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1 完型 1 “ Culture shock” occurs as a result of total immersion in a new culture“文化沖擊”是完全浸人一種新文化所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。 It happens to “ people who have been suddenly moved abroad” 這一現(xiàn)象經(jīng)常發(fā)生在“突然移居國(guó)外的人”身上。 Newcomers may be anxious because they do not speak the language, know the customs, or understand peoples behavior in daily deili ad. 每日地,日常地 a. 每日的,日常的 life初來(lái)乍到者與當(dāng)?shù)厝酥v不同的語(yǔ)言,不了解當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)俗,也無(wú)法理解人們?nèi)粘I钪械男袨椤K麄儠?huì)因此而感到焦慮不安。 The visitor finds that “ yes” may not always mean“ yes,旅游者發(fā)現(xiàn)“是”并非總代表“贊同”, that friendliness does not necessarily mean friendship,友好不一定代表友誼, or that statements that appear to be serious are really intended as jokes聽(tīng)起來(lái)嚴(yán)肅的話語(yǔ)也許只是玩笑。 The foreigner may be unsure as to(至于) when to shake hands or hug, when to start conversations, or how to approach a stranger外國(guó)人無(wú)法確定什么情況下該握手,什么情況下該擁 抱,什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始說(shuō)話,如何結(jié)識(shí)陌生人。 The notion(概念 ) of “ culture shock” helps explain feelings of bewilderment ( n.困惑 )“文化沖擊”可以幫助我們解釋這種困惑感。 Language problems do not account for all the frustrations ( n.挫折) that people feel語(yǔ)言并非造成人們這種挫折感的全部原因。 When one is deprived ( vt.奪去) of everything that was once(adv.一次 ) familiar a.熟悉的;冒昧的 , such as understanding a transportation system, knowing how to register for university classes,or knowing how to make friends.difficulties in dealing with the new society may arise .像交通系統(tǒng),注冊(cè)大學(xué)課程,交友等這些一個(gè)人曾經(jīng)熟 悉的一切全部消失,他在新社會(huì)中肯定會(huì)碰到一些困難。 完型 Great books deal ( v t.對(duì)付;應(yīng)付 ,常與 with 連用 )with the persistently unsolved problems of human life 重要的書(shū)籍是用來(lái)解決人類生活中難以解決的問(wèn)題的 There are genuine a.真的;真正的 mysteries n.神秘小說(shuō),偵探小說(shuō) in the world that mark the limits( n.極限 ) of human knowing and thinking 世界上確實(shí)有一些限制人類知識(shí)和思維的真正神秘的東西 Inquiry not only begins with wonder, but usually ends with it also 詢問(wèn)不僅開(kāi)始于疑惑,也結(jié)束于疑惑 Great minds acknowledge v t .承認(rèn);表示感謝 mysteries honestly 偉人都承認(rèn)神秘的存在 Wisdom( n.智慧,聰明,才智 )is fortified(加強(qiáng)的 )not destroyed ( v t .破壞,毀滅;消滅) , by understanding its limitations( n.限制;限度,局限 )智慧是可以通過(guò)了解它的限制來(lái)得到加強(qiáng)而不是被摧毀 It is our privilege( n.特權(quán),優(yōu)惠 ) ,as readers ,to belong to( 屬于 )the larger brotherhood( n. 哲學(xué) 博愛(ài); 手足情誼) of man that recognizes( vt.識(shí)別) no national(國(guó)家的 ) boundaries n.分界線 It is our privilege, as readers ,to belong to the larger brotherhood of man that recognizes no national boundaries 作為讀者,我們是屬于廣范圍的集體,沒(méi)有任何國(guó)界,這是我們的特權(quán) I do not know how to escape vt.逃脫 from the strait-jacket(約束物 )of political nationalism 我不知道如何擺脫政治國(guó)家主義的束縛 I do know how we become friends of the human spirit(n.精神 ) in all its manifestations n.表明 ; 現(xiàn)象 (顯示 ), regardless( a. 不管的; 2 不顧的。與 of 連用) of time and place It is by reading the great books 但是我確實(shí)知道我們?nèi)绾卧诖蠓秶鷥?nèi)成為人類精神的朋友,不受時(shí)間地點(diǎn)的局限。我們可以通過(guò)讀好書(shū)達(dá)到這一點(diǎn) (完型 ) What a challenge I must have been to Miss Sullivan! I remember the many times she tried to spell words into my small hand But neither words nor letters meant anything to me I thought her finger movements were some kind of game But at last。 On April 5, 1887, she reached my understanding About a month after her arrival, she taught me the word water我對(duì)薩利文小姐是個(gè)多大的挑戰(zhàn)呀 !我記著她多次努力,在我小手里拼寫(xiě)單詞,但無(wú)論單詞還是字母對(duì)我都毫無(wú)意義。在我看來(lái)。她手指的運(yùn)動(dòng)就是一種游戲,但 1887 年 4 月 5 日,她最終觸到了我的思維。她到后一個(gè)月,教會(huì)了我 水這個(gè)字 It happened at the well where 1 was holding a mug while my teacher drew water As the water gushed over my hand, she kept spelling w-a-t-e-r into my other hand with her fingers Suddenly I understood!這發(fā)生在井邊,我拿著大杯子,老師汲水。水從我手上流過(guò),她用手指不停地拼寫(xiě) 水 這個(gè)單詞,突然,我理解了。 完型 There are many ways of attaining education at all levels Many high schools, colieges, community or district adult schools as well as business and industrial institutions offer noncredit(無(wú)學(xué)分的 )daytime or evening classes in dozens of fields and skills It is reported that about 1 3 million Americans participate in different forms of adult education through schools, job training, or correspondence courses.About one in four American adults participate in an organized learning group each vear。 