全面探究“so...that…和such...that…”的用法特點

so.that和such.that的用法特點 In fact，his English in one of these articles was so good that Engels wrote him a letter and praised him for it.事實上，他的那些文章中有一篇是用很漂亮的英文寫成的，以至于恩格斯為此寫了一封信對他加以贊賞。 He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newspaper.他進(jìn)步得很快，不久就開始用英文給美國一家報紙寫文章了。 在上述兩句中，that后面的分句都是結(jié)果狀語從句，意思都是“(如此)以至.”。由于其前的so是副詞，such是形容詞，因此這兩個句型在構(gòu)成上也有一定的差異。現(xiàn)將兩個句型的用法特點概述如下:一、兩種句型的結(jié)構(gòu)形式一)so.that引導(dǎo)四種不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu):1. so+形容詞(表語)+ that從句。例如:It was so cold outside that we had to stop the gunce.外面天氣太冷了。我們不得不停止比賽。The picture is so beautiful that everyone likes it.那幅畫是那樣好看，以至大家都喜歡它。The weather is so fine that all the children want to go out toplay.天氣如此好，所有的孩子都想出去玩一會兒。2. so+形容詞+a (n)+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。例如:She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.她做的飯菜那么好吃，結(jié)果我們都吃得太多了It was so good an exhibiition that I went to see it several times.展覽是那么好，結(jié)果我就去看了好幾次。It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic.昨天天氣很好，我們都出去野餐了。3.so+副詞+that從句。例如:He did so well in the examination that everyone praised him.他考得那么好，人人都稱贊他。Tom ran so fast that he won the frst place湯姆跑得那樣快，結(jié)果他得了第一名。He worked so hard at his lessons that he had little rest.他學(xué)習(xí)功課非常勤奮，休息得很少很少。4. so + many / much / few / little+名詞+that從句。例如:Ive had so marry.悶is that Im black and blue all over.我跌了那么多跤，全身跌得青一塊，紫一塊的。There was so much work to do that everybody got bored.有這么多的事要做，人人都感到厭煩了。There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.缸里的水太少，不夠我們這些人用的。(二)such.that引導(dǎo)四種不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu):1. such+a (n)+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that從句。例如:This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.這是一本很好的書，我們大家都喜歡讀一讀。It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.天氣這么好，沒有人愿意呆在家里不出去。It was such an interesting film that I saw it twice.這是一部很有意思的電影，我看了兩次。2. such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that從句。例如:He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees.他的胳膊很長，幾乎就能夠到他的膝蓋。They are such good students that the teacher likes them.他們都是很好的學(xué)生，老師喜歡他們。3. such+(形容詞)+不可數(shù)名詞+that從句。例如:The book is written in such easy English that beginners can understand it.這本書是用簡單的英語寫成的，連初學(xué)者都能看懂。It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.昨天天氣很好，我們?nèi)ビ斡玖恕?. one(no, an, all, many, some, several,等) +such + 可數(shù)名詞+that 從句。例如：There are many such good books that I can not decide which one to choose. 有這么多的好書，我無法決定選擇那一本。 He gave us several such examples about the phrase that we understood it pretty well.關(guān)于這個短語，他舉了好幾個這樣的例句，我們終于完全弄懂了。二、兩種句型的同義轉(zhuǎn)換方式 有時可以在不變更原意的前提下，將“so.that.”和“such.that.”加以轉(zhuǎn)換，以使語言變得更加豐富多彩。例如:1.她非常誠實，大家都信賴她。She is so honest that everybody trusts her.= She is such an honest girl that everybody trusts her.= She is so honest a girl that everybody trusts her.2.他作了一個那么精彩的講演，以至于出席會議的人都?xì)J佩他。 He made a speech so wonderfully that everyone present at the conference admired him. =He made so wonderful a speech that everyone present at the conference admired him. =He made such a wonderful speech that everyone present at the conference admired him.除上面羅列的常見轉(zhuǎn)換方式外，還有以下幾種轉(zhuǎn)換方式:1. so many/much.that.可轉(zhuǎn)換為such a lot of.that.。例如:There are so many people in the room that we could not get in.=There are such a lot of people in the room that we could not get in.(房間里人太多，我們進(jìn)不去。) 2. so few / little.that.可以轉(zhuǎn)換為such a few / a little.that.。例如:So few people came that the meeting had to be put off:=Such a few people came that the meeting had to be put off:(人來得這么少，會議不得不推遲)3. “so +that + 含有肯定意義的從句”可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“enough to”。 例如：He is so old that he can go to school. = He is old enough to go to school.(他到了上學(xué)的年齡。)4. “so.that+ 含有否定意義的從句”可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“not .enough to (do sth)”或“too.to (do sth)”。例如：He is so young that he can not look after himself.= He is not old enough to look after himself. / He is too young to look after himself.(他年齡小，自己照顧不了自己。)5.可將so和such移至句首，再將主句的主、謂語倒裝，以示強調(diào)。例如: It is so hot that we dont want to go out. = So hot is it that we dont want to go out.(天氣太熱，我們不想出去。) He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.= Such an excellent speech did he make that everyone admired him.(他作了如此精彩的演講，人們都?xì)J佩他。)(一)用so.that和such.that填空:I. He mastered English-well-he was able to write long articles in English.2. He improved his English-greatly- he began toTalk freely with foreigners.3. It was-hot a day-they went swimming.4. Pingpong is- a popular game - people all over the world play it.5. He had-little education-it was not easy for him to solve the embarrassing problem.6. He made- a lot of mistakes in his maths exercises-he had to do them all over.7. I have had many- falls- I cannot rise to my feet again.8. His English was-limited-he could not understand what the native said.9. The story was-interesting-