狀語從句精講.ppt

狀語從句,在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語稱作狀語從句，它可以用來修飾謂語或是整個句子。,狀語從句,狀語從句,狀語從句,時間狀語從句 地點(diǎn)狀語從句 原因狀語從句 目的狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句 條件狀語從句 方式狀語從句 讓步狀語從句 比較狀語從句,時間狀語從句,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的連詞有：,when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。,I will tell him when he comes back.,連接詞when的用法小結(jié) when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞 可以是可延續(xù) 也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞(非延續(xù)性)。 如When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore. 2. 可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時，這時”，相當(dāng)于 and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： (剛要這時突然) 記憶 Sb. was doing something was about to do sth + when was on the point of doing sth. had just done sth I was walking along the street , when I met him I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. 3. 還可以表示原因“既然”，相當(dāng)于since; considering that。如： Why do you walk when you have a car? 既然你有車為什么要步行呢？ .,連接詞when的用法,1 when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞 可以是延續(xù)性動詞 也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞(非延續(xù)性)。,When the film ended, the people went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore.,2 when表示 “就在這時” 在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示某件 事正在發(fā)生或剛剛發(fā)生，另一動作同時發(fā)生。 be about to do when be doing when had done when,We were about to start when it began to rain. I was playing computer games when mom came in.,連接詞while的用法,1. while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，在期間，往往指一段時間。如：,While we were talking, he came in. Please dont talk so loud while others are working.,2. while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，側(cè)重主句動作和從句動作相對比。,We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.,3. while可表示盡管，相當(dāng)于although。,while 含義： While I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend. ( while =_) He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_) While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_) While there is life there is hope. (while=_),when,although,as long as,but,連詞when，while，as的用法,1while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞必須是可延續(xù)的， 而when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞是可延續(xù)的，也 可以是表短暫性動作的動詞。,When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.,(不可延續(xù)，短暫性動詞，只可以用when，不可用while),2表示“隨著”，連詞用as，不用when或while。,As the day went on, the weather got worse.,3如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動作的進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示在一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作時，when, while 與as 可互換使用。,When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.,4.從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個從句，不可用as或while。,When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.,連接詞before,We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. Please write it down before you forget it. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.,“才”,“不到就”,“趁”,“還沒來得及”,Before從句中謂語不用否定式,Before they reached the station, the train had gone.,句型It will be/was一段時間before“還要過多久才”,句型It will be/was not一段時間before“多久就”,It will be two years before he leaves the country.,It wasnt two years before he left the country.,連接詞since,在it is/ has been +段時間+since從句中，時間的計算從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。,It is three years since I smoked a cigar. It is three years since I began to smoke.,我不吸煙有三年了。,我吸煙有三年了。,since,在it is/ has been +段時間+since從句中，時間的計算從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。如： It is three years since she was in our class. It is three years since he lived here 她離開我們班有三年了。 他不住這兒有三年了。 比較 it is three years since I smoked a cigar. It is three years since I began to smoke. 我不吸煙有三年了。 我吸煙有三年了,No sooner than - 一就 He had no sooner arrived than he went away again.,No sooner had he arrived than he went away again,no sooner than 用于句首要求倒裝,Hardly when,Scarcely when,till，until 和not until的用法,1.until/till引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞 是延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到 until/till所表示的時間，意為“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時 間點(diǎn)才停止”。,We waited until he came.,2用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，從句 為肯定，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”,He wont go to bed till/until she returns.,3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： 4notuntil句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：,Until you told me I had no idea of it.,It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,It wasnt until nearly a month later _ I received the managers reply. A. since B. when C. as D. that,2. It was nearly a month _I received the managers reply.,3. It was nearly 9 oclock _I received the managers reply.,4. It was nearly at 9 oclock _I received the managers reply.,before,when,that,考點(diǎn): 易混淆句型 it is + 時間+ since before when that It is five years _he finished his research. It was five years _he finished his research. It was five years later _he finished his research. It was 5 oclock _ he got home. It was at 5 oclock _ he got home.,when,that,since,before,that,Once you see him, you will never forget him.,Once - 一但就,引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連接詞有:,If, unless, as long as, in case, provided that, on condition that,條件狀語從句,If -如果,If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.,If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled.,If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now.,Unless - 如果不, 除非=if not,We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight,= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.,Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.,He will not join us unless he changes his mind.,As long as - 只要,We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.,You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.,A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.,As (so) far as - 據(jù)所知,As far as I know, he speaks English very well.,As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.,In case - 假使, 如果 萬一,The plane cannot take off in case it rains.,Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.,Provided that 如果,有時省略 that,The plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.,You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape and you have got the proper education.,On condition that - 條件是,He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.,The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.,注:主從句的動作發(fā)生在將來時，則主句用將來時, 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。