中級培訓(xùn)第二模塊之一參數(shù).ppt

中級培訓(xùn)第二模塊 一,參 數(shù),中國移動通信集團(tuán)河南有限公司網(wǎng)優(yōu)專家小組,課程時(shí)間,08:15 開始 12:45 結(jié)束 15:00 開始 17:30 結(jié)束 約二天時(shí)間。,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Contents,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Time Slots and Frames,0,1,2,24,25,0,1,2,49,50,0,7,Hyperframe = 2048 Superframes,Superframe = 26x51 or 51x26 Multiframes,26 Multiframe = 120 ms,51 Multiframe = 235 ms,TDMA frame = 4.615 ms,TCH,SIGN.,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Burst Period,0,7,TDMA frame = 4.615 ms = BURST PERIOD,0,0,0,f,s,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Logical Channels, Downlink,BSS - MS,BCH,CCCH,FCCH,SCH,BCCH,PCH,AGCH,DCCH,TCH,SDCCH,SACCH,FACCH,TCH/F,TCH/H,COMMON CHANNELS,DEDICATED CHANNELS,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Logical Channels, Uplink,MS - BSS,CCCH,RACH,DCCH,SDCCH,SACCH,FACCH,COMMON CHANNELS,DEDICATED CHANNELS,TCH,TCH/F,TCH/H,FCCH頻率校正信道：給提供一個(gè)標(biāo)志，使它們在若干之間發(fā)現(xiàn)包含廣播傳輸?shù)?，移動臺開機(jī)后，搜尋這個(gè)信號 SCH同步信道:包含基站識別碼BSIC和簡化的TDMA幀號.BSIC用于識別不同的小區(qū),TDMA幀號用于話間加密. BCCH廣播控制信道:包含了詳細(xì)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)和小區(qū)信息, 如:服務(wù)區(qū)和鄰小區(qū)的頻率. 跳頻序列,信道組合方式,COMBINE 等; 尋呼組,通常一個(gè)小區(qū)有多個(gè)尋呼信道,為了防止移動臺為了一個(gè)尋呼消息而偵聽所有的尋呼信道,尋呼信道以只有某一組移動臺偵聽某一特定的尋呼信道的方式分開;鄰小區(qū)信息,MS必須知道目前小區(qū)的鄰區(qū)是什么,以及它們廣播頻率. PCH尋呼信道:下行,尋呼用戶時(shí)用,它是由位置區(qū)的所有BTS廣播的. RACH隨機(jī)接入信道:CCCH中唯一的上行鏈路.用于MS啟動一事務(wù),主叫,或作為PCH的應(yīng)答. AGCH準(zhǔn)許接入信道;為MS指派一個(gè)SDCCH,是下行的. SDCCH獨(dú)立專用控制信道,用于呼叫建立,鑒權(quán),位置更新,TCH分配,短消息. SACCH慢隨路控制信道:SACCH伴隨著SDCCH和TCH,用于發(fā)送測量報(bào)告,功率控制,時(shí)間校準(zhǔn),MS通話時(shí)發(fā)送短信. FACCH快隨路控制信道:用于切換時(shí),它與一個(gè)TCH對應(yīng),代替20MS的話間,工作于偷幀模式. TCH業(yè)務(wù)信道:傳送話音與數(shù)據(jù),TCHF是全速13.3Kbit/s,TCHH是半速率5.6, EFR增加型全速率,13.3,但編碼方式與全速率不同,在話音質(zhì)量上有更一步提高.,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Configuration of Signalling Channels,0,7,Separated Configuration,Combined Configuration,0,7,ts0=bcch/pch/agch,ts1=sdcch/8,ts0=bcch/sdcch/4/pch/agch,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Combined CCCH/SDCCH/4 Multiframe,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,f,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,s,f,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,t,t,t,t,r,r,s,f,s,s,s,s,s,s,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,s,f,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,f,r,r,r,r,t,r,t,t,t,r,f,t,t,t,r,t,r,t,t,t,Downlink,Uplink,CHANNELS f = FCCH b = BCCH r = RACH i=idle s = SCH/SACCH c = CCCH t = SDCCH/4,51 TDMA frames = 235 ms,t,0,50,1.,2.,3.,4.,i,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,s,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,s,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,f,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,f,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,f,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,f,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,r,Downlink,Uplink,CHANNELS