RO反滲透系統(tǒng)技術(shù)培訓(xùn).pptVIP

反滲透（RO） 培訓(xùn) 2013年3月,北京碧化科技有限公司,簡介：膜/反滲透 及其應(yīng)用 An INTRODUCTION TO MEMEBRANE / REVERSE OSMOSIS & ITS BEST PRACTICE,（交叉流/膜）過濾方法 Cross Flow Filtration Methods,膜構(gòu)造 Membrane Configurations,螺旋口 Spiral Wound 中空纖維 Hollow Fiber 管狀 Tubular,膜系統(tǒng) Membrane System,反滲透 Reverse Osmosis,術(shù)語表 Glossary of Terms,Concentrate or reject 濃縮 或 損失/ 未滲 透 Permeate or product 滲透 或 產(chǎn)物 Percent recovery 回收率 Percent salt rejection 鹽損率 / 抗鹽率,反滲透基理,兩步驟 RO系統(tǒng) Two-Stage RO System,元件 ELEMENTS,RO 設(shè)備 Typical RO Machine,膜對(duì)比 Membrane Comparisons,離子通過 Typical Passage of Ions,* TFC element rated for a 95% NaCl rejection,RO的優(yōu)勢 What Are the Advantages of RO ?,去除非離子雜質(zhì)和溶解的固體（如：有機(jī)物，無水硅酸，細(xì)菌）Removes nonionic impurities and dissolved solids (i.e. organics, silica, bacteria) 減少了危險(xiǎn)的化學(xué)品存儲(chǔ)和與離子交換相關(guān)的操Reduction of hazardous chemical storage and handling associated with ion exchange 減少了離子交換系統(tǒng)的裝載 Reduces loading on ion exchange systems: 延長運(yùn)行周期 Extends run lengths 延長樹脂壽命 Extends resin life 降低操作成本 Reduces operating costs,RO的劣勢 What Are the Disadvantages of RO?,25%的進(jìn)水未被滲透 25% of feed stream is rejected 滲透的5%TDS 對(duì)HP鍋爐不足 5% TDS in permeate inadequate for HP boilers 最終過濾器易被堵塞 Ultimate filter which is easily fouled : - 提高操作成本 Increasing operating costs - 降低樹脂壽命 Reducing membrane life,操作成本細(xì)分 Typical Operating Cost Breakdown,反滲透膜的問題 RO Membrane Problems,Fouling 污垢 微生物，殘?jiān)?泥沙，臟物，有機(jī)物，金屬氧化物 Microbio, silt, crud, organics, metal oxides Scaling 水銹 天然鹽 Mineral salts 無水硅酸 Silica 水解和降解 Hydrolysis or Degradation pH, Temperature, oxidants, biodegradation,離子污垢 Iron Fouling,微生物污垢 Microbiological Fouling,無水硅酸污垢 Silica Fouling,礦物水銹 Mineral Scale,膜退化/降解 Membrane Degradation,膜問題造成的結(jié)果 Results of Membrane Problems,水質(zhì)降低 Reduced water quality 運(yùn)行周期縮短 Shorter run lengths 提早更換膜 Premature membrane replacement 運(yùn)行成本提高 Higher operating costs,廠商要求 Typical Manufacturers Requirements,NS - Not Specified,膜的水解因素 Hydrolysis Factors of RO Membranes,CA MEMBRANES 微生物生長率 Microbio growth present pH levels 5.0 - 6.5 溫度 Temperatures 35 oC Exposed to direct sunlight,TFC MEMBRANES 進(jìn)水中的氧化劑 Oxidants in feedwater (i.e. Cl2, Ozone) 進(jìn)水中的游離氯 0.01 ppm Free chlorine in feedwater 溫度 Temperatures 45 oC Exposed to direct sunlight,各種污垢物質(zhì)的沉積 Deposit Tendency of Various Foulants,* 假定沒有使用防水銹劑、防污垢劑和消毒殺菌劑Assumes no antiscalant, antifoulant or sanitizer is used,性能改善指導(dǎo)方法 Performance Enhancement Guidelines,RO系統(tǒng)控制 RO System Monitoring,預(yù)處理控制 Pretreatment monitoring 殘?jiān)芏龋⊿DI），混濁，pH，氧化劑 Silt Density (SDI), Turbidity, pH, oxidants 溫度、壓力、TDS Temperature, pressure, TDS 污垢物質(zhì)（細(xì)菌、金屬、硬度、無水硅酸） Foulants (bacteria, metals, hardness, silica) 運(yùn)行控制 Performance monitoring 抗鹽率/鹽損率 Percent salt rejection 正?；瘽B透流速 Normalized permeate flowrate 壓差 Differential pressure 進(jìn)水流速 Feedwater flowrate,日常操作和運(yùn)行參數(shù) Daily Operation & Performance Parameters,日期 Date 操作員名字 Operators initials 進(jìn)水SDI Feedwater silt density index (SDI) 進(jìn)水混濁 Feedwater turbidity 進(jìn)水溫度 Feedwater temperature 進(jìn)水溫度校正因素 Feedwater temperature correction factor 進(jìn)水的pH值 Feedwater pH 氧化劑濃度（如: Cl, 消毒殺菌劑） Oxidant concentration (i.e. Cl, sanitizer) 進(jìn)水傳導(dǎo)性或TDS Feedwater conductivity or TDS 滲透水傳導(dǎo)性或TDS Permeate conductivity or TDS 未滲透水傳導(dǎo)性或TDS Reject conductivity or TDS,抗鹽率(計(jì)算的) Percent salt rejection (calculated) 進(jìn)水(膜)壓力 Feed (membrane) pressure 滲透水壓力 Permeate pressure 未滲透水壓力 Reject pressure 凈壓差(計(jì)算的) Net differential pressure (calculated) 凈推動(dòng)壓 Net driving pressure 進(jìn)水流速 Feedwater flowrate 滲透水流速 Permeate flowrate 未滲透水流速 Reject flowrate 正?