人教版高中英語新教材必修三Unit4單詞詳解

Unit4astronaut [??str?n??t] n.宇航員；太空人procedure [pr??si???] n.程序；步驟；手續(xù)mental [?m?ntl] adj.精神的，思想的mentallyadv.精神地mentaldevelopment智力發(fā)展mentalhealth/problems心理健康/問題physicalandmentalhealth身心健康(1)Thereisnodoubtthattakingexerciseisgoodformentaldevelopment.毫無疑問，鍛煉對智力發(fā)展有好處。(2)熬夜對我們的身心健康有不良影響。Stayinguphasabadeffectonourphysicalandmentalhealth.cm abbr.(centimetreorcentimeter)厘米intelligent [?n?t?l???nt] adj.有智慧的，聰明的，有智力的intelligencen．智慧；智力intelligencetest智力測試Astheoldsayinggoes,“Hardworkcanmakeupforlackofintelligence.”俗話說，“勤能補(bǔ)拙。”[融會練通]——單句語法填空(1)Useyourintelligence(intelligent)andyouaresuretoachieveyourgoal.(2)Georgeisorganized,easygoing,hardworking,andintelligent(intelligence)．Inaword,Ican'tthinktoohighlyofhim.(3)Artificialintelligence(intelligent)hasbeenusedinphones,whichmakesthemseemtobeintelligent.rocket [?r?k?t] n.火箭；火箭彈gravity [?gr?v?ti] n.重力；引力frontier [?fr?nt??] n.邊境；國界；邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)vehicle [?vi??kl] n.交通工具；車輛universe [?ju?n?v??s] n.宇宙；天地萬物determined [d??t??m?nd] adj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))I'mdeterminedtomovetothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthatinthecity.我決心搬到農(nóng)村，因?yàn)槟抢锏目諝獗瘸鞘械那逍碌枚?。Sandrawasdeterminedtobee(bee)adoctorandherpersistencepaidoff.Determined(determine)toperformwellinthefinalexam,I'moccupiedinpreparingforit.determine [d??t??m?n] vt.查明；確定；決定determinetodosth決定做某事WhentheepidemicofCOVID19brokeout,hedeterminedto_bee(bee)avolunteerwhoworkedasagateguardinourmunity.determineon/upon(doing)…決定(做)……We'vedeterminedon/uponstayingathomeduringtheholidays.determinethat…決定……determinationn.決心，決定Thoughheoncefeltlikegivingup，henowhasthedetermination(determine)topushfurtherandkeepongoing.Itishisdetermination(determine)andpatiencethathaveenabledhimtoachievehisgoal.satellite [?s?t?la?t] n.人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星launch [l??n?] n.&vt.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市l(wèi)aunchacampaign發(fā)起一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動launchasatellite發(fā)射一顆衛(wèi)星Thegovernmentlaunchedacampaigntoraisepeople'sawarenessofpayingattentiontoourtraditionalcultures.政府發(fā)起了一場運(yùn)動來提高人們關(guān)注我們傳統(tǒng)文化的意識。orbit [???b?t] n.(環(huán)繞地球、太陽等運(yùn)行的)軌道；勢力范圍；vi.&vt.沿軌道運(yùn)行、環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行g(shù)iant [??a??nt] adj.巨大的；偉大的；n.巨人；巨獸；偉人leap [li?p] n.跳躍；劇增；劇變；vi.&vt.跳過；躍過mankind [m?n?ka?nd] n.人類agency [?e???nsi] n.(政府的)專門機(jī)構(gòu)；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處transmit [tr?nz?m?t] vi.&vt.傳輸；發(fā)送data [?de?t?] n.[pl.]資料；數(shù)據(jù)onboard [?n

