音標教學(xué)教案.doc

_Phonetics (音標)Contents: The 48 phonetics.Teaching aims: 1) Can read the 48 phonetics correctly.2)Can grasp the reading rules.Difficulties: 1) The correct sounds.2) The rules of the spellings.Teaching methods: Teaching , practicing and studying in groups.Teaching tools: Papers, color chalk，multimediaTeaching periods: 6 periods.Process:The phonetics are the gold key to study English. Its very important for the students to learn English. So we should spend enough time to teach them to learn the knowledge freely. Before learning , we should make clear about the following knowledge.音素：人說話的聲音是由若干單個的音組成的，即使是一個很短的字、 詞也是由一定的讀音組成的。英語把組成一個讀音的最小單位叫音素。音標：音標是記錄音素的符號。英語音標就是記載英語字母和單詞的讀音的符號。英語國際音標共48個音素其中元音音素20個，輔音音素28個。元音音素：發(fā)音時聲帶振動，呼出的氣流通過口腔時不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音，稱為元音。輔音音素：不論聲帶振動與否，發(fā)音時呼出的氣流通過口腔或鼻腔時受到一定的阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為輔音。前元音：/i:/ /i/ /e/ / /中元音：/ / /：/ / /后元音：/a:/ / / : / / /u:/雙元音：/e/ /a/ / / /au/ / /e/ /輔音（爆破音）：/p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ /k/ /g/摩擦音：/f/ /v/ / / / /s/ /z/ / / / / /r/ /h/ /w/ /j/輔音（破擦音）：/t/ / /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/舌側(cè)音：/l/鼻音：/m/ /n/ / /半元音：/w/ /j/Period 1Contents:1) Study 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words.2) Study 28 consonant symbols.Teaching aims: 1) can read 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words correctly.2) Can read 28 consonant symbols correctly.Key points: The 28 consonant sounds.Difficulties: The rules of the 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words correctly.Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers.multimediaProcess:I. Go over 26 letters.II. Leading-in: Class, weve learned 26 letters. Today, well learn 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words . After this class, youll know the rules of spelling. Work harder.III. To begin the new class:Step 1: Learn the three definitions.字母：英語單詞是由字母構(gòu)成的，字母是書寫的最小單位。英語字母共有_個，其中_個是元音字母，_個是輔音字母，就是這26個字母構(gòu)成了數(shù)以萬計的英語單詞。音素：音素是字母在單詞中的發(fā)音，音素是語音的最小單位。音標：音標是記錄單詞讀音的書寫符號。音標一般寫在/ / 里，以免和字母相混。英語音標共有_個，_個是輔音，_個是元音，正是這48個音標構(gòu)成了數(shù)以萬計的英語單詞的發(fā)音。Step 2: Learn the rules of the 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words .T: Teach them to learn the rules, then lead them to write down the phonetic symbols.Ss: Learn carefully and find the rules and write them down on their papers.1用掐頭法學(xué)習(xí)Ff, Ll, Mm, Nn, Ss, Xx 這6個輔音字母在單詞中的讀音。four /f :/ food /fu:d/ foot/f t/ fox/f ks/egg/eg/ some/sm/ night/n at/ moon/mu:n/six/sks/ net/net/ love/lv/ let/let/2用去尾法學(xué)習(xí)Bb, Cc, Dd, Jj, Kk，Pp, Tt, Vv, Zz,這9個輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音。 Bob rice bed jeep bike pop tea five 3用漢語拼音對比法學(xué)習(xí)Gg, Hh, Yy, Ww, Rr 這5個輔音字母的發(fā)音。bag how yes wearred ruler Step 3: Go over the knowledge and try to find the sounds of “ Q q”.Step 4: Learn 28 phonetics:T: Teachch them to read the 28 phonetics according to the Chinese sounds.IV. Do some exercises:寫出以下輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音： Ff / /, Ll / /, Mm / /, Nn / /, Ss / /, Xx / /Bb / /, Cc / /, Dd / /, Jj / /, Kk / /， Pp / /, Tt / /, Vv / /, Zz / /Gg / /, Hh / /, Yy / /, Ww / /, Rr / /T: Teachch them to study in groups then have a PK between groups.V. Sum up: Class, today weve learned the rules of the 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words , please try to remember the rules, then use them freely.Homework:1) Recite the rules.2) Practice the 28 phonetics, and try to read them freely.Summary: In this class, weve learned the rules in three methods. Most of them have grasped the rules, but some students have difficulty in using them. We need more time to practice the 28 phonetics.Period 2Contents:1) Go on to study 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words. 