最新初中英語常見動詞短語匯總及練習(xí)題(附解析).docx

初中英語高頻考點(diǎn)之動詞短語及習(xí)題(附解析)一.同一動詞不同介詞副詞break 短語break in 打斷；闖入break into 破門而入break out 爆發(fā)break up 打碎；結(jié)束；解散break down 發(fā)生故障；拋錨，分解break away 脫離，放棄come短語come up 升起；發(fā)生come up with 想出（主意）come across (偶然)遇見(或發(fā)現(xiàn))come along 進(jìn)展；一起去come down下降；下落come in 進(jìn)來come from來自come back 回來come on 趕快；加油come out出版，發(fā)行；出現(xiàn)；開花；發(fā)芽come over 過來；順便來訪come true(希望、夢想等)實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)cut 短語cut up 切碎cut down 砍到，消減cut off 切斷，切除cut out 刪除；刪去；剪下cut in 插嘴fall短語fall into 落入；陷入fall behind 落后fall down 摔倒，倒塌fall off (從上)掉下fall asleep 入睡fall over 絆倒；跌倒get短語get away 逃離get back返回get down 下降get on上車get off下車get over 克服get up起床；起來get along/on with sb. 與某人相處go短語go away走開;離開go back回去go up上升；增長go out出去；熄滅go off（鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲go over仔細(xì)檢查；復(fù)習(xí)go through通過give短語give away贈送；分發(fā)give back還給；歸還；恢復(fù)(健康等)give in投降，屈服give out發(fā)出(氣味、光線、聲音、信號)；分發(fā)give up放棄jump短語jump into 跳入jump over 跳過jump off 跳離leave短語leave for 出發(fā)前往；動身去leave behind 留下；遺留leave out 遺漏；省去；不考慮leave alone 不打擾；不理look短語look after 照顧；照看look at看look around 環(huán)顧四周look for尋找；尋求look into 調(diào)查look out當(dāng)心look over (仔細(xì))檢查look through瀏覽look up(在詞典、參考書等中)查閱；查找look up to欽佩；仰慕；尊敬look down upon瞧不起look forward to 盼望；期待put短語put away把收起來；儲存?zhèn)溆胮ut down寫下；放下put off推遲；拖延put on穿上；上演；增加put out撲滅；熄滅(火)；伸出put up 張貼；搭建put back 放回原處；把（鐘）撥慢take短語take away拿走；帶走take down取下；記下；拆卸take in吸入；吞入(體內(nèi))take out取出take off 脫下（衣服）；（飛機(jī)等）起飛take up占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間)；開始從事；拿起take care當(dāng)心；小心take after (在外貌、性格等方面)與(父母等)相像take care of照看；照顧turn短語turn down調(diào)低；拒絕turn up 調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)turn on打開；接通turn off 關(guān)閉；切斷 turn out結(jié)果是turn in上交send 短語send out 發(fā)出，發(fā)送，派遣send up 發(fā)射send for 派人去請send in 寄去，遞交二.不同動詞同一介詞副詞about短語care about 關(guān)心；在意hear about （=hear of ）聽說talk about談?wù)摚挥懻摚?think about考慮；認(rèn)為throw about 亂丟；拋撒worry about擔(dān)心at短語point at 指向look at 看（某人）throw at 投向；擲向laugh at (sb.)嘲笑（某人）knock at 敲shout at（sb.)對（某人）大喊aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在away短語get away逃離give away 贈送；分發(fā)put away把收起來；儲存?zhèn)溆胷un away逃跑；跑掉take away 拿走throw away扔掉move away 搬走，移開back短語bring back 恢復(fù)；使想起；歸還come back回來get back回來；恢復(fù)give back歸還；送回go back 回去talk back 回嘴；頂嘴pay back 償還(借款等)down短語break down 停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；出故障calm down 保持冷靜cut down砍倒；削減fall down 落下；摔倒get down 下來；落下put down 寫下；記下；放下shut down 關(guān)上；停業(yè)shoot down 射下，擊落take down 拆除；記錄turn down調(diào)低；關(guān)小；拒絕write down寫下；記下in短語believe in信任；信賴bring in 引進(jìn)；生產(chǎn)check in 報(bào)到；登記come in進(jìn)來hand in交上；提交；呈送take in吸入；吞入(體內(nèi))；理解；欺騙join in 參加，加入of短語hear of 聽說think of 想起；認(rèn)為；考慮get out of 離開；從出來take care of照顧；照看off短語break off突然中止；中斷cut off切除；切斷drop off 減少；下降fall off從掉下get off脫下；下車go off (鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲；發(fā)出（光、熱等）keep off勿踏；勿踩knock off 停止做某事pay off償清(欠款等)put off推遲；拖延run off 跑掉；迅速離開see off（為某人）送行set off動身（去某地）；起程send off 派遣shut off關(guān)閉；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)take off 脫下（衣服），（飛機(jī)等）起飛tell off 責(zé)備；分派turn off 關(guān)閉on短語put on 穿上turn on打開fight on堅(jiān)持pass on 傳遞keep on繼續(xù)（進(jìn)行）try on試穿；試試看work on從事；忙于depend on依賴come on趕快；加油；來吧hold on等一等（別掛電話）out短語blow out 吹滅break out(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)等)突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出check out查看；觀察clean out清除；把打掃干凈clear out 清理；丟掉come out出版；發(fā)表cut out 刪除；刪去find out查明；弄清 get out 出去，離開give out發(fā)出(氣味、光線、聲音、信號)；分發(fā)go out 出去；熄滅hand out分發(fā)；發(fā)放hang out 閑逛keep out不讓.