2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Module1DeepSouthSectionⅤWriting_描述一個(gè)地方教案含解析.docx

Section Writing-描述一個(gè)地方技法指導(dǎo)描述一個(gè)地方就是對(duì)某一地方的自然環(huán)境、人文特點(diǎn)、歷史風(fēng)貌等進(jìn)行描述。寫此類文章應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1內(nèi)容一般包括該地方的位置、面積、人口、歷史、氣候、特產(chǎn)等。也可以適當(dāng)?shù)厝谌肴宋娘L(fēng)貌，簡單介紹當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕z址、民間風(fēng)俗及有趣的生活方式等。但是一定要抓住該地方的主要特色，這樣才能給讀者留下深刻的印象。2要遵循一定的寫作順序。描述該地方的位置時(shí)，首先要找好中心點(diǎn)，再由近及遠(yuǎn)，也可以先整體后局部，或按照一定時(shí)間層次或空間層次。描述時(shí)可以適當(dāng)使用過渡性連接詞。3可以適當(dāng)運(yùn)用比喻句式。形象的比喻可以給讀者展示一幅生動(dòng)的畫面。黃金表達(dá)：教你如何營造亮點(diǎn)1China is a large country with a long history and a large population.2The weather here is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.3It covers an area of about 14 million square kilometers, which makes up almost one tenth of the worlds total land area.4Its winter is very long, which lasts from April to October.5It is so cold that very few plants can live there.6Although there are no humans living there, it is rich in iron, coal, gas and other natural resources.寫作規(guī)范題目要求請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下信息，寫一篇文章介紹廣州的基本情況，內(nèi)容要包括以下幾點(diǎn)：1廣州有“花城”的美譽(yù)。2有2 200多年的歷史，是中國古代“海上絲綢之路”的發(fā)祥地。3大約有人口1 000萬，面積7 434平方千米。4旅游資源豐富，有著名的“羊城八景”，現(xiàn)以其迷人風(fēng)采，吸引了來自世界各地的海內(nèi)外游客。參考詞匯：發(fā)祥地birthplace；海上絲綢之路 The Road of Silk on the Sea；羊城八景 Guangzhou Hakkei要求：詞數(shù)100左右。 三步作文法第一步：搜索詞匯1位于 be_located/situated_in2有的歷史 with_a_history_of3占面積 cover_an_area_of4被命名為 be_named_as5吸引 appeal_to/attract/draw_ones_attention_to第二步：由詞造句1根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子眾所周知廣州是一個(gè)美麗的城市。It_is_well_known_that Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.廣州市占地7 434平方千米。Guangzhou covers_an_area_of 7,434 square kilometers. 廣州有約1 000萬人口。Guangzhou has_a_population_of 10 million or so.廣州旅游資源豐富。Guangzhou has_rich_tourist_resources.廣州吸引了越來越多的來自世界各地的游客。Guangzhou is_appealing_to_more_and_more_tourists from all over the world.2句式升級(jí)把句進(jìn)行句式轉(zhuǎn)換As_is_well_known,_Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.(as引導(dǎo)的定語從句)What_is_well_known_is that Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.(what引導(dǎo)的主語從句)把句合并為一句話Guangzhou_covers_an_area_of_7,434_square_kilometers_with_a_population_of_10_million_or_so.用定語從句合并句Guangzhou_has_rich_tourist_resources,_which_is_appealing_to_more_and_more_tourists_from_all_over_the_world.第三步：連句成篇It is well known that Guangzhou is a city of much beauty.Located in the middle of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, the capital city of Guangdong, is an ancient city with a history of over 2,200 years. It was once the birthplace of “The Road of Silk on the Sea”. It covers an area of 7,434 square kilometers with a population of 10 million or so. Because it is warm and flowery all the year round, it is also called “Flowery City”. Since 1982, Guangzhou has been named as one of the first historical and cultural cities.Guangzhou has rich tourist resources such as Guangzhou Hakkei, which is appealing to more and more tourists from all over the world.對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生課下能力提升(四).閱讀理解Thanks to El Nio, Californias coastal waters have become more suitable for fish from the tropics (熱帶地區(qū)) to live.Hammerhead sharks are among them.“For over a year now, a lot of warm water fish that we dont usually see have been coming up，” said Rick Feeney, fish expert from the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.The arrival of large numbers of big fish like wahoo and tuna has also promoted Californias saltwater sport fishing industry, which brings in about $ 1.8 billion a year.“All the sport fish from Mexico are coming up here.In fact, there are probably more sport fish up here than there are down at the tip of Baja where they usually are.Things like marlin, yellowtail, wahoo, yellow fin tuna, blue fin tuna, all sorts of things that fishermen love to catch，” said Feeney.But southern Californias warmer waters fish are forcing out other species that the local wildlife depends on.