unit 1 Cultural Relics Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language 課件（人教版必修2課標(biāo)通用）.ppt

1、教材研讀 一、重點(diǎn)單詞熟記 1_adj.本地的；當(dāng)?shù)氐?2_adv.分離地；分別地 3_n繪畫；畫 4_n城堡,unit 1 Cultural Relics Section Learning about Language,local,apart,painting,castle,二、重點(diǎn)短語探究 1second_二手 2_part拆開 3as_as和一樣好；實(shí)際上等于,good,hand,take,三、教材佳句背誦 1He recognized that it was a_cultural relic, but at a price he could afford, so he bought i

2、t at once. 雖然他承認(rèn)這是一件稀罕的文物，但是價(jià)格他能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起，所以他立刻就買了下來。 2The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and_ it. 那個(gè)老人看到有些德國(guó)人把琥珀屋拆開運(yùn)走了。,removing,rare,apart adv.分離地；分別地 take apart拆開；拆卸 (教材原句)The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.(P4) 一位老人看到一些德國(guó)人拆開琥珀屋把它運(yùn)走了。 【句法分析】

3、此句是簡(jiǎn)單句，謂語動(dòng)詞see后面的賓語為復(fù)合賓語，其中現(xiàn)在分詞taking apart作賓語some Germans的補(bǔ)足語。,【用法歸納】 take.apart 把拆開 We had to take the engine apart. 我們不得不卸下引擎。 apart from除之外(別無/還有)except/besides She lives apart from her parents.她和父母分開住。 tell/know.apart把區(qū)別開來 fall apart土崩瓦解 stand apart分開站立 live apart分開住 take part in 參加,考點(diǎn)警示apart的考

4、點(diǎn)主要有兩個(gè)：與動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的短語辨析；與介詞構(gòu)成的短語用法。 【即境活用】 完成句子 He told me that_. 他告訴我機(jī)器已被拆開。 The policeman_. 警察正在把炸彈拆開。 答案the machine had already been taken apart is taking the bomb apart,單項(xiàng)填空 _good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Shandong Cuisine. AFar from BRegardless of CInstead of DApar

5、t from 解析考查固定短語。句意：除了優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)之外這家酒店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)的山東美食。far from“遠(yuǎn)非”；regardless of“不管，不顧”；instead of“代替”。apart from“除了之外還”根據(jù)句意選D。 答案D,Rod loves_clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again. Ataking apart Bgiving away Cmaking up Dturning off 解析考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：Rod喜歡拆卸鐘表，然而，他從來都不能再重新裝好。A項(xiàng)意為“拆開；拆卸”；B項(xiàng)意

6、為“贈(zèng)送，泄露”；C項(xiàng)意為“編造；彌補(bǔ)；化裝”；D項(xiàng)意為“關(guān)掉”。 答案A,知能精解 定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩類。,1具體用法 (1)限制性定語從句 限制性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切，對(duì)它有限制作用。因此，不可缺少，否則會(huì)影響全句的意義。 There is much that will be unpleasing to the English readers.有許多東西將會(huì)使英國(guó)讀者不愉快。 I shall never forget the day when we first met in the park. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們?cè)诠珗@相見的那一天。 考點(diǎn)警示在限制性定語從

7、句中，關(guān)系代詞如果作賓語，可以省略。,We have got the instrument (that) we need. 我們買到了所需要的儀器。 (2)非限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句與所修飾的名詞(先行詞)關(guān)系松弛，只提供有關(guān)該名詞的補(bǔ)充情況或附加說明。即使去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。書寫時(shí)，往往用逗號(hào)與主句分開。 Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一種清澈的液體，有許多用途。 Once more I am in Boston, where I have not been for ten years. 我又來到了波士頓，我有

8、十年沒有到這里來了。,考點(diǎn)警示非限制性定語從句形式上是從句，其功能實(shí)質(zhì)上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)分句。有時(shí)，甚至可以將其譯成狀語從句。 Then he met Mary, who invited him to a party. 后來他遇到了瑪麗，瑪麗邀請(qǐng)他去參加晚會(huì)。(who實(shí)際上and she) He said he was busy, which was untrue. 他說他很忙，其實(shí)不然。(which was untruethough it was untrue),2限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的主要區(qū)別 (1)形式不同 限制性定語從句主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開，口語中使用時(shí)也不停頓；而非限制性

