中考主謂一致專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)(魯教版).ppt

1、“一致”是指句子成分之間或詞語(yǔ)之間在性、數(shù)等方面應(yīng)保持一致。 “主謂一致”是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)必須在人稱、性、數(shù)上保持一致，即主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如are, were, have等，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，如：is, was, has, works等。 在具體處理一致關(guān)系時(shí)可遵循以下三原則: 語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致、就近一致。,1. 由and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一個(gè)人的雙重身份或匹配出現(xiàn)的事物時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)，由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan. (那個(gè)工人兼作家) The

2、 worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家),常見的由and連接的指一個(gè)概念的有： the needle and thread 針線salt and water鹽和水the folk and knife 刀叉 iron and steel 鋼鐵 time and tide 歲月 (時(shí)間和潮水),Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.,Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada.,2. everyone o

3、f one of each of either of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 Each of the students has a book.,3. 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.,4. Every and (every), each and (each) , no and (no) , many a and (many a) 連接兩個(gè) 單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。 Every desk and every chair is made of w

4、ood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,5. 集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, majority, crew, audience, public, government, group等作主語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指?jìng)€(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.,This class consists of 45 students. Mr. Green t

5、eaches it This class are all diligent. Mr. Green teaches them.,The team is the best in the league這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好。 The football team are having baths足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?1His family _ a small one 2His family _ fat and short A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is,此題應(yīng)選C。family是一個(gè)集合名詞，具有單數(shù)(側(cè)重指整體)和復(fù)數(shù)(側(cè)重指?jìng)€(gè)體)兩種可能。,

6、但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法： 1. 有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)(不可數(shù))：clothing衣服，poetry 詩(shī)歌，baggageluggage 行李，furniture家俱，scenery 景色等。 2. 有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式)：people人，police警察，cattle牲口等。,6. all, none, some, any 等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 7. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the

7、 last / lots / plenty / 分?jǐn)?shù) / 百分?jǐn)?shù) + of + 名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和 of 之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。,Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war. Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.,8.由or, ei

8、theror, neithernor, not onlybut also 等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常和靠近的作主語(yǔ)的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致就近原則。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 9. 由there be引導(dǎo)的句子，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)不是 一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與最近的主語(yǔ) 一致。,Not only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. (89)A. is B. are

9、 C. am D. be,析: 由“or, eitheror, neithernor, notbut, not only but also”連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。,B,10. 主語(yǔ)后跟 “with / along with / together with / including / but / except / like / among / as well as / no more than / besides / rather than +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般和前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 The teacher with a number of students is

10、 in the classroom.,A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered,謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該跟主語(yǔ)一致還是跟表語(yǔ)一致?,We Chinese _ a hard-working people A. is B. are C. is being D. are being,此題應(yīng)選B。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)一致），本題意為：我們中國(guó)人是

11、一個(gè)勤勞的民族。,注意以下類似例子： These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim The planets were the object of his study The most important thing I need is books The countrys leading export is watches The best part of the meal is the coffee and cookies,1. _ you or he the teacher of English? 2. Neithe

12、r my sister nor my mother _ present at the meeting. A. Are, was B. Is, were C. Are, are D. Is, is,A,When and where to build the new factory_ yet. (91) A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,析: 當(dāng)when和where加不定式指的是同一件事時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。,A,I, not you, _ in the wrong. Not I b

13、ut he _ been invited.A. were, have B. were, hasC. was, has D. was, have,有否定形式加入時(shí), 動(dòng)詞看肯定形式。,C,every并列使用時(shí)，動(dòng)詞取單數(shù)。,Every boy and every girl _ that each day and each hour brings _ duty. A. know, their B. knows, their C. knows, its D. know, its,B,E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily

14、 communication. (99 上海2) A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play,1. One or two days _ enough to see the city A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind A. is B. are C. am D. be,3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of

15、 having one examination after another A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. Not the teacher, but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film A. is B. are C. am D. be,5. A woman with some children _ soon A. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come 6. No one except my parents _ anything about this。 A. know B. knows C. is known D. are known,7The teacher as well as the students _ the book already A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading 8All but one _ in the accident A. was killed B. were killed C. will be killed D. are killed,9. The number of people invited