b??d] 在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上aboardprep.&adv.在(船、飛機(jī)、火車或公共汽車)上；上(船、飛機(jī)、火車等)onboard＝aboard在船上；在飛機(jī)上go/getaboard(theship/plane/train)上(船/飛機(jī)/火車)AssoonasIwasonboardtheship,Ikilledtimebyreadingnewspapers.我一上船就看報(bào)紙來消磨時間。六個月前，她告別了她在中國的家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的飛機(jī)。①SixmonthsagoshesaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsinChinaandwentonboardaplaneforLondon.②SixmonthsagoshesaidgoodbyetoherfamilyandfriendsinChinaandwentaboardaplaneforLondon.spacecraft [?spe?skrɑ?ft] n.航天器；字宙飛船disappointed [?d?s??p??nt?d] adj.失望的；沮喪的disappointingadj.令人失望的Whenhearingthedisappointingnewsthathewasbannedfromdriving,theoldmanwasverydisappointed.(disappoint)bedisappointedtodosth做某事感到失望bedisappointedat/by/withsth因…感到失望bedisappointedthat…Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionturneddown.他失望地發(fā)現(xiàn)他的建議被拒絕了。①Peopleweredisappointedat/by/withthenewsthatthesatellitehadbeenlaunchedunsuccessfully.②Afterhisattempt,Campbellwasdisappointedto_learn(learn)thathisaveragespeedhadbeen299milesperhour.③He_was_disappointed_thatotherguestswerenoting.toone'sdisappointment使某人感到失望的是indisappointment＝disappointedly失望地disappointvt.使失望Disappointed(disappoint)atfailinginthemathexam,Johnwouldn'tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯令我非常失望的是，只有百分之十的學(xué)生為了獲取知識和提高寫作能力而在空閑時間選擇閱讀。①Tomygreatdisappointment,only10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability.②Iwasverydisappointedthatonly10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability.③Whatdisappointedmemost/Whatmadememostdisappointedwasthatonly10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadintheirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability..(what引導(dǎo)的主語從句)desire [d??za??] n.渴望；欲望；vt.渴望；期望①haveadesireforsth想得到某物haveadesiretodosth想要做某事haveadesirethat…(should)do想要……做某事名詞desire前可以加入strong或burning的修飾成分，表示程度。Shehasnodesireforthelifeinthecitybecauseshecan'tadapttothefastpaceofthelifethere.②desiretodosth.渴望做某事desiresb.todosth.渴望某人做某事desirethat…(should)do…渴望……(應(yīng)該)做……動詞desire后跟that從句中的謂語動詞常使用“(should)do...”的形式。Learningthatyoudesiretolearntaichi,Iamdelightedtoinviteyoutojoininouronlinetaichicourse.得知你想學(xué)習(xí)太極，我很高興邀請你參加我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)太極課程。Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)begiven(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.①Theboyhasadesireforasmartphonewithalargeinternalmemory.②Manyanexchangestudenthasadesireto_learn(learn)Chineseculture.③Hismotherdesiredhimto_bee(bee)anarchitectafterhegrewup.④Theydesireto_help(help)thosewhoareinneedofhelp.每個人都渴望成功，而成功只屬于努力的人。①Everyonehasadesireforsuccesswhilesuccessonlybelongstothehardworkingpeople.(desiren．)②Everyonedesirestosucceedwhilesuccessonlybelongstothehardworkingpeople.(desirev．)carryon [?k?ri

?n] 繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持干Wecarryondoingalotofexercisesafterfinishingthehomework.完成家庭作業(yè)后我們繼續(xù)做大量的練習(xí)。Ifyoucontinueworkinglikethat,youwillbreakdownsoonerorlater.(升級加黑詞匯)carryoncarryonwith(doing)sth繼續(xù)(做)某事(相當(dāng)于goon)HavingreadstoriesofLinQiaozhi,thegirlwaseq\a\vs4\al(determined)tocarryonwithhergoodwork.carryout執(zhí)行；實(shí)施Firstofall,themostimportantthingistosetagoal,workoutaplanandcarryoutyourplanstepbystep.ongoing [????g????] adj.持續(xù)存在的；仍在運(yùn)行的；不斷發(fā)展的independently [??nd??p?nd?ntli] adv.獨(dú)立地；自立地independent [??nd??p?nd?nt] adj.獨(dú)立的；自立的spacewalk [?spe?sw??k] n.太空行走；太空行走的時間jade [?e?d] n.玉；翡翠；玉器dock [d?k] vi.&vt.(兩架航天器)對接；(使)……進(jìn)港；n.