In recent years, there has been a trend to bring in older students for post secondary education degree As has been mentioned, the communitv college has made it possible for all sections of the population to have higher education Other colleges and universities, both public and private also offer what is now called“ continuing education” programs or“ lifelong education” programs of associate degrees?graduate studies or professional development Under such a system, a worker may contmue his study even on a part time basis, and a retired person may return college at an advanced age 有許多接受不同層次教育的方式。許多高中、大學(xué)、社區(qū)或區(qū)域成人學(xué)校以及工商業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)都提供許多領(lǐng)域和技能的無(wú)學(xué)分日班或夜班 。據(jù)報(bào)道,美國(guó)大約有 1300萬(wàn)人通過(guò)學(xué)校、職業(yè)培訓(xùn)或函授課程來(lái)參與不同形式的成人教育。大約四分之一的美國(guó)成人每年都要參加有組織的學(xué)習(xí)團(tuán)體。近幾年來(lái),有一種趨勢(shì)是讓年齡大一點(diǎn)的學(xué)生獲得中等教育學(xué)位。正如前面所提到的,社區(qū)大學(xué)可以使任何年齡段的人擁有接受高等教育的機(jī)會(huì)。其他學(xué)院和大學(xué),包括公立和私立的,都提供“繼續(xù)教育”或“終身教育”,用來(lái)獲得副學(xué)位、畢業(yè)教育或職業(yè)進(jìn)修。在這樣的教育體系下,工人可以進(jìn)行業(yè)余教育,上了年紀(jì)的退休的人也可以進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。 完型 Many people exchange presents and send Christmas cards to their family and friends 在圣誕節(jié),許多人交換禮物,給家人寄送賀卡 They open their presents on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning 他們?cè)谑フQ節(jié)前夜或圣誕節(jié)早上 3 打開(kāi)禮物 Often they leave the brightly wrapped packages under Christ runs Trees and children have fun for guessing what special surprises are in store for them 通常,他們把這些色彩絢爛的禮包放在圣誕樹(shù)下,孩子們猜測(cè)包中有什么,從中獲得樂(lè)趣 As the colorful cards arrive, Americans enjoy hanging them on the Christmas trees 收到五顏六色的賀卡后,美國(guó)人喜歡把它們掛在圣誕樹(shù)上 Many families go to church on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning Then they come home to enjoy a traditional Christmas dinner 許多家庭在圣誕前夜或圣誕節(jié)上午去教堂,然后回家享用傳統(tǒng)的圣誕家宴 Their favorite courses are turkey, goose, and plum pudding 他們最喜歡的菜是火雞、鵝和葡萄干布丁 Before going to bed children hang their stockings by their beds, hoping some candles and tovs will be given by Santa Claus 睡覺(jué)之前,孩子們把長(zhǎng)筒襪掛在床邊,希望圣誕老人會(huì)給他們送來(lái)糖果和玩具。 完型 5 Aging is the process of growing old It occurs eventually (最終 )in every living thing provided(倘若 ),of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely(過(guò)早地 ) The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin Signs of aging in a pet (寵物 )dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect(探測(cè) )衰老是逐漸變老的過(guò)程。衰老發(fā)生在每個(gè)有生命的事物中,除非疾病或其他緣故過(guò)早地將之損害。衰老的最熟悉的外在跡象可以在老人中看到,比如頭發(fā)變白,皮膚起了皺紋等。寵物狗、貓的衰老跡象是失去活力,聽(tīng)力和視力下降,皮毛的顏色變自變灰。植物也會(huì)衰老,但是衰老的跡象是很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。 Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficient1y during childhood They reach their peak at the time of maturity(成熟 ), or early adulthood Then they begin to decline Bones, for example , gradually become lighter and softer 身體的許多部位漸漸地成長(zhǎng)起來(lái),變大變壯,并且功能逐漸增強(qiáng)。這些器官在成熟或成年早期功能最強(qiáng)。然后開(kāi)始功能慢慢地衰退。比如, 骨頭漸漸地變輕變脆。 完型 6 The fact that I enjoy learning and gaining knowledge was my main reason for choosing to enter college,but I must admit that it was not the sole(惟一的 )reason In today s world, a college education had become almost essential if one wishes to compete in the job market In the next several years, this trend will surely continue with a bachelor s(學(xué)士 )degree becoming almost indispensable(必不可少的 )if one wishes to find a worthwhile(有價(jià)值的 ) position, and a master s(碩士 ) degree becoming highly desirable for advanced positions Although it may sound materialistic(唯物的 )。 I felt that attending college was a practical and necessary step that I took to ensure a secure future for my family and myself I made my choice to study engineering primarily on the basis of my love of mathematics 4 and the physical sciences; however, the fact that it is a well-paid and respected profession did have some influence on my final decision to study 喜歡學(xué)習(xí)和獲取知識(shí)是我選擇進(jìn)人大學(xué)的主要原因,但是我必須承認(rèn)這不是惟一的原因。在當(dāng)今的世界,如果想在工作中具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,那么擁有大學(xué)水平的教育是必需的。在未來(lái)的幾年中,這種趨勢(shì)肯定會(huì)繼續(xù)下 去,如果一個(gè)人想找到一個(gè)有價(jià)值的崗位,學(xué)士學(xué)位已經(jīng)變得必不可少了,并且碩士學(xué)位對(duì)某些高級(jí)崗位來(lái)講是非常合意的。