f = FCCH b = BCCH r = RACH i=idle s = SCH c = CCCH = PCH/AGCH,51 TDMA frames = 235 ms,r,0,50,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS BCCH/CCCH Multiframe,i,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS SDCCH/8 Multiframe,Downlink,Uplink,CHANNELS t = SDCCH/8 s = SACCH/8 i=idle,51 TDMA frames = 235 ms,1.,2.,3.,5.,6.,7.,8.,4.,CHANNEL CONFIGURATION Number of Blocks for AGCH only,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,s,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,s,BCCH/CCCH,CHANNELS f = FCCH b = BCCH t = SDCCH/4 i=idle s = SCH/SACCH c = CCCH = PCH/AGCH,51 TDMA frames = 235 ms,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,f,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,s,f,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,BCCH/SDCCH/4,i,i,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Full Rate Traffic Channel (TCH) Multiframe,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,t,t,t,t,t,Downlink and Uplink,CHANNELS t = TCH s = SACCH i=idle,t,s,26 TDMA frames = 120 ms,0,25,i,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Half Rate Traffic Channel (TCH) Multiframe,Downlink and Uplink,CHANNELS t = TCH s = SACCH i=idle,26 TDMA frames = 120 ms,0,25,Downlink and Uplink,CHANNELS t = TCH s = SACCH i=idle,26 TDMA frames = 120 ms,0,25,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS SDCCH Capacity,Location updates,Short Message Service imsi attached/detached,Call setup,SDCCH used in,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS SDCCH Capacity (a),Example (Call establishment and Location Update included) Call Establishment 2 TRXs / Cell 8.11 Erl / Cell (1% Blocking probability) 1,5 min / Subs / BH = 25 mErl. / Subs 8,11 Erl / Cell /25 mErl. / Subs = 325 Subs / Cell Authentication and Ciphering = 7 sec = 1.94 mErl / Call (SDCCH reservation time) = 325 Calls / Cell * 1.94 mErl / Call = 0.6305 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Location Update Location Updates once in 60 minutes ( parameter timerPeriodicUpdateMS ) 325 Subs / Cell SDCCH reservation time for Location Update = 7 sec = 1.94 mErl = 325 Calls / Cell * 1.94 mErl / Call = 0.6305 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Call Establishment and Location Update together 0.632 Erl + 0.632 Erl = 1.261 Erl / Cell With 1% Blocking Probability ( Erlang B table ) = 5 SDCCH / Cell Combined BCCH/SDCCH channel structure is not possible in this case ! Separate Configuration (1 BCCH/CCCH and 1 SDCCH/8) is needed!,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Erlang B Table,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS SDCCH Capacity (b),Example (Call establishment and Location Update included) Call Establishment 2 TRXs / Cell 8.11 Erl / Cell (1% Blocking probability) 1,5 min / Subs / BH = 25 mErl. / Subs 8,11 Erl / Cell /25 