狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間原因.ppt

Unit 4,Grammar,Entertainment,(一)Adverbial clause of time:,when、while, 、as 、after、before、since 、until/till、every/each time、whenever,1、before = at an earlier time than,2、after =at a later time than,3、while and as = at the same time as while is usually used with longer actions and as with shorter actions,4、Since =from the time that,5、until = up to the time that when speaking ,we can use till instead of until,when 當(dāng)時(shí)侯 就在這時(shí)She was doing her homework when she had a good idea.,when、while、as 的區(qū)別,while 當(dāng)時(shí)侯（從句的謂語(yǔ)必須是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，與主句謂語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行且用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；或從句用“be+表語(yǔ)”表示狀態(tài)） 趁之時(shí)； 然而(并列句)； 盡管,as 當(dāng)時(shí)，在的同時(shí)； 一邊一邊； 隨著.As time went by, he realized his mistake.,1) _he comes here tomorrow, I will call you. (at the time that) 2) Henry is in charge of the office _ Mr.Smith is away. (during the time that) He learned to speak English _ he was here. 4) I like tea _ she likes coffee. 5) _they were picking tea, the girls were singing happily. 6) She sang _ she worked.,When,while,while,while,As,as,Exercises,before： 1、I had entered the classroom before I heard the bell. 2、Youd better write it down before you forget it. 3、Look before you leap.（三思而后行） 4、It will be half a year before I come here again. 5、It was less than one month before they got the result. 注意英漢的差別,1、“在之前；才； 2、還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就； 3、沒(méi)過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就； 4、趁還沒(méi)； 5、一就”等。,it + be + time + before 句型歸納 1. It was not long before she learned those poems by heart. 2. It was long before the police arrived. 3. It will be hours before he makes a decision. 4. It will not be hours before we meet again.,用不了多久又一條新的遂道就要建成穿過(guò)浦江。 It wont be long before a new tunnel is built across the HuangPu River. 過(guò)了好多年他才知道誰(shuí)在他困難時(shí)幫助了他。 It was many years before he knew who had helped him when he was in trouble.,Since的用法 eg: It is five years since she came back to settle down from abroad. eg: It is three years since I began to smoke. eg: It is three years since I smoked a cigarette. eg: It is four years since he lived here.,注意：這個(gè)句型的時(shí)間要從since從句中作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束后算起；如果since從句的謂語(yǔ)是持續(xù)性或反復(fù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要按否定來(lái)理解。,It is / has been + 時(shí)間段 + since “自從以來(lái)已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”,the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, （結(jié)合報(bào)紙） 1、The engine started the minute the button was pressed. 2、The lamp will light the moment you press the button. 3、I knew I had made a mistake the instant I had done it.,一就,as soon as,as soon as,no soonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen,注意: no soonerthan, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen中否定詞放句首時(shí) 主句要部分倒裝，并且用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)）,一就,1、 Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. 2、 No sooner had I got home than it began to rain,Until / till,用于肯定句，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如： It was largely forgotten until it was discovered again in 1858. I studied English until 9 oclock last night. Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 注意： until可以位于句首，till則不能; Until you told me ， I had no idea of it. I will wait for you till/until you come back.,2.not until - 直到才,I didnt go to sleep until 11 oclock. He didnt leave the office until he finished the work. The little boy didnt stop crying until he saw his mother. till/until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞為瞬間動(dòng)詞，主句必須用否定形式。,Not until 在句首，主句用倒裝, 如： I didnt go to sleep until 11 oclock. Not until 11 oclock did I go to sleep. He didnt leave the office until he finished the work. Not until he finished the work did he leave the office. The little boy didnt stop crying until he saw his mother. Not until he saw his mother did the little boy stop crying. You will not understand the beauty until you see it with your own eyes. Not until you see it with your own eyes will you understand the beauty.,It is/was not untilthat為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) He didnt leave the office until he finished the work. It was not until he finished the work that he left the office. I didnt go to sleep until 11 oclock. It was not until 11 oclock that I went to sleep. You will not understand the beauty until you see it with your own eyes. It is not until you see it with your own eyes that you will understand the beauty.,他直到病了才意識(shí)到健康的重要性。,1、He didnt realize the importance of health until he was ill.,2、Not until he was ill did he realize the importance of health.,3、It was not until he was ill that he realized the importance of health.,（二）Adverbial Clauses of Reason because, since, as, now that, for,1） because語(yǔ)勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人所不知的原因， 回答why提出的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已 為人們所知，就用as或 since。 1、I didnt go because I was afraid. 2、Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2） 由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有 逗號(hào)，則可以用for來(lái)代替。但如果不是說(shuō)明直接 原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。 1、He is absent today, because / for he is ill. 2、He must be ill, for he is absent today.,because, since, as和for,其他類的狀語(yǔ)從句和連接詞,地點(diǎn)：where,