人教版中考英語完形填空ppt課件.ppt

1、中考英語完形填空解題方法與技巧,1,the second highest mountain in the world,Why climb? Because its there!,I came, I saw, I conquered. - by Caesar,K2,2,Free talk,What do you think of cloze? Is it easy or hard for you?,3,（一） 完形填空題考什么？,1、詞法及詞義辨析,2、固定短語搭配,3、上下文邏輯關(guān)系,4、文化背景及生活常識,一、完形填空題型分析解讀,4,（二） 安徽中考完形填空題的特點,突出語篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用，注

2、重語境。,2. 辨析詞義，以實詞為主。,3. 題材多為記敘文，敘議結(jié)合。,5,文化習(xí)俗 科普知識 著名人物 幽默故事 日常生活 人生百味,完形填空的題材、文體分類,題材,文體,記敘 議論 說明,6,兩個一組討論本篇完形填空的題材、文體和文章大意，并說出每小題的答案及解題的思路。,groupwork,Task 1,7,2013年河南省中考英語完形填空（打?。?King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people.He often asked36which were strange. His people

3、had to use words in a37way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people.38he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal39the habit of the king. He understood the40at

4、once and asked, May I know the question so that I can41for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows are there in this city? 42even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so43?” asked Akbar. Birbal said, Make your men44, My

5、lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find45crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise answer.,8,( ) 36.A. questions B. help C. promise D. advice ( ) 37. A. common B. friendly C. c

6、lever D. silent ( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As ( ) 39. A. knew B. developedC. hated D. doubted ( ) 40. A. order B. informationC. danger D. situation ( ) 41. A. ask B. wait C. try D. reach ( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In ( ) 43.A. smart B. brave C. funny D. sure ( ) 44. A. cat

7、ch B. discuss C. count D. visit ( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. older,9,2013河南省中考完形填空考點解析 本題材為一篇幽默故事。題目設(shè)置上較注重對語篇整體理解能力和詞義辨析的考查。根據(jù)語篇上下文的語意、邏輯和句法尋找線索，進(jìn)行合理的推理和猜測，就能做出正確的選擇。,36A【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。賓語questions提示和動詞ask構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，表示“問問題”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar經(jīng)常會問奇怪的問題。 37. C【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。前文had to “不得不”，提示下文用形容詞cleve

8、r表示“明智的；聰明的”。 38.D【解析】考查連詞意義辨析。下文“他的臣民們低下頭尋找答案”可知前文是時間狀語從句，用as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句表示“當(dāng)時候”。 39.A【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。根據(jù)下句“他立刻明白了當(dāng)前的形勢”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”國王猜謎的習(xí)慣。用動詞knew表示“知道；了解”。 40.D【解析】考查名詞意義辨析。承接上文“他了解國王的習(xí)慣”，說明他明白當(dāng)時的“形勢”，用situation表示“情況；形勢”。 41.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。動詞try和for連用，try for表示“謀求；嘗試”，和answer構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，表示“尋找一個答案”。 42.B【解析】考查介

9、詞意義辨析。下文他立刻說出了一個具體數(shù)字，和even“甚至”的提示意義說明上文是“甚至沒有經(jīng)過片刻的思索”，用介詞without表示“無；沒有”，表示否定意義。 43.D【解析】考查形容詞意義辨析。對于他說出的具體數(shù)字，根據(jù)常理推測，國王是詢問“你如何能這么確信？”be sure表示“確信的；有把握的”。 44.C【解析】考查動詞意義辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答國王的問題是“讓你的臣民們數(shù)一下”，用動詞count表示“數(shù)”，和上面的數(shù)字對應(yīng)。 45.A【解析】考查形容詞比較級意義辨析。綜合這兩句話的意義“如果多了就是有來走親戚的；如果少了，是去走親戚了”可以推斷空格處用fewer，表示“少”這一

10、意義，和上句的more對應(yīng)。,10,二、完形填空的解題方法,盡管看起來形式上有殘缺（若干個空），但它的內(nèi)容和語言習(xí)慣、句與句之間的銜接點、句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系、段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時，通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點、分清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語境，注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間、從語法到意義的合理搭配。,原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示即clues, 有的在本句中，有的在前，稱為前提示，有的在后，稱為后暗示,有的暗含于語篇中。,11,要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用 第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作

11、用，是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how),要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用,故事的結(jié)局 問題的結(jié)論 幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾,留意文章中有中文注釋的詞 有注釋的詞往往對理解短文和解題有幫助。,Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文,12,共205詞, 做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a 12-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives

12、 him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tired, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof

13、 the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often ea

14、t fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,Practice 打印,13,可以推測： 這

15、篇文章是介紹青少年日常生活中過重課程安排，占用了孩子們大量的課余時間，成了影響他們健康成長的社會問題，,首句： Xiao Qiang，a 12-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities 第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” 中文注釋： an expert (專家) 尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,撇開選項不談，單

16、從這些句子中，我們可以捕捉到如下信息： （1）XiaoQiang 是個12歲中國男孩。 （2）他有許多活動。 （3）專家認(rèn)為過量的課程安排是個問題 。（4）孩子們需要時間休息。,14,Step 2 通讀全文, 把握脈絡(luò),通過跳過空格，通覽全文，我們明白了大意、理清了觀點、分清了層次。 本文講述了許多青少年學(xué)生在課余時間奔走于各種各樣的after school activities 的問題，專家呼吁Kids need time to relax.,15,Xiao Qiang，a 12-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1

17、 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tired, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do

18、.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids an

19、d their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should

20、10 about what is right for kids.,跳過空格通讀短文：,16,Step 3 瞻前顧后，上下求索,本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語感，推測部分空格的可能答案，并劃出語篇標(biāo)志和答題暗示。然后，再結(jié)合選項逐一敲定。,17,完形填空。 （共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘）,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town t

21、o practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tired, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged

22、 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 thei

23、r way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,平行結(jié)構(gòu),1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has

24、taken 2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework 3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,18,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my

25、 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 mo

26、st of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practic

27、e or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,前提示,后暗示,1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken 2. A. sports B.

