安徽省池州市2018_2019學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試題（含解析）.docx

池州市貴池區(qū)2017-2018學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語試卷第二部分 閱讀理解第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。AThirty years ago I worked in a company. My job was to sell the cars. I was young and strong and I had been to most parts of the world and I spent one fifth of my time in the trains or planes. I liked such a life and sometimes I called myself traveler.But one day I got into trouble. It was a cold morning. It blew heavily and the ground was covered with thick snow outside. I was still in bed though it was nine. I finished a long journey the day before and decided to have a good rest. Suddenly the telephone rang and my manager told me to fly to New York to take part in an important meeting. I had to get up and after a quick breakfast I hurried to the airport. The taxi went slowly and I missed the first flight. I had to take the next one. It meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting-room. But five hours later a passenger said the information showed there was a bomb (炸彈) in our plane and the policemen were looking for it. And another five hours passed and most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane. At the entrance each passenger and their baggage (行李) had to be examined. A young man who seemed a soldier shouted at the policemen at the entrance, If I had a gun in my baggage, I would shoot you two hours ago!1. The writer called himself “traveler” because he _ .A. sold cars for his companyB. liked trains and planesC. travelled to many parts of the worldD. liked travelling in foreign countries2. The taxi went slowly because _ .A. there was much snow on the roadB. it was very cold that morningC. the driver didnt know he would fly to New YorkD. the manager told him not to hurry3. He spent nearly _ hours in the waiting-room that day .A. five B. sevenC. eight D. ten4. The young man became angry because he _A. wouldnt be examinedB. had a gun in his baggageC. waited for a long time at the airportD. hated the policemen at the entrance【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的工作是賣車，他一直在世界各地奔波，所以他稱自己為“旅行者”。接下來，作者在文中介紹了一次出差在機場的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段I had been to most parts of the world and I spent one fifth of my time in the trains or planes.一句可知作者去過世界上大部分地區(qū)，并且五分之一的時間是在火車或飛機上度過的，所以他稱自己為“旅行者”。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段It blew heavily and the ground was covered with thick snow outside.一句可知當時刮著大風(fēng)并且地上的積雪很厚。因此可以得出出租車行駛緩慢的原因在于路上積雪太多，故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段It meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting-room.和And another five hours passed and most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane.兩句可知作者在候機室等待了至少十個小時。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。文中提到most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane.登機前大部分乘客失去了耐心。因此可以推斷出這個年輕人是由于候機時間太長而發(fā)怒的。故選C。BDepend on(依靠) yourself is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.There have been many men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few. They could not depend upon themselves for an education. They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well known.One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help make men of yourself.Some young men dont try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievement(成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.5. Which of the following titles fits this article best?A. What Nature Says to Every Man. B. How to Be Famous.C. Men Must Help Each Other. D. Depend on Yourself.6. Many of the great men succeeded because .A. they wanted to become well-knownB. they made great efforts to learn and workC. they received a good education.D. they had rich parents.7. If young people depend on their own efforts, _.A. they are sure to be very famous in the worldB. they can be successful in their livesC. they can live without their familiesD. they no longer need any help8. From this article we can learn the writer _.A. sings highly praise for parents and teachersB. is a man of strong characterC. thinks highly of those who are struggling or successD. feels it necessary to accept everyone s. advice【答案】5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。本文告訴我們應(yīng)該依靠自己，他人只能幫助我們。文章從正面舉例說明歷史上的偉大人物是怎樣依靠自己的力量獲得最后成功的。最后一段從反面舉例，談到現(xiàn)在有些年輕人不努力使自己成為對人類有益的人，并給出自己的建議。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。這篇文章主要講了“依靠自己”是自然告訴每個人的。父母可以幫助你。老師可以幫助你。其他人也可以幫助你。但是所有這些人都只是幫你幫助你自己。所以最好的題目是依靠你自己。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well known.可知歷史上的一些偉大人物靠自己的努力獲得成功。因此可推知B選項正確。 故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段They can never gain achievement(成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course.年輕人現(xiàn)在要看到自己的弱點并做出改變，以及unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.接受父母和老師的意見并依靠自己的努力可得出B選項正確。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過閱讀文章，可知作者高度評價那些努力成功的人，并且認為他們的成功是依靠自己的努力，也督促現(xiàn)在的年輕人做出自己的努力去獲得成功。故選C。【點睛】概括文章主旨，選擇文章最佳標題的方法：1.先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句。2.若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞)。小題1考查本文標題，文章告訴我們應(yīng)該依靠自己，他人只能幫助我們。第一段就給出了文章的主旨。下文舉出正反兩方面的例子予以證明，故Depend on Yourself.適合作為文章標題。