碼頭；船塢signal [?s?gnl] vi.&vt.標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號；n.信號；標(biāo)志TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,signalingtheendoftheSpringFestivalcelebrations.正月十五是元宵節(jié)，標(biāo)志著春節(jié)慶?；顒拥慕Y(jié)束。①signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事Thepolicemansignalledthedrivertostop(stop)hiscarbyraisinghishand.signal(sb)that…示意(某人)……Shesignalled(signal)thatshewasabouttoturnleft.②trafficsignals交通信號燈sendoutasignal發(fā)出信號Thebird'ssingingservedasasignalofthearrivalofspring.鳥兒的歌聲是春天到來的信號。inthehopeofdoing... 抱著……的希望Shewenttotheinterviewinthehopeofgettingajob.她去參加面試，希望能找到一份工作。①beyondhope毫無希望inthehopethat…希望……②hopetodosth希望做某事hopethat…希望……[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯我寫這封信，希望說服你不要再沉迷于線上游戲。①Iamwritingtheletterinthehopeofarguingyououtofbeingaddictedtoonlinegames.②IamwritingtheletterinthehopethatIcanargueyououtofbeingaddictedtoonlinegames.soastodo... 為了；以便①inorderto“為了……”，既可以置于句首，又可置于句中；②soasto“為了……”，只可置于句中，不可置于句首；③inorderthat“為了……”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞前常帶may,might,can,could等情態(tài)動詞。Werushedthroughthelastfewdesigndrawingssoastogohomeearly.我們趕緊把最后幾份設(shè)計(jì)圖紙完成以便早點(diǎn)回家。[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯為了豐富我們的校園生活，我們學(xué)校于上周日組織了一次5千米的越野跑比賽。①Inordertoenrichourcampuslife,ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSunday.②Ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSundayinorderto/soastoenrichourcampuslife.③Ourschoolorganizeda5kmcrosscountryrunningracelastSundaysothat/inorderthatwecouldenrichourcampuslife.recycle [?ri??sa?kl] vt.回收利用；再利用muscle [?m?sl] n.肌肉；實(shí)力；影響力lack [l?k] n.缺乏；短缺；vt.沒有；缺乏Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltomunicatewiththeirfriendsfacetoface.他們?nèi)狈w能鍛煉和面對面與朋友交際的能力。Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.forlackof由于缺乏……(a)lackof缺少……Moreandmorehighrisebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.lack作名詞時常與介詞of連用；作動詞時可作及物動詞直接加賓語(不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時)，也可作不及物動詞，后常與介詞for連用。Lackingforsufficientoxygen,theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhismission.②lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackinginsth缺少某物由于缺乏烹飪經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這對雙胞胎把廚房弄得亂七八糟。①Forlackofcookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lackn．)②Becausetheylackedcookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lackv．)③Becausetheywerelackingincookingexperience,thetwinsmadethekitcheninamess.(lacking)float [fl??t] vi.浮動；漂流；漂?。籿t.使浮動；使漂流otherwise [??e?wa?z] adv.否則；要不然Workhard,otherwise/oryouwillfindithardtoadapttolifeinthefuture.otherwise/or有時表示一種含蓄的虛擬條件，此時其后的句子要用虛擬語氣。Pennilessandstarving,thechildstoodneartheroadandbeggedforameal,otherwisehewouldstarvetodeath.這個孩子身無分文又饑腸轆轆地站在路邊要飯，否則他就會餓死。Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewewouldhavegivenyouahand.我們當(dāng)時不知道你遇到了困難，要不然我們會幫助你的。beyond [b??j?nd] prep.在更遠(yuǎn)處；超出Unfortunately,it'sbeyond(超越)mypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime.solar [?s??l?] adj.太陽的；太陽能的solarsystem [?s??l?