,If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.,He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.,地點(diǎn)狀語從句,地點(diǎn)狀語從句只有兩個連詞:,Where, wherever,Where - 在地方,Put the medicine where you can easily get it.,Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses.,Where there is a will, there is a way.,Wherever - 無論哪里,He follows her wherever she goes.,Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.,在地點(diǎn)狀語從句之前，不要使用介詞。 【誤】You should put the book at where it was. 【正】You should put the book where it was. 你應(yīng)該把書放在原來的地方。 【誤】We should go to where we are needed most. 【正】We should go where we are needed most. 我們應(yīng)該到最需要我們的地方去。,原因狀語從句,because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, for, seeing that 這六個連詞都用于表示表示原因, 但在語氣上一個比一個弱.,Because - 因為,通常從句放在主句后.,Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.,He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.,because 和for的區(qū)別。 for 是并列連詞，只用于連接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表示原因時，可位于句首。 【誤】For he did not obey the rules, he was punished. 【正】Because he did not obey the rules, he was punished.,As - 因為, 通常放在句首,As it is quite windy today, he decides,As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.,Since -既然 因語氣較弱, 常譯為既然,Since everybody has come, we can set off.,Since the purser didnt tell us what to do, we can relax.,Now that - 既然,Now that you are here, you can join us.,Now that all airlines offer discount prices, we should do the same.,considering that - 顧及到,Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.,seeing that - 由于,Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.,結(jié)果狀語從句,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：,that, so that, sothat suchthat,So that - 太以至于 so 后面應(yīng)用形容詞或副詞, 有時省略so只用that,Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.,The flight scheduled so early that nobody wanted to look on it.,So that - 因而，以便，為了 有時so 可以省去,Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.,Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.,Such that -太以至于 用法與sothat相同，但such 后面應(yīng)用名詞。,The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.,6.目的狀語從句,引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的主要連詞有:,that, so that, in order that, for fear that, lest,Lets take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly.,(So) that - 以便, 從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等,in order that - 為了, 與so that 相同從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等,School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.,for fear that - 生怕; 為了防止(某事發(fā)生),He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.,The instructor emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.,in case - 萬一,Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.,You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.,Please take an umbrella in case it rains.,Lest - 以防萬一,The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.,The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.,比較狀語從句,引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的連詞有：,Asas, not so (as)as, . than, the more the more.,Asas - 像一樣,If you dont want to miss the flight, you need to be at the airport as early as possible.,My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.,Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food for the body.,Not so (as) as - 不像,The job is not so difficult as I thought it would be.,The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.,than -比怎么樣，用于事物間的比較，more 后面用形容詞或副詞,People believe that being a stewardess is better than most of the other jobs.,I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones,The more, the more - 越 越,The more he listened to that song, the less he enjoyed it.,The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is.,必背：常見的比較句型。,His father is twice double as old as he (is). His father is two times older than he . 他爸爸的年齡是他的兩倍。 Our new school is three times bigger than the old one. 我們的新學(xué)校比老學(xué)校大三倍。 Our new school is four times as big as the old ne. 我們的新學(xué)校是老學(xué)校的四倍大。 Our new school is four times the size of the old one. 我們的新學(xué)校是老學(xué)校的四倍。,8.讓步狀語從句,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：,Although, though, as, even if, even though, no matter, however, whatever, while, whether,Although, though -雖然 although 和though 可以互換，但although 常放在句首。Though可以用于倒裝。,Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off.,Although it was not his fault, he took all the blame.,Though he did his best, he didnt succeed.,Child though he was, he did quite well.,As - 盡管 as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子通常倒裝。可與though 互換。,Busy as he is, he never misses a football match.,Hard as she works, she makes little progress.,Even if /even though -即使,Even if you dont like your boss, you should do your work.,Even if you are not fond of flowers, you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.,Even though I might be wrong, I will go my way.,Even though his dean didnt mean it, he still felt embarrassed.,However - 不論， however 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，句子通常倒裝,He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.,The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.,N o matter (what, when, where, how) -無論（什么，何時，何地，怎樣）,The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.,Please tell me the result no matter when you get it.,He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.,I will find you no matter where you hide.,Whatever - 不管,Whatever other people may say, she wont change her mind.,Whatever you do, it wont affect our plan.,While -盡管,While I have sympathy for you, I cant help you.,While its none of my business, I will watch you.,Whether -不管，常與or not 連用,Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.,Whether his proposal is practical or not, the department plans to adopt.,9. 方式狀語從句,方式狀語從句常由:,as, as if, as though,as -與 一樣,Do in Rome as the Romans do.,Leave things as they are.,as if, as though - 仿佛, 由as if或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語氣,She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.,1._ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a success. A. If B. Whenever C. Unless D. Whatever,2.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easily walk to the station. A. before B. that C. unless D. when,3.Ill accept any job, _ I dont have to get up early. A. even though B. though C. in case D. as long as,4._ problems you have, you can always come to me for help. A. What B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Which,6.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C.s