9、定語從句與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開，口語中使用時(shí)有停頓。 (2)功能不同 限制性定語從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限制性定語從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。,People who regularly take physical exercise live longer. 進(jìn)行有規(guī)律體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義) His daughter, who is in London now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在倫敦，下星期回來。(若把從句去掉句子意義仍

10、然完整) (3)先行詞不同 限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子；另外，當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無二性的普通名詞時(shí)，通常要用非限制性定語從句，而不用限制性定語從句。如：,Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快，這是很危險(xiǎn)的。(which指drive too fast) He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意，這使我很生氣。(which指整個(gè)主句) Mr. Smith, who is our b

11、oss, will leave for Japan next week. 我們的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行詞為專有名詞，要用非限制性定語從句修飾),(4)關(guān)系詞不同 關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語從句中，通常不用于非限制性定語從句；另外，在限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略，而在非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略，that在非限制性定語從句中不能代替who, whom或which。 Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父親很有錢，希望她出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。(who不能用that代替) 3as與

12、which的區(qū)別 (1)不管在限制性定語從句還是在非限制性定語從句里，as都不能做介賓，which可以做介賓。,A chemical reaction is a process in which one species is converted to another. 化學(xué)反應(yīng)是一種物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變成另一種物質(zhì)的過程。(which做介賓，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句) (2)一是引導(dǎo)詞指的是一個(gè)具體的名詞；二是關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)限制性定語從句。 The building which stands near the river is our school. 考點(diǎn)警示在與the same.as等連用時(shí)，as修飾一

13、個(gè)具體的名詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限制性定語從句。如果不與the same.as等連用時(shí)，as只能指主句全句，并且只能引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。,Its the same person as we wanted to find yesterday. 我們昨天要找的是同一個(gè)人。 Such girls as he knows are good at English. 他所認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩都擅長(zhǎng)英語。 (3)定語從句的動(dòng)詞不是連系動(dòng)詞。 She has married again, which delighted us. 考點(diǎn)警示as作主語時(shí)，之后的動(dòng)詞必須是連系動(dòng)詞，否則必須用which。 錯(cuò)She has mar

14、ried again, as delighted us. (4)定語從句的表語不具有肯定的含義。 She has married again, which was unexpected.,【典例剖析】 典例1That evening，_I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen 解析考查非限制性定語從句。句意：稍后我會(huì)告訴你更多關(guān)于那晚的事，那晚我工作到很晚。先行詞為that evening，將先行詞代入定語從句中為：I will tell you more a

15、bout that evening later.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作about的賓語，且表示“物”，故用which引導(dǎo)。本題容易誤選D項(xiàng)，考生只看到先行詞為表示時(shí)間的名詞，但沒有分析先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能。 答案B,典例2Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature，_， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. Awhich Bwho Cwhere Dwhom 解析考查非限制性定語從句。句意：Ellen 是一個(gè)專畫鳥類和大自然的畫家，因?yàn)槟撤N原因，她遠(yuǎn)離了人類社會(huì)。修飾先

16、行詞Ellen。因?yàn)橄刃性~指人并且在定語從句中作主語，所以只能用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。 答案B,典例3The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other. Athey Bwhere Cwhat Dthat 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：這個(gè)古老的小鎮(zhèn)擁有狹窄的街道和建造得彼此靠得很近的小房子。先行詞是small houses，還原到定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞that。A、C不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；B是關(guān)系副詞不能作主語。 答案D,典例4It is the third time that s

17、he has won the race，_has surprised us all. Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhat 解析考查非限制性定語從句。句意：這是她再一次在比賽中獲勝，這點(diǎn)已經(jīng)令我們所有人感到驚訝。逗號(hào)前面的整個(gè)句子為先行詞。關(guān)系詞which在句子中作主語，指代上句內(nèi)容，意思“這一點(diǎn)”，此處要防止受思維定式影響，誤認(rèn)為是It is the third time that.句型。 答案C,典例5Maria has written two novels, both of _ have been made into television series. Athem Bth