mErl. / Subs = 325 Subs / Cell Authentication and Ciphering = 7 sec = 1.94 mErl / Call (SDCCH reservation time) = 325 Calls / Cell * 1.94 mErl / Call = 0.6305 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Location Update Location Updates once in 120 minutes ( parameter timerPeriodicUpdateMS ) 325 Subs / Cell SDCCH reservation time for Location Update = 7 sec = 1.94 mErl = 325 Calls / Cell * 1.94 mErl / Call * 1/2 = 0.31525 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Call Establishment and Location Update together 0.6305 Erl/Cell + 0.31525 Erl/Cell = 0.94575 Erl/Cell (SDCCH) With 1% Blocking Probability ( Erlang B table ) = 4 SDCCH / Cell Combined BCCH/SDCCH channel structure is possible in this case !,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS SDCCH Capacity (c),Example (Call establishment and Location Update included) Call Establishment 2 TRXs / Cell 8,11 Erl / Cell (1% Blocking probability) 1,5 min / Subs / BH = 25 mErl. / Subs 8,11 Erl / Cell /25 mErl. / Subs = 325 Subs / Cell Authentication and Ciphering = 7 sec = 1,94 mErl / Call (SDCCH reservation time) = 325 Calls / Cell * 1,94 mErl / Call = 0,6305 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Location Update Location Updates once in 120 minutes ( parameter timerPeriodicUpdateMS ) 325 Subs / Cell SDCCH reservation time for Location Update = 7 sec = 1,94 mErl = 325 Calls / Cell * 1,94 mErl / Call * 1/2 = 0,31525 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) SMS SMS traffic estimation 1.0 mErl / subscriber = 325 Calls / Cell * 1 mErl / Call = 0,325 Erl / Cell (SDCCH) Call Establishment, Location Update and SMS together 0,6305 Erl/Cell + 0,31525 Erl/Cell + 0,325 Erl/Call = 1,27075Erl/Cell (SDCCH) With 1% Blocking Probability ( Erlang B table ) = 5 SDCCH / Cell Separated channel structure is possible in this case,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Paging Capacity,Example Combined BCCH / SDCCH Configuration One Block Reserved for AGCH = 2 Blocks for PCH Paged Mobile Stations per Paging_Request Message :From 2 to 4, in Average 3 In Average 2 Pages per Mobile Station 3 Pages/Blocks * 2 Blocks = 6 Pages every 51-frames Multiframe ( 235 ms. ) 2 Pages / Paged MS = 3 Paged MS every 235 ms. ( ( 3600 * 1000 ) / 235 ) * 3 = 45957 Paged MS per Hour. Worst Case All Transactions are Mobile Terminating All Cells in Location Area get the same PCH Load Capacity With one TRX 2.95 Erl. 25 mErl. / subs. = 120 subscribers,Capacity of PCH calculated for a Location Area,CHANNEL CONFIGURATION Number Of Blocks for Access Grant,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,s,f,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,s,BCCH/CCCH,CHANNELS f = FCCH b = BCCH t = SDCCH/4 s = SCH/SACCH c = CCCH = PCH/AGCH,51 TDMA frames = 235 