“Fish like anchovies and sardines have moved on.And a lot of baby seals and baby sea lions are starving because the mothers cant find enough food.That might be one of the effects of El Nio，” explained Feeney.Researchers say the northern migration (遷徙) of fish in the Pacific Ocean has been one of the most dynamic effects of the climate phenomenon.“Historically, its a temporary change, and once El Nio stops, the fish just go back to the cold waters.But we all know about global warming, and year by year we dont know how many of these fish will actually stick around and reproduce (繁殖)，” said Fenney.1What can be the best title for the text?AA Onceinalifetime Big CatchBEl Nio and the Tropical FishCThe Fishing Industry in Baja and CaliforniaDEl Nio Brings Unexpected Fish to California解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的第一句“由于厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，加州海岸水域更加適合暖水區(qū)的魚類生存”和下文所列出的具體的例子可知，本文的最佳標(biāo)題是“厄爾尼諾給加州帶來了意想不到的魚類”。2Which of the following fish are from warm waters?AWahoo and sardines.BTuna and anchovies.CHammerhead sharks. DMarlin and sea lions.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的第二句話可知，錘頭鯊是來自暖水區(qū)的魚。故選C。3What do we know about the seals according to Feeney?AThe baby seals may die of cold.BThe baby seals may die of hunger.CThe seals may stop reproducing.DThe seals may move to the south.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段的“And a lot of baby seals and baby sea lions are starving because the mothers cant find enough food”可知，小海豹可能會(huì)死于饑餓。故選B。4We can infer from the passage that _.Athe fish have brought a big profit to MexicoBthe fish experts are happy to see more sport fishCthe fish will stay off the California coast for many yearsDthe fish have affected the food chain off the California coast解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第五段和第六段可知，南加州暖水區(qū)魚類把本地野生生物所依賴的其他物種排擠了出去。有些動(dòng)物的幼崽由于沒有足夠的食物而挨餓，由此可以推測出暖水區(qū)魚類的到來影響了加州海域的食物鏈。故選D。.閱讀七選五Here, sleep experts clear up some of the biggest misunderstandings about sleep they see with their patients, which could weaken your ability to have a night of good sleep.Myth：_1_The latest research shows that the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person and should leave you feeling energized the next day. Im a sleep doctor. Take myself for example. _2_Myth: Dont fall asleep with the TV on.Ive cured more people suffering from sleep problems than you can imagine by telling people its OK to fall asleep with the TV on. _3_ Control the watching time so it doesnt affect your sleep later in the night.Myth: You can catch up on lost sleep on the weekend._4_ A Harvard study found that even if you sleep for an extra 10 hours on the weekend to make up for only sleeping six hours a night for two weeks, those extra hours wont improve your reaction times or ability to focus. Plus, sleeping late throws off your biological clock, which can lead to obesity, diabetes and heart disease.Myth: Alcohol can help you rest easy._5_ Alcohol may relax you so you nod off quicker, but studies show youll wake up more and get less of deep sleep you need to feel rested.AYou need 8 hours sleep a night.BA lack of sleep can cause anxiety.CWe take unscheduled naps during the weekend.DIve been a 6.5hour sleeper in my entire adult life.EMany people cant turn off their brains, but watching TV helps.FPeople commonly use alcohol to fall asleep, but it doesnt work.GYou cant make up for too little sleep by sleeping more at weekends.語篇解讀：本文為說明文。作者澄清了人們關(guān)于睡眠的幾個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，比如你一晚上需要8小時(shí)的睡眠、不能開著電視睡覺等。1解析：選A由語境及上文的“clear up some of the biggest misunderstandings about sleep”可推測出Myth在此意為“錯(cuò)誤觀念”。根據(jù)下文的“the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person”可知，對(duì)每個(gè)人來說，適當(dāng)?shù)乃邥r(shí)間都是不同的，故可知此處澄清的錯(cuò)誤觀念是A項(xiàng)“你一晚上需要八個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠”。