英語(yǔ)單詞辨析大全

1、最新英語(yǔ)單詞辨析大全1.wake可作動(dòng)詞表示喚醒,常用的有wake up 也有wake (up) to 結(jié)構(gòu),表示“醒來(lái)時(shí)注意到”,也可做名詞,短語(yǔ)in the wake of 有“作為.的結(jié)果（通常指不好的）”的意思,以及in sbs/sths wake 表示“緊跟后面”。2.waken只能做動(dòng)詞,是醒來(lái)的意思。3.awake表示adj.時(shí)只能做表語(yǔ),也是說(shuō)只能連在be動(dòng)詞后面用,而不是修飾名詞,即be awake (醒著的),此外還有keep awake 結(jié)構(gòu),表示“讓人無(wú)法入睡”,以及be awake sb to 表示“注意到”,當(dāng)用作v.時(shí),有awake to 結(jié)構(gòu),表示“使醒悟”。4

2、.awaken只能用作動(dòng)詞,表示“激發(fā)起,使醒來(lái)”,常用結(jié)構(gòu)有 awaken sb to 表示“使領(lǐng)悟”。5.arouse只能用作動(dòng)詞,表示“引起、激起”常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有arouse from也是“喚醒”的意思。 這一組動(dòng)詞都有獲得，取得的意思。1.cquire v.多指經(jīng)過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等，也可用于對(duì)財(cái)物等的獲得，該詞強(qiáng)調(diào)一經(jīng)獲得就會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持有的含義。It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，個(gè)人才得以獲得應(yīng)付各種情況的

3、習(xí)慣做法。2.attain v.指經(jīng)過(guò)不懈的努力獲得未曾預(yù)料到的結(jié)果；也可指達(dá)到某一目標(biāo)。The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.這名銷售員完成了當(dāng)月的銷售目標(biāo)。3.obtain v.獲得，買到，用于正式語(yǔ)體中。He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通過(guò)向銀行貸款買下了那份房產(chǎn)。4.gain v.指通過(guò)較大努力獲得某種利益或好處；亦可指軍事上的武力奪取等。An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投資者通過(guò)所買股

4、票價(jià)格上漲而得利潤(rùn)。5.earn v.掙得，贏得，指因工作等而得到報(bào)酬或待遇。How much do you earn a week?你一星期掙多少錢？6.achieve v.得到，獲得，多指成就、目標(biāo)、幸福的取得。The movie star achieved success and wealth.這個(gè)影星取得了成功和財(cái)富。7.secure v.得到；把拿到手，含有肯定占有難以得到的東西之意；使安全，保衛(wèi)；作形容詞比較常見，意為安全的。A million signatures have been secured.已征集到了100萬(wàn)人的簽名。He secured the office befo

5、re leaving it for the night.他晚上離開前鎖好了辦公室的門窗。這一組形容詞都有嚴(yán)重的，重要的意思。1.acute a.劇烈的，嚴(yán)重的；急性的(病)。An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品嚴(yán)重缺乏，伊拉克人民正在忍饑挨餓。2.critical a.意為關(guān)鍵的，表示處于極度缺乏的狀態(tài)或事件的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，與crucial相似。與crucial的區(qū)別在于它對(duì)缺乏的或危急的程度有更準(zhǔn)確的衡量；還指批判性的，分析性的。It is critical that you study hard for the e

6、xam or you will fail it.為了考好你必須用功學(xué)習(xí)，否則你會(huì)不及格的。3.crucial a.意為決定性的，緊要關(guān)頭的，至關(guān)重要的，最為籠統(tǒng)，適用于上述兩種情況。Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消費(fèi)者信心的增強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇是至關(guān)重要的。4.urgent a.意為緊迫的，急迫的，緊要的，它不強(qiáng)調(diào)所指的問(wèn)題是最重要的，僅強(qiáng)調(diào)緊急的狀態(tài)。We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water.我們急需要幫助，我們的水就快

7、要用光了。這九個(gè)動(dòng)詞都含有調(diào)整、改變的意思。1.adjust v.一般指很小的改變或技術(shù)性的調(diào)整；修理。I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool.我調(diào)節(jié)了空調(diào)以保持涼爽。2.regulate v.指根據(jù)規(guī)定或需要對(duì)某物(機(jī)器、鐘表等)進(jìn)行調(diào)整或調(diào)節(jié)，使之準(zhǔn)確工作或運(yùn)行；多含有控制之意。Lights are used to regulate the traffic.紅綠燈被用來(lái)管制交通。3.rectify v.糾正，校正(錯(cuò)誤、文章、合同等)。He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing i