ms,f,s,b,b,b,b,c,f,c,f,c,s,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,c,f,c,f,s,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,f,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,t,f,s,f,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,s,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1,2,3,BCCH/SDCCH/4,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS CCCH Improvements (1),numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant (AG) = 0 , setting Pages used to have always priority in CCCH blocks no matter what numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant setting was. Now ,If numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant =0 then AGCH messages would have priority over PCH messages. If numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant 0 then PCH messages would have priority over AGCH messages . Thus capacity can be dynamically shared between PCH and AGCH = better throughput for PCH especially for combined-BCCH,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Number of Multiframes Between Paging(MFR),# of 51 TDMA frame multiframes (29) between transmissions of Paging_Request messages to mobiles of the same paging group. # of paging groups = numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant * noOMultiframesBetweenPaging = Page / group every 2 . 9 * 235 ms = 0.47 . 2.115 s Mobile Station calculates its Paging Group based on IMSI and on the Number of Paging Groups.,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Number of Multiframes Between Paging,Affects of the # of the Paging Groups Battery Consumption of the Mobile Station 手機(jī)省電 Speed of Call Setups 呼叫速度 根據(jù)CCCH、AG和MFR的定義，可以計(jì)算出每個(gè)小區(qū)尋呼子信道的個(gè)數(shù)： 當(dāng)CCCH與SDCCH共用一個(gè)物理信道時(shí)：（3AG）MFR。 當(dāng)CCCH不與SDCCH共用物理信道時(shí)：（9AG）MFR。 當(dāng)參數(shù)MFR越大，小區(qū)的尋呼子信道數(shù)也越多，相應(yīng)屬于每個(gè)尋呼子信道的用戶數(shù)越少（參見GSM規(guī)范05.02尋呼組計(jì)算方式），因此尋呼信道的承載能力加強(qiáng),上述優(yōu)點(diǎn)的獲得是以犧牲尋呼消息在無線信道上的平均時(shí)延為代價(jià)的，即MFR越大使尋呼消息在空間段的時(shí)間延遲增大，系統(tǒng)的平均服務(wù)性能降低。,設(shè)置MFR時(shí)建議參考下列原則： MFR的選擇以保證尋呼信道不發(fā)生過載為原則，在此前提下應(yīng)使該參數(shù)盡可能小。 一般建議：對尋呼信道負(fù)載很大的地區(qū)（通常指話務(wù)量很大的區(qū)域）， MFR設(shè)置為8或9（即以8個(gè)或9個(gè)復(fù)幀作為尋呼組的循環(huán)）；對尋呼信道負(fù)載一般的地區(qū)（通常指話務(wù)量適中的區(qū)域），MFR設(shè)置為6或7（即以6個(gè)或7個(gè)復(fù)幀作為尋呼組的循環(huán)）；對尋呼信道負(fù)載較小的地區(qū)（通常指話務(wù)量較小的區(qū)域），MFR設(shè)置為4或5（即以4個(gè)或5個(gè)復(fù)幀作為尋呼組的循環(huán)）。 在運(yùn)行的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中應(yīng)定期測量尋呼信道的過載情況，并以此為根據(jù)適當(dāng)調(diào)整 MFR的數(shù)值。,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS RACH Controlling,RET:Number of retransmission = maxNumberRetransmission (1, 2, 4, 7) 當(dāng)對信道請求無響應(yīng)時(shí)，允許手機(jī)重發(fā)請求的最大次數(shù),SLO:window = numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans (3 . 12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32, 50),0,0,1 RACH (Re)transmission during the window,= Total time for RACH = maxNumberRetransmission * numberOfSLotsSpreadTrans +.,TDMA-frames,三個(gè)參數(shù)，即：發(fā)送分布時(shí)隙數(shù)SLO、最大重發(fā)次數(shù)RET和與參數(shù)SLO及信道組合有關(guān)的參數(shù)S。