28、business C. homework D. housework 3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,相同或相似結(jié)構(gòu),19,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car

29、when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，

30、and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music less

31、ons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,因果關(guān)系,表達(dá)心情的形容詞,應(yīng)與表達(dá)心情的形容詞匹配,后暗示,4. A. but B. or C. because D. so 5. A. excited B.

32、 interested C. worried D. dangerous 6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time,20,完形填空。 共205詞 推薦做題時間 10分鐘,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the

33、 car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the

34、time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music

35、 lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,后暗示,平行結(jié)構(gòu),7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in

36、 D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better 10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell,固定搭配,結(jié)合句義推測,固定搭配、語境,21,Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案,將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。,22,保留解題痕跡的卷面：,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a

37、 week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tired, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(專家)of child

38、development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (過量的課程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinn

39、er 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,后暗示,平行

40、結(jié)構(gòu),固定搭配,結(jié)合句義推測,固定搭配、語境,前提示,后暗示,平行結(jié)構(gòu),23,Step 4 再讀文章，核查答案,將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。,Now we have conquered K2.,24,具體解題步驟,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò),3、瞻前顧后，上下求索,4、再讀文章，核查答案,勾劃、研讀首句尾句以及有中文注釋的單詞,了解全文。,跳過空格，速讀全文，把握大意。注意文中的語篇標(biāo)志，和句中的連詞,捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯。,前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運用解題策略從句子、段落、語篇層面解題，劃出語篇標(biāo)志，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞、定位詞。,代入答案

41、，再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查 爭取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確+語義通順+邏輯合理。,少于1分鐘,約5分鐘,約2分鐘,約2分鐘,Summary,25,三、完形填空的解題技巧,技巧1利用上下文語境推斷句意來解題,(2017巴中中考) Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad 51. dream. The teacher 52. spoke so quickly that I didnt understand her most of the time. I was afraid 53. to ask questions

42、because of my54pronunciation. I just hid behind my textbook and never said 55 anything. 54. poorB. goodC. nice,26,技巧2利用詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系解題,Ralph Wick was seven years old. In most things he was a fine boy, but he would cry from time to time. When he could not have what he wanted, he would 36for it. If he was to

43、ld that it would hurt him, and he could not 37. have it, he would also cry. 36. A. run B. cry C. planD. call,27,技巧3利用固定搭配、固定句式及習(xí)慣表達(dá)解題,(2017隨州中考) Mulin is a small boy from Hubei. He is a(n) 41.unlucky boy. His parents divorced when he was two years old. He lived with his 42. father and grandmother43t

44、he age of 5, his father died of heart disease. He had to live with his grandmother. Unfortunately, there was 44. something wrong with his grandmothers head. 43. A. At B. In C. For D. To,28,技巧4利用生活常識(經(jīng)驗)解題,(2017益陽中考) Smiling is the best way of making friends. When I was thirteen31old, my father found

45、 a job in the city. So my family moved there. I also came to a(an)32. new school near where we live. My old school was far away. At first, I did not know anyone in my class. 31. A. weeksB. months C. years,29,技巧5利用邏輯推理關(guān)系來解題,(2017攀枝花中考) We played together so well that I was very interested in 42. how

46、she or he looked. Each time I thought about 43. our playing together, I would move my lip, completely unnoticeably. However, I couldnt understand why the violinist next door never responded when I knocked on the door. I was terribly disappointed.,30,A year later, I took part in a violin competition.

47、 44. At the event, I made a new friend, 45. her name was Rita. “Lets welcome contestant number 10, Rita. ”the master of the ceremony announced. This girl, who was my age, was deaf and dumb, 46she had played the violin for eight years! 46. A. but B. though C. so D. and,31,四、解題誤區(qū),1、單純求快忽略語篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨

48、析、搭配和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，試圖用語言知識解決所有問題。 正確的做法是在整體理解語篇的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合語境選擇。 2、時間安排不當(dāng)，在幾個選項上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以做出的題來不及做。 正確的做法是由易到難，合理分配時間。,32,Task 2 按照解題步驟，利用解題技巧兩人小組完成模擬題，保留解題的痕跡。,首、尾句及文章中心句： 關(guān)鍵詞，提示詞：,完形填空推薦圈點勾畫符號：,Have a try!,33,One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmys finger. The doctor asked if we had found the tip

49、of Timmys finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could get it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blue. I knew from the look on the doctors face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pain away from my little boy. Then a(n) 38 came to me. I whispered in his ear, “Timmy, did you know that lizards（蜥蜴） grow their tails back and little boys can grow their fingers back too?” Timmys soft green eyes grew wide 39 excitement. “They