhersometimetorecoverfromthe________28________,shestillfelthappy.Lastyear,someone__________29__________hercarwhileshewaswaitingforherfriendinthecarbytheroadside,sayingtoher,“Itisa(an)________30________sticker.I’veseenvariousstickersbefore,butnoneofthemhavetouchedmeasyourstickerhasdone.“Thetwosmallwordsonthestickerseemsimpleenough,buttheyreallystruckachordwithmanycompletestrangerswho_____31_____tocatchsightofthesticker.StorieslikeAmie'sreally________32________therestofus.Sometimesakindwordorgesturemayliftour______33______anditdoesn'tcostathingexceptforalittleextrathought.Maybeitmeansofferingafriendahug,praisingthechildrenwhentheirchildren________34________wellinschool,helpingsomeoneoutorvolunteeringatanimalsheltersorsheltersforthehomeless.Actsofkindnessarewaitingeverywhere.Smallastheyseem,theycanmakea______35______impactontheworld,andhelpformgeneralgoodness.21.A.toreup B.pickedup C.fixedup D.putup22.A.watch B.overlook C.notice D.neglect23.A.attention B.strangers C.confusion D.trouble24.A.running B.driving C.walking D.riding25.A.voices B.hats C.shoulders D.thumbs26.A.count B.share C.value D.matter27.A.frightened B.frustrated C.embarrassed D.disappointed28.A.parking B.speed C.incident D.event29.A.approached B.blocked C.repaired D.cleaned30.A.important B.special C.typical D.skeptical31.A.happened B.occurred C.managed D.offered32.A.shock B.inspire C.delight D.satisfy33.A.feelings B.thoughts C.spirits D.minds34.A.work B.exercise C.conduct D.behave35.A.reliable B.subjective C.positive D.brief【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.D26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了AmieMickey在汽車保險(xiǎn)杠后貼了一張寫著“你很重要”的紙條。通過這種小的善意行為來傳播正能量?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：AmieMickey就是這樣子的，她在自己的汽車保險(xiǎn)杠上貼了一張貼紙，上面寫著：你很重要。A.toreup撕毀；B.pickedup撿起，接收；C.fixedup修理；解決；D.putup舉起，張貼。根據(jù)后文“Moreoftenthannot,people________4________slowlynearhercarwouldrolldowntheirwindows,raisingtheir__________5__________,wavingandsmiling.”提到在她的車附近緩慢行駛的人們會(huì)搖下車窗，豎起大拇指，揮手微笑。是因?yàn)槿藗兛吹玫搅怂ｋU(xiǎn)杠上貼著一張寫著“你很重要”的貼紙。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，她想知道人們是否會(huì)注意到它。A.watch觀看；B.overlook忽視；C.notice注意；D.neglect忽視，忽略。此處和后文“However,muchtohersurprise,shebeganseeingafloodof______3______everytimeshehittheroad.”提到每次出門會(huì)有很多人來關(guān)注她相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，令她吃驚的是，她開始發(fā)現(xiàn)，每一次出門，就會(huì)有很多人來關(guān)注她。A.attention注意；B.strangers陌生；C.confusion疑惑；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)上文“Atfirst,shewonderedifpeoplewould________2________it.”起初，她想知道人們是否會(huì)注意到它。接著出現(xiàn)“然而”，前后轉(zhuǎn)折表示它引起了很多人的關(guān)注。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通常情況下，在她的車附近緩慢行駛的人們會(huì)搖下車窗，豎起大拇指，揮手微笑。A.running跑；B.driving行駛；C.walking散步；D.riding騎行。劃線后提到“rolldowntheirwindows,”人們搖下車窗，可知此處表示緩慢開車的人的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通常情況下，在她的車附近緩慢行駛的人們會(huì)搖下車窗，豎起大拇指，揮手微笑。A.voices聲音；B.hats帽子；C.shoulders肩膀；D.thumbs拇指。根據(jù)“wavingandsmiling.”人們揮手，微笑。同時(shí)根據(jù)下文可知，人們對(duì)她的行為表示稱贊。故此處的thumbs表示稱贊認(rèn)可，所以豎起拇指。故選D項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)，她甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)一些便利貼貼在了擋風(fēng)玻璃上，上面寫著“你也很重要!”A.count數(shù)數(shù)；B.share分享；C.value評(píng)價(jià)；D.matter要緊；重要。此處和前句提到別人對(duì)她的行為表示“贊賞，揮手，微笑”并列。