,參數(shù)SLO越大，移動臺發(fā)送信道請求消息之間的間隔的變化范圍越大，RACH沖突的次數(shù)相應(yīng)減少。參數(shù)S越大，移動臺發(fā)送信道請求消息之間的間隔越大，RACH信道上的沖突減少，然而，參數(shù)SLO和S的增大卻會延長移動臺的接入時(shí)間，從而導(dǎo)致整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的接入性能下降，因此必須選擇合適的SLO和S。,CHANNEL CONFIGURATIONS Parameters Related to Signalling,noOfMultiframesBetweenPaging(MFR) 2 . 9,numberOfBlocksForAccessGrant (AG) 0 . 7 (if BCCH/CCCH used) 0 . 2 (if combined BCCH/SDCCH used),maxNumberRetransmission(RET) 1, 2, 4, 7 (RACH control),numberOfSlotsSpreadTrans(SLO) 3 . 12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32, 50 (RACH control),Parameters,Value,IDLE MODE,什么是 手機(jī)開機(jī) 沒有專用連接 會選擇一個(gè)最適合的小區(qū)接入以收聽下行上的系統(tǒng)信息，需要時(shí)可發(fā)起呼叫，當(dāng)被叫時(shí)可被網(wǎng)絡(luò)定位 的三個(gè)任務(wù)： 選網(wǎng) 小區(qū)選擇和小區(qū)重選 位置更新,locationAreaId,ncc (Network Colour Code) 0 7 bcc (BTS Colour Code) 0 7,bsIdentityCode,cell-ID 0 65535,Parameter,Value,trainingSequenceCode 0 7,IDLE MODE OPERATION IDs and ID Codes,mcc (Mobile Country Code) 0 999 mnc (Mobile Network Code) 0 99 lac (Location Area Code) 0 65535,Cell Global Identity(CGI) MCC + MNC + LAC + CI,IDLE MODE OPERATION BaseStation Identity Code (BSIC),BSIC is a combination of NCC and BCC Reported in Measurement Results to BSC Can be listed in Hex or Decimal,IDLE MODE OPERATION Base Station Colour Code,MNC = Operator,MCC = Country e.g Finland,LAC 1 = Helsinki,LAC 2,LAC 3,LAC 4,f1,f2,f3,f1,f1,bcc = 1,bcc = 2,bcc = 3,Neighbour list of f3: f1 f2 .,Location Area Code,BSC,BTS,BTS,BTS,1,2,n,initialFrequency 1 . 124 GSM 900 512 885 GSM 1800 512 810 GSM 1900,Parameter,Value,bCCHAllocation-ID 1 . 128(660) in GSM bCCHAllocationList 1 . 124 in GSM ( max. 32 freq. for all bands),(IDLE)idleStateBCCHAllocation(空閑模式) 0 (BCCH list is taken from the adjacent cell) 1 . 128(660) (number of the BCCH list used) (ACT)measurementBCCHAllocation(占用模式)ADJ (BCCH frequency list taken from adj. cell) IDLE (active MS uses the same list as MS in IDLE mode),IDLE MODE OPERATION Frequencies,plmnpermitted(PLMN) 0 . 7,Parameter Value,IDLE MODE OPERATION PLMN Selection,Two Modes（手機(jī)設(shè)置，自動還是手動設(shè)置PLMN的選擇） Automatic Manual,該參數(shù)的設(shè)置不當(dāng)可能是引起掉話的主要原因之一。,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Selection in Idle Mode,Two methods: a) Normal cell selection b) Stored list cell selection (opt),If no suitable cell found with with method b) then a) is tried. b)搜尋上次關(guān)機(jī)時(shí),手機(jī)中存的那個(gè)頻點(diǎn),如果沒有進(jìn)行a)所有頻點(diǎn)全聽, 找一個(gè)最好的。,IDLE MODE OPERATION Suitable cell to camp on,Cell is in the selected PLMN Cell is not barred It is not in a forbidden location area for national roaming 位置區(qū)是允許的 C1 0,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Barred,Existing Layer Barred, No,New Microcell Layer Barred, Yes,Call setup on macro,GPS-satellite,Measurement System,cellBarQualify(QUA) Y cell bar can be overridden不考慮CELLBAR N cell bar can not be overridden 要聽CELLBAR,Example,cellBarred(BAR) Y