Unit8SectionA(grammar-4c)課件人教版級英語下冊

Unit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?SectionAPeriodFour(Grammar-4c)ObjectivesTolearnthenewwords:fiction,technology,French…TolearnthePresentperfecttensewithalreadyandyetfictionsciencefictiontechnologyFrench

n.

小說科幻小說n.

科技；工藝n.

法語WordsandexpressionsfictionsciencefictiontechnologyFrench

n.

小說科幻小說n.

科技；工藝n.

法語WordsandexpressionsGrammarFocusHaveyouread

LittleWomen

yet?Yes,Ihave./No,I

haven't.HasTinareadTreasureIsland

yet?Yes,shehas.Shethinksit'sfantastic.Haveyoudecidedwhichbooktowriteaboutyet?Yes,Ihave.I'vealreadyfinishedreadingit.Itwasreallygood.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：have/has+v過去分詞主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時用has，其余人稱用havehave/has助動詞否定havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t疑問Haveyou…?Hashe…?have/has可與主語縮寫在一起:have='ve

例如Ihave=I'veYouhave=You'vehas='s

例如Hehas=He'sShehas=She's過去分詞的變化規(guī)則(觀察總結(jié))規(guī)則變化：1.

pick→picked→picked;wish→wished→wished2.like→liked→liked;hope→hoped→hoped3.

study→studied→studiedhurry→hurried→hurried4.stop→stopped→stoppedclap→clapped→clapped一般在動詞詞尾直接加ed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞后面加d以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i，再加-ed詞尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，要雙寫輔音字母，再加-ed規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成與過去式的構(gòu)成相同清音/t/，元濁/d/，/t//d/音后讀/

id

/.不規(guī)則變化(P136-P137不規(guī)則動詞表)1.let→let→let;

put→put→put;read→read→read2.feel→felt→felt;keep→kept→kept;sleep→slept→slept3.lend→lent→lent;build→built→built;send→sent→sent

4.

buy→bought→bought;

bring→brought→brought;catch→caught→caught;teach→taught→taught以不變應(yīng)萬變?nèi)糁虚g有雙寫e，則去掉一個e，單詞末尾再加t結(jié)尾的字母為d

的變成t變?yōu)橐?ought或-aught結(jié)尾現(xiàn)在完成時的句型：1.肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他.2.否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他.3.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他？肯定答語：Yes,主語have/has.否定答語：No,主語haven't/hasn't.4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句？Whathaveyouread?現(xiàn)在完成時用法1.過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常和just(剛剛),already(已經(jīng)),yet,never,ever(曾經(jīng)),before(以前),sofar(到目前為止)等狀語連用(某個動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在造成了影響)2.從過去某一時刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。動作或狀態(tài)可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束，也可能還要繼續(xù)下去。常和for/since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用(此時動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞)havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2016IstilllivehereIhavelivedherefortwoyears.Ihavelivedheresince2016/twoyearsago.nowpastIhavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.●現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞:

(1)already和yet◎already常用于肯定句,意為“已經(jīng)”。放在助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前，或位于句末。

◎yet常用于否定句和疑問句，位于句末。用于否定句，意為“還(沒)，尚(未)”；用于疑問句，意為“已經(jīng)”Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.

我們已完成家庭作業(yè)了。Theyhaven’tfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.

他們還沒有完成家庭作業(yè)。

◎already和yet的轉(zhuǎn)換現(xiàn)在完成時的句中，含有already的陳述句變否定句或疑問句時，要把a(bǔ)lready改為yet，并放于句末。IhavealreadyreadTreasureIsland.Ihaven'treadTreasureIslandyet.HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?(2)ever和never◎ever曾經(jīng)，表示從過去到目前為止的時間。常用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的否定句疑問句，位于助動詞have/has后，過去分詞前。◎never從來沒有，決不，表示否定含義。位于助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前。

—Hehasneverarguedwithotherpeople.(3)just剛剛，常用于肯定句中。一般置于助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前。

(4)before以前，可用于各種句式(肯定否定疑問)，位于句尾。(5)sofar到目前為止，多位于句首或句末。無標(biāo)志詞的：1.Heisnotfeelingwellnow.Hehascaughtacold.2.Ihavelostmykey.Ican'tgointomyroom.3.Ihavelostmypen.

