輕型卡車離合器設計說明書[帶圖紙].doc

中文題目：重型載貨汽車啟動離合器及輔助系統(tǒng)設計外文題目：畢業(yè)設計（論文）共68頁（其中：外文文獻及譯文16頁）圖紙共4張完成日期2011年6月答辯日期2011年6月I摘要離合器是汽車傳動系中直接與發(fā)動機相連接的總成，其主要功用是切斷和實現對傳動系的動力傳遞，保證汽車起步時將發(fā)動機與傳動系平順地接合，確保汽車平穩(wěn)起步；在換擋時將發(fā)動機與傳動系分離，減少變速器中換擋齒輪之間的沖擊；在工作中受到大的動載荷時，能限制傳動系所承受的最大轉矩，防止傳動系各零件因過載而損壞；有效地降低傳動系中的振動和噪聲。本文基于重型載貨汽車的設計要求和設計參數，確定了以拉式膜片彈簧離合器作為設計目標。膜片彈簧離合器是近年來在汽車上廣泛采用的一種離合器，它的轉矩容量大而且較穩(wěn)定，操作輕便，平衡性好，也能大量生產，對于它的研究已經變得越來越重要。此設計說明書詳細的說明了重型載貨汽車膜片彈簧離合器的結構形式，參數選擇以及計算過程。本次設計根據車型的類別、使用要求、制造條件以及“三化”（即系列化、通用化、標準化）要求等，選擇了結構方案及有關參數，進行了總成設計，并對其一些零件進行了校核：包括摩擦片外徑的確定，離合器后備系數的確定，單位壓力的確定，從動盤設計，壓盤設計，膜片彈簧設計等，為以后從事汽車技術工作打下良好的基礎。不僅如此，本次設計借鑒了相關的資料，采用了相關的標準，充分吸收了前人寶貴的經驗。關鍵詞：重型載貨汽車；離合器；膜片彈簧；從動盤；設計IIAbstractClutchistheassemblywhichisdirectlyconnectedwithengineintheautomobilepowertrain.Anditsmainfunctionistocutoffandimplementthetransmissionofpowerinthepowertrain.Itensurestheengineandthepowertrainperfectlysmoothjointogetherwhentheautomobileisstartingupandinsurestheautomobilestartedupsmooth.Theclutchdisconnectstheengineandthepowertrainwhentheautomobilestagechangeover.Itreducestheimpactbetweentheshiftgearsofthetransmission.Whenthetransmissionworkedonthegreatdynamicload,theclutchcanlimitthebreakdowntorqueofthepowertraininordertopreventtheaccessoryofthepowertrainthatisdamagedduetooverload.Italsocaneffectivelyreducethevibrationandnoiseofthepowertrain.Thisarticleisbasedonthedesignrequirementsandthedesignparametersofthelighttruck,itisidentifiedwiththepull-typediaphragmspringclutchasthedesigngoal.Inrecentyears,diaphragmspringclutchisakindofclutchthatwaswidelyadoptedinsalooncarsandlightvehicles.Ithasgreatcapacityoftorqueandmorestable.Meanwhileitmanipulateconvenientlyandhasgoodbalance.AndItalsohashighoutput.Sotheresearchoftheclutchisbecomemoreandmoreimportant.Thisdesignmanualelaboratedontheconstructionform,theparameterschooseandprocessofcalculateofthelighttrucks.Accordingtothevehiclecategory,theoperationrequirements,themanufactureconditionaswellas"three"(thatisseriation,universalizationandstandardization)requirements,andsoon,thisdesignchoosethestructureschemeandrelevantparameters.Meanwhilethisdesigncompleteassemblydesignandcheckingforsomeofitsparts.Theyincludethedeterminationoffrictionplatediameter,thedeterminationofbackupcoefficient,thedeterminationoftheunitpressure,thedesignofdrivenplat,thedesignofpressureplateanddiaphragm,etc.Thisdesigncanlayagoodfoundationforengaginginvehicletechnologyworkinthefuture.Inaddition,thisdesignprofitfromtherelatedmaterial,andusetherelatedstandard,andfullyabsorbpredecessors'valuableexperience.Keywords:I目錄1緒論.....................................................................................................................11.1引言.................................................................................................................11.2汽車離合器結構的發(fā)展.................................................................................11.3離合器概述.....................................................................................................31.3.1離合器的功用..............................................................................................41.3.2汽車離合器設計的基本要求......................................................................41.3.3離合器工作原理..........................................................................................52離合器的結構方案分析....................................................................................72.1離合器設計所需數據.....................................................................................72.2結構設計.........................................................................................................72.2.1從動盤數及干、濕式的選擇......................................................................72.2.2壓緊彈簧的結構型式及布置......................................................................82.2.3膜片彈簧的支承形式..................................................................................92.2.4壓盤的驅動方式........................................................................................102.2.5分離軸承總成............................................................................................102.2.6離合器的通風散熱措施............................................................................113離合器主要參數的選擇..................................................................................123.1摩擦片外徑D的確定..................................................................................12II3.2離合器后備系數Β的確定............................................................................133.3摩擦因數F、摩擦面數Z和離合器間隙△T的確定.................................143.4單位壓力P0的確定.......................................................................................154離合器基本參數的優(yōu)化..................................................................................164.1設計變量.......................................................................................................164.2目標函數.......................................................................................................164.3約束條件.......................................................................................................165離合器零件的結構選型及設計計算..............................................................195.1從動盤總成...................................................................................................195.1.1從動片的選擇和設計................................................................................195.1.2從動盤轂設計............................................................................................205.1.3摩擦片設計................................................................................................225.2離合器蓋總成設計.......................................................................................235.2.1離合器蓋設計............................................................................................245.2.2壓盤設計....................................................................................................245.2.3傳動片設計................................................................................................265.2.4支承環(huán)設計................................................................................................266扭轉減振器的設計..........................................................................................276.1扭轉減振器主要參數的確定.......................................................................276.2減振器的結構計算.......................................................................................28