盡管聽(tīng)起來(lái)是唯物的,但是我感覺(jué)上大學(xué)是必要的實(shí)踐步驟,是用來(lái)保證我和我的家庭未來(lái)安全的?;趯?duì)數(shù)學(xué)和自然科學(xué)的熱愛(ài),我選擇學(xué)習(xí)工程。然而,搞工程收入高和受到尊敬對(duì)我最后做出決定確實(shí)有一些影響。 完型 7 Twenty years ago, more than 60 of the employed work force was male now it has decreased to just 51 20年前, 60多的雇傭勞動(dòng)者是男性,現(xiàn)在這一數(shù)目已降到了 5l。 During this twenty-year period there has been a 2.8-million fall in the number of men in work, and a 2-Million rise in the number of women 20 年間,男性雇傭勞動(dòng)者減少了280 萬(wàn),而女性勞動(dòng)雇傭者增加了 200 萬(wàn)。 At present there are 10.68 million male employees and 10.14 million women現(xiàn)在,有 1068 萬(wàn)男性雇傭勞動(dòng)者, 1014 萬(wàn)女性勞動(dòng)雇傭者。 Although many women workers are part-time workers, around 45 of the total雖然許多婦女 (約占總數(shù)的 45 )是半日工, this represents the only source of earned income for many households in areas where employment is depressed沮喪的,凹陷的 她們的工資是許多勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)蕭條地區(qū)家庭的惟一收入來(lái)源。 Analysts say that much of the upturn in employment during the recovery of economy will be in part-time jobs for women但分析家指出,在經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)期內(nèi),勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)好轉(zhuǎn)就是給婦女半日工種工作。 A big British shop, as well as British Airways, has recently announced plans to increase part-time employment at the expense of full-time jobs英國(guó)航空公司和一家大型商店最近宣布,計(jì)劃減少全日工種以提高半日工種的數(shù)量 。 完型 8 The Urgency Addiction (癮、沉溺 ) 緊張的癖好 Some of us get so used to the rush of handling crises that we become dependent on it for a sense of excitement and energy我們當(dāng)中有些人習(xí)慣于忙忙碌碌地處理緊急情況,以至于我們依賴這種忙碌讓自己興奮和精神飽滿。 How does urgency feel ? Stressful ?Tense ?Exhausting ?Sure緊迫感是一種什么感覺(jué)呢 ?感覺(jué)有壓力 ?緊張 ?當(dāng)然是這樣。 But lets be honest Its also sometimes exciting We feel useful We feel successful坦白地說(shuō),有時(shí)候緊迫使人興奮、激 動(dòng),讓人感覺(jué)自己是能干的、成功的。 And we get good at it It brings instant results and instant satisfaction我們變得擅長(zhǎng)于此。緊迫能夠帶來(lái)即時(shí)的成就和滿足感。 We get a temporary(臨時(shí)的,暫時(shí)的 )excitement from solving urgent and important crises解決緊迫并且重要的危急事件可以得到暫時(shí)的興奮與激動(dòng)。Then when the importance isnt there, we would feel uneasy and we are drawn to anything urgent, just to stay in motion當(dāng)事情的重要性不復(fù)存在,我們就會(huì)變得不自在,對(duì)緊迫的事情非常感興趣,時(shí)刻處于行動(dòng)狀態(tài)中。 People expect us to be busy and overworked其他人都希望我們一直忙碌,并且超負(fù)荷工作。 Its become a status symbol in our society-if were busy, 5 were important; if were not busy, were almost embarrassed to admit it這已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)人社會(huì)身份的標(biāo)志了:如果我們非常忙碌,就說(shuō)明我們非常重要;如果不忙碌,我們幾乎羞于承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn) ?Being busy is where we get our security Its validating, popular, and pleasing忙碌給人安全感,也是一種證明,說(shuō)明你受歡迎、與人友善。 Its also a good excuse for not dealing with the first things in our lives同時(shí)它也是一個(gè)很好的借口,我們以此來(lái)為自己辯白為什么不去做生活中那些首要事情。 Urgency addiction is a self-destructive behavior that temporarily(臨時(shí)地、暫時(shí)地 )fills the void created by unmet needs盡管緊迫的癖好能夠暫時(shí)滿足一些需求,但它是一種自我毀滅的行為。 And instead of meeting these needs, the tools and approaches of time management often feed the addiction時(shí)間管理的各種工具和方法往往助長(zhǎng)人的這種癖好,而不是解決存在的問(wèn)題, They keep us focused on daily ordering of the urgent它們使人的注意力集中于每天將這些緊迫的事情排序 。 翻譯部分 演講時(shí),要極力放松。講話要慢,清楚,眼睛看著你的聽(tīng)眾。只要有可能就用簡(jiǎn)單的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。不是的停下幾秒鐘,讓你的聽(tīng)眾有機(jī)會(huì)想想你所講 過(guò)的東西。要確保屋子里的每一個(gè)人都聽(tīng)到你的講話。如果是個(gè)大屋子,你或許應(yīng)該用擴(kuò)音器。 記住,要有準(zhǔn)備。要了解你講演的主題,你的聽(tīng)眾和場(chǎng)合。要簡(jiǎn)短。說(shuō)你必須說(shuō)的,然后就結(jié)束。讓你的個(gè)性顯示出來(lái)。這樣你就訥訥感和聽(tīng)眾交心。 如果你遵守這些簡(jiǎn)單的步驟,你就明白沒(méi)有必要害怕在公眾面前講演。實(shí)際上,你會(huì)感到這種經(jīng)歷是饒有興味的,你會(huì)想要做更多的講演?,F(xiàn)在你還不相信?請(qǐng)?jiān)囈辉嚕纯辞闆r會(huì)如何。 為何某些人在講演時(shí)似乎能夠自然而然地吸引聽(tīng)眾的注意力并贏得足夠的尊重呢 ? 哪些因素有助于聽(tīng)眾傾聽(tīng)并留意講演內(nèi)容呢 ? 這些人 通常并未使用“牛津”英語(yǔ),亦未通過(guò)完美的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行自我表述,措辭決不是完美無(wú)缺, 這并非取決于演講者的身份或演講內(nèi)容。這些人通常并未使用“牛津”英語(yǔ),亦未通過(guò)完美的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行自我表述,措辭決不是完美無(wú)缺, 但他們能夠引起聽(tīng)眾的共鳴。 這些人往往具有優(yōu)美流暢、豐富多彩的語(yǔ)音,并能夠有效運(yùn)用語(yǔ)音幅度中的低音部分。 觀察和傾聽(tīng)他人的說(shuō)話, 音調(diào)低沉說(shuō)明具有一定的控制力和足夠的自信心。 6 那些語(yǔ)速較快、呼吸急促、音調(diào)較高的人似乎不如那些語(yǔ)速較慢、音調(diào)低沉的人更富有自信力。 在日常生活、社交及工作中,有時(shí)我們需要妥 善地運(yùn)用適度的音量和影響力的技能。 