《新世紀大學英語綜合教程》 Book 3 重點詞語表 Unit 3,4,6,7,8.doc

新世紀大學英語綜合教程Book 3 重點詞語表Unit 3 Text A What is friendship友誼的真諦approach vt. 接近，靠近；n. (處理問題的)方法，途徑 notion n. 意念，概念philosopher n. 哲學家philosophy n. 哲學philosophical a. 哲學的，有哲理的utility n. 1. 有用，實用，效用 2. 常用復數(shù) 公用事業(yè)（如水電煤氣等）circumstance n. 常用復數(shù)環(huán)境association n. 協(xié)會，社團；聯(lián)想，聯(lián)合advantage n. 優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)點 disadvantage n. 劣勢，缺點attitude n. 態(tài)度 Cf. altitude n. 高度object n. 目的，目標；對象；物品quality n. 質(zhì)量conduct n. 行為 vt. 指揮，實施intimacy n. 親密感statesman n. 政治家orator n. 演說家oral a. 口頭的 Cf. written a. 筆頭的ethics n. 倫理學religion n. 宗教natural law n. 自然法則purity n. 純潔 pure a. 純潔的equity n. 公正，公平；股票；產(chǎn)權(quán)equal n. 同樣的人 a. 平等的liberality n. 開明，慷慨，寬容liberal a. 自由的，開放的liberty n. 自由，解放 The Statue of Liberty 自由女神像greed n. 貪婪 greedy a. 貪婪的lust n. 強烈的欲望violence n. 暴力conviction n. 信念，信仰virtue n. 美德superiority n. 優(yōu)越性，優(yōu)等genius n. 天才rank n. 排名，頭銜component n. 成分 be composed of 由組成commitment n. 對的投入sympathy n. 同情 a. sympathetic a. 有同情心的concern n. 關心，關切well-being n. 生活安寧，幸福Socrates 蘇格拉底 Plato 柏拉圖 Aristotle 亞里士多德Greek 希臘的 Greece 希臘Cicero 西塞羅describe vt. 描述description n. 描述inscribe v. 刻寫transcript n. 文字稿；成績單occur vi. 發(fā)生 current a. 當前的 currency n. 貨幣pursue v. 追求 pursuit n. 追求ground vt. 根據(jù)；以為依據(jù)ground n.常用復數(shù)說話、做事或相信某事的原因或理由 regulate vt. 控制，管理 regulation n. 規(guī)定，規(guī)則desire v. 意欲獲得，期待，希望 n. 欲望，渴望define vt. 給下定義seek v. 追求，尋求possess v. 擁有，占有surpass vt. 超出bind (bound, bound) v. 捆綁，捆扎recognize v. 認識，認可perceive vt. 覺察，意識到，理解 receive vt. 接收到deceive vt. 欺騙appropriate a. 恰當?shù)模线m的，得體的 appropriately adv. 恰當?shù)?classical a. 古典的，傳統(tǒng)的 classic a. 經(jīng)典的，著名的 n. 經(jīng)典作品，杰作ancient a. 古代的distinguish vi. 辨別，分清 distinguished a. 杰出的genuine a. 真正的mutual a. 雙方的，相互的impermanent a. 非永久性的 O permanent a. 永久性的incidental a. 附屬的，伴隨發(fā)生的 incident n. 事件，戰(zhàn)事influential a. 有影響力的 influence n. 影響moral a. 道德的，精神上的altruistic a. 利他的，無私心的frequently adv. 經(jīng)常地 frequency n. 頻率necessarily ad. 必定地，必要地Good Usage 妙語連珠 (Para.1)There is a lack of 缺少firmly agreed and socially acknowledged criteria for 一致贊同并獲社會公認的認定朋友的標準describeas 把稱之為in one setting, . in another 在一種情形下而在另外情形下a very thin understanding of 非常膚淺的理解some classical views of 幾種古典的/傳統(tǒng)的看法(Para. 2)distinguish between 區(qū)別，區(qū)分mutual usefulness 相互有用(Para. 3)based on 以為基礎break up 分手，破裂keep it alive 使其存活are pursuing ones own advantage 追逐個人利益feel no need of 感覺沒有必要take pleasure in each others company 以彼此相伴為樂趣in so far as=to the degree or extent that 到程度have hopes of advantage from 有望相互利用(Para.4)be grounded on pleasure 以享樂為基礎the opportunity of the moment 眼前的機會fall in and out of friendship quickly 友誼迅速開始又匆匆結(jié)束within the same day 在同一天realize the object of. 實現(xiàn)的目標 (Para.5)based on goodness 以美德為基礎for the friends sake 為朋友著想/起見each loves the other for what he is 彼此喜歡對方真實的樣子in the highest form 以為最高形式as the saying goes 常言道go through trials and tribulations together 同甘共苦is worthy of love 值得人愛 (Para.6)defineas 把定義為leave no question as to 在方面挑不出瑕疵have the courage of their convictions 有勇氣堅持自己的信仰possess any superiority 擁有優(yōu)越條件be annoyed at 因為氣惱being surpassed in genius, fortune, or rank 在天賦、財富、地位居于人下（Para.7）share a commitment to 共同投身于are bound together 聯(lián)結(jié)在一起moral excellence 品德高尚altruistic emotions 利他精神，忘我情懷be involved in 涉及到Unit4 Text B What makes Olympic champions 是什么造就了奧運冠軍？