生態(tài)學(xué)十大問題中英互譯

生態(tài)學(xué)翻譯（第三組3857）邵盈 城規(guī)112 201118020113英文原文：38 How can we use species traits as proxies to predicttrophic interaction strength?39 How well can community properties and responses toenvironmental change be predicted from the distributionof simple synoptic traits, e.g. body size, leaf area?40 How do species traits influence ecological networkstructure?41 When, if ever, can the combined effect of many weakinteractions, which are difficult to measure, be greaterthan the few strong ones we can easily measure?42 How widespread and important are indirect interactions(e.g. apparent competition, apparent mutualism) in ecologicalcommunities?43 How do spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneityinfluence diversity at different scales?44 How does species loss affect the extinction risk of theremaining species?45 What is the relative importance of stochastic vs. deterministicprocesses in controlling diversity and compositionof communities, and how does this vary acrossecosystem types?46 How do we predict mechanistically how many speciescan coexist in a given area?47 To what extent is local species composition and diversitycontrolled by dispersal limitation and the regionalspecies pool?48 What are the contributions of biogeographical factorsand evolutionary history in determining present dayecological processes?49 To what extent is primary producer diversity a driverof wider community diversity?50 How relevant are assembly rules in a world of biologicalinvasion?51 What is the relative importance of trophic and nontrophicinteractions in determining the composition ofcommunities?52 How important are dynamical extinction-recolonizationequilibria to the persistence of species assemblages infragmented landscapes?53 Which mechanisms allow the long-term coexistence ofgrasses and woody plants over a wide range of ecosystems?54 How do resource pulses affect resource use and interactionsbetween organisms?55 How important are rare species in the functioning ofecological communities?56 What is the feedback between diversity and diversification?57 What are the functional consequences of allelopathyfor natural plant communities?翻譯：38我們?nèi)绾问褂梦锓N的特征作為代理來預(yù)測營養(yǎng)相互作用強(qiáng)度？39 如何社會(huì)屬性和響應(yīng)環(huán)境變化可以預(yù)測從簡單的天氣的分布特征,如身體大小,樹葉面積?40 物種特征如何影響生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)?41 什么時(shí)候，或者有這個(gè)時(shí)候，那些弱的交互作用的綜合效果，就是那些很難計(jì)算的，能大于那些少數(shù)單個(gè)的交互效果。42 間接地交互有多普遍和重要在生態(tài)社區(qū)？43時(shí)空環(huán)境異質(zhì)性如何在不同尺度上影響多樣性?44物種如何喪失影響其余物種的滅絕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?45 什么是確定流程和隨機(jī)流程之間重要的關(guān)系對(duì)于控制的多樣性和組成的社區(qū)，然后這個(gè)怎么區(qū)分不同生態(tài)系統(tǒng)類型。46 我們?nèi)绾螜C(jī)械的預(yù)計(jì)多少物種能共存在一個(gè)指定區(qū)域？47局限性和區(qū)域物種池控制本地的物種組成和多樣性分散在什么程度上?48什么是生物地理因素和進(jìn)化歷史決定當(dāng)今生態(tài)過程的貢獻(xiàn)？49 到什么程度是初級(jí)生產(chǎn)者會(huì)達(dá)到更廣泛的社區(qū)的多樣性50 生物入侵和我們這個(gè)世界的構(gòu)成有多大的關(guān)系。51 在群體構(gòu)成中，什么是有營養(yǎng)和沒營養(yǎng)最重要的交互關(guān)系。52 動(dòng)態(tài)消光再殖民均衡物種組合在的破