若對(duì)此感興趣,您不妨一試 。 若采用后一種選擇,您或者可以通過(guò)改變方式來(lái)重新提出要求,使之更加具有命令性,從而強(qiáng)調(diào)信息的重要性;或提高音量,改變音調(diào),以便符合演講背后的情感要求 e 比如當(dāng)您用一種明確的平聲調(diào),滿懷信心地提出某種要求時(shí),而他人根本沒(méi)有理睬您的要求,這時(shí)您有以下兩種選擇:放棄爭(zhēng)論,聽(tīng)之任之;再次提出這一要求,這次需要加強(qiáng)一定的分量。 一提起英國(guó)教育呈現(xiàn)在人們面前的往往是一幅“公學(xué)”的畫(huà)面,特別是一些著名的教育機(jī)構(gòu) 伊頓、牛津、劍橋等;但是人們往往不了解這些機(jī)構(gòu) 在英國(guó)整個(gè)教育體系中所占的位置。實(shí)際上,公學(xué)僅僅是英國(guó)整個(gè)中學(xué)教育體系中的一小部分;在英國(guó)僅有1 40 的男孩能進(jìn)入公學(xué)讀書(shū),而 1 500 個(gè)中只有 1 個(gè)能上伊頓公學(xué)。伊頓是所公學(xué),也是最著名的公學(xué) , 盡管名字叫公學(xué),其實(shí)并不是真正意義上的公立學(xué)校,而是所獨(dú)立的私立中學(xué)。它只招收 13-18 歲的男孩。實(shí)際上,公學(xué)僅僅是英國(guó)整個(gè)中學(xué)教育體系中的一小部分;在英國(guó)僅有 1 40 的男孩能進(jìn)入公學(xué)讀書(shū),而 1 500 個(gè)中只有 1 個(gè)能上伊頓公學(xué)。 完型 109 There are many ways of attaining education at all levels Many high schools, colieges, community or district adult schools as well as business and industrial institutions offer noncredit(無(wú)學(xué)分的 )daytime or evening classes in dozens of fields and skills It is reported that about 1 3 million Americans participate in different forms of adult education through schools, job training, or correspondence courses.About one in four American adults participate in an organized learning group each vear。 In recent years, there has been a trend to bring in older students for post secondary education degree As has been mentioned, the communitv college has made it possible for all sections of the population to have higher education Other colleges and universities, both public and private also offer what is now called“ continuing education” programs or“ lifelong education” programs of associate degrees?graduate studies or professional development Under such a system, a worker may contmue his study even on a part time basis, and a retired person may return college at an advanced age 有許多接受不同層次教育的方式。許多高中、大學(xué)、社區(qū)或區(qū)域成人學(xué)校以及工商業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)都提供許多領(lǐng)域和技能的無(wú)學(xué)分日班或夜班。據(jù)報(bào)道,美國(guó)大約有 1300萬(wàn)人通過(guò)學(xué)校、職業(yè)培訓(xùn)或函授課程來(lái)參與不同形式的成人教育。大約四分之一的美國(guó)成人每年都要參加有組織的學(xué)習(xí)團(tuán)體。近幾年來(lái),有一種趨勢(shì)是讓年齡大一點(diǎn)的學(xué)生獲得中等教育學(xué)位。正如前面所提到的,社區(qū)大學(xué)可以使任何年齡段的人擁有接受高等教育的機(jī)會(huì)。其他學(xué)院和大學(xué),包括公立和私立的,都提供“繼續(xù)教育”或“終身教育”,用來(lái)獲得副學(xué)位、畢業(yè)教育或職業(yè)進(jìn)修。在這樣的 教育體系下,工人可以進(jìn)行業(yè)余教育,上了年紀(jì)的退休的人也可以進(jìn)入大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。 7 我的老師 -安 . 曼斯菲爾德 ?薩莉文小姐來(lái)到我家的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子每當(dāng)我回想起正是那一天連接了我生活的兩個(gè)完全不同的階段時(shí),心中就感慨萬(wàn)端那是 1887 年 3 月 5 日,再過(guò)三個(gè)月,我就滿七周歲了在那個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的下午,我從媽媽的活動(dòng)和家里人們的忙亂中猜到要有什么不平常的事情發(fā)生。我走到門(mén)口,在臺(tái)階上等著。 老師給我拿來(lái)帽子,我知道要出去沐浴和煦的陽(yáng)光了我們順著小路向井房走去有人正在打水,老師把我的手放到出水口上當(dāng)清涼的水流過(guò)我的 一只手時(shí),她在另一只手上寫(xiě)出了 水 這個(gè)單詞,先是慢慢的,然后逐漸加快我一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站著,全神貫注地感覺(jué)她手指的動(dòng)作突然,我好像記起了某些我已經(jīng)忘掉的東西,覺(jué)得一種過(guò)去的印象又回到了頭腦中。從此,語(yǔ)言對(duì)我不再神秘我明白了 水 就是那股清涼的、奇妙的、從我手上流過(guò)的東西這個(gè)活生生的詞喚醒了我的靈魂,打開(kāi)了我智慧的窗戶我離開(kāi)井房,急切地想學(xué)更多的東西,任何事物都有自己的名稱,每個(gè)名稱都給我?guī)?lái)了一個(gè)新的概念回家的路上,我觸摸到的一切都充滿了生命的活力這是因?yàn)槲乙砸环N陌生的新眼光來(lái)看待一切走進(jìn)家門(mén),我想起了摔碎的洋 娃娃摸索著向那堆碎片走去,想把它們弄在一起,沒(méi)有成功這時(shí),我眼里侵滿了淚水,因?yàn)槲乙庾R(shí)到我做錯(cuò)了事情,而且,第一次覺(jué)得后悔。 富蘭克林擅長(zhǎng)實(shí)踐,一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題就立即著手解決費(fèi)城的房子都是木制的結(jié)構(gòu),很容易著火。一發(fā)生火災(zāi),即使鄰里之間都來(lái)幫忙救火,也作用不大因此,富蘭克林就組建了一個(gè)消防公司這大大降低了費(fèi)城的火災(zāi)損失,這使美國(guó)第一家火災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)公司得以很快成立了富蘭克林擔(dān)任了其中一個(gè)部門(mén)的經(jīng)理他還說(shuō)服市政府為城市鋪設(shè)道路并安裝路燈此外,富蘭克林活躍的思想甚至使他還考慮如何解決人們冬天房間取暖困難這一問(wèn)題他判斷出問(wèn) 題出在大壁爐這兒因?yàn)楸跔t深深地砌在墻里,熱量不能充分散發(fā)到房間里于是他就畫(huà)了一張?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)圖,并雇鐵匠按圖紙鑄造了一個(gè)大肚子的爐子 -被稱為富蘭克林爐子把爐子放到房間中央,這樣熱量就能向各個(gè)方向散發(fā)了。 一個(gè)人想讀書(shū),必須有求知欲少數(shù)兒童不論他們國(guó)家的教育制度如何,始終能夠保持這種求知欲和思想上獨(dú)立性,但多數(shù)兒童卻做不到這一點(diǎn) , 這要么是由于教育制度過(guò)于嚴(yán)格,把死記硬背看作天下第一號(hào)大事;要么是由于教育制度松散、使人怠惰,在“自由表達(dá)”的神圣旗幟下,甚至連讀書(shū)寫(xiě)字這樣的基本要求也被忽視??胺Q奇跡的是,至少有少數(shù)兒 童竟然沒(méi)有被這種學(xué)校教育所糟蹋,而是脫穎而出,成為善于思考、思路開(kāi)闊、博學(xué)多聞的人因此,不利于培養(yǎng)閱讀習(xí)慣的環(huán)境是各種各樣的我們對(duì)此還可加一條,那就是遍及全世界的暴力行為和無(wú)政府狀態(tài) 我們現(xiàn)在就生活在其中的新黑暗時(shí)代。我們很多人再也沒(méi)有靜下來(lái)讀上一小時(shí)書(shū)必需的那種心情了 But it is precisely(adv.