數(shù)控技術(shù)和裝備發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及對(duì)策外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯/數(shù)控編程類中英文翻譯/外文翻譯VIP

數(shù)控技術(shù)和裝備發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及對(duì)策裝備工業(yè)的技術(shù)水平和現(xiàn)代化程度決定著整個(gè)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的水平和現(xiàn)代化程度，數(shù)控技術(shù)及裝備是發(fā)展新興高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和尖端工業(yè)（如信息技術(shù)及其產(chǎn)業(yè)、生物技術(shù)及其產(chǎn)業(yè)、航空、航天等國(guó)防工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)）的使能技術(shù)和最基本的裝備。馬克思曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“各種經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代的區(qū)別，不在于生產(chǎn)什么，而在于怎樣生產(chǎn)，用什么勞動(dòng)資料生產(chǎn)”。制造技術(shù)和裝備就是人類生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)的最基本的生產(chǎn)資料，而數(shù)控技術(shù)又是當(dāng)今先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)和裝備最核心的技術(shù)。當(dāng)今世界各國(guó)制造業(yè)廣泛采用數(shù)控技術(shù)，以提高制造能力和水平，提高對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)多變市場(chǎng)的適應(yīng)能力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。此外世界上各工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家還將數(shù)控技術(shù)及數(shù)控裝備列為國(guó)家的戰(zhàn)略物資，不僅采取     發(fā)展  的數(shù)控技術(shù)及其產(chǎn)業(yè)，而 在“高 尖”數(shù)控  技術(shù)和裝備  對(duì) 國(guó)    和 制  。  ， 力發(fā)展以數(shù)控技術(shù)為核心的先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)  為世界各發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家  經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、提高  國(guó)力和國(guó)家  的   。    數(shù)控技術(shù)是用數(shù)信息對(duì)動(dòng)和工過(guò)程進(jìn) 控制的技術(shù)，數(shù)控裝備是以數(shù)控技術(shù)為代的新技術(shù)對(duì)currency1'制造產(chǎn)業(yè)和新興制造業(yè)的“ 的fifl化產(chǎn) ，的數(shù)化裝備，其技術(shù) 多”(1)制造技術(shù)(2)信息 、 工、currency1技術(shù)(3) 動(dòng)控制技術(shù)(4) 動(dòng)技術(shù)(5)currency1技術(shù)(6)技術(shù)等。1 數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)數(shù)控技術(shù)的應(yīng)用不 currency1'制造業(yè) 的變化，使制造業(yè) 為工業(yè)化的，而  著數(shù)控技術(shù)的不 發(fā)展和應(yīng)用”的  ， 對(duì)國(guó) 民生的fi    業(yè)（IT、  、 工、  等）的發(fā)展 著     的用， 為   業(yè) 裝備的數(shù)化 是現(xiàn)代發(fā)展的 。  世界上數(shù)控技術(shù)及其裝備發(fā)展的   ，其 以  個(gè)   1 4。11 高速、高精加工技術(shù)及裝備的新趨勢(shì)        、 是先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的 fl。高 、高  工技術(shù)    提高  ，提高產(chǎn) 的 和，生產(chǎn)  和提高市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。為此 本先端技術(shù) 將其列為5 現(xiàn)代制造技術(shù) fi，國(guó)際生產(chǎn)工程學(xué) （CIRP）將其確定為21世紀(jì)的中心 向 fi。      在轎 工業(yè)”，年產(chǎn)30萬(wàn)輛的生產(chǎn)節(jié)拍是40秒/輛，而 多 種 工是轎 裝備必須解決的 問(wèn)題 fi在航空和宇航工業(yè)”，其 工的零部多為薄壁和薄筋，剛度差，材料為鋁或鋁 金，只 在高切削 度和切削力小的情況 ，才能對(duì) 筋、壁進(jìn)  工。近 采用 型整fl鋁 金坯料“掏空”的 法 制造翼、身等 型零 替代多個(gè)零通過(guò)眾多的鉚釘、螺釘和其 聯(lián)結(jié) 式拼裝，使構(gòu)的強(qiáng)度、剛度和 靠得到提高。  都對(duì) 工裝備提出高 、高 和高柔的 求。      EMO2001展 情況  ，高  工中心進(jìn)  度 達(dá)80m/min，甚至更高，空  度 達(dá)100m/min左右。  世界上許多  廠，包括 國(guó)的上海通用  公司 經(jīng)采用以高  工中心組 的生產(chǎn)線部分替代組 床。美國(guó)CINCINNATI公司的HyperMach床進(jìn)  度最 達(dá)60m/min，快 為100m/min，  度達(dá)2g， 軸轉(zhuǎn) 達(dá)60 000r/min。 工fi薄壁飛零，只用30min，而同樣的零在fi般高 銑床 工 3h，在普通銑床 工 8h德國(guó)DMG公司的雙 軸 床的 軸 度及  度分別達(dá)12*!000r/mm和1g。      在 工 度  ，近10年 ，普通級(jí)數(shù)控床的 工 度 由10m提高到5m， 密級(jí) 工中心則3 5m，提高到1 1.5m，并 超 密 工 度 開(kāi)始進(jìn)入納米級(jí)(0.01m)。      在 靠  ，國(guó)外數(shù)控裝置的MTBF值 達(dá)6 000h以上， 系'的MTBF值達(dá)到30000h以上，現(xiàn)出非常高的 靠。為 現(xiàn)高 、高  工，與 配套的功能部如 軸、直線得到快 的發(fā)展，應(yīng)用”進(jìn)fi步  。1.2 五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工和復(fù)合加工機(jī)床快速發(fā)展      采用5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)對(duì)三維曲 零的 工， 用刀具最佳 何狀進(jìn) 切削，不僅光潔度高，而   也 幅度提高。fi般認(rèn)為，1臺(tái)5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)床的   以等于2臺(tái)3軸聯(lián)動(dòng)床，特別是使用   化 等超 材料銑刀進(jìn) 高 銑削   零時(shí)，5軸聯(lián)動(dòng) 工  3軸聯(lián)動(dòng) 工發(fā) 更高的  。過(guò)  5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控系'、 結(jié)構(gòu)  等  ，其    3軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控床高出數(shù) ，   程技術(shù) 度  ，制 5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)床的發(fā)展。      當(dāng) 由于 軸的出現(xiàn)，使得 現(xiàn)5軸聯(lián)動(dòng) 工的   軸 結(jié)構(gòu) 為 化，其制造 度和 本 幅度  ，數(shù)控系'的  差 小。 此 進(jìn)   軸 類型5軸聯(lián)動(dòng)床和   工床（ 5  工床）的發(fā)展。      在EMO2001展 上，新 本工的5  工床采用   軸 ，  現(xiàn)4個(gè) 直平 的 工和   度的 工，使得5  工和5軸 工 在同fi臺(tái)床上 現(xiàn)，還  現(xiàn)   和的 工。德國(guó)DMG公司展出DMUVoution系列 工中心， 在fi裝 5  工和5軸聯(lián)動(dòng) 工， 由CNC系'控制或CAD/CAM直或控制。