人教版七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)及練習(xí)之（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)）

初中語(yǔ)法總結(jié)12一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)1.時(shí)態(tài)定義 時(shí)態(tài)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通過自身變化來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間和所處的狀態(tài)的各種形式。英語(yǔ)中一共有十六種時(shí)態(tài)，初中階段須重點(diǎn)掌握的有七種。2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 定義 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或主語(yǔ)所具備的格和能力等。時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞 Sundays...ually,often,sometimes,seldom,everyday,onceaweek,onSundays...動(dòng)詞形式(1)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是be時(shí)，第一人稱用am。第二人稱用is,其他人稱用are. (2)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般用動(dòng)詞原形，但如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞必須用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，其變化規(guī)則如下: 一般情況,直接加s, helpsmakesgets 以s.x.ch,sh.o結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加es, guessesfixesgoes 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞 ,變y為i再加es,fliescriestriesstudies句型結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定句 主語(yǔ)+be(am/is/are)+其他；主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/三單+其它 否定句 主語(yǔ)+be+not+其他； 主語(yǔ)+don't/doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 一般疑問句 Be(am/is/are)+主 語(yǔ)+其他；Do/does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它? 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句?基本用法 1.表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Hegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.2.表示客觀存在或普遍真理。Theearthgoesroundthesun.3.表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。Harbinisverycoldinwinter.4.在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wewillgoforanouting.3.一般過去時(shí)定義 一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞 yesterday,lastnight/week/month,twodays/months/yearsago,justnow,in+時(shí)間點(diǎn)...動(dòng)詞形式 一般情況,直接加ed,wantwanted:playplayed 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,直接加ed hopehoped:livelived 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed stopstopped;shopshopped 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i,再加ed studystudied;worryworried句型結(jié)構(gòu) (1)含be的一般過去時(shí)的句式 肯定句 Ourschooltripwasgreatlastweek. 否定句 Ourschooltripwasn'tgreatlastweek. 一般疑問句 Wasyourschooltripgreatlastweek? 特殊疑問句 Howwasyourschooltriplastweek? (2)含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句式 肯定句 IwatchedTVlastnight. 否定句 Ididn'twatchTVlastnight. 一般疑問句 DidyouwatchTVlastnight? 特殊疑問句 Whatdidyoudolastnight?基本用法 1.表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Sheplayedvolleyballwithherfriendsyesterday.2.表示過去習(xí) 慣性,經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或行為.Heoftencametohelpmewithmymaths.3.用于since引導(dǎo)的從句，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)since引導(dǎo)的從句一般要用一般過去時(shí)。Youhaven'tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.初中語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)寫出下列單詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1.clean 8.eat 15.finish2.stay 9.study 16.take3.wash10.play 17.swim5.do11.pay18.sing4.watch12.fix19.buy6.make 13.go 20.visit7.live14.cook 二、單項(xiàng)選擇(30分)()1.Fatherusually____hisnewspaperafterdinner.A.readB.readsC.readingD.isreading()2.TheBlacksoftentothecinemaonSaturdayevenings.A.goB.goesC.isgoingD.aregoing()3.OldTomusually__upatsixand__sportsinthegarden.A.gets,dosB.gets,doesC.get,doesD.gets,do()4.Thewaiters___toworkatfiveeverymorning.A.startB.startsC.startingD.arestarting()5.Ahundreddays__quitealongtime.A.isB.areC.haveD.has()6.Mymother__noodles,butmyfather_____.A.likes,doesn'tB.don'tlike,do C.likes,didn'tD.didn'tlike,do ()7.Thepicture___nice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islooking()8.Ioftenhearher_abouttheboy.A.talking B.talkC.totalkD.talked ()9.He'salreadyalittleweakinChinese,_______he?A.is B.isn't C.has D.hasn't ()10.Doesshehaveawatch?Yes,she__A.have B.do C.has D.does 三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Healways______(want)tobeacoach.2.When___youusually__(start)yourclassinthemorning?3.Mymumoften__(work)fromMondaytoSaturday.4.What_____heusually___(do)afterschool?5.Peter____(nothave)anybrothers.6.There_____(be)sevendaysinaweek.7.Davidoften______(play)basketballonSundays.8.How_____he_____(get)toschooleveryday?9.What__shelike?Sheisverykind.10.Ioften_____(play)thepianoonSaturdays.初中語(yǔ)法一般過去時(shí)練習(xí)一、寫出下列單詞的過去式1.go_ 8.stay___ 15.eat 2.clean__ 9.read___ 16.buy__3.have___ 10.see___ 17.fall___ 4.wash___ 11.drink__ 18.can__ 5.watch___6.sleep___19.lick12.fix13.ride__20.laugh__7.take___ 14.hurt_ 二、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Themotheraskedtheboydowntheladder,buthewenton___instead.A.e;climbing B.toe;toclimb C.toe;climbing Ding;climbing ()2.Theteacheraskedthestudentstoclosethewindows___thewindfrom_thepapersaway.A.tostop;blowing B.stopping;blowing C.tostop;blow D.stopped;blow ()3.Thesickmanstayedinbed,veryterrible.A.felt B.feelingC.isfeeling D.wasfeeling ()4.YesterdayIheardastory_____bymyfriend.A.told B.tellingC.totell D.tell ()5.Theboywasmadethereforanhourbyhisfather.A.standingB.stand C.tostand D.stands ()6.Isawhim__intothesmallstore.A.went B.going C.togo D.hasgone ()7.Heraisedhisvoicetomakeeverybodyintheroomhimclearly.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard()8.Ourgeographyteachertoldusyesterdaythattheearth__aroundthesun.A.wasmovingB.movedC.hasmovedD.Moves()9.Oh,it'syou.I'msorryI_____knowyou___here.A.don't;areB.didn't;are C.didn't;wereD.don't;were ()10.Mr.LuXundiedin1936.Healotoffamousnovels.A.wrote B.waswriting C.haswritten Dwouldwrite 三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He___(fall)offhisbikeand___(hurt)himself...Saturday,2.We____fishingand___alotofpicturesthedaybeforeyesterday.3.Mike___(clean)theroomand___(fix)abrokenchairtwodaysago.4.Ididn't__(wash)myclothesyesterdayafternoon.5.Mybrother____(want)to_(play)footballwithhisfriendsLastThursday.6.Wh