cell is barred N cell is not barred,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Selection in Idle Mode- Implementation,Radio Criteria C1 = (A - Max(B,0) A = Received Level Average - p1 B = p2 - Maximum RF Output Power of the Mobile Station p1 = rxLevelAccessMin Min. received level at the MS required for access to the system p2 = msTxPowerMaxCCH Max. Tx power level an MS may use when accessing the system,rxLevelAccessMin(RXP) -110 . -47 msTxPowerMaxCCH(TXP1) 5 39,Parameter Value,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Re-selection in Idle Mode,Cell re-selection is needed if Path Loss criterion C1 最大重傳次數(shù),MS will calculate the C1 and C2 for the serving cell, every 5 s MS will calculate the C1 and C2 for the neighbour cells, every 5 s,cellReselectParamInd(PI) Y C2 reselection parameters are broadcast N C2 reselection parameters are not broadcast,cellReselectOffset (REO) 0 . 126 (dB) 2 dB step penaltyTime(PET) 20 . 640 (s) 20 s step temporaryOffset(TEO) 0 . 70(dB) 10 dB step (the value is negative),Parameter Value,C1 + cellReselectOffset - temporaryOffset*H(penaltyTime-T) penaltyTime,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Re-selection with C2, continues,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Re-selection,cellReselectHysteresis(HYS) (0 14 dB) (mentioned in RR Management in IDLE mode Control).,A = 4 dB,B = 6 dB,C = 8 dB,A,B,C,1,2,1,2,MS Moving,A,B,C,LA1,LA2,IDLE MODE OPERATION Cell Re-selection,cellReselectHysteresis (0 14 dB),cellReselectHysteresis,The nominal LA border,The real LA border,L1,L2,timerPeriodicUpdateMS(PER) 0.0 . 25.5 (hours) allowIMSIAttachDetach (ATT) Yes/No,Parameter Value,IDLE MODE OPERATION Location Update,MS = MSC / VLR Mobile Station switched ON No IMSI Attach / Detach Same Location Area = No Location Update Different Location Area = Location Update Change of the Location Area Location Area under the same MSC / VLR Location Area under another MSC /VLR = HLR will be updated Service is rejected (MS unknown in VLR) Time Periodic (MS - MSC/VLR),GSM系統(tǒng)中發(fā)生位置更新的原因主要有兩類，一種是移動臺發(fā)現(xiàn)其所在的位置區(qū)發(fā)生變化（LAC不同）；另一種是網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)定移動臺周期地進(jìn)行位置更新。周期位置更新的頻度是由網(wǎng)絡(luò)控制的，周期長度由參數(shù)PER確定。 PER的取值范圍為6分鐘25小時(shí)30分，以6分鐘為步長。 PER設(shè)置為0表示小區(qū)中不用周期的位置更新。 周期位置更新是網(wǎng)絡(luò)與移動用戶保持緊密聯(lián)系的一種重要手段，因此周期時(shí)間越短，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的總體服務(wù)性能越好。但頻繁的周期更新有兩個(gè)負(fù)作用：一是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的信令流量大大增加，對無線資源的利用率降低，在嚴(yán)重時(shí)會直接影響系統(tǒng)中各個(gè)實(shí)體的處理能力（包括MSC、BSC和BTS）；另一方面則使移動臺的功耗增大，使系統(tǒng)中移動臺的平均待機(jī)時(shí)間大大縮短。因此PER的設(shè)置需權(quán)衡網(wǎng)絡(luò)各方面的資源利用情況而定。,IMSI分離過程是指移動臺向網(wǎng)絡(luò)通告它正從工作狀態(tài)進(jìn)入非工作狀態(tài)（通常指關(guān)機(jī)過程），或SIM卡已從移動臺中取出的過程。網(wǎng)絡(luò)在收到移動臺的通告后將指示該IMSI用戶處于非工作狀態(tài)，因此以該用戶作為被叫的接續(xù)請求將被拒絕。