1.3 智能化、開(kāi)放式、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化成為當(dāng)代數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的主要趨勢(shì)。21世紀(jì)的數(shù)控裝備將是具 fi定能化的系'，能化的currency1'包括在數(shù)控系'中的各個(gè)  為“求 工  和 工  的能化，如 工過(guò)程的 適應(yīng)控制，工數(shù) 動(dòng)生 為提高動(dòng)能及使用 fi的能化，如 fl控制、數(shù)的 適應(yīng) 、 動(dòng)別 動(dòng)定 型、 整定等 化 程、 化  的能化，如能化的 動(dòng) 程、能化的人界 等還 能 、能控  的currency1'、 fi系'的 及維等。      為解決currency1'的數(shù)控系' ”和數(shù)控應(yīng)用的產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)在的問(wèn)題。  許多國(guó)家對(duì)開(kāi)式數(shù)控系'進(jìn) ，如美國(guó)的NGC( 的工 / 控制)、 fl的OSACA、 本的OSEC，中國(guó)的ONC等。數(shù)控系'開(kāi)化 經(jīng) 為數(shù)控系'的  。開(kāi)式數(shù)控系'就是數(shù)控系'的開(kāi)發(fā) 以在'fi的 平臺(tái)上， 向床廠家和最用，通過(guò)變、 或結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)（數(shù)控功能）， 系列化，并  fi 將用的特應(yīng)用和技術(shù) 到控制系'中，快  現(xiàn)不同 種、不同的開(kāi)式數(shù)控系'， 具  個(gè)的產(chǎn) 。  開(kāi)式數(shù)控系'的fl系結(jié)構(gòu)、通信、配置、 平臺(tái)、數(shù)控系'功能 以及數(shù)控系'功能開(kāi)發(fā)工具等是當(dāng) 的核心。       化數(shù)控裝備是近 年國(guó)際 床   的fi個(gè)新 。數(shù)控裝備的  化將     生產(chǎn)線、制造系'、制造 業(yè)對(duì)信息 的 求，也是 現(xiàn)新的制造 式如  制造、   業(yè)、 制造的基 。國(guó)currency1外fi  數(shù)控床和數(shù)控系'制造公司都在近 年 出  的新 和樣，如在EMO2001展中， 本馬克（Mazak)公司展出的“CyberProduction Center”（能生產(chǎn)控制中心，  CPC) 本  （Okuma）床公司展出“IT plaza”（信息技術(shù)廣場(chǎng)，  IT廣場(chǎng))德國(guó)   (Siemens)公司展出的開(kāi)制造 ，  OME）等，  數(shù)控床 工向  化 向發(fā)展的 。1.4 重視新技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)范的建立       1.4.1 關(guān)于數(shù)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)規(guī)范      如 ，開(kāi)式數(shù)控系' 更 的通用、柔、適應(yīng)、 展，美國(guó)、 fl和 本等國(guó)    戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展 ，并進(jìn) 開(kāi)式fl系結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)控系'(OMAC、OSACA、OSEC)的和制定，世界3個(gè)最 的經(jīng)濟(jì)fl在 currency1進(jìn) 同的學(xué) 和的制定， 數(shù)控技術(shù)的fi個(gè)新的變 時(shí) 的  。 國(guó)在2000年也開(kāi)始進(jìn) 中國(guó)的ONC數(shù)控系'的  的和制定。 1.4.2 關(guān)于數(shù)控標(biāo)準(zhǔn)      數(shù)控標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是制造業(yè)信息化發(fā)展的fi種 。數(shù)控技術(shù)誕生后的50年的信息交換都是基于ISO6983標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，采用G，M代碼描如何（how） 工，其本 特是 向 工過(guò)程，顯然，     不能  現(xiàn)代數(shù)控技術(shù)高 發(fā)展的  。為此，國(guó)際上正在和制定fi種新的CNC系'標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ISO14649（STEPNC)，其 的是提供fi種不依賴于具fl系'的中制，能夠描產(chǎn) 整個(gè)生  currency1的'fi數(shù)據(jù) 型，而 現(xiàn)整個(gè)制造過(guò)程，乃至各個(gè)工業(yè)”產(chǎn) 信息的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。      STEP-NC的出現(xiàn) 能是數(shù)控技術(shù)”的fi ，對(duì)于數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展乃至整個(gè)制造業(yè)，將產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。首先，STEP-NC提出fi種嶄新的制造 ，currency1'的制造 中，NC 工程序都中在個(gè)  上。而在新標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ，NC程序 以分散在互聯(lián) 上， 正是數(shù)控技術(shù)開(kāi)式、  化發(fā)展的 向。其，STEP-NC數(shù)控系'還   減少 工圖紙（ 75）、 工程序 制時(shí)（ 35）和 工時(shí)（ 50）。        ，美國(guó)家非常 視STEP-NC的，洲發(fā) STEP-NC的IMS (1999.1.1 2001.12.31)。  項(xiàng) 的   洲和 本的20個(gè)CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC用、廠商和學(xué)術(shù)構(gòu)。美國(guó)的STEP Tools公司是 currency1制造業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)交換的開(kāi)發(fā)者，  經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)用數(shù)控床 工信息交換的超級(jí) 型(Super Model)，其 標(biāo)是用'fi的描  工過(guò)程。   種新的數(shù)據(jù)交換 式 經(jīng)在配備SIEMENS、FIDIA以及洲OSACA-NC數(shù)控系'的 型樣上進(jìn) 驗(yàn)證。2 對(duì)我國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)及其產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的基本估計(jì) 國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù) 步于1958年，近50年的發(fā)展歷程 致 分為3個(gè)階段第fi階段1958年到1979年， ”式發(fā)展階段。在此階段，由于國(guó)外的技術(shù)  和 國(guó)的基 條的 制，數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展 為緩慢。第二階段是在國(guó)家的“六五”、“七五” 以及“八五”的  ，引進(jìn)技術(shù)，消化吸收，初步建  國(guó)產(chǎn)化fl系階段。在此階段，由于 開(kāi)和國(guó)家的 視，以及開(kāi)發(fā) 和國(guó)際 的善， 國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)的、開(kāi)發(fā)以及在產(chǎn) 的國(guó)產(chǎn)化  都取得長(zhǎng) 的進(jìn)步。第三階段是在國(guó)家的“八五”的后 和“九五” ，  產(chǎn)業(yè)化的，進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)階段。在此階段， 國(guó)國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控裝備的產(chǎn)業(yè)化取得  進(jìn)步。在“九五”末 ，國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控床的國(guó)currency1市場(chǎng)占  達(dá)50，配國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控系'（普及型）也達(dá)到10。    縱觀 國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)近50年的發(fā)展歷程，特別是經(jīng)過(guò)4個(gè)5年 的攻 ， fl  取得以  績(jī)。      1.