閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題技巧課件-高三下學(xué)期英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

Welcome!細(xì)節(jié)題解題

—細(xì)心就能做對Spotthedifferences大家來找茬教育部2024高考大綱：

閱讀理解部分“要求考生能讀懂書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡短文段以及公告、說明、廣告等，并能從中獲取相關(guān)信息。考生應(yīng)能：（1）理解主旨和要義；（2）理解文中具體信息；（3）根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；（4）作出簡單判斷和推理；（5）理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；（6）理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。高考英語閱讀理解題考查方式詞義猜測題主旨大意題推理判斷題細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題的題型考察占比最大占閱讀理解總題量的60%左右，是最重要的得分點(diǎn)年份卷別體裁題目類型細(xì)節(jié)理解推理判斷詞句猜測主旨大意2023全國乙卷應(yīng)用文·記敘文說明文·說明文8610全國甲卷應(yīng)用文·記敘文說明文·說明文58112022全國乙卷應(yīng)用文·夾敘夾議文說明文·說明文7611全國甲卷應(yīng)用文·說明文記敘文·夾敘夾議文9213新高考全國Ⅰ卷應(yīng)用文·說明文說明文·說明文67112021全國乙卷應(yīng)用文·說明文記敘文·說明文7512全國甲卷說明文·說明文記敘文·議論文6612新高考全國Ⅰ卷應(yīng)用文·記敘文說明文·議論文9312考情分析稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持續(xù)更新，上千款模板選擇總有一款適合你02綜合信息題近三年細(xì)節(jié)理解題考情分析考點(diǎn)要求考題統(tǒng)計(jì)考情分析直接信息題3年8考【命題規(guī)律】根據(jù)新高考三年的考情分析，細(xì)節(jié)理解題主要集中考查：直接信息題、間接信息題；數(shù)字計(jì)算題?！久}預(yù)測】2024年高考還會(huì)集中考查細(xì)節(jié)理解的這三種形式，而且細(xì)節(jié)理解題仍然占閱讀理解的較高比重。間接信息題3年37考數(shù)字計(jì)算題3年3考2細(xì)節(jié)理解題的常見設(shè)問方式01.特殊疑問句形式what,which,who,when,where,why（6ws）和howmuch/many等疑問詞引出的問題。02.判斷是非形式含有TRUE/FALSE/NotTRUE或EXCEPT等的判斷是非的問題。此時(shí)要注意題干中是否有否定詞，如not,never等。

03.用“Accordingto”進(jìn)行的提問形式。04.填空形式如The

biggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom_______.細(xì)節(jié)理解題選項(xiàng)特征(內(nèi)容符合原文，但和題干不搭邊);

(符合常識但不是文章的內(nèi)容，答非所問);

(與原文內(nèi)容及其相似，只是在某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)處有變動(dòng))（與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反）（部分正確部分錯(cuò)誤）簡化歸納原文信息使用同義詞或變換詞性語態(tài)

以偏概全（以文章個(gè)別細(xì)節(jié)詞冒充關(guān)鍵詞）正確答案的特征①正確答案經(jīng)常與中心思想有關(guān)。②正確答案的位置，最常見的三個(gè)位置是：段首段尾處、轉(zhuǎn)折處、因果處。③從語氣角度來看，正確答案中經(jīng)常含有不肯定的語氣詞和委婉表達(dá)的用詞。如：can,may,might,possible,notnecessarily,some.④正確答案經(jīng)常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只見樹木不見森林。錯(cuò)誤答案的特征第一大層次：①無中生有(未提及的概念);②正反混淆(選項(xiàng)的意思跟原文的意思正好相反);③所答非所問(雖然選項(xiàng)的說法沒有問題，符合原文，但和題干搭不上邊)第二大層次：①過分絕對;②擴(kuò)大范圍(注意隱蔽型的擴(kuò)大范圍mostly);③因果倒置;④常識判斷;⑤推得過遠(yuǎn);⑥偏離中心;1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutexercise?A．Onlineexerciseismuchbetter.Honestly，youdon’tevenneedtogotoagym，becausetherearedifferentkindsofexerciseonline。命題句B．Takingexerciseinagymisuseless.C．Wemustspendalotoftimeonexercise.D．Itisimportanttochooseexercisethatishelpfultous.Youcanevenstretch(伸展)for15minuteseveryday.Justchoosewhateverworksforyou.Exercisecanimproveourabilitytosleep，reducestress(壓力)andmakeushealthy.錯(cuò)誤類型示例

