2018_2019學年高中英語Unit19LanguageSectionⅡWarm_upLesson1—LanguagePoints學案（含解析）.docx

Section Warm-up Lesson 1Language Points一、這樣記單詞記得準寫得對記得快記得多.基礎詞匯1.guarantee_ vt.保證2.ensure_ vt. 確保，保證3.enlarge vt. 擴大4.acquisition n. (語言)習得5.inform vt. 告知，通知6.trend n. 趨勢，傾向.拓展詞匯1.thankful adj.為感到高興的；感謝的thankless adj.讓人不領情的；出力不討好的2.fold v折疊；交叉unfold(反義詞) v展開；打開3. surround vt.環(huán)繞，圍繞surrounding adj.周圍的surroundings n環(huán)境4.fluency_n流利度，流暢度fluent adj.流利的，流暢的5. accuracy n精確度，準確度accurate adj.準確的，精確的accurately adv.準確地，精確地6.attain vt.達到；獲得attainment n達到，獲得attainable adj.可以達到的，可以獲得的7.adequate adj.足夠的，充分的adequately adv.足夠地，充分地8.medium n媒介物；渠道m(xù)edia (pl.)9.accelerate vi. & vt.加速acceleration n加速10.adjust vt.調節(jié)；調整adjustable adj.可調節(jié)的adjustment n調整，調節(jié)11.announcement n通告；宣告announce vt.宣布，通告12.absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席absent adj.缺席的，不在的1.absence n缺乏；缺席；不存在聯(lián)想詞尾變換一致的詞(名詞ence形容詞ent)absence absentpatience patientsilence silent presence present intelligence intelligent confidence confidentconvenience convenient violence violent2.ensure vt.確保，保證詞塊ensure good quality 保證優(yōu)質ensure peace 保證和平ensure safety 保證安全ensure success 確保成功 聯(lián)想 “前綴enadj./n.”構成的動詞richenrich 使充實ableenable 使能夠titleentitle 給起題目/命名dangerendanger 使遭遇危險 3.thankful adj.為感到高興的；感謝的同義grateful adj. 感謝的；令人愉快的appreciative adj. 感激的；賞識的4.medium n媒介物；渠道m(xù)edia (pl.)聯(lián)想名詞變復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化phenomenonphenomena 現(xiàn)象bacteriumbacteria 細菌datumdata 數(shù)據(jù)criterioncriteria 標準二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.be related with與有關2get ahead 取得進步；獲得成功3stand out 引人注目；突出，顯眼4more than one 不止一個5rely on 依靠，依賴6inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事7keep sth. in mind 記住8lead to 通向；導致，引起9in case 以防，萬一10in the absence of sb. 在某人不在時11adjust to 適應，調整12act as 充當，擔任1.in the last few decades 在過去的幾十年里2start the trend for . 引發(fā)了的趨勢3take the form of 以的形式出現(xiàn)/存在4set achievable targets 制定切實可行的目標5enlarge ones vocabulary 擴大某人的詞匯量6share learning strategies 分享學習策略7fold ones arms across ones chest 交叉雙臂在胸前8hold the key to 抓住的關鍵9treat oneself 犒勞自己10worth the extra effort 值得額外的努力三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Theres no point reading the news in English if youve already watched it in your own language.如果你已經用母語看過這則消息，再用英語閱讀它就沒有意義了。Theres no point (in) doing sth. “做某事毫無意義”。There_is_no_point_complaining_now were leaving tomorrow in any case.現(xiàn)在抱怨毫無意義不管怎樣我們明天都要離開。2.It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language .早在18世紀人們就預言總有一天英語會成為全球性語言it 作形式主語，that 引導主語從句。(2017全國卷書面表達)It_is_reported_that there will be a Chinese papercutting show this Sunday in the art gallery.據(jù)報道，本周日在美術館將有一個中國剪紙展。3.But sadly, the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an Englishspeaking country are small.但遺憾的是，我們有機會生活在講英語的國家的可能性很小。that 引導的同位語從句。The chance that_he_will_become_a_star in the CBA in the coming few years is high. 他在未來幾年里成為中國職業(yè)籃球隊的一位明星的可能性很大。4.However, putting in those extra 15 minutes a day does take dedication.然而，每天多學15分鐘確實需要專心致志。does是助動詞，用來加強語氣。It was very difficult for my father to quit smoking, but in the end he_did_manage_it.盡管戒煙對我父親很難，但最終他確實戒掉了。1(教材P6)In todays world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.當今世界，要想取得令人矚目的成就，就要會講不止一種語言，包括英語。stand out出色；突出；顯眼stand by袖手旁觀；支持stand for 代表，象征stand up for 維護；支持stand up to 勇敢地面對；經受住He is two meters in height and stands out in the crowd.