賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理.doc

賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理賓語(yǔ)從句：在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句分為三類(lèi)：動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)作用的不同，賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞通常分為以下幾類(lèi)：連接詞詞義功能that無(wú)詞義不作成分，只起連接作用，口語(yǔ)中可省略whether/if是否不作成分，但不能省略what,which,who,whose等連接代詞什么，哪個(gè)，誰(shuí)，誰(shuí)的作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等when,where,why,how等連接副詞表時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，原因，方式等作狀語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1：賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞的用法在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。常用的連接詞有：that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why等。1. 【考查點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)。在口語(yǔ)中that常被省略。如：I know(that) you are a student.2. 【考查點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 if, whether意為“是否”，whether還可以與or not連用。如：Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag.莉莉想知道她的姐姐是否喜歡這個(gè)手提袋。3. 【考查點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。如：He didnt tell me where he was going. 他沒(méi)告訴我他想去哪兒。 Can you tell me what he said just now？ 你能告訴我他剛才說(shuō)什么嗎？知識(shí)點(diǎn)2：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序1. 陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，語(yǔ)序不變。如： She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk.” 她說(shuō)她會(huì)在桌上留口信的。 She said that she would leave a message on the desk.2.【考查點(diǎn)】一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，也要注意人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，后面接陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：“Where are the tickets？” I asked him. 我問(wèn)他票在哪兒。 I asked him where the tickets were.注意：賓語(yǔ)從句的人稱(chēng)要遵循“一隨主、二隨賓、第三人稱(chēng)不更新”的原則。如下表：直接引語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ) 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)后 第一人稱(chēng) 與主句的主語(yǔ)一致 第二人稱(chēng) 與主句的賓語(yǔ)一致 第三人稱(chēng) 不變 知識(shí)點(diǎn)3：賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，可以根據(jù)實(shí)際表達(dá)的需要來(lái)確定。如：Could you tell me what he said at the meeting？ 你能告訴我他在會(huì)上說(shuō)什么。 He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself. 他會(huì)告訴我們他已經(jīng)能告訴他自己。 Tell him when we will finish our work. 告訴他我們什么時(shí)候完成工作。2.【考查點(diǎn)】如果主句是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)與主句保持一致，用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。如：He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996. 他說(shuō)他1996年出生于溫州。 They said that they had already seen the film. 他們說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。3.【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】如果賓語(yǔ)從句所敘述的是客觀事實(shí)、格言、科學(xué)真理時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如： Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year. 大家都知道一年有365天。 She said that two heads are better than one. 她說(shuō)三個(gè)臭皮匠頂個(gè)諸葛亮。 He said that the sun rises in the east.知識(shí)點(diǎn)4：賓語(yǔ)從句的否定前移【考查點(diǎn)】 在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等時(shí)，如果主句為I 或we時(shí)，從句中表示否定意義的not應(yīng)移到think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等前。如：I dont suppose he will come. 我猜他不會(huì)來(lái)。注意：如果主句主語(yǔ)不是I或we，則not不前移。如：She thinks she cant arrive there on time. 她認(rèn)為她不能按時(shí)到那兒。知識(shí)點(diǎn)5：賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化1.【考查點(diǎn)】當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是hope, wish, decide等時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：I hope that I can see you again.I hope to see you again.我希望能再次見(jiàn)到你。2. 【考查點(diǎn)】當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是know, remember, forget, learn等時(shí)，句可簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say.我不知道該說(shuō)什么。3.【考查點(diǎn)】當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ask, tell, show, teach等，且賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的間接賓語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句可簡(jiǎn)化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)或“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Mr Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall. Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall. 胡老師告訴我們不應(yīng)該在墻上畫(huà)畫(huà)。 Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps？ Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？請(qǐng)告訴我在哪兒能買(mǎi)到郵票練習(xí)及分析1、-Can you tell me _ to London？-SureNext month（）Awhen you will travel Bwhen will you travelCwhen you travelled Dwhen did you travel【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥?你能告訴我什么時(shí)候去倫敦旅游嗎？-當(dāng)然了。下周?！