?s?st?m] 太陽系；類太陽系current [?k?r?nt] adj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的；n.水流；電流；思潮figureout 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白sufficient [s??f???nt] adj.足夠的；充足的soap [s??p] n.肥皂towel [?ta??l] n.毛巾；抹布microwave [?ma?kr??we?v] n.(alsomicrowaveoven)微波爐tissue [?t??u?] n.紙巾；(人、動值物細(xì)胞的)組織facility [f??s?l?ti] n.設(shè)施；設(shè)備keen [ki?n] adj.熱衷的；渴望的globe [?gl??b] n.地球；世界；地球儀argue [?ɑ?gju?] vt.&vi.論證；爭辯；爭論argument [?ɑ?gj?m?nt] n.爭論；爭吵；論點(diǎn)Sometimeswewillarguewitheachother,butafteralittlewhile,wealwaysregretfortheargument.(argue)arguewithsb(over/aboutsth)(就某事)與某人爭/辯論It'snousearguingwithhimaboutthequestionforhewon'tchangehismind.和他爭論這個問題是沒有用的，因?yàn)樗粫淖冎饕?。arguefor/againststh據(jù)理贊成/反對……Hearguedagainsttheplanwhilehispartnerarguedforit.arguesbintodoingsth說服某人做某事Itisourtasktoarguethemintoleadingalowcarbonlife.arguesboutofdoingsth說服某人不做某事argumentn.爭論；爭辯；爭吵haveanargumentwith 與……爭論/爭吵Afteralongtimeofdiscussiontheyacceptedtheagreementwithoutargument(argue)．①Asourfamilyinedecreased,Fatherarguedagainstanincreaseinourpocketmoney.②It'snousearguingwithhimaboutthequestionforhewon'tchangehisopinion.③Mostofthemembersarguedforhisplan，whichmadehimsatisfied.④Theyarguedhimintowithdrawinghisplaint.⑤Whydidhehaveanargument(argue)withhiswifeyesterday?一句多譯④我們想方設(shè)法勸說他接受我們的建議，但都是徒勞的。→Wetriedmanywaystoarguehimintofollowingouradvice,butinvain.(argue)→Wetriedmanywaystopersuadehimtofollowouradvice,butinvain.(persuade)→Wetriedmanywaystotalkhimintofollowingouradvice,butinvain.(talk)[聯(lián)想]“說服某人做某事”的其他表達(dá)形式①persuadesbtodosth②persuadesbintodoingsth③convincesbtodosth④talksbintodoingsthfatal [?fe?tl] adj.致命的；災(zāi)難性的shallow [???l??] adj.膚淺的；淺的resultin [r??z?lt

?n] 導(dǎo)致；造成resultin＝leadto＝cause導(dǎo)致resultfrom由……造成Thereisnodoubtthatstayingupismorelikelytoresultinanxiety.毫無疑問，熬夜更容易導(dǎo)致焦慮。①Hisstomachacheresultedfromhiseatingtoomuch.②His_eating_too_much_resulted_in_his_stomachache.[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯因?yàn)橛性絹碓蕉嗟奈廴?，很多物種正在滅絕。①M(fèi)oreandmorepollutionhasresultedinmanyspecies'dyingout.②Thatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresultsfrommoreandmorepollution.對比填空(resultin/resultfrom)①Asisknowntous,positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.②AsfarasI'mconcerned,herfailureinthepetitionresultedfromhiscasualattitude.pattern [?p?t?n] n.模式；模范；圖案analysis [??n?l?s?s] n.(pl.analyses)(對事物的)分析；分析結(jié)果asaresult 所以；結(jié)果(是)asaresultof作為……的結(jié)果；由于……的結(jié)果[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯昨天的比賽因下雨而取消了。①Itrainedyesterday,andasaresult,thematchwascancelled.②Thematchwascancelledasaresultoftherainyesterday.選詞填空(asaresult/asaresultof)③Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyusedto.As_a_result,_they'relivinglonger.