他身高兩米，在人群中很顯眼。How can you stand_by when those boys are kicking the cat?當那些孩子們在踢那只貓時，你怎能袖手旁觀呢？The letters PLA stand_for the Peoples Liberation Army.PLA 這幾個字母代表中國人民解放軍。Be ready at all times to stand_up_for truth.隨時準備堅持真理。get ahead取得成功，取得進步，(使)走在前面He is determined to get ahead, regardless of how many sufferings he has to experience.他決心要獲得成功，不管要經歷多少苦難。(1)get ahead of sb.超過，戰(zhàn)勝某人get ahead with/in sth. 在方面取得進步，獲得成功(2)ahead of . 在前面；領先于ahead of time 提前(相當于in advance)go ahead 走在前面；開始做，著手干(常譯作“干吧；用吧”)Tom has_got_ahead_of all the other boys in the class.湯姆已經超過班上其他的男孩。Practice is the only way to_get_ahead_in your studies.練習是提高成績的唯一方法。If you had warned me ahead_of_time,_I wouldnt have gone.你如果預先警告我，我就不會走了。2(教材P6)However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，將英語作為一門外語來學習，沒有當?shù)氐恼Z言環(huán)境是很難的。absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席(1)absence of mind心不在焉in the absence of sth. 在缺某物時in/during ones absencein/during the absence of sb. 在某人不在時(2)absent adj. 缺席的，不在場的be absent from work/school 曠工/曠課It was his absence of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.是他開車時心不在焉導致了可怕的事故。He was absent from the party yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.昨天他因為心臟病突發(fā)，沒有參加聚會。I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father.I took pride in what I had done in_my_fathers_absence.我為自己在爸爸不在家時的表現(xiàn)感到自豪。3(教材P6)Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it.一些備受尊崇的語言習得理論認為，要想達到高水平的外語流利程度和準確性，你需要置身于這種語言環(huán)境之中。surround vt.包圍；環(huán)繞，圍繞(1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth. 用某人/某物包圍某人/某物be surrounded by/with sb./sth.被某人/某物包圍(2)surrounding adj. 周圍的，附近的surroundings n周圍的事物；環(huán)境；氣氛When he became conscious, he found he was surrounded by/with a lot of people.當他醒來時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被許多人圍著。The surrounding (surround) villages have been absorbed into the growing city. 周圍的村莊已經并入了那個不斷擴展的城市。Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings (surround). 只有這樣，我們才能生活在更加舒適優(yōu)美的環(huán)境中。語境串記Once upon a time, a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by green trees and having wonderful surroundings.從前，在一個綠樹環(huán)繞、環(huán)境優(yōu)美的城堡里住著一個國王，他對鄰邦十分友好。4(教材P6)Therefore, most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum. 因此，我們中的大部分人還是得靠學校的語言課程來學習英語。rely on依靠，依賴rely on/upon sb. for .依靠某人獲得rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望/相信某人做某事rely on/upon (doing) sth. 依賴/信任/指望rely on/upon it that .相信/指望 (it為形式賓語，代替that引導的賓語從句)Babies rely entirely on other people for food.嬰兒完全依賴別人喂食。Dont rely on him to_come (come) early.別指望他會早到。Many people now would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspaper for news.現(xiàn)在很多人寧愿依靠上網瀏覽新聞也不愿讀報紙。You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.你可以放心，這項工作將提前完成。聯(lián)想發(fā)散rely on/upon的同義短語有：depend on/upon; count on/upon等。5(教材P6)This can take the form of reading and listening materials which must be of the highest quality.它可以以高質量的閱讀和聽力材料的形式呈現(xiàn)。take the form of采取的形式in the form of 以的形式fill in/out a form 填表form the habit of 養(yǎng)成的習慣The training programme takes the form of a series of performances.培訓課程采取一系列表演的形式。He formed_the_habit_of reading at the age of six.他六歲時養(yǎng)成了閱讀的習慣。6(教材P6)Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.讀前了解主要新聞內容會確保用英語閱讀時更透徹地理解所讀新聞。