中考介詞、連詞復(fù)習(xí)(精品課件).ppt

1、初三英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) 介詞、連詞,介詞考點(diǎn),1.了解介詞的定義：是一個(gè)虛詞，表示詞語間語義關(guān)系的詞叫介詞，介詞用于名詞或名詞詞組或相當(dāng)于名詞詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)前。 2.熟悉介詞的結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞不能單獨(dú)使用作句子成份，必須和名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語；如果用在動(dòng)詞前，則動(dòng)詞必須用動(dòng)名詞形式。如：thank sb.for doing sth.； what about doing sth.；without doing sth等；介詞短語在句中一般可作定語、狀語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等。例如：,1 The girl in red is my sister. (定語） attributive 2 Tom will

2、 be back in two hours.(狀語) adverbial 3 My pen-friend is from America.(表語) predicative 4 Help yourself to some fish. (賓語補(bǔ)足語) object complement,表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞 Prepositions of place,at ,in, on at (1)表示在小地方; (2)表示“在附近，旁邊” in (1)表示 在大地方; (2)表示“在范圍之內(nèi)”。 on 表示在某物的表面，“在上面”。,中考鏈接,1 The group of soldiers arrived _

3、a small town _ a rainy morning.（08常州） A. at; on B. at; in C. in; on D. in; in 2 Is the tie made_ silk?(08連云港) Yes. Its made_Italy. A. from; in B. of; in C. from; of D. of; from,A,B,2) above, over, on 的區(qū)別（在上面） above 指位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，與 below相對(duì) over 也指位置高于某物，但在正上方，與under相對(duì) on 表示一個(gè)物體在另一個(gè)物體上面并與之接觸。For ex

4、ample: 1 The bird is flying _ my head. 2 There is a bridge _ the river. 3 He put up the picture _ the wall. 4 Lily lives on the top floor. Tom lives two floors _her. 5 We put shoes _the bed when sleeping.,表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞,3) in front of, in the front of的區(qū)別 in front of意為“在前面”，指甲物在乙物之前，兩者互不包 括；其反義是behind（在的后

5、面） in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的內(nèi)部.反義是at the back of（在范圍內(nèi)后部) 1 There are some big trees _the building. 2 The teacher is standing_the classroom. 3 I cant see my ball. It may be _the door. 4 She often feels sick on the bus, so she cant sit _the bus.,表示地點(diǎn)位置的介詞,表示時(shí)間的介詞 in , on，at,1)in , on，at 在時(shí)間 i

6、n表示較長時(shí)間，如世紀(jì)、朝代、年、季節(jié)、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如：in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。 on表示具體到某一天及其早、中、晚。如on May 1st, on Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon，on Christmas Day at表示某一時(shí)刻或較短

7、暫的時(shí)間，或不帶Day的節(jié)日前等。如at 3:00, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas， at night, at noon等。 注意：在last, next, this, that，every 等詞修飾 的時(shí)間之前一律不用介詞。如：We meet every day.,中考鏈接,1. Nanjing is a beautiful city. It won China Human Habitat Environment Prize _ 2008.(09南

8、京) A. atB. on C. in D. by 2 Lets play table tennis _ Tuesday morning, shall we?（09河北） A. on B. in C. to D. at 3 Well have a hiking trip, but when shall we meet?Lets make it _ half past eight _ the morning of June 21. A. at; in B. /; on C. /; in D. about; by,C,A,B,4 _May 27th, 2008, millions of peopl

9、e watched the Beijing Olympic Torch Relay in Nanjing.（08南京） A. On B. In C. At D. For 5 I made a special card for my father _ Fathers Day this year.（08泰州） A. in B. at C. on D. during 6 When did your uncle arrive China? He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. (09廣州） A. at; in B. in; in C

10、. to; on D. in; on,A,C,D,2) in, after 在之后 “in +段時(shí)間”表示將來的一段時(shí)間以后；用將來時(shí) “after+段時(shí)間”表示過去的一段時(shí)間以后；= 段時(shí)間+later， 用一般過去時(shí)。 “after+點(diǎn)時(shí)間”表示將來的某一時(shí)刻以后 1 She returned to school _ two days. =Two days _, she returned to school. 2 -How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? -_. （07南通） A. In three days B. After three day

