Unit 4 Life on Mars-狀語及其狀語從句.ppt

1、狀語與狀語從句,狀語常由副詞、形容詞、介詞詞組、非謂語動詞和狀語從句擔任。 Luckily enough, his stepmother was kind to him. He stood there, unable to speak. He sat down at the desk and began to go through the files. I stood there, astonished by the dangerous performance. Walking along the shore, they felt comfortable. The ice is too thi

2、n to skate on.,The types of adverbial clauses:,1. When we came we found they had left. 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. 3. If it is fine tomorrow, well go for a picnic. 4. Since everyone is here, lets begin our class. 5. Though it was very late, the workers were continuing their work.,1. 時間

3、狀語從句,2 地點狀語從句,3 條件狀語從句,4 原因狀語從句,5 讓步狀語從句,6. The horse is not so weighty as the elephant. 7. The students reviewed the lessons as the teacher told them to. 8. Lets get up early so that we can arrive at the airport on time. 9. They worked there so carefully that they didnt notice I was passing by.,6.比

4、較狀語從句,7 方式狀語從句,8 目的狀語從句,9 結(jié)果狀語從句,1 時間狀語從句,1. While I was sitting there, he told me an interesting story.,2. The play went on until the candles went out.,3. We didnt begin our meeting until the chairman came.,4.How have you been since I saw you last?,5. Hardly had we gathered in the wheat when it beg

5、an to rain.,6.I came to the house the moment he was about to leave.,7. We talked as we walked.,It is four years since we met last.,It is four years since I was a League member. It is ten years since I lived there.,when,while,as, before, after, since, till, until, immediately, directly, as soon as, n

6、o soonerthan, hardly when,every time, each time, the moment,1-2 時態(tài)呼應(yīng)：,1-1 時間狀語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：,A.while引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動詞必須是能夠延續(xù)的動詞,B.since引導(dǎo)的從句用過去時，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。,C. As soon as, no sooner than, hardlywhen引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動詞要用過去完成時。,She listened closely while he read.,How long has it been since you were in London?,Hardly had I ope

7、ned the door when he hit me.,2 地點狀語從句,1. Where there is water, there is living things. 2. Wherever they went, they were warmly welcomed.,地點狀語從句和where定語從句的區(qū)別：,The two rivers meet _ there is a mount. where B.at the place C.the place at which D. at which,A.where,Tips: 介詞+which 代替只有是定語從句情況下才用，判斷是否是定語從句，

8、要看從句前是否有先行詞，有先行詞的是定語從句。,3.條件狀語從句-the adverbial clause of condition,1. If it is fine tomorrow, well go camping. 2. Unless he writes me back, Ill not write him again. 3. So long as we work hard, we are sure to make much progress. 4. Supposing we cant get him informed in advance, what should we do?,3-1

9、 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的詞： if, unless, so/as long as, provided, supposing, on condition that, in case,3-2 這些詞不能引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的條件從句，只有if 可以引導(dǎo)虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句。 If I were you, I would say “yes”. If you had been here earlier, you would have met the famous singer. If he studies hard now, he would be a college student soon.,if, if

10、only 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中會出現(xiàn)陳述語氣和虛擬語氣.(使用時注意上下文的限制及語氣.),If alive, her mother must be at least eighty years of age. The fish would live quite a week if given water. What would Tom think of him if he failed? If I were you, I would go to night school. If only he had seen me! If the photograph werent missing. If

11、he didnt drive so fast.,4.原因狀語從句-the adv.clause of reason,1. Because it was getting dark, we hurried. 2. As I knew he was ill, I didnt call. 3. Since his method doesnt work, lets try yours. 4. The electric current must have been turned off, for the light went out.,陳述間接的、推測性的原因， 不放句首,as, since與now th

12、at 意思相近 for: 表示前后推理關(guān)系。It must have rained last night, for the ground was all wet. because: 語氣最強烈，在回答why 問題或在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中必須用because。,Please fill in the blanks with because, since, as or for:,5.The light went out, _ the electric current was turned off. 6. _ everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. 7. I cant

13、 go, _ I am busy.,because,Since,as,斷電是燈滅的直接原因。,既然 ，前后是推理關(guān)系。,由于我太忙。,5. 讓步狀語從句,1.Though/ Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 2. He did well in his examination, even if he didnt get a price. 3. However hard he tried, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 4. Whether he works or n

14、ot, I dont think he will pass his exam. 5. Whatever you may say, I still think I did the right thing. 6. No matter whether you agree or not, I shall pay him the price he asks.,5-1 讓步狀語從句一般由如下的詞或詞組引導(dǎo)：though, although, even though, even if, whatever, whenever, however(+ adj.), whetheror not, no matter

15、 whether or not.,5-2 even if & even though A. Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud. B. Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher.,A.引導(dǎo)把握不大或假設(shè)的事情,B.引出的是事實,5-3: 讓步狀語從句的其他結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. It doesnt matter what you say, I shall go to the dance. 2. Poor as he was

16、 (=Though he was poor) , he was honest. 3. Child as he is, he knows a lot. 4. Much as I admire him as a writer (Though I admire him a great deal), I do not like him as a man. 5. Try as he will (Try as he may= Though he tries hard), he never seems able to do the work well. 6. Though beaten (Though we

17、 were beaten ), we were not disgraced 7. Though no swimmer( Though Mary was no swimmer), Mary splashed about happily in the sea.,6 比較狀語從句A. .asas B. .er thanC. the morethe more,1. He runs faster than _. 2. He is taller than _. 3. This work is not _ easy as you think. 4. That question was not _ an ea

18、sy one as I thought. 5. The more you work, the more you earn. 6. The sooner you finish your work, the sooner you will go home. 7. The more, the merrier.,I,me/ I,so(as),such,The room is twice as big as that one.,The room is twice bigger than that one. The room is twice the size of that one.,倍數(shù)+the depth/height/width/weight of ,The well is three times the depth of that one.,7 方式狀語從句,1