同意換說

無中生有

顛倒是非

曲解文意D

InhersuccessfulblogposttitledTheJobIHaveSpenttheLastYearLearningIsNottheOneIWillHave,authorJennySuranestates,“Printisanexpensiveproducttolove.Andgeneralmanagers,publishersandeditorsmustnowfigureoutaprofitablewaytogettheirnewsintoreaders’heads.”Shegoesontostatethatpeopledon’tfeellikepickingupanewspapernowandwouldratherscroll(滾屏)throughtheirTwitterfeed,andgetnewsfrommanydifferentsources.2．WhatinformationisconveyedinJenny’sblogpost?A．Twitterisnotverypopular.B．Itishardtomanageonlinejournalism.C．Printstillhasitsownadvantages.D．Peoplehavemoreoptions(選擇)togetinformation.錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)特征1.張冠李戴

(內(nèi)容符合原文，但和題干不搭邊);2.無中生有(符合常識但不是文章的內(nèi)容);3.曲解文意(與原文內(nèi)容及其相似，只是在某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)處有變動(dòng))4.顛倒是非（與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反）5.正誤參半（部分正確部分錯(cuò)誤）6.以偏概全（以文章個(gè)別細(xì)節(jié)詞冒充關(guān)鍵詞）偷換主語曲解文意無中生有

同意換說1、精確定位關(guān)鍵詞3、細(xì)致分析理解比對2、鎖定文中定位區(qū)域4、排除干擾，得出答案英語閱讀中細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題技巧一定二找三比對技法一直接信息題——定位比對找答案

直接信息題常以應(yīng)用文的形式出現(xiàn)在考題中，涉及的話題有：廣告類、活動(dòng)安排類、書籍或電影介紹類、演出信息類等。設(shè)問方式多為以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等開頭的特殊疑問句。解此類試題常用“定位比對”法。解題流程如下：1.直接信息題解題策略直接定位法2022全國甲卷閱讀A篇StDavid’sHallStDavid’sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCardiff’sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid’sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.

Itpresentsliveentertainment,

includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.TheHayes,CardiffCF101AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk21.WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?A.AttheNewTheatre. B.AttheGleeClub.C.AtShermanCymru. D.AtStDavid’sHall.1.直接信息題解題策略直接定位法2021·新高考卷I閱讀BByday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova-notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.ReadMusicB.PlaythepianoC.SingsongsD.Fixtheinstruments.技法二間接信息題——同義轉(zhuǎn)換定答案

間接信息題常在記敘文、說明文或議論文中考查，會(huì)涉及“人與自我”“人與社會(huì)”和“人與自然”三大主題語境。解此類試題常用“同義轉(zhuǎn)換”法。解題流程如下：2.間接信息題解題策略“分析、概括、歸納”法2022·全國甲·B篇

Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia，havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild，thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment，cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape，andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.2.間接信息題解題策略“分析、概括、歸納”法2021全國Ⅰ卷A篇CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,DCDuration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforDCnewcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,DCinahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople.

B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.

D.Enjoyinterestingstories.錯(cuò)誤選型類型：曲解文意/以偏概全2.間接信息題解題策略“分析、概括、歸納”法2018年全國Ⅲ卷·34…ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtime…Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparent’slove.C.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby.技法三數(shù)字計(jì)算題——整合推算得答案

數(shù)字計(jì)算題一般會(huì)涉及時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡單計(jì)算。一般來說，計(jì)算量都比較小，容易計(jì)算。但是英語閱讀中的數(shù)字計(jì)算必須要找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的信息。設(shè)問方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑問詞(組)開頭引出問題。解此類試題常用“整合推算”法。解題流程如下：3.數(shù)字計(jì)算題解題策略加減乘除法2022年全國乙卷閱讀AAdmission

￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.SchoolsandColleges

Aspeciallowentrancechargeof￡2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,inorganisedgroupswithteachers.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4.

B.￡8.

C.￡12.

D.￡16.3.數(shù)字計(jì)算題解題策略加減乘除法2018·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀C

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6，800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1，000;Africa2，400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6，000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400.C.About2,400. D.About1,200.4.綜合信息題“分析、概括、歸納”法2021·全國乙卷閱讀AAllthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.·Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang,D.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150，000.Opened：May1，1989.·MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107，601.Opened：October1,1927.·BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity：106，572.Opened：September17，1960.·OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity：104，944.Opened：October7,1922.·KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity：102，512.Opened：September24，1927.22.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium. B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium. D.KyleField.

規(guī)范答題提高正確率1.實(shí)踐細(xì)節(jié)理解題解題技巧2.規(guī)范答題（卷面要求：圈出題干定位詞；勾畫出命題句并

注明題號；在錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤處畫×）3.積累詞匯擴(kuò)大詞匯量（詞匯積累僅限題干、選

項(xiàng)和命題句中的生詞；每篇文章積累至少8個(gè)以

上詞匯或短語并注明漢語意思）left備考指南1.以讀攻讀。閱讀在高考中占的比重非常大，常有人說“得閱讀者得高考”。要閱讀得高分，必須通過大量的閱讀才可實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此，在復(fù)習(xí)的過程中要堅(jiān)持每天閱讀，至少一篇，基礎(chǔ)好的可多篇。而且要讀懂，要消化，要抄錄你遇到的“生詞”，并有意識地去記。2.得詞匯者得閱讀。讀懂文章的前提是詞匯過關(guān)，詞匯又可在閱讀中得到鞏固。因此，為閱讀過關(guān)要猛攻詞匯，為詞匯過關(guān)要瘋狂閱讀。3.掌握解題技巧，輕松應(yīng)對高考。March6th

ThamesIslandsbyMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?A.MirandaVickers.