spectator n. 觀眾，觀看者consultant n. 顧問individual n. 個人 a. 單獨的，個別的athlete n. 運動員 athletic a. 運動的the press n. 新聞媒體recovery n. 康復，恢復determination n. 決心 determined a. 堅決的，有決心的competition n. 比賽barrier n. 障礙groan vi. 抱怨；呻吟evaporate vi. 化為蒸汽spin (span or spun, spun) vi. 轉(zhuǎn)圈falter vi. 蹣跚地走；支吾地說；動搖announce vt. 宣布mount vt. S climb onto 爬上，登上 mountain n. 山visualize vt. 使形象化arise vi. 升起；出現(xiàn)；起床embody vt. 體現(xiàn)confess vt. 懺悔；承認 confession n. 懺悔feature vt. 以為特色 n. 特色，特征tumble vi. 跌到，暴跌hobble vi. 跛行，一瘸一拐地走limp vi. 跛行，慢慢地騰挪bring out the best/worst in sb 激發(fā)出某人最好的潛質(zhì) bring up 重提舊事cling (clung, clung) to sth/sb 緊緊地抓住lead to sth 導致某種結(jié)果squeeze in sth 把擠進去guess at sth 猜測capitalize on sth 以.為資本；充分利用initial a. 起初的，開始的 v. 發(fā)起consecutive a. 連續(xù)的spirited a. 精神飽滿的poignant a. 痛切的，尖銳的，悲傷的eloquently ad. 雄辯地eventually ad. 最后，最終narrowly ad. 差一點psychologically ad. 心理上地tremendously ad. 極其地agonizingly ad. 痛苦地relentlessly ad. 冷酷無情地racing sled 比賽型雪橇luge 仰臥滑行小雪橇figure skating 花樣滑冰rink 滑冰場sprinter 短跑運動員100-meter dash 100米短跑100-meter hurdles 100米跨欄比賽400-meter semifinal 400米半決賽800 freestyle 800米自由泳Good Usage 妙語連珠(Para.1)fall to the ice 跌到冰面上chances evaporate 希望化為了泡影rise to ones feet 站起身flash a dazzling smile 燦然一笑spirited recovery 重振旗鼓a tribute to 對的褒獎、敬意(Para.2)reach deep into themselves 深入到靈魂深處find something that bring out their best 找到一種能激發(fā)他們最好潛質(zhì)的力量mount the winners stand 登上領獎臺athletic talent 運動天賦firm inner fiber 不屈不撓的意志(Para.3, 4, 5)take shape 逐漸成型cling to it courageously 勇敢地緊緊抓住它work to make it come true 辛勤勞動把夢想變成現(xiàn)實Believe in your child! 相信你自己的孩子(Para.6, 7, 8)They are fired up. 他們激情澎湃burn inside them 在某人內(nèi)心深處燃燒They are driven not only to be their best but to do their bestalways. 他們不僅要做最好的自己，而且總是竭盡全力compete against youngsters half his age 和比自己年齡小一半的人比賽win gold medals in four consecutive Olympics 連續(xù)四屆獲得奧運金牌narrowly missed a gold medal 因毫厘之差與金牌失之交臂(Para.9, 10)They aim high. 他們志存高遠Ill come in fifth. 我會得第五名Thats exactly where he finished. 那就是他最后的名次He could easily have placed third, or even second. 他本來可以輕而易舉獲得第三甚至第二名perform poorly 發(fā)揮得不好contrast him with 拿他和比較cross the finish line 沖過終點線call her winning time to the split second 做出毫秒不差的預測(Para.11, 12)They never quit. 他們從不放棄the clear leader 毋庸置疑的領軍人物trip over the last barrier 被最后一個欄絆倒pull herself to her knees 跪在地上finish the fifthbut finishing 完成比賽，獲得了第五名have one leg injured 傷到了一條腿struggle to his feet 掙扎著站起來help him off the track 扶著他離開跑道lean on 倚靠著limp to the finish line 一拐一拐地跳到終點線deafening applause 震耳欲聾的掌聲(Para.13, 14, 15)They make their own luck. 他們創(chuàng)造自己的運氣win a silver medal in 贏得了銀牌I was the last person expected to make the winners podium.我是最不可能走上冠軍領獎臺的人I had trained like crazy. 我拼了命地訓練When the favorites faltered, I was ready. 當冠軍寵兒失利時，我已經(jīng)做好了準備month after month, year after year 日復一日，年復一年go through a grind 埋頭苦干pointing toward their big moment 為他們的輝煌時刻努力work out relentlessly 堅持不懈地訓練as in other aspects of life 就像在生活的其它方面luck certainly counts 運氣當然很重要fill in for 填補位置in an emergency 在緊急情況下Luck strikes those prepared to capitalize on it. 