八下7-10單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié).doc

Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?1. turn down/turn up關(guān)小聲/調(diào)大聲音（電器）2. turn on/ turn off 打開/關(guān)閉（電器）3. move the bike移動(dòng)自行車4. in a minute/right away/in no time立刻,馬上 5. be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上學(xué)/上課遲到6. wait in line=stand in line排隊(duì)等候7. cut in line=jump a queue插隊(duì) 8. get mad/annoyed變得生氣 9. happen to sb 發(fā)生在身上 10. half an hour半小時(shí)11. at first=first of all首先12. at last=in the end=finally 最后13. allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允許某人做/不做某事14. be allowed to do /not to do sth.某人不被允許某人做/不做某事15. in public 當(dāng)眾地；公開地；公然地16. in public places在公共場(chǎng)所 17. break the rule 不遵守規(guī)則 18. pick up撿起 19. put out熄滅 20. drop litter 扔垃圾 21. keep the voice down控制聲音22. do the dishes23. put on another pair of jeans24. be at a meeting25. help me in the kitchen26. make some posters27. clothing store28. followaround29. want to be polite30. stand in the subway door31. cut in line32. stand close to .33. have different ideas about34. feel uncomfortable35. in all situations36. in public places本單元目標(biāo)句型： 1. Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打掃院子嗎?2. Not at all. Ill do it right away. 一點(diǎn)也不. 我馬上就掃.3. Would you mind not playing baseball here.你介意不要在這打棒球嗎?4. Would you mind giving me a smaller one?5. Sorry, well go and play in the park.對(duì)不起，我們到公園去打.6. Could you (please) make dinner? 請(qǐng)做晚飯好嗎?7. Thats no problem沒問題.8. Could you (please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not feed the dog?=Please dont feed the dog, will you?請(qǐng)不要喂狗好嗎?9. If you finish these tasks, we can go to a movie tonight. 10. Your barber gave you a terrible haircut.11. The store clerk gave you the wrong size.12. The waitress brought you the wrong food.13. The pen you bought didnt work.14. You ordered a hamburger with French fries but only got a hamburger.15. We asked some people what annoyed them. Heres what they said.16. I dont like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation.17. This happens to me all the time in the school library.18. Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.19. The way people behave is different in different cultures and situations.20. Sometimes, rules of etiquette are the same almost everywhere.21. We might want to ask someone to behave more politely if we see them breaking a rule of etiquette.22. Etiquette means normal and polite social behavior.23. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.24. In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible.25. People dont usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this. 26. 看到有人抽煙你可以說：Could you please put out that cigarette?27. 看到有人亂丟垃圾你可以說：Would you mind picking it up?28. 看到有人插對(duì)，你可以說：Sorry, would you mind joining the line?常見動(dòng)名詞、分詞的習(xí)慣用法總結(jié)使用-ing分詞的幾種情況1.在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。如：1）.He is watching TV in the room. 2）.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介詞后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么樣?I am interested in playing football.5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中,常接動(dòng)詞的ing形式：1）enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事；2）finish doing sth 完成做某事；3）feel like doing sth 想要做某事；4）stop doing sth 停止做某事（原來的事）5）forget doing sth 忘記做過某事；6）go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事（原來的事）；7）remember doing sth 記得做過某事；8）like doing sth 喜歡做某事；9）find /see/hear/watch sb doing 發(fā)現(xiàn)/看到/聽到/觀看某人做 10）try doing sth 試圖做某事；11）need doing sth 需要做某事；12）prefer doing sth 寧愿做某事；13）mind doing sth 介意做某事；14）miss doing sth 錯(cuò)過做某事；15）practice doing sth 練習(xí)做某事；16）be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；17）cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事；18）waste time/money doing浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢做19）keep sb.doing讓始終/一直做20） stop sb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事21）prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜歡做A更喜歡做B22） “do some +doing”短語如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking23）“go doing” 短語去做某事（主要指文娛活動(dòng)等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打獵)注意動(dòng)詞的過去分詞的常見搭配: I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lostKeepclosed/ a boy called/named TomUnit 8 Why dont you get her a scarf?1. fall asleep 入睡 2. give away贈(zèng)送；分發(fā) 3. rather than 寧愿而不是，勝于4. would dorather than do 寧愿不愿做5. hear of 聽說6. make friends with和交友7. photo album 相冊(cè)8. too personal 太私人化9. not interestingspecial creative enough不夠有趣10. make a special meal 做一頓特別的飯11. an 8-year-old child 一個(gè)六歲的孩子12. these days 最近13. notat all 根本不14. different kinds of 不同種類15. make her happy 使她高興16. someone else 別人（else總是后置）17. improve English提高英語18. in different ways 以不同的方式19. encourage sb to do 鼓勵(lì)某人做20. make(great) progress 取得進(jìn)步21. take an interest in/be interested in 對(duì)感興趣22. on my twelfthtwentieth birthday23. a goldfishtwo goldfish24. a pig namedcalled Connie25. from across China26. enter a test by singing popular English songs27. come from all age groups28. the winner of the womens competition29. win the prize30. try to speak English more31. a spokesperson from the Olympic Committee32. hear of33. many other fun ways to learn English34. make friends with a native speaker of English35. find a good way to learn to learn English.