8、ts wording.他通過(guò)改變措辭糾正了合同里的錯(cuò)誤。4.amend v. (正式用語(yǔ))指修改文件、法律、規(guī)范等。The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家們修正了這項(xiàng)法律以提供更多的就業(yè)。5.convert v.改變某事物的形式或用途，還可以指改變信仰尤其是宗教信仰。Britain converted to a decimal currency system in 1971.英國(guó)于1971年改用十進(jìn)制貨幣體系。Hes converted to Catholicism.他已經(jīng)皈依天主教。6.alter v.使事物在外觀、性

9、質(zhì)、用途等方面稍作改變。The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight.裁縫修改了我的褲腰因?yàn)樗o了。7.modify v.改變，修改，以使某物更趨完善，還可以用來(lái)表示態(tài)度、脾氣、意見變得溫和。He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗聲大氣，脾氣暴躁；朋友們告訴他要改變自己的舉止。8.transform v.指徹底、深遠(yuǎn)的改變，這種變化完全改變了外觀或特性，使被改變的對(duì)象脫胎換骨。Remodeli

10、ng transformed an old, dark housesintosa cheerful one.重新裝修使這所陳舊昏暗的房子變得賞心悅目。9.vary v.強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有一定規(guī)則、陸續(xù)的變化或差異。Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的機(jī)票價(jià)格各不相同。這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有承認(rèn)的意思1.admit v.指由于說(shuō)服、再三追問(wèn)而承認(rèn)某一事實(shí)或過(guò)錯(cuò)I admit that you have a point.我承認(rèn)你有理。2.confess v.供認(rèn)(罪行、過(guò)錯(cuò)等)，含有坦白、招認(rèn)的意思。He confessed his crimes to t

11、he judge.他向法官供認(rèn)了他的罪行。3.concede v.指曾想隱瞞或不愿意承認(rèn)某一錯(cuò)誤，但由于證據(jù)確鑿而不得不勉強(qiáng)承認(rèn)，還可以指以退為進(jìn)的承認(rèn)。The man who caused the accident finally conceded to the police that he had done it.造成這次交通事故的人最終向警察承認(rèn)他是肇事人.這一組動(dòng)詞都有附加的意思。1.affiliate v.加入，成為一部分。an affiliated middle school一所附屬中學(xué)2.link v.將人或物連接起來(lái)。The crowd linked arms to form

12、a barrier.群眾臂挽著臂組成人墻。3.attach v.將某物系在、貼在、附在另一物上。I attached a note to my report with a paper clip.我用別針將一張字條別在報(bào)告的后面。4.append v.增加，附加(與attach的意思比較接近)。The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律師在合同后又附加了兩頁(yè)。這一組動(dòng)詞都有聲稱的意思。1.affirm v.堅(jiān)信不疑地肯定或宣稱，是deny的反義詞。He affirmed his love for her.他發(fā)誓愛她。2.assert

13、v.指不管事實(shí)如何，主觀自信地宣稱，或者清楚有力地堅(jiān)持某個(gè)情況為事實(shí)。She asserted that she was innocent .她宣稱自己是無(wú)辜的。3.allege v.在無(wú)真憑實(shí)據(jù)的情況下宣稱、斷定。The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.嫌疑犯聲稱案發(fā)時(shí)他不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。4.claim v.要求，聲稱，斷言。多指根據(jù)某種規(guī)定提出的要求或主張。They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to wo

14、rk there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city.他們生成如果有更多的人騎自行車上班的話，鬧市區(qū)的汽車就會(huì)有所減少。5.announce v.宣布，宣告。多指首次當(dāng)眾正式宣布某一主張或態(tài)度，常常帶有預(yù)告的意味。The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge.印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明宣告了知識(shí)普及時(shí)代的來(lái)臨。6.proclaim v.宣布；宣告(成立)。指經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮后向大眾宣布一個(gè)明確的決定或判斷，尤其指重大事件的宣