2解析：選D根據(jù)語境尤其是上文的“the right amount of sleep may vary from person to person .Take myself for example”可知，空處應(yīng)是作者舉例說明自己每晚需要的睡眠時(shí)間，故選D項(xiàng)，表示作者成年以后一直每晚睡6.5小時(shí)。3解析：選E空處解釋說明了上文的“Ive cured more people suffering from sleep problems than you can imagine by telling people its OK to fall asleep with the TV on”的原因，表示許多人不能讓他們的大腦放松下來，但看電視能夠?qū)λ麄冇兴鶐椭?。文中的“more people suffering from sleep problems”與E項(xiàng)中的“Many people cant turn off their brains”對(duì)應(yīng)。4解析：選G本空所在段落的錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)是通過在周末睡更長時(shí)間來彌補(bǔ)平時(shí)缺失的睡眠。G項(xiàng)與之相呼應(yīng)。5解析：選FF項(xiàng)中的“People commonly use alcohol to fall asleep”與上文的“Alcohol can help you rest easy”以及下文的“Alcohol may relax you so you nod off quicker”相對(duì)應(yīng)，“but it doesnt work”與下文的“youll wake up more and get less of deep sleep you need to feel rested”相對(duì)應(yīng)。.完形填空Weve all done it. Run upstairs to get your keys, but _1_ what youre looking for once you get to the bedroom.Open the fridge door and _2_ the middle shelf, only to realize that we cant remember why we opened the fridge _3_. Or wait for a moment to interrupt a friend to find that the _4_ issue that made us want to interrupt has now _5_ from our minds just as we come to speak: “What did I want to say？”We ask a(n) _6_ audience, who all think “how should we know”_7_ these errors can be embarrassing, they are also _8_. Its known as the “Doorway Effect”， and it reveals some important _9_ of how our minds are organized. Understanding this might help us appreciate those temporary _10_ of forgetfulness as more than just a(n) _11_ (although they will still be annoying)As we move _12_ our days, our attention shifts between these _13_ from our goals and ambitions, to plans and strategies, and to the lowest levels, our concrete actions. When things are going _14_， often in familiar situations, we keep our attention on what we want and how we do it seems to take care of itself. If youre a skilled driver, then you manage the gears, indicators and wheels _15_， and your attention is probably _16_ the less routine business of navigating the traffic or _17_ to your passengers. When things are less routine we have to shift our attention to the _18_ of what were doing, taking our minds off the bigger picture for a moment. Hence the conversation _19_ as the driver gets to a tricky junction (交叉路口 ), or the engine starts to make a funny sound.The Doorway Effect occurs when our attention moves between levels, and it reflects the _20_ of our memories even memories for what we were about to do on the environment were in.語篇解讀：我們每個(gè)人都曾有過上樓去拿鑰匙，但是到了樓上卻忘了自己的初衷；打開冰箱門，伸手探向中間那一層，卻忘記自己究竟為什么要打開冰箱等類似的情形。這是非常普遍的現(xiàn)象，被稱之為“門口效應(yīng)”。1A.rememberBforgetCdiscover Dfind解析：選B文章第一段舉了三個(gè)例子來引出“門口效應(yīng)”這一現(xiàn)象，根據(jù)下文的“we cant remember”可知，此處指當(dāng)你跑去樓上拿鑰匙時(shí)，你卻忘記(forget)要找什么。remember意為“記得；回憶起”；discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺”；find意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到”。2A.reach for Bget overCstand by Dset aside解析：選A本句繼續(xù)講“門口效應(yīng)”的例子：打開冰箱門時(shí)竟然忘了為什么要打開冰箱。reach for意為“伸手(以碰觸)”，符合語境。get over意為“從(疾病)中康復(fù)過來；完成(某事)”；stand by意為“袖手旁觀”；set aside意為“留出；撥出(時(shí)間、金錢等)；對(duì)置之不理”。3A.at once Bfor the first timeCabove all Din the first place解析：選D根據(jù)語境及設(shè)空前的“we cant remember”可知，此處指打開冰箱后卻忘記起初為什么要打開冰箱。in the first place意為“起初；一開始”，符合語境。at once意為“立刻；馬上”；for the first time意為“第一次”；above all意為“最重要的是”。4A.related BtrivialCmemorable Dburning解析：選D本句講述第三個(gè)“門口效應(yīng)”的例子：當(dāng)我們急于打斷朋友，卻忘記了什么急事使我們這樣。burning意為“迫在眉睫的”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。related意為“有關(guān)的；相關(guān)的”；trivial意為“微不足道的”；memorable意為“值得紀(jì)念的”。5A.changed BoccurredCdisappeared Dreserved解析：選C結(jié)合上文中出現(xiàn)的“cant remember”及空后的“from our minds just as we come to speak：What did I want to say？”可知，當(dāng)我們想說時(shí)，迫在眉睫的事情卻從我們的腦海里消失了(disappeared)。