牛津沈陽(yáng)版英語(yǔ)八上Chapter3Dealingwithtroubleword教案一

1、chapter 3【本講教育信息】一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：chapter 3: dealing with trouble: writing , more practice二. 重點(diǎn)句子：1. theres a funny smell coming from the kitchen. 從廚房里飄出一股古怪的味道。(1) coming from the kitchen 是一個(gè)v.-ing短語(yǔ), 修飾smell. 當(dāng)v.-ing 短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 必須放在被修飾詞的后面，作后置定語(yǔ)。v.-ing作定語(yǔ)時(shí), 表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行。 e. g.： in our class, there is a girl comi

2、ng from canada. 我們班上有一個(gè)來(lái)自加拿大的女孩。 (表主動(dòng)：coming這一動(dòng)作由girl主動(dòng)發(fā)出)there is someone calling you . 有人在叫你。(表主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行，calling 由someone主動(dòng)且正在發(fā)出。)(2) 表示被動(dòng)時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞的ed形式構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。in taiwan, there is a pop group called s. h. e. 在臺(tái)灣, 有一個(gè)叫s. h. e. 的流行組合。 (表被動(dòng), called 這一動(dòng)作不是由group主動(dòng), 而是被別人稱為)there is a bomb fixed under th

3、e car. 這臺(tái)車下面裝了一顆炸彈。 (表被動(dòng), bomb是被人裝在車下的. )2. how much do they charge for making photocopies. 復(fù)印它們要收多少錢?句中動(dòng)詞charge表示：要價(jià)，收費(fèi)，所用的結(jié)構(gòu)是：charge (sth. )+ 錢數(shù)+for sth. 或for doing sth., 表示：為某人或某事向(某人)收錢。 e. g. ： nasa charges 20 million dollars for a private space travel. 一次私人太空旅行美國(guó)航天局要收取2000萬(wàn)美元的費(fèi)用。they charged m

4、e 100 yuan for fixing the computer. 修這臺(tái)電腦他們收了我100塊錢。how much would they charge us for such a little thing? 就這么個(gè)小玩意兒, 他們會(huì)收我們多少錢?3. i went to the park for some exercise, 我到公園去鍛煉。went to the park for some exercise 表示：去公園鍛煉。其中介詞for表示目的，后面可接不同的名詞，表示不同的目的。e. g. ： we want to go out for a barbecue in the ev

5、ening. 晚上我們想去吃燒烤。in the olympic games, everyone goes for a gold medal. 在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，每一個(gè)人都努力奪取金牌。句中exercise 表示：鍛煉，作不可數(shù)名詞, 用作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 e. g.： exercise is good for your health. 鍛煉對(duì)你的健康有益。4. tripped on something and fell. 在什么東西上絆了一下，跌倒了ktrip 在此處作動(dòng)詞，表示絆，絆倒，常與介詞on, over搭配。she tripped on the rope and fell.

6、她被繩子絆了一下，跌倒了。trip on/ over 也可以表示：在上犯錯(cuò)誤，出差錯(cuò)。student often trip on/ over this difficult question. 學(xué)生們經(jīng)常在這道難題上出錯(cuò)。5. dont worry . 表示：別擔(dān)心，用于安慰別人。 dont worry . you will be ok. 別擔(dān)心，你會(huì)沒(méi)事的。當(dāng)表示：別為某人或某事?lián)臅r(shí)，用dont worry about sb. /sth. 的句型mdont worry about me. im ok. 別為我擔(dān)心，我沒(méi)事。6. let me take you to the hospital.

7、 我來(lái)把你送到醫(yī)院去。在以let 開(kāi)頭的祈使句中, 除了常用的lets. 句型外，let 后面還可以跟其他人稱代詞或名詞，再接一個(gè)原形動(dòng)詞，表示：讓某人做某事，即 let sb. do sth. e. g.： let him do it. 讓他做這件事吧。let jim have a rest. 讓吉姆休息一下。take to表示：把某人或某物拿到某處去。e. g.： please take this boy to the police station. 請(qǐng)把這個(gè)男孩帶到警察局去。could you take the cd to mary, please? 請(qǐng)把這張cd帶給瑪麗好么?7. he

8、 quickly helped me to get into his car and drove to the nearest hospital. 他迅速地幫助我上了車, 向最近的醫(yī)院開(kāi)去。表示幫助某人做某事，用help sb. to do sth. 的結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的動(dòng)詞不定式，可以帶to，也可以不帶to，sb. 可以是名詞，也可以是人稱代詞，當(dāng)是人稱代詞時(shí)，必須用賓格，do 表示要用動(dòng)詞原形。e. g.： please help this old man to get on the bus. 請(qǐng)幫助這位老人上公共汽車。mary helps her mother to do the housew