奠定數(shù)控技術(shù)發(fā)展的基 ，基本掌握現(xiàn)代數(shù)控技術(shù)。 國(guó)現(xiàn)在 基本掌握數(shù)控系'、 動(dòng)、數(shù)控 、專及其配套的基 技術(shù)，其中 部分技術(shù) 具備進(jìn) 商 化開(kāi)發(fā)的基 ，部分技術(shù) 商 化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化。      2.初步 數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)基 。在攻  果和部分技術(shù)商 化的基 上，建 諸如華中數(shù)控、航天數(shù)控等具 批生產(chǎn)能力的數(shù)控系'生產(chǎn)廠。蘭州廠、華中數(shù)控等f(wàn)i批 系'和 生產(chǎn)廠以及北京第fi床廠、濟(jì)南第fi床廠等若干數(shù)控 生產(chǎn)廠。  生產(chǎn)廠基本 國(guó)的數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)基 。      3.建 fi支數(shù)控、開(kāi)發(fā)、管 人才的基本隊(duì)伍。雖然在數(shù)控技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)以及產(chǎn)業(yè)化  取得長(zhǎng) 的進(jìn)步， 們也 清醒 認(rèn)到， 國(guó)高端數(shù)控技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)，尤其是在產(chǎn)業(yè)化  的技術(shù)水平現(xiàn)狀與 國(guó)的現(xiàn)  求還   的差 。雖然縱向  國(guó)的發(fā)展 度快，橫向 （與國(guó)外對(duì) ）不僅技術(shù)水平 差 ，在某   發(fā)展 度也 差 ，fi 高 尖的數(shù)控裝備的技術(shù)水平差     。國(guó)際上  ，對(duì) 國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)水平和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平估  致如       1.技術(shù)水平上，與國(guó)外先進(jìn)水平  落后10 15年，在高 尖技術(shù)  則更      2.產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平上，市場(chǎng)占   ， 種 小，還沒(méi) 生產(chǎn)功能部專業(yè)化生產(chǎn)水平及 套能力  外觀 對(duì)差 靠不高，商 化程度不 國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控系'尚建   的 應(yīng)，用信心不 。      3. 持續(xù)發(fā)展的能力上，對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 數(shù)控技術(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)、工程化能力 弱數(shù)控技術(shù)應(yīng)用”拓展力度不強(qiáng)  標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的、制定滯后。    分析在上差 的     以  個(gè)  。      1.認(rèn)  。對(duì)國(guó)產(chǎn)數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)程艱巨、  和長(zhǎng) 的特認(rèn)不 對(duì)市場(chǎng)的不、國(guó)外的   扼殺、fl制等困 估 不 對(duì) 國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)應(yīng)用水平及能力分析不夠。      2.fl系  。技術(shù)的 度 注數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)化問(wèn)題的時(shí)候多，系'的、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的 度  考慮數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)化問(wèn)題的時(shí)候少?zèng)] 建 完整的高 的配套fl系、完善的培訓(xùn)、務(wù)  等支撐fl系。       3.制  。不良制造 人才流失，又制 技術(shù)及技術(shù)線創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn) 創(chuàng)新， 制 的    ，往往 想，  困 。       4.技術(shù)  。 業(yè)在技術(shù)    創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，核心技術(shù)的工程化能力不強(qiáng)。床標(biāo)準(zhǔn)落后，水平  ，數(shù)控系'新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不夠。3 對(duì)我國(guó)數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略思考3.1 戰(zhàn)略考慮      國(guó)是制造 國(guó)，在世界產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移中 盡受 端而不是后端的轉(zhuǎn)移， 掌握先進(jìn)制造核心技術(shù)， 則在新fi 國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) 整中， 國(guó)制造業(yè)將進(jìn)fi步“空 ”。 們以資 、 、市場(chǎng)為代 ，交換得到的 能僅僅是世界新經(jīng)濟(jì)  中的國(guó)際“ 工中心”和“組裝中心”，而非掌握核心技術(shù)的制造中心的  ， 樣將   影響 國(guó)現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。      們應(yīng) 在國(guó)家  戰(zhàn)略的高度  視數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)問(wèn)題，首先     ， 為制造業(yè)是 國(guó)就業(yè)人 最多的 業(yè)，制造業(yè)發(fā)展不僅 提高人民的生活水平，而 還 緩解 國(guó)就業(yè)的 力，    的 定其國(guó)防   ，  發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 高 尖數(shù)控產(chǎn) 都列為國(guó)家的戰(zhàn)略物 ，對(duì) 國(guó) 現(xiàn) 和 制，“   ”和“考克   ”就是最 的 證。3.2 發(fā)展策略     國(guó)基本國(guó)情的 度出發(fā)，以國(guó)家的戰(zhàn)略 求和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的市場(chǎng) 求為 向，以提高 國(guó)制造裝備業(yè)  競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力和產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平為 標(biāo)，用系'的 法， 能夠 21世紀(jì)初  國(guó)制造裝備業(yè)發(fā)展 級(jí)的  技術(shù)以及支持產(chǎn)業(yè)化發(fā)展的支撐技術(shù)、配套技術(shù)為開(kāi)發(fā)的currency1'， 現(xiàn)制造裝備業(yè)的  式發(fā)展。      強(qiáng) 市場(chǎng) 求為 向，以數(shù)控端產(chǎn) 為 ，以整（如  廣的數(shù)控 床、銑床、高 高 高能數(shù)控床、 型數(shù)化、 業(yè)   備等）動(dòng)數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。 解決數(shù)控系'和  功能部（數(shù)化 系'與、高 軸系'和新型裝備的 等）的 靠和生產(chǎn) 問(wèn)題。沒(méi) 就不  高 靠的產(chǎn) 沒(méi) 就不      而  競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的產(chǎn) 當(dāng)然，沒(méi) 中國(guó)的數(shù)控裝備最 以 出   。      在高 尖裝備發(fā)  ， 強(qiáng) 產(chǎn)、學(xué)、以及最用的密結(jié) ，以“得出、用得上、得”為 標(biāo)，國(guó)家  攻 ，以解決國(guó)家 。      在競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 數(shù)控技術(shù)  ，強(qiáng) 創(chuàng)新，強(qiáng) 開(kāi)發(fā)具   currency1產(chǎn)'的技術(shù)和產(chǎn) ，為 國(guó)數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)、裝備制造業(yè)乃至整個(gè)制造業(yè)的 持續(xù)發(fā)展奠定基 。