guarantee vt.保證；擔保 n保證；抵押品；保修單(1)guarantee(2)be guaranteed to do sth.必定會做某事(3)under guarantee 在保修期內give sb. a guarantee that . 向某人保證Even if you complete your training, I cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培訓，我也無法保證你能有工作。This insurance guarantees you against/from loss in case of fire.這份保險保證你在發(fā)生火災時不受損失。I appreciate your hard work, but I can not give you a guarantee that you will surely get promoted.我欣賞你努力工作，但是我不能保證你一定能被晉升。The cellphone will be repaired free when it is under guarantee without human damage.如果沒有人為損壞，這部手機在保修期之內享受免費維修。 語境串記The TV is guaranteed for a year. That is to say, it has a years guarantee, so it is still under guarantee.這臺電視保修一年。也就是說，它有一年的保修期，因此它仍在保修期內。7(教材P6)Watching a favourite DVD, but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.觀看一部最喜歡的DVD片，但要把你熟悉的部分的語言調換成英語。adjust vt.調節(jié)；調整；使適合，使適應(1)adjust sth. to sth.調整以適應adjust to (doing) sth. 適應/習慣(做)某事adjust oneself to sth. 使自己適應某物(2)adjustment n. 調整；調節(jié)make an adjustment/adjustments to sth.對某物進行調整However, I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours.然而，雖然天氣、食物與你以往有所不同，我相信你會很快適應的。When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living (live) on his own.當孩子出國留學時，他必須學會適應獨立生活。Due to the bad weather, they had to make an adjustment (adjust) to the time of the meeting.由于天氣惡劣，他們不得不對會議的時間做了調整。名師點津在adjust to .中，to為介詞，后面要跟名詞、代詞或動名詞。語境串記Over the years, we all learned to adjust, to become more comfortable with each other, and to adjust to our new family arrangement.年復一年，我們都學會了調整自己，學會了彼此寬容，學會了適應我們新的家庭協(xié)議。8(教材P6)Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.把你的目標告訴朋友，這樣他們也會鼓勵你。inform vt.告知，通知(1)inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事inform sb.that . 告知某人(2)informed adj. 了解情況的；消息靈通的keep rmed of sth. 使某人知道某事(3)information n. 信息(不可數(shù))We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.我們很遺憾地通知你，你的申請未被接受。It was considerate of Michael to_inform_us_of/about his delay in case we got worried.為了避免我們擔心，邁克爾告知我們他耽擱了，他想得很周到。The Internet can keep us informed (inform) of the latest news in time.因特網能及時讓我們了解最新的消息。(2017全國卷書面表達)In order to learn Tang poetry well, youd better get some information (inform) about Tang Dynasty before class.為了學好唐詩，你最好在上課前了解一些有關唐朝的信息。聯(lián)想發(fā)散“. sb. of sth.”結構薈萃accuse sb. of sth.控告某人犯某罪warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的??；改掉某人的壞習慣cheat sb. of sth. 騙取某人某物rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某物rid sb. of sth. 使某人擺脫某物9(教材P6)To stay dedicated, you need to keep in mind why you are learning English.為了保持這種熱忱，你需要牢記你為什么要學習英語。keep in mind記住，記在心里keep in mind從句記住keep sth. in mind 記住某事We must keep in mind that it is the Communist Party that leads us to victory.我們必須牢記是共產黨領導我們走向勝利的。Please keep in mind what the teacher warns you of.請記住老師警告你的話。We must keep_the_lesson_in_mind in order to do it better next time.為了下次做得更好，我們必須記住這個教訓。聯(lián)想發(fā)散mind 構成的短語還有：bring/call . to mind想起；記起change ones mind 改變主意make up ones mind 下定決心fix ones mind upon/on 把注意力集中在come to mind 突然記起/想到lose ones mind 發(fā)瘋；神經錯亂out of sight, out of mind 眼不見，心不想1. Theres no point reading the news in English if youve already watched it in your own language. 如果你已經用母語看過這則消息，再用英語閱讀它就沒有意義了。(1)句中Theres no point (in) doing sth.表示“做某事沒有意義”，其中point表示“目的；意義”。There is no point regretting the lost and we should grasp what we have now.后悔失去的沒有意義，我們應該抓住我們現(xiàn)在所擁有的。