窘獯稹靠疾橘e語(yǔ)從句的用法賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，故排除B和D；根據(jù)答語(yǔ)next month可知，從句為一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，排除C.故選：A2、-Could you tell me_？-At nine oclock，in ten minutes（）Ahow will he leaveBwhen he has leftCwhy he is leavingDwhen he will leave【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-你能告訴我他什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)嗎？-在十分鐘后，九點(diǎn)【解答】答案：D根據(jù)問(wèn)句知此題考查賓語(yǔ)從句考生可分三步答題：1陳述語(yǔ)序排除法，2根據(jù)句意選擇合適的引導(dǎo)詞，3根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)判斷。首先，排除不是陳述語(yǔ)序的選項(xiàng)A；再根據(jù)句意來(lái)選擇合適的引導(dǎo)詞根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可排除C，B選項(xiàng)；最后根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)檢驗(yàn)，主句為Could you tell me為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)自身情況選擇，根據(jù)答語(yǔ)知為將來(lái)的時(shí)間，故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選D.3、-Can you tell me_ ？-He lives in Shanghai（）Awhere Mark livesBwhere does Mark liveCwhere Mark livedDwhere did Mark live【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句?！痉治觥?你能告訴我Mark住在哪里嗎？-他住在上海?！窘獯稹看鸢福篈 根據(jù)Can you tell me ？再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知Can you tell me后面是跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，所以排除B，D再根據(jù)He lives in Shanghai是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在他住在上海?？芍且话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)，故排除C。故選：A4、-Could you tell me_his hometown？-The day after tomorrow，I think（）Awhen will you visitBwhen you will visitCwhy you will visitDhow you will visit【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-你能告訴我你什么時(shí)候訪問(wèn)張愛(ài)萍的家鄉(xiāng)嗎？-我想后天吧【解答】答案：B根據(jù)Could you tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)A是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)The day after tomorrow，可知這里表示的是時(shí)間，提問(wèn)時(shí)間的話應(yīng)該用when故選B5、-Do you know _？-Let me seeI remember it was on March 18th（）Awhy did they move hereBwhy they moved hereCwhen did they move hereDwhen they moved here【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-你知道他們什么時(shí)候搬到這里來(lái)的嗎？-讓我想想，我記得是在3月18日【解答】答案：D根據(jù)Do you know可知，本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中一般為陳述語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AC是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序，所以排除掉；再根據(jù)I remember it was on March 18th，可知這里表示的是時(shí)間，而且是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間，所以賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是when，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)故選D6、-Excuse meCould you tell me _ about the local history and culture？-Of courseYou can check it on this computer（）Ahow can I get the informationBwhat information did I getCwhere I can get the informationDthat I got the information【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-對(duì)不起，你能告訴我在哪里可以找到有關(guān)當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史和文化的信息嗎？-當(dāng)然可以你可以在這臺(tái)電腦上查一下它【解答】答案：C根據(jù)Could you tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AB是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)on this computer，可知這里表示的是地點(diǎn)，提問(wèn)地方的話應(yīng)該用where。故選C7、-What did your father say to you just now？-He asked me_（）Athat I would like to see a movieBwhere I will spend my holidayCif I enjoyed myself at the partyDwhen did I attend the graduation party【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-你爸爸剛才和你說(shuō)什么了？-他問(wèn)我在聚會(huì)上是否玩得很開(kāi)心【解答】答案：C根據(jù)He asked me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)D是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)He asked me，可知這里句子使用的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，那么賓語(yǔ)從句就要相應(yīng)的用過(guò)去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)B是will，不符合時(shí)態(tài)要求，排除掉在這里ask的意思是詢問(wèn)，后面跟的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該有疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣，所以這里使用的引導(dǎo)詞是if，排除A。故選C8、-Daniel，could you tell me_？-Certainly，in Brazil（）Awhen the 2016 Olympics will be heldBwhen will the 2016 Olympics be heldCwhere the 2016 Olympics will be heldDwhere will the 2016 Olympics be held【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-Daniel，你能告訴我2016年奧運(yùn)會(huì)在哪里舉行嗎？-當(dāng)然可以，在巴西【解答】答案：C根據(jù)Could you tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)BD是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)in Brazil，可知這里表示的是地點(diǎn)，提問(wèn)地方的話應(yīng)該用where。故選C9、-I wonder_-It will fall on a Saturday（）Ahow will National Day fall on this yearBHow National Day will fall on this yearCWhat day will National Day fall on this yearDWhat day National Day will fall on this year【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-我想知道今年國(guó)慶節(jié)將在哪一天？