Numerical control technology and equipment trend of development and countermeasure The equipment industry technical level and the modernized degree were deciding the entire national economy level and the modernized degree, the numerical control technology and the equipment are the development emerging high technology and new technology industry and the state-of-art industry (for example defense industry industries and so on information  technology  and  industry,  biological  technology  and  industry,  aviation, astronautics) enables the technology and the most basic equipment. Marx had said “each kind of economical time difference, does not lie in produces any, but how lies in produces, with any means of labor production”. The technique of manufacture and the equipment is the humanity produces active the most basic producer goods, but the numerical control technology also is advanced now the technique of manufacture and the equipment most core technology. Now the various countries manufacturing industry widely uses the numerical control technology, sharpens the manufacturing capacity and the level, enhances to the dynamic changeable market adaptiveness and competitive ability. In addition in the world various industries developed country also lists as the national strategic resources the numerical control technology and the numerical control equipment, not only takes the significant measure to develop own numerical control technology and the industry, moreover implements the blockade and the limit policy in “precise and advanced” the numerical control key technologies and the equipment aspect to our country. In brief, develops vigorously take the numerical control technology has become the world each developed country acceleration economy development as the core advanced technique of manufacture, enhances the comprehensive national strength and the national status important way.The numerical control technology is carries on the control with the numerical information to the mechanical movement and the work process the technology, the numerical control equipment is take the numerical control technology as representative's new technology the integration of machinery product which forms to the traditional manufacture industry and the emerging manufacturing industry seepage, namely so-called digitized equipment, its technical scope cover very many domains: (1) machine manufacture technology； (2) information  processing,  processing,  transmission  technology；  (3)  automatic  control technology； (4) servo actuates the technology； (5) sensor technology； (6) software technology and so on.1 numerical control technology trend of developmentNot only the numerical control technology application has brought the revolutionary change for the traditional manufacturing industry, causes the manufacturing industry to become the industrialization the symbol, moreover along with numerical control technology unceasing development and application domain expansion, he to national economy and the people's livelihood some important professions (IT, automobile, light industry, medical service and so on) development more and more vital role, because these professions must equip the digitization already was the modern development major tendency. The numerical control technology and the equipment development tendency looked from the present world that, its main research hot spot has following several aspect 14.1.1 high speed, high precision work technology and equipment new tendencyThe efficiency, the quality are the advanced technique of manufacture main bodies. High speed, the high precision work technology may enhance the efficiency enormously, enhances the product the quality and the scale, reduces the production cycle and sharpens the market competition ability. Lists as one of 5 great modern techniques of manufacture for this Japan Tip Technology Research board it, the international production project learns (CIRP) its determination is one of 21st century central research directions.In the passenger vehicle industry domain, yearly produces 300,000 production metres was 40/s，moreover the multi-variety processing is one of key questions which the passenger vehicle equipment must solve； In the aviation and the astronavigation industry domain, its processing spare part many for the thin wall and the thin