There_was_no_point_(in)_having an argument with your classmates.和你的同學爭吵是毫無意義的。(2)常見的“Theres non. .”構成的句型There is no need to do sth. 沒有必要做某事There is no doubt that . 毫無疑問There is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有意義There is no difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有困難There is no possibility to do/that . 是不可能的Theres_no_need_to_take a taxi; its only five minutes walk.沒有必要搭出租車，走著只需5分鐘。I think there_is_no_sense_in_making him angry.我認為惹他生氣是沒有意義的。2It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades.早在18世紀人們就預言總有一天英語會成為全球性語言，而這一預言在過去的幾十年里已經得到了證實。(1)It was predicted that .表示“據(jù)預測”，其中it作形式主語，that引導的從句為真正的主語。“Itbe predicted that .”可用“People predict(ed) that .”和“Sth./Sb.be predicted to do sth.”替換。It is predicted by economists that there will be an increase in interest rates in 2019 in China.經濟學家預言，2019年中國利率將會上升。It is predicted that space journeys will be very common within the next 100 years.People_predict_that space journeys will be very common within the next 100 years.Space_journeys_are_predicted_to be very common within the next 100 years.據(jù)預測，在今后的100年里，太空之旅將非常普遍。(2)類似的句式還有：Its said that .據(jù)說Its hoped that . 人們希望It is well known that . 眾所周知Its reported that . 據(jù)報道Its thought that . 人們認為Its suggested that .(should) do sth. 人們建議Its believed that . 人們相信Its expected that . 預計It is thought that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing.Mr Green is thought to_have_arrived (arrive) in Beijing.我們認為格林先生已經到北京了。It is generally believed that people with high EQ are open to new ideas.People with high EQ are generally believed to_be (be)open to new ideas.大家普遍認為情商高的人容易接受新觀念。.單句語法填空1They surrounded their house with trees, and most of the surrounding trees were pine trees.(surround)2There is no point beating (beat) yourself up because something didnt go the way you planned.3I guarantee to_pay (pay) off my debts on time, no matter what happens.4. You should keep us informed (inform) whenever you are in trouble.5It took Paul a while to adjust to living (live) alone after the divorce.6That he was always absent (absence) from school made the teacher angry.7You may rely on it that he will come to see you.8You should keep in mind that you must work hard.完成句子1Fill_in_the_form and send it back with your cheque.填好表格后連同支票一起寄回。2They took no notice of him because he_did_not_stand_out.他們沒在意他，因為他并不突出。3He was talking about the_way_to_get/of_getting_ahead_in/with business. 他正在談在商業(yè)上獲得成功的方法。4As a teacher you have to_adjust_your_methods_to the needs of slower children.作為一名教師，你應該調整你的方法去滿足反應慢的孩子的需求。5. It_is_predicted_that twothirds of the world population will be without fresh drinking water by 2025.據(jù)預測到2025年世界三分之二的人口將沒有可飲用的淡水。6There_is_no_point/sense_(in)_arguing with Bill, because he will never change his mind.跟比爾爭論毫無意義，他是不會改變主意的。一、全練語言點，基穩(wěn)才能樓高.單詞拼寫1We are guaranteed (保證) to provide you the best service. 2. He wrote a letter informing (通知) me of his return flight.3We didnt receive any news during his long absence (不在)4. These desks and seats can be adjusted (調整) to the height of any child.5. Is there any way of ensuring (確保) well have enough time for our talks? 6In this way they can better apply theory (理論) to practice.7The car accelerated_ (加速) away and was soon just a speck on the horizon. 8We are enlarging (擴大) a new production scale to produce new and better goods.9She folded (折疊) the letter in half and put it into her pocket. 