最新PMP考試真題概要及答案分析.pdf

PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 最新 PMP考試真題概要及答案分析 該文檔包含最新歷屆 PMP 考試真題題目 答案以及試題分析 文檔包含 對主要知識點的鏈接 請學員下載后閱讀 并允許 PDF 鏈接 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 第一 部分 習題 答案在本章結(jié)尾 1 Another name for strategic planning is A short term B operational C tactical D top down 戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃又稱為 A 短期的 B 可運行的 C 戰(zhàn)術的 D 自上而下的 2 The type of planning that is equated with more specific data or detailed in nature is called A strategic B operational C short term D tactical 本質(zhì)上體現(xiàn)為具有更多確定信息或細節(jié)的計劃類型稱為 A 戰(zhàn)略計劃 B 運行計劃 C 短期計劃 D 戰(zhàn)術計劃 3 All the following are characteristics of a project EXCEPT A temporary B definite beginning and end C interrelated activities D repeats itself every month 下列各項都是項目的特征 除了 A 臨時性 B 有確定的開始和結(jié)束 C 由相互關聯(lián)的活動組成 D 自身每個月重復 4 Project management is A not needed if all functional managers would carry out their assigned responsibilities B needed because the functional organization and its methods of planning PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 and control annot otherwise assure that complex projects will be completed on time and within budget C not needed unless the project is in serious trouble D needed only on projects which have high visibility 項目管理是 A 不需要的 如果所有的職能經(jīng)理都能負起相應的責任 B 需要的 因為職能組織及其計劃和控制方法不能保證復雜的項目按時 且在預算內(nèi)完成 C 不需要的 除非項目陷入了極大的困難 D 需要的 僅當項目具有高度的可見性 5 A project manager is managing his second project It started one month after the first and both are ongoing Though his first project is small this one seems to bc growing in size every day As each day passes the project manager is beginning to feel more and more in need of help The project manager has recently heard that there was another project in the company last year that is similar to his second project What should he do A Contact the other project manager and ask for assistance B Obtain historical records and guidance from the PMO C Wait to see if the project is impacted by the growth in scope D Make sure the scope for the project is agreed to by all the stakeholders 一個項目經(jīng)理正在管理他的第二個項目 第二個項目比第一個項目晚開始 一個月 兩個項目現(xiàn)在都還在實施中 雖然他的第一個項目不大 但第二 個項目似乎攤子在越鋪越大 隨著日子一天天流逝 這個項目經(jīng)理越來越 覺得自己需要尋求助 最近 他聽說公司去年有一個和他第二個項目類似 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 的項目 他現(xiàn)在應該如何做 A 聯(lián)系其他項目經(jīng)理 尋求幫助 B 從項目管理辦公室獲取歷史記錄和指導 C 等等看攤子越鋪越大是否對項目造成影響 D 確保項目范圍被所有干系人所認可 6 Your company Nutritional Chickens is embarking on a project to completely eliminate the threat of salmonella in its products You are the project manager for this project and you have just finished the concept phase The deliverable for this phase is the A project plan B statement of work C project charter D resource spreadsheet 你的公司是一個雞肉食品公司 日前正在實施一個項目 目的是完全消除 產(chǎn)品中沙氏菌的威脅 你是該項目的項目經(jīng)理 你已經(jīng)完成了項目的構(gòu)思 階段 構(gòu)思階段的成果是 A 項目計劃 B 工作說明書 C 項目章程 D 資源電子數(shù)據(jù)表 7 What is the document that forms the basis for an agreement between the project team and the project customer by identifying both the project objectives and the major project deliverables A Implementation plan B Configuration management plan C Scope statement D Work authorization plan 當項目團隊和項目客戶在確認項目目的和主要可交付成果的時候 下列哪 個選項是形成這個共識的基礎文檔 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 A 執(zhí)行計劃 B 配置管理計劃 C 范圍說明 D 工作授權計劃 8 All organizations should be supportive of the performing organization s long term goals These types of goals are best described as A operational B tactical C strategic D bottom up 所有的組織應該支持執(zhí)行組織的長期目標 這種類型目標的最佳描述是 A 運行的 B 戰(zhàn)術的 C 戰(zhàn)略的 D 自下而上的 9 Within the five overlapping process groups of initiating planning executing controlling and closing Which processes dominate in all project phases A Initiating and planning B Executing and controlling C Planning and closing D They are all essential in each phase 在五個重疊的過程組 啟動 規(guī)劃 執(zhí)行 監(jiān)控和收尾 