change意為“變化；改變；轉(zhuǎn)變”；occur意為“發(fā)生”；reserve意為“預(yù)訂；保留”。6A.excited BconfusedCunexpected Ddepressed解析：選B我們本來打斷朋友想說什么，但是卻反過來問聽者“我剛才想說什么來著？”，再結(jié)合空后的“who all thinkhow should we know”可知，這讓聽者非常困惑。excited意為“興奮的；激動(dòng)的”；confused意為“困惑的；糊涂的”；unexpected 意為“想不到的；意外的”；depressed意為“沮喪的；消沉的”。故選B項(xiàng)。7A.Unless BSinceCAlthough DBut解析：選C由文章第一段所舉的例子可知，盡管(Although)生活中的這些錯(cuò)誤會(huì)讓我們感覺很尷尬，但這樣的例子還是很常見。根據(jù)語境可知，設(shè)空處表讓步，故選C項(xiàng)。8A.common BstrangeCrare Dsignificant解析：選A解析見上題。strange意為“奇怪的；不同尋常的”；rare意為“罕見的；稀有的”；significant意為“重要的；重大的”。9A.issues BfeaturesCaspects Dpurposes解析：選B根據(jù)空前的“reveals”及空后的“how our minds are organized”可知，此處指“門口效應(yīng)”揭示出了我們的思維是如何組織起來的一些重要特征。issue意為“問題；議題”；aspect意為“方面”；purpose意為“目的”。10A.periods BmomentsCattitudes Dmemories解析：選B根據(jù)文章第一段所舉的例子可知，“門口效應(yīng)”產(chǎn)生的這種失憶是暫時(shí)的現(xiàn)象。moment意為“片刻；瞬間”，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。period意為“時(shí)期”；attitude意為“態(tài)度”；memory意為“記憶；回憶”。11A.depression BpuzzleCannoyance Dsurprise解析：選C根據(jù)空后括號(hào)里的“although they will still be annoying”可知，此處指人由于失憶而感到煩惱(annoyance)。故選C項(xiàng)。depression意為“沮喪；蕭條”；puzzle意為“謎；困惑；難題”；surprise意為“驚喜；驚訝”。12A.in BtowardCby Dthrough解析：選D根據(jù)空后的“our days”可知，此處指在我們度過每一天的過程中。through指“自始至終；在整個(gè)期間”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。13A.gaps BlinesCminds Dlevels解析：選D根據(jù)空后的“from our goals and ambitions，to plans and strategies, and to the lowest levels, our concrete actions”可知，此處指我們的注意力在不同層次(levels)間不斷轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)本句中的lowest levels及最后一段中的between levels可知答案為D項(xiàng)。14A.directly BwellCstraight Daway解析：選B根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“often in familiar situations, we keep our attention on what we want and how we do it seems to take care of itself”可知，當(dāng)處于熟悉的狀況時(shí)，我們的注意力會(huì)集中于我們想做的事情上。這些時(shí)候往往是事情按部就班、順利發(fā)展的時(shí)候，故選B項(xiàng)。15A.automatically BflexiblyCregularly Dpersonally解析：選A根據(jù)上文的“take care of itself”及設(shè)空后對(duì)司機(jī)開車的描述可知，此處指熟練的司機(jī)能夠自動(dòng)操控汽車。automatically意為“自動(dòng)地”；flexibly意為“有彈性地；靈活地”；regularly意為“有規(guī)律地；定期地”；personally意為“親自地”。根據(jù)語境可知選A項(xiàng)。16A.stuck up Bheld upCcaught up in Dtaken up解析：選C根據(jù)空前的“take care of itself”， “skilled”及空后的“the less routine business of navigating the traffic .”可知，此處指司機(jī)把精力集中于其他一些與駕駛不相關(guān)的事情上。be caught up in意為“卷入；陷入”，符合語境。stick up意為“豎起”；hold up意為“支撐；阻擋”；take up意為“拿起；占據(jù)；從事”。17A.driving BsingingCtaking Dtalking解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“conversation”可知，此處指司機(jī)與乘客交談(talking)。18A.details BabstractionCsituations Dproblems解析：選A根據(jù)上文的“routine business”可知，此處指當(dāng)事情不是一些日常活動(dòng)時(shí)，我們會(huì)把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到我們正在做的瑣事上。detail意為“細(xì)節(jié)；瑣事”，符合語境。abstraction意為“抽象；心不在焉”；situation意為“形勢；處境；狀況”；problem意為“問題”。19A.pauses BstartsClasts Dmisses解析：選A根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“as the driver gets to a tricky junction (交叉路口), or the engine starts to make a funny sound”可知，此處指司機(jī)與乘客的對(duì)話停止(pauses)。start意為“開始”；last意為“持續(xù)”；miss意為“錯(cuò)失”。20A.disbelief BconfusionCreliance Dattraction解析：選C根據(jù)最后一段可知，“門口效應(yīng)”發(fā)生在我們的注意力在不同層次間游移時(shí)，而這反映了記憶力依賴我們所處的環(huán)境。故選C項(xiàng)。disbelief意為“不相信；懷疑”；confusion意為“疑惑；困惑”；attraction意為“吸引力”。.語法填空The Pacific OceanThe Pacific Ocean is the _1_ (large) of the Earths oceans, covering about 46% of the Earths water surface and 32% of its total surface area.It extends _2_ the Arctic in the north to the Antarctica in the south, _3_ (surround) by Asia and Australia in the west and the Americas in the east.The Pacific Ocean contains about 25,000 islands.The _4_ (major) of them are found south of the equator._5_ water near the equator is less salty than that found in the midlatitudes (中緯度) for _6_ (abundance) equatorial precipitation (赤道降水) throughout the year.The surface circulation of Pacific waters is _7_ (general) clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.The exploitation of the Pacifics mineral wealth is various, _8_ is influenced by the oceans great depths.In shallow waters off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, natural gas is produced, and pearls _9_ (harvest) along the coasts of Australia, Japan and the Philippines.One more thing worth _10_ (mention) is that the Pacifics greatest wealth is its fish.1largest考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)句意及空前的“the”可知，此處應(yīng)該使用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。