9、ork everyday. 瑪麗每天幫助母親做家務(wù)。drive to +地點(diǎn)名詞，表示：開(kāi)車送某人去某地。當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的詞是副詞時(shí)，介詞to 不可再用。he will drive you to the airport . 他將開(kāi)車送你去機(jī)場(chǎng)。i want to go shopping at the supermarket. can you drive me there?我想去超市購(gòu)物，你可以開(kāi)車送我去那兒么?8. i looked round but the driver had already left. 我環(huán)顧四周, 而那位司機(jī)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。該句中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞looked 和left , 分別表

10、示兩個(gè)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 但一個(gè)在先, 一個(gè)在后. 后面發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)looked, 先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去完成時(shí) had left. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的基本構(gòu)成為： 主語(yǔ)+had +過(guò)去分詞i knew he had gone home . 我知道他已經(jīng)回家了。(had gone 發(fā)生在knew 之前)he hurried to the airport but the plane had taken off. 他趕到了機(jī)場(chǎng)，但是飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。(had taken off發(fā)生在hurried之前)9. feel much better表示感覺(jué)好多了。句中的feel作表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，后面要接表示感

11、覺(jué)的形容詞，常用的有：sorry, happy, sad, tired, thirsty, hungry, hot, cold等。e. g.： i feel sorry about that . 對(duì)此我感到很抱歉。the children feel very happy at the party. 在聚會(huì)上，孩子們感覺(jué)很開(kāi)心。mary feels sad. her boyfriend is going out for a long time. 瑪麗很傷心，她的男朋友要外出很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。i feel thirsty . i would like a cup of tea. 我覺(jué)得口渴，我想喝杯茶

12、。better 是well的比較級(jí)。在形容詞比較級(jí)的前面可以用一些副詞修飾，加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，表示：更得多，這些副詞包括：much , even, far, still, a lot 等。jim is much taller than tom. 吉姆比湯姆高多了。this picture is far better than that one. 這幅畫(huà)比那一幅好多了。10. he helped me when i need it most. 在我最需要幫助的時(shí)候他幫助了我。when i need it most表示：在我最需要幫助的時(shí)候。其中的代詞it 指代詞前的he helped me. most

13、是副詞 much的最高級(jí)，修飾動(dòng)詞need, 表示需要的程度。what do you need most? 你最需要什么？she likes ice cream most. 她最喜歡冰淇淋。11. could someone help me to find him , please?請(qǐng)問(wèn)有人可以幫我找到他么？could 是can 的過(guò)去式。但could 在此處并不表示時(shí)態(tài)，而是表示有禮貌的請(qǐng)求或委婉的提出問(wèn)題。could 比can提出的請(qǐng)求更委婉，更客氣。could you wait for a moment? 請(qǐng)您等我一會(huì)好么？could you come to my birthday pa

14、rty? 您能來(lái)參加我的生日宴會(huì)么？對(duì)這類問(wèn)題的肯定回答有：sure, certainly, 或 of course. 二. 重點(diǎn)詞組：1. at that moment 是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示：就在那時(shí)，相當(dāng)于just then, 用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。i heard a scream at that moment . 就在那時(shí)，我聽(tīng)到一聲尖叫。注意它與at the moment 的區(qū)別. at the moment 表示：此時(shí)，目前，用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。i have nothing to do at the moment. 現(xiàn)在我無(wú)事可干。2. lie in bed

15、表示：人躺在床上, 臥床休息, bed 前面不用定冠詞the . e. g.： tom hurts his leg. he is lying in bed. 湯姆腿傷了，正在臥床休息. (lying 是lie 的現(xiàn)在分詞)表示： 躺在上, 通常用lie on +名詞，該名詞前面要用定冠詞the. dont lie on the street. 別躺在街上。lying on the beach is fun. 躺在沙灘上很好玩。3. as soon as possible. 是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，表示盡快地，常在句中作狀語(yǔ)。e. g.： she wants to buy a new cell phone

16、as soon as possible. 她想盡快買一部新手機(jī)。三. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事件， 常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago, 含有be動(dòng)詞的句子， 將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，am, is的過(guò)去式為was，are的過(guò)去式為werei was at the butchers. you were a student a year ago. the teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. 變疑問(wèn)句將be動(dòng)詞移動(dòng)到句首were you

17、at the butcherwere you a student a year ago?was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動(dòng)詞后面加noti was not at the butchers. you were not a student a year ago. the teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. 肯定回答/否定回答yes, i was. no, i was not. yes, you were. no, you were not. yes, he/she was. no, he/she was not. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：what did you do?(必背不含有be動(dòng)詞的句子，將動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檫^(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式構(gòu)成見(jiàn)附錄i finished my homework yesterday. the boy went to a restaurant. the sawyers lived at king street a year ago. 變疑問(wèn)句在句首加did，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵蝑id you finish your homework yesterday?did the boy go to a restaurant?did t