；瘽B透流速（計(jì)算的） Normalized permeate flowrate (calculated) 回收率(計(jì)算的) Percent recovery (calculated),關(guān)鍵參數(shù)位置 Location of Key Parameters,控制工具的位置 Location of Key Monitoring Tools,CLEANERS,進(jìn)消毒殺菌劑 SANITIZER FEED,進(jìn)氯 CHLORINE FEED,進(jìn)聚合體 OLYMER FEED,進(jìn)酸性亞硫酸鹽 BISULFITE FEED,ACID FEED,進(jìn)防水銹劑 /防垢劑 /ANTISCALANT/ ANTIFOULANT FEED,* SECONDARY,PRIMARY,* SECONDARY,* 當(dāng)進(jìn)水中離子水平0.5ppm時(shí)推薦第二進(jìn)水點(diǎn) Secondary feed points are recommended when iron levels 0.5 ppm in feed,PRIMARY,第一、第二進(jìn)水點(diǎn)的位置 Location of Primary and Secondary Feed Points,原始數(shù)據(jù) 比 正?；蟮臄?shù)據(jù) Raw Data vs. Normalized Data,趨向數(shù)據(jù) Trending Data,解決RO系統(tǒng)故障 Troubleshooting an RO System,檢查預(yù)處理控制系統(tǒng) Check pretreatment monitoring system 檢查儀表，校正 Check instrument calibration for accuracy 隔離RO問題部分 Isolate the location of problem RO elements 尋找性能失誤的可能原因 Investigate possible causes of performance loss 控制運(yùn)行，保證問題解決 Monitor performance to assure problem is fixed,探視RO容器 Probing an RO Vessel,可采用的服務(wù)或工具 Services & Tools Available,污染位置和影響 Fouling Location & Impact,使用運(yùn)行變量 Using the Performance Variables,清潔RO系統(tǒng)的時(shí)間：Time to clean the RO system when: 降低10-15%的正?；鬂B透水的流速（運(yùn)行的前200個(gè)小時(shí)后）10-15% decrease in normalized permeate flowrate (after first 200 hours of operation), or 降低1-2%的抗鹽率 1-2% decrease in percent salt rejection, or 提高10-15%的壓差 10-15% increase in differential pressure,正確的清潔維護(hù) Proper Cleaning Maintenance,Cleaning-In-Place (CIP) Skid,最佳膜清潔作法 Membrane Cleaning Best Practice,一步一步 Stage by Stage 正確的化學(xué)品使用方案 Right Chemical Program 充足的流速 Sufficient Flow Rate 清潔時(shí)間 Cleaning Duration 重開始運(yùn)行時(shí)的問題 Problems when back to the service.,維護(hù)RO的益處 Benefits of Maintaining an RO,降低運(yùn)行成本 Reduced operating costs 降低維護(hù)費(fèi)用 Reduced maintenance costs 縮短停工期 Reduced downtime 延長膜壽命 Extended membrane life 提高水質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量 Improved water quality and output,設(shè)計(jì)RO系統(tǒng) Designing a RO System,我需要多少滲透水產(chǎn)量 How much permeate production do I need 我需要怎樣的水質(zhì) What water quality do I need 是否對(duì)濃水有任何需要 Is there any use for the concentrate 監(jiān)測控制裝 Monitoring and control packages 我需要多少train How many trains do I need 進(jìn)水溫度,變化,熱回收如何 What is the feedwater temperature, variation, heat recovery 進(jìn)水質(zhì)量如何 What is the feedwater quality,預(yù)處理 Pretreatment 過濾 Filtration 重力/壓力 Gravity/pressure 多媒/綠砂 Multimedia/Greensand 濾筒類型和尺寸 Cartridge type and size 微生物 Microbio pH值控制 pH control 化學(xué)品使用 Chemical applications 分析器/自動(dòng)操作Analyzers/automation ORP/氯監(jiān)控 ORP/chlorine monitors,膜處理方案 Membrane Treatment Program,傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)用水的管理 Conventional Industrial Water Management,進(jìn)水處理 Feed Water Treatment,鍋爐 Boiler,澄清器Clarifier,冷卻塔 Cooling Towers,Process,Discharge,廢水處理工廠 Wastewater Treatment Plant,膜性能 Membrane Performance 21st 世紀(jì)工業(yè)用水系統(tǒng) Industrial Water Systems,Custom