muscle, the rigidity is very bad, material for aluminum or aluminum alloy, only then in the high cutting speed and the cutting force very small situation, can to these muscles, the wall carry on the processing. Recently uses the large-scale overall aluminum alloy semifinished materials “pull out spatially” the method to make the wing, the fuselage and so on the large-scale components substitutes many components through the multitudinous rivets, the bolt and other joint way assembling, causes the component the intensity, the rigidity and the reliability obtains the enhancement. These all to processed the equipment to propose high speed, Gao Jing and the high flexible request.Unfolds from EMO2001 meets the situation to look that, processes the center feed rate to be possible high speed to reach 80m/min, even higher, the aerial transport stroke speed may reach 100m/About min. At present in the world many automotive factories, including our country's Shanghai General Motors, already used by the high speed processing center composition  production  line  part  substitution  aggregate  machine-tool.  American CINCINNATI Corporation's HyperMach engine bed feed rate reaches 60m/most greatlymin, fast is 100m/min, the acceleration reaches 2g, the main axle rotational speed has reached 60 000r/min. Processes a thin wall airplane part, only uses 30min, but the same components need 3h in the common high speed milling machine processing, needs 8h in the plain milling machine processing； The German DMG Corporation's double main axle lathe main axle speed and the acceleration respectively reach 12*! 000r/mm和1g。In the processing precision aspect, in the recent 10 years, the ordinary level numerical control engine bed processing precision from 10m enhanced 5m, the fine level of secrecy processing center from 35 m, enhances to 11.5 m, and the ultra precise processing precision started to enter a nanometer level (0.01m).In the reliable aspect, the overseas numerical control installment value has reached above 6 000h, the servosystem value achieved above 30000h, displays the extremely high reliability. In order to realize, the high precision work high speed, with it necessary function part like electricity main axle, the straight line electrical machinery obtained the fast development, the application domain further expanded.1.2 5 axis linkage processing and compound processing engine bed fast developmentUses 5 axis linkages to the three dimensional curved surface components processing, the available cutting tool best geometry shape carries on the cutting, not only the smooth finish is high, moreover the efficiency also large scale enhances. Believed generally that, 1 5 axis linkage engine bed efficiency may be equal to 2 3 axis linkage engine bed, specially uses when the cubic boron nitride and so on the ultra hard material milling cutter carries on the high speed milling hardened steel components, 5 axis linkage processing may compared to 3 axis linkage processing display a higher benefit. Because but past 5 axis linkage numerical control system, main engine structure complex and so on reasons, its price must outdo the several fold compared to 3 axis linkage numerical control engine bed, added the programming technology difficulty to be big, has restricted 5 axis linkage engine bed development.Current as a result of electricity main axle appearance, causes to realize 5 axis linkage processing compound host axle neck structure is greatly the simplification, its manufacture difficulty and the cost reduce large scale, numerical control system price disparity reduction. Therefore promoted the compound host axle neck type 5 axis linkage engine bed and the compound processing engine bed (including 5 processing engine beds) development.Unfolds at the meeting in EMO2001, the new Japanese labor machine 5 processing engine beds use the compound host axle neck, may realize 4 vertical plane processings and the random angle processing, causes 5 processings and 5 axis processings may realize on the identical Taiwan engine bed, but also may realize the inclined plane and the back taper hole processing. German DMG Corporation displays the DMUVoution series processing center, may clamp the next 5 processings and 5 axis linkage processing in an attire, may by the CNC systems or CAD/CAM which  are controled  deract or inderact.1.3 intellectualizations, open style, the network becomes the