18、at Cwhich Dwhat 解析考查非限制性定語從句。句意：瑪利亞已經(jīng)寫了兩部小說，兩部小說都被改編成了電視劇。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號(hào)不能連接兩個(gè)完整的分句，首先排除A；that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，故排除B；what不是定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，故答案用which不能用that。 答案C,典例6A lot of language learning, _has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that per

19、iod. Aas Bit Cwhich Dthis 解析句意：正如人們發(fā)現(xiàn)的那樣，許多語言學(xué)習(xí)是在生命的第一年進(jìn)行的，所以在那個(gè)時(shí)期父母應(yīng)該多和孩子說話。本題考查非限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞的選用。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞為一個(gè)句子(即：A lot of language learning is happening.)，先行詞在定語從句中作主語。當(dāng)定語從句為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，常用as作主語來引導(dǎo)定語從句；如果從句中行為動(dòng)詞為主動(dòng)語態(tài)，一般用which作主語。故答案為A，as 表示“正如”。 答案A,解題指導(dǎo)：定語從句的做題要抓住“四”步：還原先行詞；分析先行詞在定語從句

20、中的句子成分；遇到介詞提前要注意動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配；依據(jù)成分確定相應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞。 知能精練 . 完成句子 1Is this school_(我們?nèi)昵皡⒂^過的)? 2How many students are there in your class_ _(家是農(nóng)村的)? 3The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage_(那里已有其他的7個(gè)人了),4The foreign guests，_(大部分是政府官員), were warmly welcomed at the airport. 5Finally, the thief handed

21、 over everything _ _(他所偷的東西)to the police. 6Who is the woman _(正在清理地板的)over there? 7_(正如我所預(yù)料的那樣), he got the first place again in this midterm examination. 8There is something wrong with your recorder. Youd better_(拆開它)and repair it.,9To my surprise，_(他是個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厝?. 10_(看到他進(jìn)了教室)the classroom while the tea

22、cher turned to the window. 11_(眾所周知), English is not very difficult to learn. 12Do you know_(她改變想法的理由)? 答案1.the one we visited three years ago 2whose homes are in the country 3where there were already seven other people 4most of whom were government officials 5that he had stolen,6that is sweeping th

23、e floor 7As I expected 8take it apart 9he is a local person 10He was seen to come into 11As is known to us all 12the reason why she has changed her mind,.單項(xiàng)填空 1The English play_my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. Afor which Bat which Cin which Don which 解析考查定語從句中的介詞提前后跟關(guān)系詞的

24、用法。句意：我的學(xué)生在新年晚會(huì)上表演的英語話劇大獲成功。此處動(dòng)詞act與先行詞之間用介詞in，意思為“在戲劇中的表演”，符合題意。 答案C,2The place_interested me most was the Childrens Palace. Awhich Bwhere Cwhat Din which 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：最令我感興趣的地方就是少年宮。先行詞place 指物在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞which代替先行詞，在定語從句中作主語。 答案A,3Do you know the man_？ Awhom I spoke Bto who spoke CI spoke to

25、Dthat I spoke 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：你知道和我說話的那個(gè)人嗎？“和誰講話”要用speak to sb。本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。 答案C,4Can you lend me the book_the other day? Aabout which you talked Bwhich you talked Cabout that you talked Dthat you talked 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：你能把那本幾天前談到的那本書借給我嗎？ “談到某事物”應(yīng)說

26、talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用which作賓語，不能用that。 答案A,5Im interested in_you have said. Aall that Ball what Cthat Dwhich 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：我對(duì)你所說的一切都感興趣。因?yàn)橄刃性~是all，所以只能選用that引導(dǎo)。 答案A,6I want to use the same dictionary_was used yesterday. Awhich Bwho Cwhat Das 解析考查限制性定語從句。句意：我想用與昨天一樣的詞典。 the same.as是固定用法，as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)可以作主語、賓語或表語，在本句話中as作從句的主