與分離過程相應(yīng)的是IMSI結(jié)合過程，它是指移動臺向網(wǎng)絡(luò)通告它已進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)（通常指開機(jī)過程），或SIM卡再次被插入移動臺。移動臺重新進(jìn)入工作狀態(tài)后將檢測當(dāng)前所在位置區(qū)（LAI）是否和最后記錄在移動臺中的LAI相同，若相同則移動臺啟動IMSI結(jié)合過程，否則移動臺啟動位置更新過程（代替IMSI結(jié)合過程）。網(wǎng)絡(luò)接收到位置更新或IMSI結(jié)合過程后，將指示該IMSI用戶正處于工作狀態(tài)。 參數(shù)ATT用于通知移動臺，在本小區(qū)內(nèi)是否允許進(jìn)行IMSI結(jié)合和分離過程。 ATT的取值有2種，即是或否（YES/NO）。NO表示不允許移動臺啟動IMSI結(jié)合和分離過程；YES則表示移動臺必須啟用結(jié)合和分離過程。ATT標(biāo)志通常應(yīng)設(shè)置為YES，以便在移動臺關(guān)機(jī)后網(wǎng)絡(luò)不再處理以該用戶為被叫的接續(xù)過程，這樣不僅節(jié)約了網(wǎng)絡(luò)各個(gè)實(shí)體的處理時(shí)間，還可以大大節(jié)約網(wǎng)絡(luò)的許多資源（如尋呼信道等）。 ATT的設(shè)置必須注意：在同一位置區(qū)的不同小區(qū)其ATT設(shè)置必須相同。因?yàn)椋苿优_在ATT為YES的小區(qū)中關(guān)機(jī)時(shí)啟動IMSI分離過程，網(wǎng)絡(luò)將記錄該用戶處于非工作狀態(tài)并拒絕所有以該用戶為被叫的接續(xù)請求。若移動臺再次開機(jī)時(shí)處于它關(guān)機(jī)時(shí)的同一位置區(qū)（因此不啟動位置更新過程）但不同的小區(qū)，而該小區(qū)ATT設(shè)置為NO，因此移動臺也不啟動IMSI結(jié)合過程。在這種情況下，該用戶將無法正常成為被叫直到它啟動位置更新過程。,MEASUREMENTS Contents,1. Coding Level and Quality 2. MS Measurements in Idle Mode 3. MS Measurements in Dedicated Mode,MEASUREMENTS Coding of Level and Quality,LEVEL,QUALITY,P (dBm) FS (dBuV/m) LEV -110 27 0 -109 28 1 -108 29 2 . . . . . . . . . -49 88 61 -48 89 62 -47 90 63,BER (%) BER (%) QUAL RANGE MEAN 12.8 18.1 7,900 MHz,P=Power FS= Field Strength LEV= Level,BSC,BSC,MEASUREMENTS MS Measurements in IDLE Mode(GSM Specs),MS has to decode BCCH of serving (camped) cell every 30 s MS has to decode BCCH of adjacent cells at least every 5 min Pre-synchronization（預(yù)同步） and BSIC-decoding of neighbours Once in 30 s List of 6 best neighbours is updated every 60 s New neighbour BCCH decoding in 30 s,MEASUREMENTS MS Measurements in DEDICATED Mode (1),Measures the Lev and Qual of the Server,Detects whether DTX is used,26-FRAME MULTIFRAME 120 ms,TDMA FRAMES:,TCH,SACCH,IDLE,Measures the BA frequencies (System Info 5),BSIC decoding of at least one neighbour,Pre-Synchronization on SCH,TDMA FRAME 4.615 ms,SACCH PERIOD = 480 ms,RX,TX,RX,TX,RX,TX,MEAS,MEAS,MEAS,MEASUREMENTS MS Measurements in DEDICATED Mode (2) (GSM specs),Pre-synchronization and BSIC-decoding of adjacent cells Once in 10 s New neighbour 5 s decoding BSIC + Pre-synchronization If not succesfull Old neighbour list + New try Measurement results of 6 best neighbours will be sent to BSC Every SACCH period 480 msec.,MEASUREMENT PROCESSING Contents,1. Pre-Processing in BTS 2. Averaging and Sampling 3. DTX and Weighting 4. Processing in BSC 5. Bookkeeping 6. Parameters related to Measurements and Measurement Processing,btsMeasAver(BMA) 1 . 4 (SACCH Period),Parameter Value,MEASUREMENT PROCESSING Pre-processing in BTS,For MS and BTS measurements Average measurements over 1, 2, 3 or 4 SACCH-period Cause a delay (btsMeasAver-1) x 480 ms Reduce a transmission load and a processing load in BSC,BTS和MS必須對處于激活狀態(tài)的無線信道進(jìn)行測量（包括接收電平和接收質(zhì)量的測量）。MS需將測量結(jié)果以測量報(bào)告的形式通過SACCH報(bào)告給BTS。BTS則需對由BTS測量的上行結(jié)果和由MS測量的下行結(jié)果進(jìn)行平均統(tǒng)計(jì)，以此為功率控制和越區(qū)切換的依據(jù)。對