contemporary numerical control system development the main tendencyThe 21st century numerical control equipments will be has certain intellectualized system, the intellectualized content including in numerical control system each aspect: In order to pursue the processing efficiency and the processing quality aspect intellectualization, like processing process adaptive control, craft parameter automatic production； In order to enhance the actuation performance and the use connection convenient intellectualization, like feed-forward control, electrical machinery parameter auto-adapted operation, automatic diagnosis  load  automatic  designation  model,  self  regulating  grade；  Simplification programming,  simplification  operation  aspect  intellectualization,  like  intellectualized automatic programming, intellectualized man-machine contact surface and so on； Also has the intelligence to diagnose, the intelligent monitoring aspect content, the convenience system diagnosis and the service and so on.In order to solve the traditional numerical control system closeness and the numerical control application software industrial production production existence question. At present many countries conduct the research to the open style numerical control system, like US NGC(The Next Generation Work-Station/Machine Control)、European Economic Community OSACA(Open System Architecture for Control within Automation Systems)、Japanese OSEC(Open System Environment for Controller)，Chinese ONC(Open Numerical Control System) and so on。The numerical control system will open already becomes the numerical control system road of the future. The so-called open style numerical control system is the numerical control system development may in the unified movement platform, face the engine bed factory and the end-user, through the change, the increase or the tailor structure object (numerical control function), forms the seriation, and may conveniently integrates user's special application and the technical knack in the control system, the fast realization different variety, the different scale open style numerical control system, forms has the bright individuality famous brand goods. At present the open style numerical control system architecture standard, the correspondence standard, the disposition standard, the movement platform, the numerical control system function storehouse as well as the numerical control system function software development kit and so on is the current research core.The network numerical control equipment is a near two year international famous engine bed exposition new luminescent spot. The numerical control equipment network enormously will satisfy the production line, the manufacture system, the manufacture enterprise to the information integration demand, also will be realizes new manufacture pattern like agile manufacture, hypothesized enterprise, the global manufacture foundation unit. The domestic and foreign some famous numerical control engine bed and the numerical control system manufacture company all has promoted the related new concept and the prototype in the nearly two years. 1.4 takes the new technical standard, the standard establishment1.4.1 about numerical control system design development standardAs mentioned above, the open style numerical control system has a better versatility, the flexibility, the compatibility, the extension, countries and so on US, European Economic Community and Japan implements the strategy development plan in abundance, and carries on the open style architecture numerical control system specification (OMAC, OSACA, OSEC) the research and the formulation, the world 3 biggest economies have carried on the nearly same science plan and the standard formulation in the short-term, has indicated a numerical control technology new transformation time oncoming. Our country also started in 2000 to conduct China's ONC numerical control system standard frame research and the formulation.1.4.2 about numerical control standardThe numerical control standard is the manufacturing industry informationization development one tendency. The numerical control technology is born after 50 year exchanges of information all is based on the ISO6983 standard, how namely uses the G, M code to describe the (how) processing, its substantive characteristics faces the processing process, obviously, he has more and more not been able to