中 哪些主導了 所有的項目階段 A 啟動和規(guī)劃 B 執(zhí)行和監(jiān)控 C 規(guī)劃和收尾 D 都重要 10 Why is it more difficult to determine when a change occurs on a project that is using a cost reimbursable contract as compared to a fixed price contract A The detailed scope of work is not fully defined B On cost reimbursable contracts the contractor wants lots of changes C The client usually creates the changes on a fixed price contract PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 D The contractor determines if there are any changes to approve 為什么當出現(xiàn)變更時 使用補償型合同比使用固定總價型合同更難作出相 應的決定 A 工作的具體范圍沒有完全定義 B 使用成本補償合同時 定約人想要更多的改變 C 使用總價合同時 客戶通常提出變更 D 如果有變更需要得到同意 將由定約人來決定 11 When should a change request be documented A The change is introduced into the normal workflow and the documentation is provided after the work is completed B The work authorization is given upon the request of the client and documented at its occurrence C Due to time constraints or the belief that it would be foolish to have to redo any additional work as a result of the change the change is incorporated first and the documentation is prepared after the change is completed D Client and contractor jointly document and approve the change before the work is scheduled 什么時候應該將變更請求存檔 A 當變更引入了正常的工作流程并且工作結(jié)束后存檔 B 當根據(jù)客戶的要求得到了工作授權 在變更發(fā)生時需要存檔 C 由于時間限制或認為由于變更而重做任何附加工作是愚蠢的 變更首 先執(zhí)行然后在完成后準備相應的文檔 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 D 工作規(guī)劃前 客戶和承包商共同存檔并同意變更 12 Changes are difficult and cumbersome to incorporate with the complex systems used by contractors What is the reason for this difficulty A The lack of detail available concerning the tasks to be achieved on a project B It is difficult for the contractor to incorporate changes into a fixed price Contract C The contractor cannot account for re work in their change control process D Complex systems are conductive to the acceptance of changes 變更要融入到承包人使用的復雜系統(tǒng)中是困難和麻煩的 引起困難的原因 是什么 A 缺乏完成項目需要的任務細節(jié) B 對于承包人來說 把變更融入到總價合同中是困難的 C 承包人不能在變更控制過程巾解決返工 D 復雜的系統(tǒng)有利于接受變更 13 Setting strategic project objectives is the responsibility of the A project manager B functional manager C executives or user groups D client 設定項日的戰(zhàn)略目標是 的責任 A 項目經(jīng)理 B 職能經(jīng)理 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 C 高管或用戶團體 D 客戶 14 Each project phase is marked by completion of one or more A tasks B milestone C deliverables D life cycles 每一個項目階段以完成一個或多個 為標志 A 任務 B 里程碑 C 可交付成果 D 生命周期 15 Of the PMBOK s five project management processes groups which group has the highest level of activity throughout the life of the project A Executing B Planning C Controlling D Initiating 在項目管理知識體系 5個管理過程組中 哪一個過程組在項目實施的全過 程具有最高的活動等級 A 執(zhí)行 B 規(guī)劃 C 監(jiān)控 D 啟動 16 When should senior management perform periodic project reviews A Completion of a milestone B Completion of each life cycle phase C When one functional group completes their tasks D When an activity interface point is reached PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 什么時候需要高級管理層進行周期性項目評審 A 個里程碑的完成時 B 每一個生命周期階段的完成時 C 當某個職能團隊完成他們的任務時 D 當達到某個活動接口點的時候 17 Most of the problems associated with completing a contract represent the two basic characteristics of human behavior which are A cognitive and affective B internal and external C affective and organizational D emotional and project close out 與完成一個合同有關的大多數(shù)問題體現(xiàn)了人際行為的兩個基本特征 他們 是 A 理性的和感性的 B 內(nèi)在的和外在的 c 感性的和組織化的 D 情緒化的和面向項目結(jié)果化的 18 The development of long term goals set by executive management called A project planning B operation planning C strategic planning D contingency planning 高級管理層設定的長期目標稱為 A 項目計劃 B 運營計劃 C 戰(zhàn)略計劃 D 應急計劃 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 19 Who is directly responsible for satisfying project requirement A The functional managers B Top management C The project manager D The project team 誰直接對滿足項目需求負責 A 職能經(jīng)理 B 高級管理層 C 項目經(jīng)理 D 項目團隊 20 Which of