15、布，多用于官方場(chǎng)合。The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came.當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)來(lái)臨的時(shí)候總統(tǒng)宣布進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)。這一組動(dòng)詞都有加強(qiáng)的意思。1.aggravate v.加重(負(fù)擔(dān)、罪行、病情等)，使之惡化。I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的腳受傷了，而過(guò)早的下地走路又加重了傷情。2.reinforce v.增援，一般用于軍隊(duì)或警察的行動(dòng)；(以添加材料等)加固。A police officer saw three thieves robbing a

16、 bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三個(gè)盜賊搶劫銀行，用無(wú)線電話要求增援。3.increase v.指數(shù)量上的增加。The number of people has been increased.人數(shù)增加了。4.strengthen v.加強(qiáng)，鞏固，增強(qiáng)，相當(dāng)于to become stronger。Exercising every day strengthens the heart.每天鍛煉可以提高心臟的功能。Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather t

17、han corrupt it.人們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加強(qiáng)了民族性而不是破壞了它。5.intensify v.使變得更強(qiáng)烈、劇烈，加劇，相當(dāng)于to become more intense or ensify colors加深色彩intensify hatred加深仇恨。這一組形容詞都表示小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的。1.alert a.警惕的，留神的。The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests drinking need.女主人一直站在旁邊，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備給大家斟酒。2.cautious a.細(xì)心的，謹(jǐn)慎的。He has a cautio

18、us attitude about spending money.在花錢的問(wèn)題上他態(tài)度謹(jǐn)慎。3.considerate a.關(guān)心他人的，體貼的。He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他總是很體諒他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。這一組形容詞都跟活有關(guān)。1.alive a.活著的，有活力的，常作表語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)必須后置。After the accident, he was barely alive.交通事故后，他奄奄一息。all man alive所有活著的人2.live a.活的，有活力的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的，We wat

19、ched the live broadcast of the opera on TV.我們通過(guò)電視觀看了這部歌劇的實(shí)況。3.living a.活著的，作定語(yǔ)可前可后，可修飾人也可修飾物。Who is the worlds greatest living artist?誰(shuí)是現(xiàn)在還健在的世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家？living room起居室4.lively a.活潑的，栩栩如生的。She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是個(gè)活潑可愛的小姑娘，總是歡聲笑語(yǔ)忙個(gè)不停。這一組動(dòng)詞都有減少，減輕的意思。1.alleviate

20、v.在痛苦方面的減輕，緩和The painkiller alleviated the pain.止疼藥減緩了疼痛。2.diminish v.指因?yàn)椴粩嘞?，在?shù)量方面緩慢減少，也指在素質(zhì)或者價(jià)值的下降。The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)石油的供應(yīng)減少了。3.reduce v.指人為地使某物在數(shù)量或重量方面的減少或降低。He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他縮減了他們的開銷。4.decrease v.指數(shù)量上的減少；力量或者強(qiáng)度的減弱。The populati

21、on decreased a lot last year.去年人口數(shù)量急劇下降。5.decline v. (數(shù)目、價(jià)格、比率)下降；謝絕，婉言推辭；衰退，衰落。Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明顯下降。He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我們請(qǐng)他吃飯的邀請(qǐng)。這一組動(dòng)詞都有分開的意思。1.allocate v.分配，把撥給。The city government allocated money for schools and the police i

22、n this years budget.市政府在今年的預(yù)算中給學(xué)校和警察部門分配了資金。2.separate v.人為地分開，使隔離開。We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks.我們把沙拉叉與餐叉分隔開。3.detach v.拆開組合的物體；遠(yuǎn)離，疏遠(yuǎn)。We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall.我們需要一名木匠將書架從墻上拆下來(lái)。4.divide v.指將整體分為若干個(gè)部分。The huge corporation dividedsintossmaller c

23、ompanies.這家特大公司分成一些較小的公司。這一組形容詞都有模糊的意思。1.ambiguous a.意義含糊的，有歧義的，指因字、詞、句有歧義而使人感到模糊不清、難以理解和把握。His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱兩可的指導(dǎo)使我們很迷惑以至于我們不知道該走哪條路了。2.obscure a.用于表達(dá)因光線不足而使人看不清楚。該詞的引申意義可以表示語(yǔ)法、文字、記憶等因復(fù)雜、深?yuàn)W、模棱兩可而使人看不懂和無(wú)法理解。The poetry of Ezra Po