2from考查介詞。此處指它從北半球的北極延伸到南半球的南極地區(qū)。from與后面的“to”形成對(duì)應(yīng)。3surrounded考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作伴隨狀語，且由空格后的“by”可知，此處指的是太平洋被圍繞，表被動(dòng)，故應(yīng)用過去分詞。4majority考查名詞。由空前的“The”和空后的“of”可知，這里應(yīng)填一個(gè)名詞。major本身可以作名詞，表示“專業(yè)”，顯然不符合語境。此處應(yīng)用majority“大部分”。5The考查冠詞。根據(jù)water后面的修飾語“near the equator”可知，此處應(yīng)用定冠詞The表特指。6abundant考查形容詞。根據(jù)語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作定語修飾名詞，故應(yīng)用其形容詞形式。7generally考查副詞。此處表示通常，太平洋水域的表面循環(huán)在北半球是順時(shí)針方向的，在南半球是逆時(shí)針方向的。應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，故用generally。8which考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞The exploitation，且在從句中作主語，故只能用which。9are harvested考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，pearls與harvest之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，且本文的基本時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故此處也需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are harvested。10mentioning考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作worth的賓語，worth后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)用其ing形式，即用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義。worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。.短文改錯(cuò)How time flies！I had hardly had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while its time go back to school.This winter I spend ten days studying maths, chemistry and physics, none of which was easily for me.And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival.I had attended my uncles wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful.To my disappoint, I didnt get many lucky money as I had expected.I also went to the cinema with several classmates.We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling “Red Lobster”The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed myself.答案：第二句：whilewhen; time后加to第三句：spendspent; easilyeasy第四句：AndBut第五句：去掉had第六句：disappointdisappointment; manymuch第八句：callingcalled第九句：myselfourselves單元質(zhì)量檢測(一)(時(shí)間：100分鐘滿分：120分).閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHow to Save Money to Visit Shanghai DisneylandThe “happiest place on earth” is a top destination on many families bucket lists.But taking a vacation to Disney World can be difficult to do on budget.There are some considerations that you can make to reduce the cost of your Disney World vacation.1Come PreparedPlan ahead so that you dont have to purchase a necessity at Disneyland that you could have brought from home.For example, check the weather so that you dont need to buy a rain poncho or an umbrella.2Buy Souvenirs in AdvanceDisney has influenced practically every industry, which makes it easy to find Disney items anywhere, from Walmart, Target, and your local grocery stores to department stores and Amazon.You can save a lot of money by purchasing items before your trip at these less expensive places than at Disneyland.3Make an Autograph BookAn autograph book is seen as a musthave by many Disneyland enthusiasts and is a memory you can take home with you.These books can cost anywhere from $ 7.95 to $ 19.95 at the Disney Store and up to $ 30 for the latestandgreatest autograph book at Disneyland, such as the parks 60th anniversary edition.Other choices can get the job done for under $ 5.For example, you can buy a small photo album, cute pads or notebooks.4Take Advantage of Discounts Offered to Special GroupsDisney offers a wide varie