④As_a_result_ofyourcarelessness,theplanshouldbeputoffforatleastonemonth.highend [ha??nd] 高端的monitor [?m?n?t?] n.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測儀；vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測；監(jiān)控regularly [?r?gj?l?li] adv.經(jīng)常；定期地regular [?r?gj?l?] adj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的foam [f??m] n.泡沫橡膠；泡沫pillow [?p?l??] n.枕頭smartphone [?smɑ?tf??n] n.智能手機(jī)resource [r??s??s] n.資源；財(cái)力；物力limited [?l?m?t?d] adj.有限的Inourdailylife,weshouldmakefulluseofourlimited(limit)naturalresources.Inordertoleaveschoolwithnoregrets,I'llmakethebestofmylimitedtimetogoovermylessons.為了在畢業(yè)離校時沒有遺憾，我將充分利用有限的時間復(fù)習(xí)功課。limitv.&n．限制；限度limit…to…把……限定在……的范圍內(nèi)Itisrequiredthatyoushouldlimityourarticleto500words.belimitedtosth受限制于某物It'sremendedthatoursleepingtimeshouldbelimitedtoatleast6hoursperday.建議我們的睡眠時間應(yīng)該被限制在每天至少6個小時。withinthelimitsof在……的范圍內(nèi)thereisa/nolimitto……是有/無限的Thereisalimittoone'slife,butthereisnolimittolearning(learn)．②limitlessadj.無限的形容詞后綴-less薈萃①limit限制→limitless無限的②aim目標(biāo)→aimless無目標(biāo)的③use用處→useless沒用處的④care小心→careless粗心的，不小心的⑤end結(jié)尾→endless無止境的⑥count總數(shù)→countless數(shù)不清的providefor... 提供生活所需Hehadenoughmoneytoprovideforhischildrenbeforetheycouldfindwork.①providesbwithsth＝providesthforsb給某人提供某物②supplysbwithsth＝supplysthtosb給某人提供某物Naturehasprovidedourcountrywithwealthynaturetreasures,makingitahappyhomeforus.我們在這里為公眾提供更好的服務(wù)。①Weareheretoprovidethepublicwithabetterservice.②Weareheretoprovideabetterserviceforthepublic.closing [?kl??z??] adj.結(jié)尾的；結(jié)束的；n.停業(yè)；關(guān)閉；倒閉inclosing [?n

?kl??z??] 最后mystery [?m?st?ri] n.神秘事物；謎runout 用完；耗盡runoutof用完，用盡(其主語通常為人)Hermoneyhasrunoutandsheisalsorunningoutofeq\a\vs4\al(patience).她的錢花光了，并且她的耐心也要耗盡了。giveout用盡，精疲力竭(不及物動詞短語)useup用完，消耗盡(及物動詞短語)(1)runoutof意為“用完了”，是及物動詞短語，表示主動意義，主語一般是人。(2)runout意為“……用完了”，是不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為時間、食物、金錢等名詞。(3)giveout意為“用盡；筋疲力盡”，為不及物動詞短語。(4)useup意為“用完；消耗盡”，為及物動詞短語。①Weranoutoftimebeforetheparty.②Theygaveoutafteralongjourney.③Allthesupplieshadbeenusedupbeforetheygotrescued.④Time_ran_out_before_the_party.[融會練通]——選詞填空(runout/runoutof/useup/giveout)(1)AsfarasIknow,theirsparesupplyoffoodisrunningout.(2)Wewouldhavefinishedthetaskontimeifwehadn'trunoutof/usedupenergy.(3)Hisstrengthgaveout/ranoutafterheranthatlongdistance.[習(xí)作練筆]——一句多譯(4)關(guān)愛環(huán)境對我們來說很重要，因?yàn)榈厍虻淖匀毁Y源將會枯竭。①ItisveryimportantforustocarefortheenvironmentbecausetheEarth'snaturalresourceswillrunout/beusedup.②Itisveryimportantforustocarefortheenvironmentbecausewewillrunoutof/useuptheEarth'snaturalresources.attach [??t??] vt.系；綁；貼①attachgreatimportancetosth認(rèn)為某事有重要意義attachimportance/significance/valuetosth.認(rèn)為……有重要性/意義/價值Generallyspeaking,parent