Unit10SectionAGrammarFocus-4c課件人教版英語八年級下冊

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.SectionA(GF-4c)ObjectivesTolearntheusageofforandsince.TousetheGrammarFocussentencestocreatesimpleconversation.Toreviewthepresentperfecttense.Tolearnnewword:hometown…

現(xiàn)在完成時1.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果。2.過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)動詞一般要用延續(xù)性動詞。hadbreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowworkedherein1995IstillworkhereIhaveworkedherefor21years.Ihaveworkedheresince1995/21yearsago.now一.用法

二.現(xiàn)在完成時動詞構成:

have/has

+v過去分詞

助動詞否定haven’thasn’t疑問Haveyou……?Hashe……?①表示不定的過去時間狀語：

already(已經(jīng)),yet(已經(jīng)),

just(剛剛),since(自從),before(在……之前),

sofar(到目前為止),uptonow（到目前為止）②頻度時間狀語：ever（曾經(jīng)）,never(從不),

once（一次）,twice（兩次）,threetimes…③表示現(xiàn)在時刻的時間狀語:

thismorning/month/year,today三、標志性的時間狀語三、標志性的時間狀語2.現(xiàn)在完成時動詞可以表示開始于過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還會繼續(xù)進行下去)的動作或狀態(tài)。1)IhavestudiedEnglishsincelastyear.我從去年開始學習英語。2)ShehaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears.她住在北京已經(jīng)五年了。注意:come,go,leave,arrive,buy,lose,borrow,join,die,begin和marry等動詞所表示的動作是一時的,不能延續(xù)的,故不能與for…,since…等表示一段時間的狀語連用。不過,這些詞用于否定句則可以與表示持續(xù)的時間狀語連用,即動作的不發(fā)生是可以持續(xù)的。3.現(xiàn)在完成時把過去的動作和現(xiàn)在的結果聯(lián)系起來，一般過去時只限于表示過去的動作本身,與現(xiàn)在的結果無關?，F(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時在意義上的區(qū)別舉例如下：Ihavecleanedmyroom.(Myroomiscleannow.)我已經(jīng)打掃過我的房間了。Icleanedmyroomlastweek.(Ididitinthepast.)我上周打掃了我的房間。Fatherhas

gone

to

Wuhan.(HewenttoWuhanandheisnotherenow.)爸爸已經(jīng)去武漢了。Theyhave

boughtadictionary.(Theyboughtadictionaryandtheyhaveitnow.)他們買了一本字典。注意:

現(xiàn)在完成時不能和明確指出時間的狀語(如:yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等)連用，但可以和不明確指出時間的狀語(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately,sofar等)連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內的時間狀語(如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等)連用。1.WhereisPeter?Idon’tknowwherehe________.2.HiJim!Where_____you_____?LiLeiislookingforyou.歸納三個知識要點：1.主語+have/hasgone(to)+某地

某人已經(jīng)去某地了，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已在那兒了。2.主語+have/hasbeen(to)+某地

某人曾經(jīng)到過某地，，但現(xiàn)在人不在那兒。3.主語+have/hasbeenin+某地+for+時間

某人去某地多久了hasgonehavebeen用Have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,

have/hasbeenin填空Mikeandhisparents__________thenorthforhalfayear.Mumisnotathomenow.she_________theshop.______youever_____tokunming?Never.Where_____you______thesedays?HasJimarrivedyet?Yes,he_______hereforseveraldays.havebeeninhasgonetohavebeenHavebeenhasbeen

含有for，since的現(xiàn)在完成時的用法歌訣:過去的動作或狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，for、since把時間帶。for+時間段since歌訣時間段+ago過去的時間點過去時的從句Fillintheblanksusingfororsince.1.—Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?

—I’velivedhere____twentyyears.2.Yes,I’vebeenhere_____1976.3.Hehasjustboughtanewhouseinthecity,butever_____hemovedin,hehashadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.4.Wehaven’tseeneachother______lastweek.5.MyparentsandIhavebeeninHongKong____twodays.forsincesincesinceforgo

Ready?6.—Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?

—I’vehadit____threeyears.7.Jeffhashadhisbike____

morethan10years.8.Yes,I’vehadit____sevenyears.9.Amyhashadherfavoritebook____threeyears.10.Amyhashadthetoybear______shewasababy.forforforforsince4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours./sincetenhoursago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears./sincethreeyearsage.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009./forabouteightyears.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears./sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday./foraboutthreedays.1.I______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_______________ (neverown)anypets,butthey____________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.3.We__________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_________(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswanthavehadbought4.CathyandAmy_____________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They______(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum__________(be)hereforover20years.It_____(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.haven’tbeenmisshasbeenis4cFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouownedit?ThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookbasketballfortwoyearssincehewas10yearsoldstudent1Student2ThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookfortwoyearsbasketballsincehewas10yearsoldStudent1Student2Writeareport.Inmygroup,Ahasa….Hehash