精確地 ) 然而正是由于當(dāng)前存在的各種問(wèn)題,我們更應(yīng)該讀書(shū)。 s ?否則,我們?cè)跄芾斫馐裁词浅鸷?、什么是殘酷、什么是?qiáng)權(quán)政治呢 ?我們?cè)跄茉趥€(gè)人自由和權(quán)威這類嚴(yán)肅的問(wèn)題上表明我們的立場(chǎng)呢 ?我們?cè)跄?理解而且可能解決我們所面臨的迫在眉睫的許多問(wèn)題呢 ? 最初的印刷工人所使用的工具很簡(jiǎn)單,搬動(dòng)起來(lái)也很容易 15 世紀(jì)末,歐洲印刷工人有一千多人由于很多人不懂希臘文和拉丁文,不久印刷書(shū)籍就包括了各種語(yǔ)言印書(shū)者開(kāi)始把書(shū)印得小些,以便攜帶起來(lái)更容易此外,而且他們開(kāi)始把書(shū)印得更精致了,在每一章之前增添插圖和裝飾性字母印刷字母逐漸做得更小、更細(xì)、更精致印刷字母開(kāi)始看起來(lái)和手寫(xiě)字母不同了。字母的形式終于大 8 為簡(jiǎn)化,完全適合鉛字的要求書(shū)籍的插圖有時(shí)是木刻的在雕刻標(biāo)志木頭時(shí),圖畫(huà)的白色部分是凹陷的在木頭的凸出表面涂上墨水,并印在紙 上,圖畫(huà)的黑色部分就復(fù)印出來(lái)當(dāng)然,起初的試作是相當(dāng)粗糙的,但漸漸地木刻印刷工人刻的插圖,就變得既細(xì)膩又有藝術(shù)性了意大利的佛羅倫斯,德國(guó)的里昂,都以出版插圖書(shū)籍而馳名。 董醫(yī)生的美國(guó)之行僅僅 3 周的時(shí)間,但未等 5 天的醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)議結(jié)束,他已經(jīng)開(kāi)始感到比較自信了。當(dāng)然他感到自己所犯的一些錯(cuò)誤有點(diǎn)兒愚蠢但他很快就學(xué)會(huì)調(diào)侃自己的過(guò)錯(cuò),并發(fā)現(xiàn)他的同事也在向他微笑這些消除了交流的障礙,幫助他建立了一些良好的業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系會(huì)議結(jié)束后,他同我提到的那一家人取得聯(lián)系,并愉快地拜訪了他們?cè)诖诉^(guò)程中他又經(jīng)歷了一些新的文化驚奇,但他發(fā)現(xiàn)他能夠更 好地了解并適應(yīng)他們。 完型: Any living language is in a constant state of change At any particular moment, it is almost hard to notice like most of the changes that affect your own body You dont notice them, but youre lucky if it feels as good and serves you as well as ten years ago In that period of time it has changed It is the same with Language . The most common and the most noticeable 可覺(jué)察的 kind of change is what happens to vocabulary New words appear; old words take on new meanings . 。 Even the native speaker might feel surprised. Mouse began to mean a small, hand-held device which can be used to give instructions to a computer to which it is connected by a short cable(電纜 ) To describe a person as green is a way of saying that he is naive(缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)的 ) or inexperienced Now the word indicates a whole philosophy of life or a political opinion, and we have greenism (綠色主義 )which is supported by greenists In their shopping they will look for products which carry green labeling(綠色標(biāo)志 )which indicates that they have been made in a way which is not harmful to the environment .Such products are eco-friendly(有利于生態(tài)環(huán)境的 )and they are preferred by those who are eco- conscious.That change is gradual(逐漸的) and continuous(連續(xù)的 ) 。任何 一種活生生的語(yǔ)言都是處于不停的變化之中的。該變化是逐漸并且連續(xù)不斷的。就像影響你身體的大部分變化一樣,這種變化在某一特定時(shí)刻是很難察覺(jué) 的。身體的這些變化不容易覺(jué)察,但是如果你的身體如十年前一樣好的話,你是非常幸運(yùn)的。但是在這十年間,你的身體已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化。語(yǔ)言的變化也是這樣的。語(yǔ)言的變化中,最常見(jiàn)、最容易察覺(jué)的是詞匯的變化。新詞出現(xiàn),老詞增加新義即使是母語(yǔ)者對(duì)這些變化也會(huì)感到吃驚的。 Mouse 一詞開(kāi)始表示一種小型的手動(dòng)裝置,這種裝置通過(guò)一根短短的導(dǎo)線連到計(jì)算機(jī)上,可以向計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)指令。可以用來(lái)描述一個(gè)人缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)。目前這個(gè)詞表示一整套生活哲學(xué)和政治觀點(diǎn) , 我們現(xiàn)在有綠色主義這種提法,綠色主義者支持這種提法。購(gòu)物時(shí),他們尋找?guī)в芯G色標(biāo)志的產(chǎn)品。 綠色標(biāo)志代表該產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程對(duì)環(huán)境是無(wú)害的這種商品是無(wú)害于生態(tài)環(huán)境的,有生態(tài)意識(shí)的人偏愛(ài)這種產(chǎn)品。 外語(yǔ)教師對(duì)兒童如何學(xué)說(shuō)母語(yǔ)感興趣,有其很重要的原因。他們?nèi)绻纼和绾螌W(xué)習(xí)母語(yǔ),就可能找到一種簡(jiǎn)便的方法教兒童和成年人學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言。有些外語(yǔ)教師認(rèn)為成年人學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程和兒童學(xué)習(xí)母語(yǔ)的過(guò)程是相同的。這部分外語(yǔ)教師模仿兒 9 童學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的過(guò)程組織教學(xué):課堂上只講外語(yǔ),不與學(xué)生講母語(yǔ)。他們使學(xué)生盡可能多地接觸所學(xué)外語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)形式,不教學(xué)生語(yǔ)言使用的規(guī)則。外語(yǔ)教師采用這種口語(yǔ)教法是因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)父母在教孩子說(shuō)話的時(shí)候也不 教孩子語(yǔ)言使用規(guī)則,而只是告訴孩子怎樣講話是正確的。對(duì)一些學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),這種方法是成功的,他們能夠輕而易舉地、很快地學(xué)會(huì)所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言。他們似乎很喜歡去用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)言,并不很在意是否使用了正確的語(yǔ)言規(guī)則。另外一些學(xué)生則不適合這種方法,語(yǔ)言學(xué)家著手尋找一種適合他們的教學(xué)方法。 第一課: 1、就如澳大利亞在全國(guó)推廣學(xué)亞洲語(yǔ)言一樣,中國(guó)也掀起一股外語(yǔ)熱,在這股熱潮中英語(yǔ)高居榜首。 Like the national push for Asian literacy in Australia, there has been foreign languages fervor in china, with English on top of the list. 2、英語(yǔ)真的有這么難,需要人們投入大量的時(shí)間和精力才能掌握嗎? Is English such a difficult language that it really demands people to invest a large amount of time and energy before it is mastered? 