24、und is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾茲拉龐德的詩(shī)有時(shí)候難以理解，因?yàn)樵?shī)歌中含有許多令人費(fèi)解的典故。3.vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意義，用來(lái)表示因邏輯關(guān)系不清、言辭籠統(tǒng)而導(dǎo)致的意義不清楚，該詞也可表示輪廓形狀的不清楚和模糊。He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但沒(méi)有具體的計(jì)劃。4.unclear a.指句意、字跡不清楚，使人難以

25、看懂；不肯定的。Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字跡使人難以辨認(rèn)。It is unclear whether the economy will get better.經(jīng)濟(jì)是否好轉(zhuǎn)仍不明朗。5.dim a.光線暗淡的，看不清的；記憶力模糊的；不大可能的。Dont work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光線下工作。His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康復(fù)的可能性十分渺茫。1.astonish是震驚，效果相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較強(qiáng)，2.amaze是不可思議，像amazing,就表示對(duì)一個(gè)

26、很神奇，很爽的事情的驚嘆。3.surprise,是使驚訝，效果比較適中，也很常用。4.wonder是好奇，想知道的意思。都有“遵守”的意思，但是它們的搭配不同。1.abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。I will abide by the director decision.我將遵從主任的決定。2.adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(當(dāng)然adhere一詞的其它意思如“堅(jiān)持；粘附”也經(jīng)常被考到。)Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽車司機(jī)必須遵守駕駛規(guī)則。3.conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。All ind

27、ividuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該遵守政府制訂的法律。4.comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服從”，用于正式的場(chǎng)合。Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我們公司遵守政府有關(guān)納稅的規(guī)定。這三個(gè)單詞都有“反常的”之意。1.abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕見)，指行為或現(xiàn)象(如氣候)的異常。His body temperature has been abnorm

28、al for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的體溫三天來(lái)一直都不正常，最高的時(shí)候達(dá)到40.5攝氏度。(盡管身體發(fā)燒不正常，但生活中也時(shí)有發(fā)生。)2.uncommon a.罕見的，不平常的，指很少經(jīng)歷或很少見到的狀況；特別的，出色的。Hurricanes are uncommon in England.颶風(fēng)在英國(guó)非常罕見。That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡質(zhì)量上乘，味道好極了！3.disordered a.混亂的，雜亂的；(精神或身體)

29、有病的。We couldnt understand her disordered presentation.我們聽不明白她條理不清的陳述。這一組動(dòng)詞都有“取消，除掉”的意思。1.abolish v.指對(duì)法律、習(xí)俗、制度的廢除；完全破壞。The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒稅。2.cancel v.對(duì)預(yù)先安排的某種活動(dòng)(如旅行、計(jì)劃、會(huì)議等)的取消；刪去(字、句)。The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.會(huì)議由于流感而取消了。3.eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已經(jīng)存在

30、但是現(xiàn)在不需要的東西。The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那個(gè)隊(duì)被淘汰了，不能參加下一階段的比賽。The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.醫(yī)生幫助他排出腸中毒素。4.dispose v.處理，處置；表示“除掉、扔掉”時(shí)常與of連用。(這一點(diǎn)需要注意。)After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后請(qǐng)清除掉垃圾。5.erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意識(shí)地除去字跡、聲音等。I erase

31、d the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁帶上錄音之前先消掉了上面的音樂(lè)。6.exclude v.排斥；排除，不包括在內(nèi)，與include互為反義詞。The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得進(jìn)入該餐館。7.extinguish v.熄滅，撲滅(火)；使沉默，使暗淡Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防隊(duì)員撲滅了大火。這一組名詞都有“要點(diǎn)，摘要”的意思。1

32、.abstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)論文或法律論據(jù)作的簡(jiǎn)述。I have read the abstract of his book.我已經(jīng)讀了他的書的概要。2.digest n. (篇幅較長(zhǎng)的)摘要，文摘，它是對(duì)原文的濃縮而不是對(duì)原文的簡(jiǎn)單解釋，濃縮后仍保持原文的順序、重點(diǎn)和風(fēng)格。Readers Digest讀者文摘3.outline n.要點(diǎn)，大綱，概要。She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要談的想法列了一個(gè)提綱。4.summary n.總結(jié)，摘要，指用寥寥數(shù)語(yǔ)概括文章或者講話的要