-將會(huì)是周六【解答】答案：D根據(jù)I wonder，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AC是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)It will fall on a Saturday，可知這里表示的是哪一天，提問(wèn)的話應(yīng)該用what day。故選D10、I dont know if you _ to Marys party next SundayIf you go，_（）Ago； so will IBwill go； so will ICwill go； so do I 【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句；狀語(yǔ)從句【分析】我不知道下個(gè)星期天你是否會(huì)去參加Mary的聚會(huì)如果你去的話，我也去【解答】答案：B根據(jù)I dont know if you _ to Marys party next Sunday，可知這里考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法，主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以后面的從句可以用所需要的時(shí)態(tài)，在這里next Sunday表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的時(shí)間，所以句子應(yīng)該用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：will+動(dòng)詞原形；再根據(jù)If you go，可知這部分考查了倒裝句，下句是肯定形式，所以用so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)的形式，表示也是，這里if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以在so引導(dǎo)的句子中還應(yīng)該用will。故選B11、-Would you like to tell me_？-SurePractice makes perfect（）Ahow can I learn English betterBhow I can learn English betterCwhy can I learn English betterDwhy I can learn English better【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-你想告訴我如何能更好地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)嗎？-當(dāng)然可以熟能生巧【解答】答案：B根據(jù)Would you like to tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AC是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)Practice makes perfect，可知這里詢問(wèn)的是如何能把英語(yǔ)學(xué)的更好，表示做沒(méi)事的方式用how。故選B12、-I am worried about_-Whatever the result is，dont be too hard on yourself（）Ahow have I prepared for my final examsBif I can get great grads in the final examsCthat my school team lost the game because of my faultDwhy did my school team lose the game【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-我擔(dān)心我是否能在期末考試中取得好成績(jī)-無(wú)論結(jié)果如何，你自己都不要太辛苦了【解答】答案：B根據(jù)I am worried about_，可知，本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法，賓語(yǔ)從句中一般為陳述語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AD是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉；在這里I am worried about含有疑問(wèn)的口氣，所以后面所跟的賓語(yǔ)從句用if來(lái)引導(dǎo)。故選B13、-Dad，can you tell me _？I miss her very much-Next month，dear（）Awhen will my mum come backBwhen my mum will come backChow my mum goes to workDwhere will my mum go【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-爸爸，你能告訴我媽媽什么時(shí)候回來(lái)嗎？我非常想念她-親愛(ài)的，下個(gè)月【解答】答案：B根據(jù)Can you tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AD是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)-Next month，可知這里表示的是時(shí)間，提問(wèn)時(shí)間的話應(yīng)該用when。故選B14、There are so many foggy days recentlyWe all wonder_（）Ahow is the air pollutedBwhy the air is seriously pollutedCwhat can we do to prevent that bad weatherDwhat are the real reasons【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】最近有這么多霧天我們都想知道為什么空氣污染如此的嚴(yán)重【解答】答案：B 根據(jù)We all wonder-再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知We all wonder后面是跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)，所以排除ACD選項(xiàng)B why the air is seriously polluted為什么空氣污染如此的嚴(yán)重，符合題意。故選：B15、Could you please tell me_？I didnt hear it clearly（）Awhat did Mary sayBwhat Mary saysCwhat Mary said 【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】你能告訴我Mary說(shuō)了什么嗎？我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)清楚【解答】答案：C根據(jù)Could you please tell me _，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)A是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)I didnt hear it clearly，可知這里句子使用的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示說(shuō)話這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選C16、-Excuse me，but could you please tell me？-sure （）Awhere is the restroomBwhen the store opensCwhat time does it begin【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-打擾一下，但是你能告訴我商店什么時(shí)候開(kāi)門(mén)嗎？-當(dāng)然可以【解答】答案：B根據(jù) could you please tell me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)AC是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉選項(xiàng)B是正常語(yǔ)序，意思是商店什么時(shí)候開(kāi)門(mén)，符合題意。故選B17、-What did Max just say to you？-He asked me _（）Aif I would like to go skatingBwhen did I buy this CDCwhere I will spend the weekendDthat I had a good time【考點(diǎn)】賓語(yǔ)從句【分析】-Max剛才和你說(shuō)什么了？-他問(wèn)我是否想去滑冰【解答】答案：A根據(jù)He asked me，可知本句考查了賓語(yǔ)從句的用法在賓語(yǔ)從句中所使用的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，選項(xiàng)B是疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序，排除掉再根據(jù)He asked me，可知這里句子使用的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，那么賓語(yǔ)從句就要相應(yīng)的用過(guò)去時(shí)，選項(xiàng)C是will，不符合時(shí)態(tài)要求，排除掉在這里ask的意思是詢問(wèn)，后面跟的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該有疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣，所以這里使用的引導(dǎo)詞是if，排除D。故選A18、-Look at the man in blue! Do you know_？-O