the following is NOT a process in the project life cycle A Planning B Initiating C Closing D Project reporting 下列哪一項不屬于項目生命周期中的過程 A 規(guī)劃過程 B 啟動過程 C 收尾過程 D 項目匯報 21 In development of the project plan which of the following elements should included to reduce project risk A Project schedules B Work breakdown structure C Mitigation plans D Statement of project objectives 在制定項目計劃過程中 應該運用下列哪個要素來減少項目風險 A 項目進度 B 工作分解結(jié)構(gòu) C 緩解計劃 D 項目目標說明書 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 22 Projects with high risk and a great deal of uncertainty are handled best by A pure project organizations B matrix organizations C tiger teams D functionally organized corporations 具有高度風險和很大不確定性的項目最好由 處理 A 純項目型組織 B 矩陣型組 C 激進的團隊 D 職能組織化的公司 23 Work authorization A is a process of sanctioning project related work B is necessary for effective scope management C is based on the work packages or tasks that are identified in the project work breakdown structure as the work and cost control elements of the project D includes procedures and documents for work orders contracts And purchase orders 工作授權 A 是一個批準項目相關工作的過程 B 對于有效范圍管理是必要的 C 是基于工作包或任務的 這些工作包和任務在項目 工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)中被 確認 為項目的工作和成本控制元素 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 D 包括工作順序 合同和購買順序的規(guī)程和文檔 24 All of the following are reasons projects fail except A plans require too much in little time B planning is performed by a central planning group C management assumes that all activities will nor be completed on schedule D poor financial estimates 下列選項不是項目失敗的原因是 A 計劃太多 時間太少 B 由一個中央計劃團隊來制訂計劃 C 管理層假定不是所有的活動都能按進度計劃完成 D 不良的財務估算 25 Regular changes which are processed through the change control system A are changes which impact baseline measurements B affect the project s bottom line and may require additional resources from management reserve C will require a modification to the measure of success D arc coordinated and communicated across all functional areas of the project to ensure complete integration 那些在變更控制系統(tǒng)中處理的常規(guī)變更 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 A 是影響基準計劃度量的變更 B 影響項目的底線并需要從管理儲備中獲得額外資源 C 將需要修改成功的衡量標準 D 需要在項目所有的職能領域中加以保證完全的整合 26 The change control system must include all but which of the following A The paperwork B The tracking system C Verbal approvals D Authorization approval levels 變更控制系統(tǒng)不一定要包含下列哪個選項 A 文書工作 B 跟蹤系統(tǒng) C 口頭同意 D 授權同意層次 27 During project plan execution A the stakeholders are involved to provide input to the plan B the project Charter is generated C a milestone schedule is developed D the project manager uses corrective action to bring future performance in line with project plan 在項目計劃執(zhí)行階段 A 項目干系人要將自己的意見納入到計劃中 B 產(chǎn)生項目章程 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 C 形成里程碑進度 D 項目經(jīng)理使用糾正的行為來使得未來行為和計劃一致 28 Across the majority of industries which of tge following organizational structures is the need for communication the greatest A Traditional B Departmental C Bureaucratic D Matrix 對于大多數(shù)的行業(yè) 在下列哪一類組織結(jié)構(gòu)中最需要進行溝通 A 傳統(tǒng)式 B 部門式 C 官僚層級式 D 矩陣式 29 Which of the following organizational structures is the project manager s position recognized as a full time job A Functional organization B Weak matrix organization C Projectized organization D Expeditor organization 在下列哪一種組織結(jié)構(gòu)類型中 項目經(jīng)理職位被認為是全職工作 A 職能型組織 B 弱矩陣型組織 C 項目型組織 D 救火 型組織 30 Joan is building her project team and is considering the resources she will need to work on the project Choosing the right people is essential However the right people are not always available In order to ensure she can set up her project organization properly Joan will need to look for all but one of the following A Will the most desirable individuals be available when she needs them PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 B Have the individuals performed this kind of project work in the past