本單元目標(biāo)句型： 1. What should I get my mom for her birthday? 我應(yīng)該為我的媽媽買什么?2. Why dont you/Why not buy /What about buying/How about buying a scarf? 為什么不買條圍巾呢?3. Whats the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好禮物是什么?4. What a lucky guy! 多幸運(yùn)的家伙!5. I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child.6. Really? I dont agree. Dogs are too difficult to take care of.7. What are advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?8. The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.9. Pot-bellied pigs make the best pets.10. However, life with a pig isnt always perfect.11. Now she is too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house.12. The movie was boring. I fell asleep half way through it.13. A leaf from a tree is enough to make her very happy.13. Gift giving is different in different countries.14. The same gift may be given away to someone else.15. In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather thanbuy them gifts.16. In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. People dont need to spend too much money. Instead, making a meal is enough. 17. China will be the host for the 2008 Olympics and so many Chinese people try to improve their English in different ways.China will hold the.18. Nearly all the singers sang very clearly, and looked comfortable on stage.19. Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.20. She said that singing English songs made her more interested in learning English.21. He agrees that it is a good idea to have fun with English.22. It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English.常見動(dòng)詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié).固定用法(非謂語動(dòng)詞)：以下是帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式常見搭配希望做某事hope to do sth.決定做某事decide to do sth.同意做某事agree to do sth.需要某人做某事need to do sth.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth迫不及待做某事cant wait to do準(zhǔn)備做某事get/be ready to do盡力/努力做某事try to do sth計(jì)劃做某事plan to do sth.不得不have to do 輪流做某事take ones turns to do sth.拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.幫助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.doencourage sb to do鼓勵(lì)某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.Its time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時(shí)候了例句:Its time for me to go home.Its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對(duì)于某人來說做某事是（當(dāng)adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時(shí)用of）例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時(shí)間 例句:1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太.而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感到做某事是例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. 序數(shù)詞+to do 第.個(gè)做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?我不知/忘記了怎么辦。I didnt know/forgot what to do. 離開房間時(shí)不要忘記/記住關(guān)燈 例句:Dont forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room be+adj+to do sth例句:I am very sorry to hear that.I am ready to help others.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.順口溜：本領(lǐng)最多不定式，主表定補(bǔ)賓和狀；樣樣成分都能干，只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心，有時(shí)它把句型改；作主語時(shí)用it，自己在后把身藏；七個(gè)感官三使役，賓補(bǔ)要把to甩開；疑問詞后接上它，賓語從句可充當(dāng)；邏輯主語不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各種用法區(qū)別開。以下是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)的常見用法 let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事see do sth do sth看見某人做某事 why not 或why dont you +動(dòng)詞原形？為什么不.?（表示建議）例:Why not/Why dont you take a walk? 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may /must /should+ 動(dòng)詞原形（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞原形） 助動(dòng)詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問句或者構(gòu)成否定句即dont /doesnt /didnt /will not /would not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事）Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?1. take a ride 兜風(fēng)2. take the subway3. have been to, have gone to4. on the one hand, on the other hand5. a good place to practice your English6. outside of China7. end up 結(jié)束8. take a holiday/vacation度假9. all year round 全年10. such as 例如11. a zoo called/named 一個(gè)叫做的動(dòng)物園12. during the daytime 在白天13. wake up 醒來14. wake somebody up 喚醒/叫醒某人15. have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高興16. a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit一個(gè)度假/游覽的好地方17. an English-speaking country一個(gè)講英語的國家18. be asleep=fall asleep 睡著19. go on a DISNEY cruise20. travel to another province of China21. the reasons for learning English22. an exchange student23. improve my listening skills24. one.,the other.25. Three quarters of the population are Chinese.四分之三的人口是中國人（謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）26. Whats the population of China? 中國的人口是多少？（不用how much提問） 27. the population of China is 1.3 billion中國的人口是13億。