3、從我個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅是指學(xué)習(xí) 英語(yǔ)發(fā)音和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則等。 From my personal experience, I think learning English means far more than learning its pronunciation, grammatical rules, etc. 5、社會(huì)風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣增加了學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的難度。 Social customs and habits contribute to the difficulty in learning a foreign language 10、英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中,東西方 價(jià)值觀念是沖突的 The Western and Oriental values are found to be in confrontation(沖突) in learning English. 11、在涉及表親的時(shí)候,英語(yǔ)母語(yǔ)的人更容易混淆性別。 Native English speakers are more gender(性別) blind (判斷)when they mention their cousins. 12、中國(guó)人在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中,只有克服文化障礙,才能很好地掌握英語(yǔ)。 A Chinese English learner could not have a good command of English unless he overcomes the cultural barriers(障礙物) in learning English. 第二單元 1、這是我來(lái)美國(guó)后第一次回家探親 It was the first time I d gone back home since coming to the United States.。 2、你對(duì)那些只與男人有關(guān)的事情發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。 You speak on matters that are of concern(涉及) only to men. 3、在過(guò)去的六年和美國(guó)人的交往中,我逐漸學(xué)會(huì)了他們的一些做法。 Through my association(交往) with Americans during the past six years, I had gradually (逐漸地) adopted(采用) some of their ways. 4、我不再屬于舊世界,但還未被新世界接納。 I no longer belong to the old world and the new world has not yet accepted me. 10 5、 .我不再將香港視做我的故鄉(xiāng),感到無(wú)家可歸。 I no longer consider Hong Kong my home and feel homeless 6、香港發(fā)生了巨大的變化,有些地方都認(rèn)不出來(lái)了。 Things had changed so much in Hong Kong that I didn t recognize parts of it. 7 我提前三周結(jié)束了這次訪問(wèn),回到美國(guó)。、 I cut my visit short by three weeks and came back to the United States. 8、對(duì)我漸漸地疏遠(yuǎn)起來(lái),不像開(kāi)始時(shí)那麼友好。 They gradually(逐漸地) became less warm and friendly toward me. 他們 9、 .我母親特意為我準(zhǔn)備了一頓飯。 My mother prepared a special dinner in my honor 10、在討論中,他們不會(huì)做一個(gè)沉默的旁觀者。 They don t take a silent(沉默的) back seat during a discussion. 11、Coming back here didn t lessen(減少) my confusion(混亂) and pain.回來(lái)之后我的困惑和苦惱并沒(méi)有減輕。 12、我曾經(jīng)住的那條街上的房子被拆掉了,代之而起的是辦公大樓。 The houses on the street where I used to live had been torn down(拆卸) and replaced by office buildings. 第三課 1、不要在朋友困難的時(shí)候拋棄他。 Never desert(放棄) him when your friend is in the trouble. 2、發(fā)展國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)是政府的一貫政策。 To improve national economy(經(jīng)濟(jì) ) is the government s consistent(一貫地) policy. 3、中國(guó)在這問(wèn)題上標(biāo)明了立場(chǎng)。 China took a stand on these issues. 4、不理睬他們的建議是不對(duì)的。 It is wrong to ignore(不理睬) their suggestions. 5、我總是先開(kāi)始工作,而不愿把事情留到最后才做 I always prefer(更喜歡) starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute.。 6、 .請(qǐng)務(wù)必在我外出的時(shí)候照顧好我的孩子。 Please see (to it) that my children are taken good care of when I am away 7、一個(gè)詞準(zhǔn)確的意思只能在上下 文中來(lái)確定。 The precise(準(zhǔn)確的) meaning of one word can only be defined(定義) from the context(上下文) . 8、警察的教育使這個(gè)罪犯走上了正路。 The instruction(教育) of the policeman set the convict(罪犯) on the right path(小路) . 9、當(dāng)前,有許多人打著科學(xué)的旗號(hào)干一些違法的事情 Nowadays, many people commit(干壞事) illegal(違法的) acts in the name of science.。 10、這種車票(僅在發(fā)售當(dāng)天)有效。 These tickets are available(有用的) on (the) day of issue only. 11、 You dont have any authority(權(quán)力) for entering this house, It s private(私有的) . 你們沒(méi)有任何權(quán)力進(jìn)入這所房子,這 11 是私宅。 12、我希望你對(duì)我的建議作出肯定的表示。 I hope you will give favorable(贊成的) consideration(考慮) to my suggestion. 13、我們很多人再也沒(méi)有靜下來(lái)讀上一小時(shí)書(shū)所必需的那種心情了。 Many of us no longer have the peace of mind necessary to a quiet hour with a book 14、手不釋卷是(活在世上)真正的人。 A person with a book is a real person alive on the earth。 第四課 1、在你怒火爆 發(fā)之前,深吸一口氣,記住:怒氣傷身。 Before you lose your temper(脾氣) , take a deep breath and remember this: Anger hurts. 2、釋放或抑制怒氣,其后果沒(méi)什麼兩樣,兩者對(duì)你的健康造成的影響是一樣的。 It doesn t matter whether you release(釋放) the anger or hold it in. The effects(對(duì)有影響) on your health are the same. 3、一個(gè)粗魯?shù)乃緳C(jī)搶了你的道并揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)而去 -要盡量當(dāng)場(chǎng)就控制住你的怒火。 