2) Study 28 consonant symbols. 3) Study combinations of consonant letters.Teaching aims: 1) can learn 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words correctly.2) Can read 28 consonant symbols correctly.3) Can use the rules of combinations of consonant letters.Key points: The 28 consonant sounds.Difficulty: The rules of the 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words correctly.Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers.Process:I. Go over the knowledge that leanded last class:你能寫出下列輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音嗎？Ff / /, Ll / /, Mm / /, Nn / /, Ss / /, Xx / /Bb / /, Cc / /, Dd / /, Jj / /, Kk / /， Pp / /, Tt / /, Vv / /, Zz / /Gg / /, Hh / /, Yy / /, Ww / /, Rr / /II. Begin the new lesson:Step 1: Go over the knowledge and find the new rules: 115個輔音字母在單詞中發(fā)音規(guī)律是不變的：它們是：Ff, Ll, Mm, Nn, Bb, Dd, Jj, Kk，Pp, Tt, Vv, Zz, Hh, Ww, Rr25個輔音字母在單詞中發(fā)音是有變化的：Cc, Gg, Qq, Xx, Ss你可以通過口訣背誦：月(Cc) 如鉤(Gg)，求(Qq)你別(Xx)睡(Ss)在上面了。3半元音Yy 的發(fā)音有變化。Step 2: Go on to learn the new rules:T: Teachch them to find the rules and try to remember the rules.Ss: Study in groups and try to remember the rules.1字母Cc的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時發(fā)音例詞在字母 “e”, “i”, “y”前/ s /face/ /, city/ /, Lucy/ /不在字母“e”, “i”, “y”前/k /cake/ /, cup/ /, act / /2. 字母Gg的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時發(fā)音例詞在字母 “e”, “i”, “y”前/ /或/ /age/ /, get/ /, gift / / gym/ /, foggy/ /不在字母“e”, “i”, “y”前/ /game/ /, go/ /, gum/ / 3. 字母Qq的發(fā)音規(guī)律：qu / kw /4. 字母Xx的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時發(fā)音例詞不做前綴“ex”時/ ks /box/ /, fox/ /, fix / / 5. 字母Ss的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時發(fā)音例詞在詞首/ s /sad/ /, six/ /, same / / 兩個ss/ s /miss/ /, glass/ /, kiss / /在元音后/ s/ 或/z/has/ /, gas/ /, rise/ /6. 半元音Yy 的發(fā)音規(guī)律。在何時發(fā)音例詞y前是輔音字母/ / 或/ /(發(fā)音等同于字母i )by/ /, my/ /, pay/ / y后是元音字母/ /yes/ /, yet/ /Step 3: Learn the the rules of combinations of consonant letters.T: Lead them to find the rules and try to remember them.Ss: Learn and them find the rules.1.th:/ / three : / / third: / /2.th: / / that : / / this：/ /3.sh: / / shop: / / shirt: / /4.ch/ tch: / / child: / / chair : / / match: / /5.n/ng/ nk: / / think: / / thing: / / sing: / /6. s / sure: / / measure: / / television : / /7.tr: / / tree: / / train: / / truck：/ /8. dr: / / dress: / / draw: / /9. ts: / / cats : / / boats: / /10. ds: / / beds: / / birds: / /Step 4: Go on to learn the 28 consonants:T: Teach them to learn in the rules:Ss: Try to remember them.III. Do some exercises:Ss: Have a dictation of the 28 consonants.Sum up: Class, weve learned the rules of the 21 consonant letters pronunciations in words and the 28 phonetics , please learn them by heart.Homework: 1)Recite the rules correctly.2) Can write the consonants correctly.Summary: In this class, most of them have learned carefully. Some of them have grasped the rules , but some of them have some difficulty in learning them. They need more time to go over the knowledge.Period 3Contents: Go over 28 consonants.Teaching aims: Can use the rules freely.Key points: The sounds of the 28 consonants.Difficulty: The rules of the spelling and reading.Teaching methods: Practice more.Teaching tools: Color chalk and papers.Process:I. Go over the 28 consonants:爆破音：/p/ /b/ / t/ /d/ /k/ /g/摩擦音：/f/ /v/ / / / /s/ /z/ / / / / /r/ /h/ /w/ /j/破擦音：/t/ /d/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/舌側(cè)音：/l/鼻音：/m/ /n/ / / 半元音：/w/ /j/ T: Lead them read in groups, individuals.Ss: Go over in