（謂動(dòng)詞用單形式）本單元目標(biāo)句型：1. Me neither.1. Its fun to learn another language.2. Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.3. It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme.4. the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.5. You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.6. These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.7. There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.8. The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.9. It is just so much fun in Disneyland.10. Heres what two of our students said about our school.11. When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .12. I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.13. It was because I could speak English that I got the job.14. Its all I have ever wanted to be.15. However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking lessons at the school.16. Maybe when I leave school Ill think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide.17. What other job is he thinking of doing?18. You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.19. For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.20. Maybe you fear that you wont be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.21. However, if you re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.22. If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, theyll probably a asleep.23. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you likespring, summer, or winter.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)句型舉例：1. Have you ever been to an amusement park?你曾經(jīng)去過游樂園嗎?Yes, I have./ No, I havent. 2. I have never been there. Me neither=Neither have I. 我也沒有.3. Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.4. How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）5. Ive never been to an aquarium. 我從沒去過水族館.6. I have been a student here for a year.我成為這的學(xué)生有一年了. （不能用become） =I became a student here a year ago.7. He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.8. I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）9. I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man before?本單元語法講解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：already （“已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）； yet （“仍然”“還”，用于疑問句或否定句的句尾） just（“剛剛”，放在have /has之后）； before（“以前”，放在句尾）；ever（“曾經(jīng)”，放在have /has之后） never （“從沒有”，在have /has之后）例句：1.Our teacher has just left. 2.We have studied English already.3.I have not finished the homework yet.4.He has never been to Beijing before.2. 某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去已經(jīng)開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能持續(xù)到將來.動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性要通過一段時(shí)間來表示一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法有兩種:for: +一段時(shí)間 for a year for two weeks for three yearsSince +過去的某一時(shí)刻, since nine since last week Since +一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句 since you came ; since you got home.注意：結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用,但是它們可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.1. 直接用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 buy have；catch(get) a cold have a cold；borrowkeep；becomebe；put on- wear2. 轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞 join the army be a soldier；join the Party be a Party member；go to school be a student 3. 轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞 diebe dead；finish be over；beginbe on；leavebe away ； fall sleep be asleep close be closed come to/ go to/arrive at(in)+某地be in(at) +某地4. 轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語go to school be in school ； get up_ be up；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)常見標(biāo)志詞1. already（已經(jīng)）, just（剛剛）, never（從未/從沒有）, ever（曾經(jīng)）, yet（仍然/還）, before（以前（句尾時(shí)） 2. since+點(diǎn)時(shí)刻或從句; for+段時(shí)間; how long（疑問句中用來提問since/for短語的）3. so far；till now；by now（到目前為止；迄今）4. recently近來in the past/last+段時(shí)間 在過去的幾年中5. once(一次)，twice,three(four) times6. It is the+最高級(jí)+n.+ (that) sb.have ever done 例：Whats the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好禮物是什么?Unit 10 Its a nice day, isnt it?1. feel like doing=want to do sth.想做某事2. like to do sth./like doing sth. 喜歡做某事3. would like to do=want to do想要做某事4. like sb. to do想要某人做某事5. feel like sth. 覺得像.6. have a hard/difficult time doing sth 費(fèi)了很大勁做某事7. have problem doing sth做某事有困難8. have fun doing sth樂于做某事9. need to do sth.需要做某事（主語是人，強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)）10. need doing=need to be done 需要被（主語是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)） 例如：I need to do my homework The bike needs mending/reparing11. a thank-you note for.感謝信12. look through 瀏覽13. get along/ on well with相處得好14. at least 至少15. at most 最多 16. be careful =look out 當(dāng)心,小心17. be careful to do/not to do sth. 小心做/不做某事18. cross a street =go across a street 過街（穿過表面） 19. go through 穿過（空間/房間/森林等）20. go past經(jīng)過/路過21. come along 跟著來22. say in a low/loud voice小聲地/大聲地說23. something cost+錢= something is worth+錢 某物值多少錢24. a high/low temperature高/低溫25. the price is high/low價(jià)格高/低