CIn the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they dont know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you dont know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill（填充）.Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.Serving in restaurants is often large, too large for many people. If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself.Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.9. Which statement is true?A. American people like sitting with people they dont know.B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.C. American people never sit with people they dont know.D. American people wouldnt light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.10. What is served before you order?A. Bread. B. Butter.C. Coffee. D. Cold water.11. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?A. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” for their dogs.B. They leave the food on the table and go away.C. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” and enjoy the food later.D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.12. Sunday dinner is_.A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon mealC. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper【答案】9. D 10. D 11. C 12. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國人在餐館里的就餐的習(xí)慣，怎樣點菜，怎樣給小費，包括吃不了時可以帶回家去自己享用。【9題詳解】細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.”可知，沒有詢問同桌吃飯的人是否介意你抽煙就點煙是不禮貌的，所以D選項正確。注意：文章講到的是在外吃飯時美國人喜歡和不認識的人坐在一桌兒，故A選項錯誤。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句“At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. ”可知在美國的餐廳和咖啡廳，你通常會在點餐前得到一杯白開水的服務(wù)。故選D。【11題詳解】細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“ If you cant finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows youre taking the food for yourself.”（如果你沒有吃完你的餐點，但又想稍后繼續(xù)享用，可以讓服務(wù)員拿一個“打包盒”。這個盒子上一般會有一個狗狗的圖案印在上面，但是每個人都知道這里面的食物是你自己吃的。），故選C。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.可知“Sunday dinner”是一頓特別大型的中午飯。故選B?！军c睛】詞義猜測題是閱讀理解題目中較難的一個題型。考生要根據(jù)詞、詞組、句子所在的語境上下文來判斷其意義。因此熟練掌握一些猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關(guān)鍵。下面結(jié)合近幾年高考試題，對詞義猜測的技巧加以解讀。1.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進行猜測有時短文中出現(xiàn)一個需要猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。2.根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進行猜測閱讀中出現(xiàn)的難詞有時后面緊跟一個同位語，對前面的詞進行解釋，這時可利用同位關(guān)系對前面或后面的詞義或句意進行猜測。3.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進行猜測根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。另外，分號也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比或不相干的意義。本題中的第四個小題既是根據(jù)上下文解釋進行猜測。文中Some people have “Sunday dinner”. 一句后的This is an especially big noon meal.既是對“Sunday dinner”的解釋說明，根據(jù)句意可得出“Sunday dinner” 一頓特別大型的中午飯。DThe World Health Organization has said it would set up international working team of various functions to offer countries advice on fighting against flu(流感).The health agency said in a report that it would render necessary report to the countries where animal or human flu cases(病例) were found and those who were making flu vaccine（疫苗) search or preparing to produce vaccines ,a poisonous substance(物質(zhì)) containing a virus used to protect people against disease.The working teams would be formed to offer advice directly to the government of the nations according to their needs, concerns and capabilities(能力)，The groups would pay attention to the problems related to human vaccine production. They meant to increase vaccine production in an efficient and economic benefits(利益).The WHO also said that several countries practice of fighting bird flu were worthwhile but too expensive. It suggested that an international expert team be set up to carry out such exercises to make sure the fighting experiences can be shared among countries.13. The WHO was trying to .A. earn as much money as possible by offering advice to several countries.B. assist(幫助) several countries suffering from bird flu or making flu vaccine.C. send experts to cure the patients infected by did flu.D. offer advice on how to improve these countries health care.14. The underlined word render in the text probably meansA. force. B. press.C. pick. D. give.15. According to the passage, we can infer that .A. several countries were carrying out practical exercises of bird flu.B. the international working teams of various functions already came into being (形成).C. the working teams thought both increasing vaccine production and helping the countries could get profits efficiently.D. several countries are fighting flu seriously but lacking in cooperation with each other.【答案】13. B 14. D 15. D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界健康組織將建立有不同功能的國際性工作團隊。以向有需求的國家提供建議和幫助，支持其有效對抗流感?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。世界健康組織將建立有不同功能的國際性工作團隊。以向有需求的國家提供建議和幫助，支持其有效對抗流感。文章第一段給出了答案。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。此處指向各國提供必要的報道，文章第三段The working teams would be formed to offer advice directly to the government of the nations according to their needs, concerns and capabilities(能力)，一句中的offer即為render的同義詞。render給予，提供。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段The WHO also said that several countries practice of fighting bird flu were worthwhile but too expensive一句表明有些國家應(yīng)對禽流感的措施很有效，make sure the fighting experiences can be shared among countries.