也是表達(dá)了別人對(duì)她行為的認(rèn)可。同時(shí)和第7空處提到的“Youmatter!”相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次她在高速公路上開車，一個(gè)開著跑車的男人突然把車開到她旁邊，一邊揮手一邊用嘴說：“你很重要!”，她嚇了一跳。A.frightened害怕的；B.frustrated懊惱的，沮喪的，無效的；C.embarrassed尷尬的，窘迫的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“whenamandrivingasportscaratahighspeedpulledhiscaralongsidesuddenly,”可知，一個(gè)男人突然把車開到他旁邊，所以作者應(yīng)該感到很害怕。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她花了一段時(shí)間才從那次事件中恢復(fù)過來，但她仍然感到快樂。A.parking停車；B.speed速度；C.incident事件；D.event大事件，項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)“whenamandrivingasportscaratahighspeedpulledhiscaralongsidesuddenly,wavingandmouthing,“Youmatter!””可知，這里指作者感到“嚇一跳”這件事，作者從這次事件恢復(fù)過來。故選C項(xiàng)。29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，當(dāng)她在路邊等朋友的時(shí)候，有人走近了她的車。對(duì)她說：“這是一個(gè)特殊的貼紙”。A.approached接近，靠近；B.blocked阻塞；C.repaired修理；D.cleaned清理。該空的動(dòng)詞和同句中的saying構(gòu)成前后的邏輯關(guān)系。先走近，然后說。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)她說:“這是一個(gè)特殊的貼紙”。A.important重要的；B.special特別的；C.typical典型的；D.skeptical懷疑的。根據(jù)后句提到“I'veseenvariousstickersbefore,butnoneofthemhavetouchedmeasyourstickerhasdone.(我以前見過各種各樣的貼紙，但沒有一個(gè)像你的貼紙那樣讓我感動(dòng))?！笨芍?，這個(gè)貼紙和他見過的其它貼紙不一樣。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：貼紙上的這兩個(gè)小字看起來很簡(jiǎn)單，但卻引起了許多碰巧看到貼紙的陌生人的共鳴。A.happened發(fā)生，剛巧；B.occurred發(fā)生；C.managed管理；D.offered提供，供應(yīng)。通過上下文分析，文章中提到的“貼紙”是Amie貼在保險(xiǎn)杠上的，用來鼓勵(lì)大家的。很多人都是碰巧無意中看到而受感動(dòng)的。故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：像Amie這樣的故事真的啟發(fā)了其他人。A.shock使震驚；B.inspire啟發(fā)，激發(fā)；C.delight使高興；D.satisfy滿足。通過上下文分析，后文講到Amie的行為給人們帶來了一些思考即啟發(fā)了人們。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，一句友善的話語或一個(gè)手勢(shì)可能會(huì)讓我們的精神振奮起來，而且它不需要花費(fèi)任何東西，只需要多考慮一下。A.feelings感覺，情感；B.thoughts思想，想法；C.spirits精神；D.minds思想，主意。根據(jù)前文“StorieslikeAmie'sreally________12________therestofus.”提到“像Amie這樣的故事真的啟發(fā)了其他人”。同時(shí)在最后一句話“Smallastheyseem,theycanmakea______15______impactontheworld,andhelpformgeneralgoodness.”提到“他們看似渺小，卻能對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生積極的影響”。綜合分析，一些小行為會(huì)提振我們的精神。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：也許這意味著給朋友一個(gè)擁抱，當(dāng)孩子在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)良好時(shí)表揚(yáng)他們。A.work工作；B.exercise鍛煉；C.conduct組織，實(shí)施；D.behave表現(xiàn)。通過上下文分析，表揚(yáng)孩子，是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趯W(xué)校的表現(xiàn)不錯(cuò)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們看似渺小，卻能對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生積極的影響，幫助人們形成普遍的善良。A.reliable可靠的；B.subjective主觀的；C.positive積極的；D.brief簡(jiǎn)短的。通過上下文分析，此處是對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)：前文提到了Amie的這種行為，給人們帶來了很多的共鳴，啟發(fā)了其他人。并根據(jù)“Sometimesakindwordorgesturemayliftour______13______anditdoesn'tcostathingexceptforalittleextrathought.”提到“有時(shí)候，一句友善的話語或一個(gè)手勢(shì)可能會(huì)讓我們的精神振奮起來”。同時(shí)在劃線后講到“這些行為幫助我們形成普遍的善良”。可知，這些行為的影響是積極的。故選C項(xiàng)。非選擇題部分第二節(jié)(共10小題)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。UKPrimeMinisterBorisJohnsonhasstartedplansfora"cyclingandwalkingrevolution".It,iffully___36___(realize),couldchangethewaypeoplemovearoundtownsandcities.Themovecomesasauthorities'attempt___37___(improve)publichealthbyarousingpeople'sinterestintrav