10The house surrounded (環(huán)繞) by the police belongs to a rich man.單句語法填空1To be honest, I cant guarantee to_work (work) out the puzzle in 10 minutes.2. Im sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job.3. He was always absent from school, and his absence (absent) annoyed the teacher very much.4. More than one teaching method was_used (use) in this English class.5Thank you for keeping me informed (inform) of everything thats happening.Dont mention it.6There are signs that this type of smartphone has become more popular with the young people.7Since everybody is clear, there is no point discussing (discuss) the question any further.8The film Aftershock touched me deeply. Much of what happened in the film was true.選詞填空get ahead， stand out， rely on， keep in mind， lead to， in case， in the absence of， adjust to 1They watched him closely in_case he should escape. 2If you do not train hard, the opponent will easily get_ahead. 3Global warming is an increasingly huge concern for the world, which has_led_to many rivers and lakes drying up these years.4Some people from small towns have trouble adjusting_to the fast pace of urban life.5After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood_out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.6In_the_absence_of evidence, the police had to let Tom go.7Now that you have grown up, you should not rely_on your parents.8Please keep_in_mind that success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.課文語法填空Many people predicted in the 1700s that English 1.would_be (be) the global language one day, which proved to be the case.With the growing international companies and the great advances in communications, more and more people tend to learn English as the second language.And the fact is 2.that speaking more than one language makes you 3.outstanding (outstand). People have realized that in the absence of the native language environment, people can not learn it well. In other words, you have to 4.be_surrounded (surround) by the language.5.Sadly (sad), most of the English learners can not live in the native country, 6.which means we can only depend on our school resources. So teachers have to guarantee 7.an adequate amount of input in English, which can be conveyed 8.to students through various mediums.Since extracurricula work may accelerate language learning, here are some suggestions to English learners: setting 9.achievable (achieve) targets; listening to English songs; watching English DVDs; studying with your friends; and rewarding yourself. Please remember 10.to_keep (keep) dedicated.串點成篇微表達因為湯姆是一位來自農村的學生，所以一些人認為他在這所著名的大學里不可能實現(xiàn)(attain)他的目標(target)。但是他并沒有失去信心。他盡最大的努力去面對(adjust to)艱難的現(xiàn)實。為了確保(ensure)成功，他的周圍都放(surround .with .)滿了激勵并反映他的目標的東西。他勤奮學習，而且很快就取得了進步(get ahead)。現(xiàn)在他在班中非常突出(stand out)。Some_people_think_Tom_is_not_likely_to_attain_his_target_in_this_famous_university_because_he_is_a_student_from_the_countryside._But_he_didnt_lose_heart._He_did_all_he_could_to_adjust_to_the_difficult_reality_he_faced._To_ensure_success,_he_surrounded_himself_with_things_that_inspired_him_and_reflected_his_goals._He_studied_very_hard_and_soon_began_to_get_ahead._Now_he_stands_out_from_all_the_other_students_in_his_class.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧.完形填空I used to hate writing.When my teacher as