C Are the candidates organizationally related to the sponsor D Are they likely to work well together as a team 瓊正要創(chuàng)建自己的項目團隊 并正在考慮項目工作所需要的資源 選擇適 當?shù)娜诉x是最基本的 然而 合適的人不是隨時都能找到 為了確保能恰 當?shù)亟㈨椖拷M織 瓊將需要尋找除 之外的所有下列事項 A 當需要適當?shù)娜藭r 最想要的人是否可以得到 B 過去是否有人完成過這類項目工作 c 候選人是否與業(yè)主有組織關聯(lián) D 他們能否作為團隊一起工作得很好 31 Consider a project where core personnel from the functional areas are assigned to the project on a full time basis and the functional managers have no formal involvement This situation describes an example of A project matrix B unbalance matrix C non functional organization D project team 如果在一個項目中 來自職能領域的核心員 T被安排專職做項目 但是 職能經(jīng)理 并沒有正式參與 這種情形描述的是 A 項目矩陣 B 非平衡矩陣 C 非職能型組織 D 項目團隊 32 Project managers are expected to understand human behavior possibly even more than functional managers because PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 A project managers spend more time with people B project managers must continually motivate a cross functional team toward project objectives C functional managers rely more on Theory X principles D project managers rely more on Theory Y principles 期望項目經(jīng)理比職能經(jīng)理要更好地理解人的行為 這是因為 A 項目經(jīng)理要花更多的時間與人打交道 B 項目經(jīng)理必須不斷地激發(fā)跨職能的項目團隊去實現(xiàn)目標 C 職能經(jīng)理更多地依賴 X理論的原理 D 項目經(jīng)理更多地依賴 Y理論的原理 33 In a project context which of the following is not seen as a disadvantage of the functional organization A Conflicts between functional groups B Ideas remaining functionally oriented C The existence of a strong central authority responsible for the entire project D Difficulties in integrating cross functional activities 在項目中 下列的哪一項沒被看作是職能組織的一個劣勢 A 職能群組之間的沖突 B 以職能為導向的觀念思想 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 C 存在中央集權 D 很難整合跨職能部門的活動 34 Which of the following is NOT critical action for the project manger to take in the integration process for a matrix organization A Planning for integration B Development of an integrated WBS schedule and budget C Provide technical training for the project team members D Resolve customer problems 在矩陣型組織巾 下列哪個不是項目經(jīng)理在整合管理過程中的重要行為 A 整合規(guī)劃 B 完成對 WBS 進度和預算的整合 C 提供項目成員的技術培訓 D 解決顧客問題 35 In which of the following project characteristics would it be most appropriate to use a projectized organizational form over a strong matrix A The uncertainty is complex and the technology is medium B The size is small and the uncertainty is high C The size is large and the technology is new D The time criticality is moderate and the duration is long 在下列項目具備的特性中 哪種情況使用項目型組織比強矩陣型組織要更 合適 A 具有復雜的不確定性和中等的技術難度 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 B 具有小的規(guī)模和高的不確定性 C 具有大的規(guī)模和新的技術 D 期限要求較寬松并持續(xù)較長 36 The matrix organization structure A is used to manage several target complex projects simultaneously when there are insufficient resources to staff cach project on a full time basis B is used when an organization decides to undertake a single Very large project C ensures a lower level of conflict within the overall organization than with the functional organizational form D does not allow for the project team members to have a home after the completion of the project 矩陣型組織結(jié)構(gòu) A 被用在同時管理幾個大型 復雜的項目 并且人力資源稀缺的組織中 B 被用在決定承擔一個大型項目的組織中 C 保證在整個組織中比在職能組織中引起更少的沖突 D 不免許項目成員在完成工作后回到各自的團隊中 37 Major difficulties arise when multiple projects need to be managed in the functional organizational structure because of A the level of authority of the project manager B conflicts over the relative priorities of different projects in competition for limited resources PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 C project team members who are focused on their functional specialty rather than on the project D the need for the project manager to use interpersonal skills to resolve conflicts informally 在職能型組織中管理多重項目時 就會出現(xiàn)很大的困難 這是因為 A 項目經(jīng)理的職權級別 B 不同項目在爭取有限資源時的相對優(yōu)先等級沖突 C 項目團隊成員關心他們各自的職能領域而不是項目本身 D 項目經(jīng)理需要利用處理人際關系的技能 以非正式的方式解決沖突 