33、點(diǎn)，不考慮原文的風(fēng)格。這一組形容詞都有“愚蠢，可笑”的意思。1.absurd a.荒謬的，可笑的，指因不符合常識(shí)、違反真理或不合邏輯而令人發(fā)笑。There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有一種荒謬的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為地球呈扁平狀而且靜止不動(dòng)。2.ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因?yàn)橛廾翢o(wú)知而令人發(fā)笑并成為笑柄，含有蔑視成分。It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.僅僅根據(jù)一個(gè)國(guó)家的飲食來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)該國(guó)家的文化是荒唐可笑的。3.s

34、illy a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于單純或者頭腦簡(jiǎn)單而顯得愚蠢。a silly little boy傻小子這兩個(gè)形容詞都有“充足的”之意。1.abundant a. (數(shù)量)充足的，常用于人、物產(chǎn)、資源、雨量等，含有“過(guò)多”之意。Oil is in abundant supply in this country.這個(gè)國(guó)家石油供應(yīng)十分充裕。2.plentiful a.豐富的，充足的，常用于食物、收獲、財(cái)產(chǎn)等，不能用于時(shí)間、空間、思想等方面。Eggs are plentiful at this moment.現(xiàn)在雞蛋很多。這三個(gè)名詞意思相近，容易混淆。1.accent n.口音，指某一地區(qū)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)音

35、特征；重音。He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他講英語(yǔ)帶有西班牙口音。2.tone n.語(yǔ)氣，音調(diào)，指說(shuō)話人的口氣或聲音的高低、輕重等。He speaks to his baby in soft tones.他用柔和的語(yǔ)調(diào)和他的嬰兒說(shuō)話。3.dialect n.方言，土語(yǔ)，地方話，指一個(gè)地區(qū)人們所使用的語(yǔ)言。the Yorkshire dialect約克郡方言the Sichuan dialect四川方言這兩個(gè)詞為一組“形近易混詞”。1.access n.接近，進(jìn)入。The people living in these apartments hav

36、e free access to that swimming pool.住在這些公寓里的人可以免費(fèi)地進(jìn)入游泳池。2.assess v.評(píng)估(財(cái)產(chǎn)，價(jià)值)。I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我評(píng)估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少錢。這一組動(dòng)詞都有“提供”的意思。1.accommodate v.提供住宿、房間；適應(yīng)，迎合，遷就。This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.這家飯店可供500位來(lái)賓住宿。The company accommodated the customers

37、wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司滿足了顧客的愿望，連夜將貨物發(fā)了出去。2.afford v.負(fù)擔(dān)，支付；當(dāng)“提供”講時(shí)，多用于指抽象事物的提供。We cant afford that expensive sports car.我們買不起那輛昂貴的跑車。The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.從這幢高樓上可以看到大海的美麗景致。3.furnish v.指提供生活或某種用途所需要的東西。Reading furnishes the mind only with materials o

38、f knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.閱讀雖然為我們的思想提供了各種知識(shí)，然而只有思考才能將我們讀到的內(nèi)容變成自己的東西。這三個(gè)名詞都有“成就”的意思。1.accomplishment n.成功，成就；才藝，修養(yǎng)。Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.對(duì)于登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)，爬上了那座山就是成功。Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.畫畫得好只是她的許

39、多才能之一。2.attainment n.指學(xué)識(shí)和造詣(常用作復(fù)數(shù))；達(dá)到，到達(dá)。a scholar of the highest attainments造詣極高的學(xué)者3.achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”，或具體的“成績(jī)”，與accomplishment是同義詞。兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“控訴，指控”之意，但它們后面所搭配的介詞不同。1.accuse v.指控，控訴，與介詞of連用。The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盜竊罪。2.charge v.可以指因?yàn)樾″e(cuò)而受的責(zé)備，也指因違法而受到控告，與介詞with連用。The police charged

40、 him with murder.警察指控他犯了謀殺罪1.amplify v.擴(kuò)大，增加，尤其指通過(guò)增強(qiáng)電壓或電流使聲音擴(kuò)大；補(bǔ)充敘述(故事、事件等)。We must ask you to amplify your statement.我們得請(qǐng)你對(duì)你的說(shuō)法作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明。2.enlarge v.擴(kuò)大，多指具體物品如相片的放大。enlarge photograph放大照片enlarge a house擴(kuò)建房屋3.stretch v. (有彈性地)伸展，延伸，并有可能超過(guò)限度；伸長(zhǎng)、伸出(身體某部位)并繃緊肌肉(尤指在放松后或?yàn)榱藟蛑澄?。The pullover stretched after