A rude driver who just cut you off has left the scene-work to put your anger on hold right then and there. 5、許多發(fā)火的人都不承認(rèn)他們?cè)谏鷼狻?Many people who are angry don t recognize(承認(rèn)) themselves as angry. 6、樂(lè)觀的消息是,怒氣是有辦法來(lái)控制的。 The good news is that it is possible to control your anger. 7、你越能接受他們,也就越不會(huì)動(dòng)不動(dòng)發(fā)脾氣 The better able you are to accept them, the less angry you ll be. 8、你知道食品雜貨店到周末往往擠滿了人,那就索性平時(shí)下班后去購(gòu)物。 As you know that the grocery(食品雜貨店) store is crowded on weekends, you can shop after work. 9、你可以問(wèn)自己如下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題來(lái)判斷發(fā)怒的程度。 You can ask yourself the following questions to measure(測(cè)量) your anger quotient(份額) . 10、有個(gè)推著滿滿一車貨的顧客正好插在你前頭。 A customer wheeling a full cart cuts ahead of you. 11、當(dāng)你覺(jué)得怒火中燒快要爆發(fā)了,采取“改變它”或是“接受它”的策略。 When you feel anger welling up, take a change-it or accept-it approach(方法) . 12、如果你對(duì)一次已經(jīng)過(guò)去很久的小挫折依然耿耿于懷,是時(shí)候釋?xiě)蚜恕?If you still remember a minor infraction(侵害) long after it happened, it s time to let go. 第五課 2、我的老師安。曼斯費(fèi)爾德。薩莉文小姐來(lái)到我家的那一天,是我一生中最重要的日子。 The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. 12 4、我感到有人朝我走來(lái),以為是媽媽,就伸出了手。 I felt approaching(接近) footsteps. I thought it was my mother and stretched out my hand. 5、有個(gè)人握住它,把我拉了過(guò)去,緊緊地抱在懷里。這個(gè)抱我的人,就是那個(gè)將為我揭開(kāi)生活的帷幕,而且也將把她滿腔的愛(ài)傾注給我的的人。 Someone took it, and then I was caught up(吸?。?and held close (包圍) in the arms of the person who had come to reveal(揭示) all things to me, and, more important than that, to love me. 9、在這個(gè)黑暗、寂靜的世界中,我對(duì)任何東西都沒(méi)有太深的感情。 In the dark, still(寂靜) world, I had no strong sentiment (感情) for anything. 11、我一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站著,全神貫注地感覺(jué)她手指的動(dòng)作。 I stood still; my whole attention was fixed upon the movements(動(dòng)作) of her finger. 12、回家的路上,我觸摸到的一切都充滿了生命的活力。 On my way home, every object(物體) which I touched seemed to be full of life. 15、有生以來(lái),我第一次向往新的黎明的到來(lái)。 For the first time I longed(渴望) for a new day to come. 第六課 1、除了很少的幾句外,我對(duì)法語(yǔ)一無(wú)所知。 Apart(除之外) from a few words, I do not know any French at all. 3、我們應(yīng)該把注意力集中在提高學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)水平上。 We should concentrate(集中) our attention on improving the students English level. 5、所有的飲料都是免費(fèi) 的。 All the drinks are free of charge. 10、他把他的成功歸于他以前所受的良好教育。 He referred(歸諸于) his success to the good education he had had. 11、在當(dāng)前強(qiáng)烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì),我們應(yīng)該具有全面的能力。 In a highly competitive(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的) society, we should have overall abilities. 12、電影票價(jià)為五美元。 The admission(允許進(jìn)入) to the movie was five dollars. 第七課 1、直到公元四世紀(jì),羅馬的教會(huì)才開(kāi)始慶祝圣誕。 It was not until the 4th century that the church in Rome began to celebrate Christmas.考過(guò)了 2、冬天是個(gè)讓人害怕的時(shí)節(jié),天變短了,變冷了,太陽(yáng)好像有全面消失的危險(xiǎn)。 The approach(接近) of the winter time, as the days grew shorter and colder and the sun seemed to threaten(可能來(lái)臨) to disappear(消失) entirely(完全 13 地) , was a time of fear(害怕、恐怖) . 3、白天最短也意味著冬天即將離去,春天要來(lái)了,溫暖的陽(yáng)光,田野里植物返青也不遠(yuǎn)了。 The shortest day also meant that winter was leaving and that ahead(向前) were spring, the warmth of the sun and return of vegetation(植物生長(zhǎng)) to the fields. 5、他們用一串串的彩燈裝飾圣誕樹(shù)。 They trim(裝飾) their Christmas trees with strings(一串) of colored lights. 6、他們把白紙片撒在樹(shù)上和周圍,用白紙包住圣誕樹(shù)的底部,仿佛樹(shù)上白雪皚皚。 They throw little pieces of white paper over the trees and put white paper or a white sheet(床單) around the feet of the trees, so that they seem to be covered with snow. 7、小伙子們把親吻有意無(wú)意地站在樹(shù)下的漂亮姑娘看作他們的特權(quán)。 The youths regard(把認(rèn)作) it as their privilege(特權(quán)) to kiss any pretty young girl who wittingly(有意地) or unwittingly stands under it. 8、在樹(shù)下親吻這一風(fēng)俗源于十七世紀(jì)的英國(guó)。 Kissing under the tree originated(起源) in Britain in the early 17 th century. 10、小孩在圣誕夜把長(zhǎng)統(tǒng)襪掛在床邊,他們相信睡著的時(shí)候,圣誕老人就會(huì)來(lái)看他們。 Little children hang up their stockings on Christmas Eve near their beds, and they believe that when they are asleep, Santa Claus will come to visit them. 12、許多城鎮(zhèn)都在公園內(nèi)樹(shù)起很大的圣誕樹(shù)。 Many towns have very large Christmas trees set up outdoors in the parks. 