B.MalcolmTucker.C.ChrisLewis. D.LizPayne.Directinformation1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解A篇節(jié)選）GuidedCityToursThe2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryandmuchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.YoucanbuyyourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.23.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?A.TheGooyer,Windmill. B.TheSkinnyBridge.C.HeinekenBrewery.

D.DamSquare.Directinformation【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.(旅游團(tuán)每小時(shí)從大壩廣場出發(fā)，每天下午1點(diǎn)開始)”可知，導(dǎo)游城市之旅從大壩廣場開始。故選D。2.【2023年全國乙卷A篇】（節(jié)選）PRACTITIONERSRebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.Directinformation23.WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?AJacquelineFelicedeAlmania. B.TanYunxian.C.JamesBarry. D.RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】D【解析】運(yùn)用“跳讀法”，就可以迅速在文章最后一個(gè)人物介紹的第二句原詞出現(xiàn)thefirstAfricanAmericanwoman，可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一個(gè)擁有醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位的非裔美國人。Howtodealwithit?Step1：Findthe__________ofthequestion.Step2：___________therelevantinformationinthetext

throughskimmingandscanning.Step3:Comparetheinformationanddeterminethe

answer.ConclusionkeywordsLocateCalculation數(shù)字計(jì)算細(xì)節(jié)理解題一般會(huì)涉及時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡單計(jì)算。一般來說，從數(shù)學(xué)的角度講，計(jì)算都比較小，計(jì)算容易。但是英語閱讀中的數(shù)字計(jì)算必須要找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的信息。這些暗信息會(huì)涉及對某個(gè)難句的理解，從這個(gè)角度講，理解文中相應(yīng)的復(fù)雜句是這類題的關(guān)鍵。Commonquestions:Howlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrive…?Howmuchshouldhepaytovisit…?Howmanylanguagesarespokenby…?CalculationADMISSIONAdult：￡4.90Child：￡2.20Family：￡12.00（2adults+upto3children）Howmuchistheadmissionforafamilyoftwogrown-upsandtwochildren？A.￡9.80B.￡12.00C.￡14.20D.￡16.40稿定PPT02

Prices（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解A篇）Calculation2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.€29.50.【答案】C稿定PPT022.（2023·1月浙江卷·閱讀理解A篇節(jié)選）

ExplorersCamp?Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-13.?Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week1|July8-1223．Week2|July15-19Week3|July22-26?Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.?Fees:$365perweek.?Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.CampStructureThedayisdividedintotwothematicsessionsperagegroup.Campershaveathree-hourmorningclassengagingwithamorningtheme(9amto12noon)andaone-hourlunchbreak,followedbyanotherthree-hourclassengagingwithanafternoontheme(1pmto4pm).Snackperiodsareheldthroughouttheday.Allcampersshouldbringtheirownbaggedlunchandsnacks.

1.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A．15.

B．21. C．30.

D．42.Calculation

Specialwords:

decade

a.折扣

fortnightb.二十

double

c.十年

couple

d.減價(jià)

score

e.十二

dozen

f.兩個(gè)

offg.兩周

discounth.兩倍

CalculationIndirectinformationCommonquestions:1.Accordingtotheauthor/passage,…2.Whatcanwelearnabout…?3.Which

of

the

following

statements

is

correct/true?4.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?Tips:Step1:閱讀題干，確定關(guān)鍵詞，鎖定原文相關(guān)信息；Step2:定位題干關(guān)鍵詞的轉(zhuǎn)換形式；Step3:利用正確選項(xiàng)特征，確定答案。Whatformscanthekeywordsbetransformedinto?Confucius...assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatmake

menstandout.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelieved...WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.Family B.Potential

C.KnowledgeD.Community近義詞SynonymIndirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持續(xù)更新，上千款模板選擇總有一款適合你021.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解C篇節(jié)選）CThegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Indirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持續(xù)更新，上千款模板選擇總有一款適合你02()28.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.【答案】B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.(這本書的目標(biāo)是為數(shù)字極簡主義辯護(hù)，包括詳細(xì)探索它的要求和為什么有效，然后如果你認(rèn)為它適合你，教你如何采用這種哲學(xué))”可知，這本書的目的是倡導(dǎo)簡單的數(shù)字生活方式。故選B。Indirectinformation稿定PPT稿定PPT，海量素材持續(xù)更新，上千款模板選擇總有一款適合你022.（2023·全國甲卷·閱讀理解B篇節(jié)選）Terri,whonowrentsahouse