satisfy modern numerical control technology high speed the need to develop. Therefore, on international is studying and formulates one kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649(STEP-NC), its goal is provides one kind not to rely on the concrete system neutral mechanism, can describe in the product entire life cycle unified data model, thus realizes the entire manufacture process, and even each industry domain product information standardization.The STEP-NC appearance is possibly a numerical control area of technology revolution, regarding the numerical control technology development and even the entire manufacturing industry, will have the profound influence. First, STEP-NC proposed one kind of brand-new manufacture idea, in the traditional manufacture idea, the NC processing procedure all concentrates on the single computer. But under the new standard, the NC procedure may disperse on the Internet, this is precisely the numerical control technology open style, the network development direction. Next, the STEP-NC numerical control system also may reduce the processing blueprint greatly (approximately 75%), the processing programming time (approximately 35%) and the process period (approximately 50%).At present, the European and American countries extremely took STEP-NC the research, Europe initiate STEP-NC IMS to plan (1999.1.12001.12.31). Participates in this plan to have comes from European and Japan's 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC user, manufacturer and academic organization. US's STEP Tools Corporation is in the global scope the manufacturing industry data exchange software exploiter, he already developed has served as the numerical control engine bed processing exchange of information the super model (Super Model), its goal was with the unification standard description all processing process. At present this kind of recent data exchange form already in has provided SIEMENS, FIDIA as well as on the European OSACA-NC numerical control system prototype prototype has carried on the confirmation.2 pair of our country numerical control technology and industrial development basic estimateOur country numerical control technology start in 1958, the near 50 year development course might divide into 3 stages approximately: First stage from 1958 to 1979, namely enclosed type development phase. In this stage, as a result of the overseas technical blockade with our country's foundation condition limit, the numerical control technology development is slow. The second stage is in the country “65”, “75” the period as well as “85” the earlier period,  namely the  introduction  technology,  the  digestion  absorption,  establishes  the manufacture domestically system stage initially. In this stage, as a result of reform and open policy and the national value, as well as the research development environment and the international environment improvement, our country numerical control technology research, the development as well as has all made the considerable progress in the product manufacture domestically aspect. The third stage is in the country “85” later period and “95” period, namely the implementation industrial production research, enters the market competition stage. In this stage, our country domestic product numerical control equipment industrial production has made the substantive progress. In “95” the last stage, the domestically produced numerical control engine bed domestic market percentage of reaches 50%, matched the domestically produced numerical control system (popular sedan) also to achieve 10%.Looks over our country numerical control technology near 50 year development course, specially passes through 4 5 year plan attacks, the overall looked has obtained following result.Has laid the numerical control technological development foundation, has grasped the modern numerical control technology basically. Our country basically has grasped now from the numerical control system, the servo actuated, the numerical control main engine, the special plane and the necessary foundation technology, in which majority of technologies has had carries on the commercialized development the foundation, the partial technologies commercialized, the industrial production.Has formed the numerical control industry base initially. In the attack achievement and in the partial technical commercialization foundation, established