41、 I had worn it a few times.這件套頭毛衣我穿了幾次之后就撐大了。Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, stretching themselves.完成了早間工作之后，職員們站到桌子后面伸伸懶腰。4.magnify v.放大，指用透鏡或顯微鏡使物體看上去大一些。His eyeglasses magnify words so he can read them.他借助眼睛把字放大以便能夠閱讀。5.reinforce v.增援，加固。6.expand v.指范圍、

42、體積的擴(kuò)大、增大，也可以指內(nèi)容或細(xì)節(jié)的充實(shí)。The balloon expanded, then exploded.氣球先是膨脹，然后就爆破了。這一組名詞都有憤怒、生氣的意思。1.anger n.氣憤，生氣，是一般用語(yǔ)。After their argument, he expressed his anger by punching the other man in the face.爭(zhēng)吵之后，他一拳打在那個(gè)人的臉上以發(fā)泄怒氣。2.fury n.暴怒，大怒，程度較anger要強(qiáng)3.indignation n.義憤，尤其指出于道義上的激憤。general indignation at the su

43、dden steep rise in bus fares公共汽車票價(jià)突然猛增激起的公憤4.resentment n.憤恨，怨恨，不滿，是正式用語(yǔ)，尤指由于受侮辱或自尊心受到傷害后而產(chǎn)生的憤慨。There was a feeling of resentment in the office after everyones pay was lowered.大家的工資降低后，辦公室里怨聲載道。這一組形容詞都有明顯的之意。1.apparent a.明顯的，顯而易見的，尤其指容易觀察到或認(rèn)識(shí)到的事物。He is very unhappy, and it is apparent that he wants

44、to leave now.他很不高興，顯然他現(xiàn)在想走了。2.evident a.明白的，明顯的，與apparent基本同意，多用于推理或由事實(shí)證明的事物。It is evident that he is guilty; his fingerprints were found at the crime scene.顯然他是有罪的，在犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的指紋。3.manifest a.清楚的，明顯的，多指根據(jù)外部特征或跡象便能看出或了解其意義，常作表語(yǔ)。Her ability is manifest, but she is not attractive.她才能出眾，但長(zhǎng)相并不動(dòng)人。4.obvious

45、 a.明顯的，顯而易見的，含有無(wú)可辯白，不需證明之意。It is obvious that that woman has had too much to drink.很顯然，那個(gè)婦女酒喝的太多了。5.distinct a.清楚的，明顯的；不同的，獨(dú)特的。修飾性質(zhì)明顯不同的東西。Medical care has made a distinct improvement in his health.治療已使他的健康有了明顯的好轉(zhuǎn)。1.applaud v.鼓掌，贊揚(yáng)，指因精湛表演或某種行為得到別人的贊許，大聲叫好或熱烈鼓掌。The boss applauded my efforts by praisi

46、ng my work.老板表?yè)P(yáng)了我的工作，對(duì)我的努力表示贊許。2.clap v.拍打，其用法是clap ones hand=applaud,不能說(shuō)applaud ones hands。clap sb.為某人鼓掌，clap sth.拍打某物3.commend v.為正式用詞，用于對(duì)具體功績(jī)或成就表示嘉獎(jiǎng)，通常指上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩的贊賞。The teacher commended the student for doing well on the exam.老師表?yè)P(yáng)學(xué)生們的考試成績(jī)優(yōu)異。4.praise v.為一般用詞，用于對(duì)某人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)表示欽佩羨慕；贊頌，贊美。A supervisor p

47、raised the employee for her good work.一位主管稱贊這位員工的工作做得不錯(cuò)。Survivors of the crash praised God for saving them.墜機(jī)事件的幸存者贊頌上帝使他們得救。這一組名詞都有區(qū)域的意思。1.area n.泛指面積較大的地區(qū)；面積；專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。The New York area has high rents.紐約地區(qū)房租很高。2.district n.行政區(qū)劃的小范圍地區(qū)。如Xicheng district北京西城區(qū)3.region n.行政區(qū)劃上更大的地區(qū)，如自治區(qū)；身體部位。The northeast r

