英語語法英語現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞

1、非謂語動詞,Non-finite,非謂語動詞的類型:,Infinitive 不定式,Gerund 動名詞,Participle 分詞,Non-finite,-ing 分詞,-ed 分詞,-ing分詞(以make為例 ),-ed 分詞,Having made,making,being made,Having been made,made,X,X,X,分詞在句中承擔(dān)的成分:,由于分詞具有形容詞性和副詞性,在句子中不能充當(dāng)具有名詞特征的主語和賓語.,1.作定語,-the sun which is rising,-ing分詞和-ed分詞修飾名詞有 前置位 Having done Having been

2、 done e.g. 1.Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful. 2. Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing.,More exercises,+ 主句,（強(qiáng)調(diào)時間先后）,1)The president promised to keep all the board members_ (inform) of how the negotiations were going on 2)_(be) there more than once, t

3、he old professor offered to show us around the newly-built library. 3)_(invite)to go to camping, Paul ordered a new sleeping bag 4)_ (not know) his telephone number, she lost touch with him.,informed,Having been,Having been invited,Not knowing,分詞的邏輯主語: 分詞的邏輯主語一般為_,但當(dāng)分詞的動作執(zhí)行者和句子的動作執(zhí)行者不一致時，分詞前必須有自己的主語

4、，e.g. If weather permits, we will have a field trip. Weather permitting, well have a field trip tomorrow 這被稱為_。 時間允許,我們將在去杭州的路上順道看一下我叔叔. Time permitting, we will visit my uncle on my way to Hangzhou.,主句的主語,分詞的獨立結(jié)構(gòu),*但有些分詞作狀語屬習(xí)慣用法，分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語可以不一致。 如：Judging from the expression on his face, he had f

5、ailed the driving test again Generally speaking ,girls are more careful than boys . 類似的還有: Speaking of Talking of ,高考題,1.The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.(2004) A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2.The disc, digitally _ in the studio

6、, sounded fantastic at the party that night.(2004) A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 3. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.(2003) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken,B,B,A,4._ a reply, he decided to

7、write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,5.Before _, the machine must be checked. being used B. using it C. being used to D. using,A,6._ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in the sky and _ them

8、 light. A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving,D,1._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose,C,“陷入深思”有兩種表達(dá)法， A. Lose oneself in thought B. be lost in thought,綜合練習(xí),5) Victor apologized his_ (not be) able to inform

9、 me of the change in the plan. 6) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home,_ (exhaust). 7) The discovery of new evidence led to the thief_ (catch). 8) Generally_ (speak), When _(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. 9) She will tell us why she feels so str

10、ongly that each of us has a role_ (play) in making the earth a better place_ (live).,not being,exhausted,being caught,speaking,taken,to play,to play,10 ) Though_ (lack) money, his parents managed_ (send) him to university. 11) - How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the custo

11、mers? - The key_ (solve) the problem is _(meet) the demand _(make) by the customers. 12) With a lot of difficult problems_ (settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 13) _ (suffer) such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late_ (clear) up the river. 14) Do let your mother_(k

12、now) all the truth. She appears_ (tell) everything.,lacking,to send,to solving,to meet,made,to settle,Having suffered,to clear,know,to have been told,16) Sandy could do nothing but_ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. 17) Mr. Reed made up his mind _(devote) all he had to_ (set) up some schools

13、 for poor children. 18) One learns a language by_ (make) mistakes and_ (correct) them. 19) Ive worked with children before, so I know what_ (expect) in my new job. 20) Tony was very unhappy for_ (not invite) to the party.,admit,to devote,setting,making,correcting,to expect,not having been invited,21

14、)_ (give) the general state of his health, it may take him a while_ (recover) from the operation. 22) There are five pairs of shoes_ (choose) from, but Im at a loss which_ (buy). 23) Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ (pay) by the hour. 24) What worried the child most was his_ (not allow) vis

15、it his mother in the hospital 25 ) He claimed_ (treat) in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.,Given,to recover,to choose,to buy,paid,not being allowed,to have badly treated,26) _ (fetch) water before breakfast seemed to me a rule never_ (break). 27) While_ (shop), people sometimes

16、cant help _(persuade) into buying something they dont really need. 28) She looks forward every spring to_ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. 29) Once your business becomes international, _(fly) constantly will part of your life 30) The little time we have together we try_ (spend) wisely.,To fetch,to be broken,shopping,being persuaded,walking,flying,to spend,1)I meant to buy an evening paper, but I didnt see anyone _(sell) them. 2)Just now I saw a man_ (walk) in the street, with a little girl _(seat) on his shoulder 3)The lady would lov