現(xiàn)在完成時：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或保存的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用（如：in1990，lastSunday等）。

一般過去時：一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動作或狀態(tài)在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束），它可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：have/has+V過去分詞

相同點(diǎn)：都說明過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事Shehaswateredtheflowers.(不需要再澆了，強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響)

不同點(diǎn)1.側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同：現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；一般過去時只表示過去某事發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。Shewateredtheflowersyesterday.(敘述過去的一種事實(shí))2.時間狀語不同過去時時間狀語：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow，時間+ago,last+時間等;

現(xiàn)在完成時時間狀語：already,yet,just,ever,never,before，twice，for，since.......如果句子中有明顯的過去時間狀語，只能用一般過去時Ihaveseenthefilmalready.Isawthefilmlastyear.eg：Hehasboughtacar他已經(jīng)買了一輛汽車。Heboughtacar.他買過一輛汽車。(敘述一種事實(shí))

第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時時態(tài)，想表達(dá)意為：“Heboughtacar.Andhestillhasit”“過去他買了一輛汽車，現(xiàn)在他還有這輛汽車”。

第二句意為：“Heboughtacar.Butwedon'tknowifhestillhasit”用過去時只敘述過去他買過一輛汽車這一事實(shí)，至于現(xiàn)在他是否有這輛汽車并未強(qiáng)調(diào)說明。Usethewordsinbracketstocompletetheconversations.4a1.A:Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?B:No,thanks.___________________(just/drinksometea)2.A:Iheardyoulostyourkey.____________________?(find)B:No,notyet.3.A:DoyouknowwhenTomisleaving?B:_________________.(already/leave)A:When____________?(leave)B:Thismorning.4.A:Isyoursistergoingtothemovieswithustonight?B:No.__________________________.(already/seethefilm)5.A:Whatdoyourparentsthinkaboutourplan?B:I___________________.(not/tellthem/yet)I’vejustdrunksometea.Haveyoufoundityethaven’ttoldthemyetHehasalreadyleftdidheleaveShehasalreadyseenthefilmFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.4b

Sally____(love)reading.Inthemorning,shereadsthenewspaperandintheeveningshereadsbooks.She___already____(read)morethan100differentbooks!Herfavoritekindofbooksissciencefiction.Sheisinterestedinscienceandtechnologyandlovestoimaginewhattheworld_______(be)likein50years.She________(finish)readingabookaboutrobotslastweekand_________(write)abookreportaboutitnextweekforherFrenchclass.Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanybooksshe__________(notread)yetandshecan’twaittoreadthem!

loveshasreadwillbefinishedwillwritehasn’treadA:Whatbookshaveyoualreadyread?B:I’vealreadyreadTomSawyerandHarryPotter.A:Whatdoyouthinkofthem?B:Well,IthinkHarryPotterwasexciting,butTomSawyerwasabitboring.4cPairworkCompletethechartwithinformationaboutyouandafriend.MyopinionYouYourfriendCommentsBooksIhavealreadyreadMoviesIhavealreadyseenSongsIhavealreadyheardTrytomakeareporttotheclass.Forexample:I’vealreadyreadthebook_____.Ithinkit’s_______.Myfriend_______hasreadabookcalled______.He/Shethinksit’s________.1.I________heardofthatstorybefore.A.don’thaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2.She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_________?A.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings__________?No,Ihaven’t.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.before4.Tom________illsincelastnight.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.be5.Howlonghaveyou_________Nanjing?A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wenttoCDDCC一同義句Exercise6.HowmanytimeshasJim_______thatpark?Twice.A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wentto7.I’ve______thisdictionaryforhalfayear.A.boughtB.hadC.lendedD.borrowed8.Shewon’tgotothecinemathiseveningbecauseshe________thefilmbefore.A.hasseenB.sawC.seesD.isseeingBBA1.她成為一名護(hù)士已經(jīng)三年了。2.我五年前就認(rèn)識李雷了。3.那些相片我已經(jīng)寄給他了。（post）4.我來到這個學(xué)校后，他就一直教我。5.我剛丟了我的歷史書。Shehasbeenanurseforthreeyears.IhaveknownLileisincefiveyearsago.Ihavealreadypostedthephotostohim.HehastaughtmesinceIcametotheschool.Ihavejustlostmyhistorybook.二翻譯1.I________heardofthatstorybefore.A.don’thaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2.She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_________?A.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings__________?No,Ihaven’t.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.before4.Tom________illsincelastnight.