such as the Central China numerical control, astronautics numerical control and so on had the volume production ability numerical control system plant. Lanzhou electrical machinery plant, Central China numerical control and so on one batch of servosystem and servo electrical machinery plant as well as Beijing first machine tool factory, Jinan first machine tool factory and so on certain numerical control main engine plant. These plants have basically formed our country's numerical control industry baseHas established a numerical control research, the development, managerial talent's basic troop. Although has made the considerable progress in the numerical control technology research development as well as the industrial production aspect, but we also must realize soberly, our country high end numerical control technology research development, in particular also has the big disparity in the industrial production aspect technical level present situation and our country's realistic demand. Although from longitudinal looked our country's development speed is very quick, not only but crosswise compared to (with overseas contrast) the technical level has the disparity, also has the disparity in certain aspect development speed, namely some precise and advanced numerical control equipment technical level disparity has the expanded tendency. From international looked that, is approximately as follows to our country numerical control technical level and the industrial production level estimate. In the technical level, probably falls behind with the overseas advanced level for 1015 years, in precise and advanced technical aspect then bigger. In the industrial production level, the market share is low, the variety coverage fraction is small, but also has not formed the scale production； The function part specialization production level and complete set ability are low； Outward appearance quality relative error； The reliability is not high, the commercialized degree is insufficient； The domestically produced numerical control system not yet establishes own brand effect, the user confidence is insufficient. In sustainable development ability, to the competition before the numerical control technology research development, project ability is weak； Numerical control technology application domain development dynamics is not strong； Correlation standard standard research, formulation lag.The analysis existence above disparity primary cause has following several aspects. Knows the aspect. To domestically produced numerical control industry advancement difficulty, complexity and long-term characteristic understanding insufficiency； To the market not standard, overseas blocks Canada to strangle, the system and so on the difficult underestimate； Is insufficient to our country numerical control technology application level and ability analysis. System aspect. From technical angle attention numerical control industrial production question time are many, from system, industrial chain angle overall evaluation numerical control industrial production question time are few； Has not established the integrity high grade necessary support systems and so on system, consummation training, service network. Machine-made aspect. The good opportunity does not make the adult only then to drain, also has restricted technical and the technical route innovation, the product innovation, also has restricted the plan effective implementation, often plans the ideal, the implementation difficulttechnology aspect. The enterprise innovates in the technical aspect ability not to be strong independently, core technologies project ability is not strong. The engine bed standard is backward, the level is low, the numerical control system new standard research is insufficient.3.To our country numerical control technology and industrial production development strategic ponder3.1 strategy considerationOur country makes the great nation front end, but must accept in the world industry shift is not the rear end shift as far as possible, namely must grasp the advanced manufacture core technologies, otherwise in the new turn international industrial structure adjustment, our country manufacturing industry will go a step further “the spatial core”. We take the resources, the environment, the market as the price, the exchange obtain possibly merely are in the world new economical pattern international “the p