一句表明應(yīng)對禽流感的做法需要分享，可推斷各國在應(yīng)對禽流感方面缺乏合作，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項位多余選項。Do you know how to pick a good book youll really like？Here are some tipsStart with Your Interest. _16_You can pick something that you love to read，not for school. They can be ancient martial(武術(shù))arts, computers, or fashion design.Whats Your Type？Do you prefer fiction or nonfiction (or both)？Fiction books，like novels，can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experienceNonfiction books give you the who，what，when，and why of something. _17_. Many of them read like novels from start to finishRead the description. The reviews and quotes on the back and inside covers of many books give you an idea of what the book is about. They can also help you pick future books, tooIf you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes and see which authors praised the book. _18_.Find a Family FavoriteWhich book did your mother love best when she was at your age? _19_. Find out and give them a read-then you can share your thoughts about the bookFinally，youll probably enjoy what youre reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book. _20_. You can put on some good music, get yourself some tea and let yourself be carried away by the book. Youll see that time does fly when youre reading something you love!AHow about your brothers and sisters？BThey tell stories using facts-but that doesnt mean theyre boringCReading is a good way to improve your EnglishDMost reading is best enjoyed when you can concentrate(全神貫注)on itEOften，theyll have similar styles and you might find books you like by those authors，tooFSo you should read as much as possible when you are freeGReading on your own isnt like reading for school【答案】16. G 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. D【解析】本文介紹了如何選一本好書。【16題詳解】G。由下文“You can pick something that you love to read, not for school.”可知，此處是說選自己感興趣的書，而不是為了學(xué)習(xí)而讀書?！?7題詳解】B。由上文“Nonfiction books give you the who, what, when, and why of something.”可知，此處是說它們通過事實敘述故事，但這并不意味著無聊?！?8題詳解】E。由上文“If you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes and see which authors praised the book.”可知，此處是說它們經(jīng)常會有相似的風(fēng)格，你也會通過這些作者找到你喜歡的書。【19題詳解】A。由上文“Which book did your mother love best when she was at your age?”可知，此處是說參考一下你的媽媽和兄弟姐妹都喜歡什么書。【20題詳解】D。由上文“Finally, youll probably enjoy what youre reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book.”可知，此處是說享受讀書需要全神貫注。考點：考查說明文閱讀第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。June is always an unhappy time for Senior 3 students. They have to leave school to_21_their dreams in different _22_after finishing their big exam. Its a difficult time when students _23_to say goodbye to carefree（無憂無慮的）high school life and close friendsPeople always say that teenage friendship is the most precious. Kids are too young to true friendship _24_most adults _25_ to ate it to fame and wealth.In fact, things are quite different with high school best friends. We share each others _26_. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to _27_our values. We support each other on the journey to the biggest _28_ in our life. We also _29_ success and failure. The seeds of deeply_30_. Many of us dont realize this_31_we enter society. One of my friends, Lily, _32_ how strong the bond(聯(lián)系)with high school friends can be. She said, It was my high school friend who helped me _33_ the darkest days in my life. In 2015 Lily lost her job in Shanghai. Her best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girl squeezed(擠)into a narrow single bed, chatting and crying. “I will never forget her care and encouragement, _34_supported me out of the darkness,” said Lily.I _35_ remember my last days in Senior 3 when we _36_ so much personal information with each other, both of us hoping to keep the friendship _37_ forever. But we didnt realize we were already deep in each others _38_. During the past 10 years, whenever Ive needed help or wanted to pour out my _39_, she has always been there at the other end of a telephone line.It is true that friends come and go. But never forget the ones who have been there for you. Take a closer look at those now around you; they could be the most precious treasure you discover in your entire_40_.21. A. perform B. achieve C. create D. keep22. A. ways B. relations. C. stages D. directions23. A. begin B. decide. C. Have D. volunteer24. A. when B. so C. while D. that25. A. end B. plan C. manage D. attempt26. A. time B. wealth C. money D. secret27. A. measure B. weigh C. abandon D. shape28. A. question B. challenge C. problem D. failure29. A. share B. expect C. lake D. meet30. A. developed B. changed C. rooted D. pulled31. A. until B. but C. after D. unless32. A. heard B. experienced C. ignored D. thought33. A. go through B. look through C. get through D. break through34. A. that B. who C. as D. which35. A. still B. yet C. even D. already36. A. turned B. discussed C. exchanged D. held37. A. disappearing B. going C. running D. advancing38. A. brain B. heart C. head D. spirit39. A. disaster B. curiosity C. devotion D. unhappiness40. A. study B. period C. life D. work【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。作者在文中討論了在高中時期所結(jié)交的朋友的價值所在-他們將是你一生中最為珍貴的財富。【21題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：他們不得不離開學(xué)校去以不同的方式實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。A. perform表演，履行； B.