14、普通群眾創(chuàng)造了關(guān)于圣誕老人的各種傳說(shuō),以表達(dá)對(duì)孩子深深的愛(ài)意。 The common people have created(創(chuàng)造) legends(傳說(shuō)) of Santa Claus as a symbol(象征) of their deep love for the children. 第八課 1、你務(wù)必于下午兩點(diǎn)半來(lái)參加會(huì)議 Be sure to attend the meeting at half past two in the afternoon. (2006-4考過(guò)了 ) 4、如果你處在他的位置上,你就會(huì)同情他了。 If you put yourself into his shoes, you will be sympathetic( 同情 ) with him. 5、老人已經(jīng)九十歲了,手術(shù)后能活下來(lái)真是幸運(yùn)。 The old man was 90 years old and lucky to come through his operation(手術(shù)) . 6、當(dāng)別人講話時(shí),不要插嘴。 Please don t cut in when someone is speaking. 7、只要你找出你的弱點(diǎn),并加以克服,你一定會(huì)成為一名優(yōu)秀生。 As long as you find out your shortcoming and overcome it, you are sure to become one excellent (極好的) student. 14 8、上課集中注意力聽(tīng) 老師講解意味著課后少花力氣。 Listening to the teacher carefully in class means little work after class. 9、在重要的場(chǎng)合,要穿著得體大方。 When you are in important occasion(場(chǎng)合) , you must wear in good taste(味道) . 11、這些數(shù)學(xué)題我解答不了。 These mathematics questions are over my head. 12、如果你想解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,你最好 先找出基本的矛盾。 If you want to solve the problem, you had better find out the principal contradiction. 第九課 1、這些規(guī)章仍然有效。 These regulations continue in effect(作用) . 2、政府應(yīng)該在洪水過(guò)后為老百姓提供足夠的資金用來(lái)重建。 After the flood(洪水) , the government should put up enough funds for the masses to rebuild their hometown. 3、去年我們獲得了棉花豐收。 Last year we brought in a good cotton harvest. 4、理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐,又轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 5、這次會(huì)談以雙方達(dá)成一致協(xié)議結(jié)束。 The negotiation ended up with signing the agreement. ( 我記單詞悶了就找點(diǎn)樂(lè)子,記得還 很深!會(huì)談 negotiation 這個(gè)單詞的諧音是:“你狗屎一身”,是不是很好記?把它想成你與隨便一個(gè)討厭的人會(huì)談好了;還有 starvation,可以想成星星 (star) 為什么餓死? )不就是“饑餓”了嗎? ) 6、不要在上班時(shí)間來(lái)訪。 Dont call in anybody on work. 7、新來(lái)的秘書(shū)是個(gè)敏捷的、效率高的工作人員,老板對(duì)她很滿意。 The new secretary is a quick, efficient worker, and the boss is quite satisfied with her. 8、你不需要下雨時(shí)外出,因?yàn)樯痰昕梢悦赓M(fèi)送貨上門(mén)。 You don t have to go out into the rain since the store delivers(遞送) free of charge. 9、蒼蠅在窗簾上跳來(lái)跳去,弄上了許多污點(diǎn)。 The flies tapped and blurred(弄臟) at the window curtain(門(mén)簾) . 10、你能從它的上下文說(shuō)出這個(gè)詞的意思嗎? Can you tell the meaning of this word from its context? 11、真正的權(quán)力屬于人民。 The real power resides in the people. 12、科幻小說(shuō)不能簡(jiǎn)單地看成是供消遣的,而實(shí)際上它給讀者展示更深刻的內(nèi)容。 A science(科幻) fiction(小說(shuō)) cannot be regarded as a more entertainment(娛樂(lè)) , but in fact it tells the reader much more. 第十課 2、在中國(guó),幾乎所有年輕的母親都有職業(yè),但隨 著步入中年,人數(shù)越來(lái)越少。 In china, nearly all young mothers are employed 15 outside the home, with their numbers decreasing as they approach(接近) middle age. 3、以后,孩子長(zhǎng)大了。老兩口靠丈夫的收入加上妻子的養(yǎng)老金,生活就不太困難了。 Later on, when the children grow up, the older couple(夫婦) can more easily live on the husband s earnings plus(加上) the wife s pension(養(yǎng)老金) . 6、生活費(fèi)用的增加需要更多的美國(guó)年輕婦女幫助養(yǎng)家。 The rising costs of living require more young American women to help support(支撐、幫助) their families. 7、要是送孩子上幼兒園和自己上下班的汽車壞了怎麼辦? What if the car, necessary to get the child to the daycare center and herself to and from her job, breaks down? 8、在中國(guó),年輕的母親工作,祖母在照看孩子和料理家務(wù)上起了不可估量的作用。 In China, grandmothers play an invaluable role in taking care of children and households while the young parents are at work. 9、奶奶成了家庭中的重要成員,供吃管住是對(duì)他們 的報(bào)答。 Grannies become important members of the family, and they are housed and fed return. 10、在美國(guó),必須這樣做的老年婦女可能有被當(dāng)作傭人使的感覺(jué)。 In America, an older woman who had to fill this role would be likely to feel she was being made a kind of servant. 13、同中國(guó)婦女相比,美國(guó)婦女似乎不愿 向上司大膽表述自己的意見(jiàn)。 Compared with Chinese women, American women seem less inclined(傾向) to speak up easily to the boss. ( 2006-4 考過(guò)了) 第十一課 1、一名有自己風(fēng)格的演員不應(yīng)該效仿別人。 As an actor with one s own unique(獨(dú)特的) style(風(fēng)格) , one should not follow in other s footsteps. 2、沒(méi)有什麼 東西能確保永久的幸福。 Nothing can assure(保證) permanent(永久的) happiness. 3、我父親堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該嫁給一個(gè)有名的藝術(shù)家。 My father insisted that I should marry into a famous artist. 4、據(jù)說(shuō),后

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