11、s C. In three days time D. After three days time,表示時(shí)間的介詞 in, after,C,3 since表示從過去某點(diǎn)開始的時(shí)間段持續(xù)至說話時(shí)刻，因此通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 for 跟一段時(shí)間連用，表示持續(xù)多久，通常也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 For example: He has taught in the school _four years ago. = He has taught in the school _ four years.,表示時(shí)間的介詞since ,for,1 Your French is so good. How long have

12、 you been in France? （09常州） _ 2002. A. Until B. Since C. When D. Before,B,表運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的介詞prepositions of movement：,across, through 通過，穿過 across表示橫過,即從物體表面通過與on有關(guān)； through穿過,即從物體內(nèi)部穿過與in有關(guān)。 中考鏈接： Be careful! The traffic light is red. You mustnt go_the street now.（08鎮(zhèn)江） A. in B. along C. on D. across,D,across

13、 through He can swim _ the river safely. He looked _ the window just now. .Be careful when you _ _ the road. =Be careful when you _ the road They have walked _ the forest.,across,through,cross,walk across,through,表示“在之間”的介詞,between, among between指在兩個(gè)人或兩個(gè)事物之間； among指在三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間。,中考鏈接 1. Guess, ho

14、w much does it cost?(09廣州) I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with 2 Our English teacher was standing_us so that she could hear us all clearly.(08南通) A. away from B. far behind C. between D. among,D,B,表示其他意義的介詞by, with, in,by, with, in 表示通過方法、手段、工具 by 以方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具

15、with 表示用 工具，一般接具體的工具和手段；還表示“帶著，和”等意思，反義：without. in 表示用方式，用語言,語調(diào)、顏色等； He often goes to school _bus. 2. Justin opened the door _ a knife. Can you say the word _ English? 4 He said _ a low voice, “Youre wrong”.,中考鏈接,1 You can improve your English _ reading more.（08徐州） A. in B. with C. by D. of 2 Yeste

16、rday morning Tom hurried to class _ his schoolbooks, so he had to share Marys.（07南通） A. without B. for C. with D: past,C,A,表示其他意義的介詞except, besides,3) except, besides 除了 except 除之外，不包括在內(nèi)；besides 除之外，包括在內(nèi)。 中考鏈接： Mr Lin gave the textbooks to all the students _ the ones who had already taken them.(09無錫

17、) A. except B. including C. among D. with,Conjunction 連詞,還記得這些連詞的意思嗎？,并列 連詞： 1 并列關(guān)系：and, bothand,not onlybut also, neithernor; 2 選擇關(guān)系：or; eitheror 3 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, while,however 4 因果關(guān)系：for, so,從屬連詞：引導(dǎo)從句 1 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句：after, before, when, while, as, till, until, since, as soon as. 2 條件：if, unless 3 原因：becaus

18、e, as, since 4 目的：so that, in order that 5 讓步：though, although, even if. 6 結(jié)果： sothat; suchthat 7 比較：than, asas 8 名詞從句：that, if , whether,并列連詞：eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also的注意點(diǎn)： 這三個(gè)連詞詞組都可連接兩個(gè)并列成分。當(dāng)它們連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要隨相鄰的主語變化（就近原則）： 1 Either you or he_(be) wrong. 2 Neither he nor his children

19、_(like) fish. 3 Not only the teacher but also the students _(want) to buy the book.,中考鏈接：,1 _ Tom _ Mary speaks good Chinese, so they can communicate with these Chinese students very well.09蘭州 A.Neither, nor B. Not only, but also C.Both, and D.Either, or 2 -I hear _ your grandpa _ your grandma like

20、watching Min Opera. -Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou.（09福州） A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also,B,A,if和whether的區(qū)別：,1 都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)：意為：是否。一般可互換。 2 if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)：if意思為“如果”。當(dāng)主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來時(shí)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。,中考鏈接,1 I have the key to the front door. My parent wont wait for me if

21、I _ back late.（09徐州） A. come B. will come C. am coming D. have come 2 -Excuse me, could you take care of my little dog for me?（09鎮(zhèn)江） -_. I _ it if it doesnt rain after supper. A. Sorry; will walk B. My pleasure; will walk C. Im sure; walk D. Im afraid not; walk,A,B,3 Perhaps Im going to the market. Would you get me some juice_youre there? （08南通） A. since B. as C. if D. after 4 I dont know if he _ tomorrow. I will call you if he _ here. A will come, comes B. comes, co