48、egion of the USA includes New York and the six New England states.美國(guó)東北部包括紐約和新英格蘭地區(qū)的那六個(gè)州。4.vicinity n.周圍地區(qū)，附近地區(qū)。The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the vicinity.警察都十分警惕因?yàn)樘优艿淖锓妇筒卦诟浇貐^(qū)。5.zone n.指特定的地方、地帶。The city passed a law to create a business zone on some empty land.市政府通過(guò)法

49、律，在一些空地上開辟商業(yè)區(qū)。這一組名詞都表示會(huì)議的意思。1.assembly n.集合，集會(huì)。The assembly of students takes place in the auditorium.學(xué)生們?cè)诖蠖Y堂舉行集會(huì)。2.conference n. (專門性的)會(huì)議，討論會(huì)。The conference on international economic problems met in Geneva.關(guān)于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的會(huì)議在日內(nèi)瓦召開。3.congress n.代表大會(huì)，(美國(guó)的)國(guó)會(huì)。Congress passes laws that must be obeyed by the p

50、eople.美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)的法律，人民一定要遵守。4.rally n. (鼓舞士氣的)集會(huì)；群眾性集會(huì)。The football coach called a rally to build up the teams excitement for the next game.足球教練召開了一個(gè)動(dòng)員會(huì)，以便鼓舞士氣打好下次比賽。5.seminar n. (大學(xué)的)研究班，研討會(huì)。During summer vacations some teachers attend seminars at college.暑假里，一些教師在學(xué)院里參加研究班。6.session n. (一屆)會(huì)議，回合。the au

51、tumn session of Parliament議會(huì)的秋季會(huì)議7.summit n.最高級(jí)會(huì)議，峰會(huì)(通常為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人參加)。Next year, the summit will be held in Vienna.明年將在維也納舉行最高級(jí)會(huì)談。8.symposium n. (學(xué)術(shù)、科研方面的)座談會(huì)，專題報(bào)告會(huì)。The symposium on SARS research lasted two days.非典型性肺炎研究的研討會(huì)持續(xù)了兩天。這一組名詞都有評(píng)估的意思。1.assessment n.評(píng)估，估價(jià)，常常表示對(duì)于財(cái)產(chǎn)、價(jià)值的評(píng)估。We have a low assessment on

52、our property.我們對(duì)我們的資產(chǎn)評(píng)估很低。2.estimate n.估計(jì)，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)行評(píng)估得出的結(jié)果，常與動(dòng)詞give搭配。The mechanic gave me a rough estimate of two or three hundred dollars for the repairs to my car.機(jī)械師給我的汽車修理費(fèi)的粗略估計(jì)是200或300美元。3.evaluation n. (對(duì)于能力，價(jià)值、工作業(yè)績(jī)的)評(píng)價(jià)，估價(jià)，常帶有肯定的、正確的含義。He gave a positive evaluation of our scientific research.他對(duì)于我們

53、的科學(xué)研究給予了積極的評(píng)價(jià)。這一組詞都有聯(lián)合的意思。1.associate v.交往，結(jié)交；聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想。多指平等友好的合作，后接with，表示與某人交往或合作，后接in表示在某個(gè)方面合作。We associate with our neighbors at church.在教堂里，我們同鄰居交往。2.ally v.使結(jié)盟，使聯(lián)姻，多與with搭配。Several political parties allied with each other against higher taxes.幾個(gè)政治黨派聯(lián)合起來(lái)反對(duì)提高稅收。3.combine v.聯(lián)合，化合，混合，多指為了某個(gè)目的將不同的人或物混合

54、而成一個(gè)整體。The girl combined sugar, butter, and flour to made the dough.小姑娘把糖、黃油和面粉混合到一起做成面團(tuán)。4.unite v.聯(lián)合，合并，團(tuán)結(jié)，尤指不同的事物或人組成統(tǒng)一體，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果的一致性。The nation united against its enemy.國(guó)民團(tuán)結(jié)一致共同對(duì)敵。這一組形容詞都有普通的意思。1.average a.普通的，一般的，它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一般水準(zhǔn)或普通水準(zhǔn)；通常在有數(shù)字出現(xiàn)的情況下，表示平均的。The average runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.跑步者15分鐘內(nèi)平均跑兩英里。