groups then act out.II. Practice in oral.T: Teach them to read in exercise books. P5& P 8.Ss: Practice in groups and then act out.III. Have a writing PK.T: Lead them to write and learn have a PK between the 12 groups.Sum up: Class, Im sure you can read the 28 consonants, please use them freely, and try to remember the rules of them.Homework: Write down 28 consonants and make 28 consonant cards.Summary: After this class, most of them have known more about the 21 consonant letters and 28 consonants. But some of them still need time to practice more.,Period 4Contents: Go on to study 20 vowels.Teaching aims: 1) can learn 20 vowels correctly.2) Can read and write them correctlyKey points: The 20 vowels sounds.Difficulty: The pronunciations of the double vowels.Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers.Process:I. Show them the teaching aims.II. Begin the new lessons.Step1: Learn the 20 vowels .元音音素：發(fā)音時聲帶振動，呼出的氣流通過口腔時不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音，稱為元音。前元音：/i:/ / /e/ / /中元音：/ / /: / / /后元音：/a:/ / / : / / / /u:/雙元音：/e/ /a/ / /u/ /au/ / /e/ /T: Teach them to read them one by one.Ss: Learn carefully and act out.Step 2: The sound practices. T: Lead them to practice and teach them pay attention to the differences.長元音：/i:/ /i:t/ /di:d/ /pi:k/ /bi:t/u:/ /tu:/ /fu:d/ /hu:/ /du:/a:/ /ka:/ /ga:d/ /pa:k/ /a:t/:/ /f :/ /d :/ /p :t/ /t:k/:/ /h :/ /b :d/ /w :k/ /g :l/短元音：/ /t/ /dd/ /pk/ /bt/ /t k/ /f t/ /b k/ /g d/ /k t/ /d k/ /k p/ /km/ /k k/ /b ks/ /p p/ /f ks/ /kl / /ru:l / /m /e/ /eg/ /es/ /ges/ /bed/ / /pl/ /b k/ /b g/ / m/雙元音：/e/ / et/ /w et/ /s e/ /h e/a/ /b ak/ /h a/ /b a/ /n at/ /b / /t / /n z/ /h / /n / /t / /m /e/ /we/ /k e/ / he/ /p e/a/ /ha/ /n a/ /h as/ /ka/ /t/ /p / /m / /n / /b t/ /h m/ /k t/Ss: Practice carefully and then act out.Step 3: Have a match about the writing.III. Do some exercises:Ss: Write down the 20 vowels on their papers.T: Lead them to check and find the best students and praise them.Sum up: Class, look at the Bb. Please remember the 20 vowels and try to make clear about the their sounds.Homework: 1) Write down the 20 vowels. 2)Practice more about their sounds.Summary: In this class , most of them have known the sounds and the differences between them. But some of them still need time to practice more.Period 5Contents: Go on to study 20 vowels and closed syllable and open syllables.Teaching aims: 1) can learn 20 vowels correctly.3) Can identify the rules correctlyKey points: The rules of the two syllables. Difficulty: The rules of two syllables.Teaching tools: Color chalk; papers.Process:I. Show them the teaching aims.II .Go over the 20 vowels.III. Begin the new lessons.Step 1: Step1:warming-up :Hello, boys and girls. We have known that sounds are divided into vowels and consonants .Meanwhile letters include vowel letters and consonantal letters.Step 2:音節(jié)1) 英語單詞是由字母組成的。字母構(gòu)成音節(jié)。有的單詞包含一個音節(jié)，有的包含兩個，三個或更多的音節(jié)，分別為單音節(jié)詞和雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞。單音節(jié)詞單獨存在的時候，一般重讀，不加重讀符號。多音節(jié)和雙音節(jié)詞，都有一個讀的較響亮的音節(jié)，即重讀音節(jié)，由重音符號標示。2) 音節(jié)的分類-開音節(jié)，閉音節(jié)開音節(jié)：以一個元音字母結(jié)尾，或在輔音字母后有一個輔音字母和一個不發(fā)音的e，這樣的重讀音節(jié)稱為開音節(jié)。閉音節(jié)：以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)稱為閉音節(jié)。Step3.practice: 區(qū)分開音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)觀察元音字母在開閉音節(jié)的發(fā)音規(guī)律 take map he desk hi six hole lot cute bus 元音字母在開音節(jié)中發(fā)字母本身音。Aa/e/ Ee /i:/ Ii/a/ Oo/u/ Uu/ju:/元音字母在閉音節(jié)中發(fā)短音。Aa/ Ee /e/ Ii/ Oo/ Uu/Eg: home big rice dog go gate but cut game cake bag fivebox let hi do Step4:Practice 根據(jù)規(guī)律讀單詞： 伴學(xué)P 6 & P 10Sum up: What have you learned this class? Weve learned the