38 You have been assigned as project manager on what could be a bet the company project If the project is successful management will be carrying you around on a sedan chair If it fails you will be in the unemployment line You realize that to be successful you need to exercise maximum control over project resources Which form of project organization should you establish for this project A Strong matrix B Projectized C Project coordinator D Weak matrix 你負責管理一個項目 這個項目對你來說是成敗在此一舉 如果項目成功 了 那 么你的前途無量 如果項目失敗了 那么你就要被炒魷魚 你意 識到 為了使項目成功 你必須對項目資源具有最大程度的控制 那么你 預備建立哪一種項目 組織形式來達到你的目的 A 強矩陣 B 項目型 PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 C 項目協(xié)調(diào)人 D 弱矩陣 39 Project A is being administered using a matrix form of organization The project manager reports to a senior vice president who provides visible support to the project In this scenario which of the following statements best describes the relative power of the project manager A The project manager will probably not be challenged by project stakeholders B In this strong matrix the balance of power is shifted to the functional line managers C In this tight matrix the balance of power is shifted to the project manager D In this strong matrix the balance of power is shifted to the project manager 項目 A通過一個矩陣型組織進行管理 項目經(jīng)理向一位高級副總裁匯報 工作 后者對項目提供實際的幫助 在這種情況下 以下哪個陳述最好地說明了 項目 經(jīng)理的相對權力 A 項目經(jīng)理很可能不會受到項目干系人的責難 B 在這個強矩陣中 權力的平衡傾向于職能經(jīng)理 C 在這個緊密矩陣中 權力平衡傾向于項目經(jīng)理 D 在這個強矩陣中 權力平衡傾向于項目經(jīng)理 40 Currency fluctuations political instability and competition from national and regional governments and special interest groups can interfere with project management of international projects Project managers for international projects should recognize the primary factors in cross cultural PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 settings and place special emphasis on A establishing a performance reporting system B developing a system to manage communications C establishing and following a production schedule for information distribution to avoid responding to requests for in formation between scheduled communications D using translation services for formal written project reports 幣值波動 政治動蕩 中央和地方政府之間的競爭 以及不同利益集團之 間的沖 突會干擾國際項目的管理 管理國際項目的項目經(jīng)理應該意識到 跨文化環(huán)境的主要影響因素 并應特別重視 A 建立績效報告系統(tǒng) B 建立溝通管理系統(tǒng) C 建立和執(zhí)行產(chǎn)生進度表以方便信息分配 避免在定期會面之間出現(xiàn)情 況的變化 D 翻譯正式 書面的項目報告 41 As the leader of a project team the project manager may be required to assess the competencies of his or her team members Occasionally some weaknesses or areas for improvement be identified the project manager should A remove any team members who have demonstrated weaknesses in critical knowledge areas B communicate those weaknesses and establish a performance improvement program C hire additional resources to compensate for weak areas PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 D wait for the team members to fail in an assignment to justify termination 作為項目團隊的領導 項目經(jīng)理可能要評估項目組成員的勝任能力 有時 會發(fā) 現(xiàn)一些弱點或需要改進的領域 此時項目經(jīng)理應該 A 辭退任何在關鍵的知識領域中表現(xiàn)弱點的項目團隊成員 B 就這些弱點進行溝通 并建立績效改進計劃 C 雇用其他人員來補償弱的領域 D 等待項目團隊成員在工作中遭到失敗 并以此為理由辭退他 42 One organizational option for improving communications and teamwork is using a tight matrix This approach also serves to facilitate A fast tracking B concurrent engineering C resource leveling D work on geographically dispersed or virtual teams 一個公司為改善溝通和團隊協(xié)作可以選擇使用一個緊密矩陣的形式把大家 組織 起來 這種方法還能促進 A 快速跟進 B 并行工程 C 資源平衡 D 地理上分散或虛擬團隊的工作 43 Progressive elaboration is a characteristic of projects that integrate the concepts of temporary and unique in project plan development progressive elaboration also is terms of PMP 真題解答 by PMBOK 專家解析 A assumptions B constraints C project management information system D organizational policies and procedures 漸進明細是結(jié)合了項目的一次性和獨特性的特點 編制項目計劃的過程 中 漸進明細在 方面也是重要的 A 假設 B 制約因素 c 項目管理信息系統(tǒng) D 組織政策和程序 44 Which of the