機會只給做好準備的人 Unit 6 Material things and happiness 物質(zhì)財富與幸福生活strive to do sth v. 努力做某事uncommon adj. 不常見的constantly adv. 經(jīng)常地video n. 視頻visual adj. 視覺的audio adj. 聽覺的outgrown adj. （衣服因人）長大不再適用worthless adj. 無價值的eventually adv. 最終temporary adj. 暫時的，短暫的sustain vt. 支撐，支持 sustainable adj. 可持續(xù)的 imply vt. 隱含extravagant adj. 奢侈的acquire vt. 獲取，獲得，學會other than 除了，除開scale n. 秤，比例尺，衡量標準cultivate vt. 耕作，栽培，培育spouse n. 配偶excel vi. 擅長，勝出character n. 性格；（人的）品質(zhì)work out 進行體育鍛煉devoteto 獻身于tax sb on sth vt. 收稅 diminish vt. 減少presumably adv. 據(jù)推測；大概alternative adj. 其它可選的alter v. 修改alternate between A and B v. 在A和B之間輪換financial adj. 經(jīng)濟上的，財經(jīng)的finance n. 金融，財政，財金conscience n. 良心contentment n. （心理上的）滿足simple-minded adj. 頭腦簡單的consciously adv. 有意識地 unconsciously adv. 無意識地incredibly adv. 令人難以置信地survive v. 幸存，幸免于難Good Usage 妙語連珠(Paras.1-2)a hard fact It is not uncommon to get into a mode If only xxx, xxx would xxx.(Paras.3-6)to sustain the temporary and short-term high of gettng into something newtrain of thinking There is a difference betweenNo matter how much money you make, you always want more. This pattern is true whether As you earn more money you acquire more expensive tastes.You might as well learn to be happy on $25,000 a year. You can find something other than material happiness to make you happy. (Paras.7-8)There is more than one way to measure “wealth”.There are many other scales.You can be rich in ways that have nothing to do with money. a joy to be aroundbeyond the wildest dreams excel in Excellence has its own rewards. take pains to v.One funny thing aboutisYou are taxed on the money you earn.Knowledge is the one thing you might take with you to Heaven.(Paras.9-10)The point is thatThe act of purchasing by itself may not be what will bring you maximum happiness. a loving spousewell-raised childrena home built on lovea clear conscience a worthy goala job you truly enjoy See what you find.Money itself will not bring lasting happiness to most people.Man does not live by bread alone. Unit 7 Another school year: why? Unit 8 Cultural shock 文化沖擊occupational adj. 職業(yè)的 occupation n. 職業(yè) occupy vt. 占領transplant vt. 常與from 或 to 連用 遷移，使移居transmit v.t. 常與to連用 傳播，傳染 transmission n. 傳動裝置， 變速器；傳遞；傳送aliment n. 疾病 （尤指小?。﹕ymptom n. 常與of連用 癥狀precipitate vt. 加速， 加快促成anxiety n. 焦慮， 擔心 anxious adj. 焦慮的symbol n. 符號，象征，標志 symbolic adj. 符號性的，象征性的intercourse n. 交往，溝通；（感情等）交流efficiency n. 效率，效能，功能 efficient adj. 有效率的，有能力的tendency n. 常與to 或towards 連用 自然傾向broad-minded adj. 心胸開闊的，氣量大的，能容納不同意見的prop n. 支柱reject v.t. 拒絕（接受）regression n. 回歸，退化regressive adj. 回歸的，退化的regress v. 回歸，退化tremendous adj. (體積，數(shù)量或程度上) 極大地，巨大的irrationally adv. 無理性地，不合理地 irrational adj. 不理智的 irrationality n. 不合理glorify vt. 常與with 使用 美化；使顯得更重要 glorification n. 贊揚dictate vt. 常與to 連用 命令，（權(quán)威性地）要求chopstick n. 筷子 （經(jīng)常用于復數(shù)）adolescent n. 青少年；adj. 青春期的，未成熟的ethnocentrism n. 種族（或民族）優(yōu)越感peculiarity n. 特點，特色，特性anti-social adj. 反社會的censure vt. 指責，譴責，非難censurable adj. 可譴責的，可非難的national n. 某國國民，僑民hostility n. 常與to連用 敵意， 敵對狀態(tài)hostile adj. 懷有敵意的，敵對的；n. 敵對frustration n. 挫折, 容忍力， 忍耐力 frustrate vt. 令人沮喪habitually adv. 習慣