進(jìn)入leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略look out留神；當(dāng)心put out撲滅；熄滅(火)point out 指出run out 用盡；耗盡sell out賣完；售光set out 出發(fā)；啟程stand out 站出來；突出；堅(jiān)持到底take out取出work out算出；解決help (sb.) out幫助(某人)解決困難over短語come over 過來；順便來訪fall over 絆倒；跌倒get over 克服；恢復(fù)；原諒go over 仔細(xì)檢查；復(fù)習(xí)look over(仔細(xì))檢查think over 仔細(xì)考慮up短語bring up教育；培養(yǎng)；提出cheer up使振奮；使高興起來(cheer sb. up)clean up(把)打掃干凈；(把)收拾整齊cut up切碎dress up穿上盛裝；裝扮eat up 吃光；吃完fix up修理；修補(bǔ)get up 起床give up放棄grow up成長；長大hang up掛斷電話hurry up趕快look up(在詞典、參考書等中)查閱；查找make up 編造；形成；組成pick up撿起；接電話put up張貼；搭建ring up 打電話send up 發(fā)射，把送上去set up建立；創(chuàng)立；開辦show up出席；露面stay up不睡覺；熬夜take up (尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做；開始做think up想出turn up開大(聲音)；出現(xiàn)use up用完；用光；耗盡wake up 醒來with短語agree with贊同；持相同意見begin with以開始connect with與相連 deal with處理；應(yīng)付catch up with 趕上come up with提出；想出(主意、回答等)get along/on with sb.與某人相處go on with繼續(xù)keep in touch with sb.與某人保持聯(lián)系keep up with與.并駕齊驅(qū)；跟上 習(xí)題及解析1We will never _ our dream until it comes true one day.A.give up B. give in C. give out D. give awayA【解析】句意：我們永遠(yuǎn)不會_ 我們的夢想直到它實(shí)現(xiàn)的那一天。give up放棄；give in屈服；give out分發(fā)；give away捐贈，根據(jù)句意放棄夢想，故選A。2Hurry up! Im afraid we will miss the plane.Dont worry! The plane will not_until 12 oclock.A.take after B. take away C. take off D. take outC【解析】句意：“快點(diǎn)！我擔(dān)心我們將錯(cuò)過飛機(jī)”“不要擔(dān)心！飛機(jī)12點(diǎn)前不會 _?！眛ake after（外貌或行為）像；take away拿走；take off起飛；take out取出。根據(jù)句意飛機(jī)應(yīng)該是起飛，故選C。3Why does your room look so small?Because the bed _too much space.A. takes up B. takes down C. takes off D. takes awayA【解析】句意“為什么你的房間看起來這么?。俊薄耙?yàn)榇瞋太多的空間?！眛akes up占據(jù)；takes down記下；takes off脫掉，（飛機(jī)等）起飛；takes away帶走，取走。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“床占據(jù)了太多空間，所以房間看上去很小”。故選A。4In order to save the energy, we should _ lights in time if we dont need them.A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn onC【解析】句意：為了節(jié)約能源，在我們不需要用燈時(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)把他們_。 turn up調(diào)大，通常指聲音等；turn down調(diào)??；turn off關(guān)閉；turn on打開。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指關(guān)掉燈。故選C。5Imvery surprised to_an old friend in Paris. We havent seen each other for years.A. come out B. come across C. come after D. come onB【解析】句意：我很驚訝在巴黎_一位老朋友。我們很多年都沒見面了。come out出版；come across偶然遇見；come after跟隨；come on加油。根據(jù)語境可知選B。6Its a good habit for us that we should never _ todays work till tomorrow.A. put on B. put offC. put up D. put downB【解析】句意：我們應(yīng)該決不把今天的事情_到明天，這對我們來說是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。 put on穿上； put off 推遲；put up張貼；put down記下，根據(jù)句意表示把今天的事情推遲到明天，故選B。7Thedoctors _ the little girl carefully. They advised her to take some medicine on time.A. looked into B. looked over C. looked for D. looked atB【解析】句意：醫(yī)生們仔細(xì)地_ 小女孩。他們建議她按時(shí)吃藥。looked into調(diào)查；looked over (仔細(xì))檢查；looked for 尋找；looked at看。結(jié)合句意可知此處是指醫(yī)生仔細(xì)地檢查了那個(gè)小女孩。故選B。8What do you usually do in the evening, Tom?I usually _ the newspapers to find something interesting.A.look through B. look outC. look around D. looked intoA【解析】句意“湯姆，你晚上通常做什么？”“我通常_報(bào)紙來找一些有趣的東西?！?look through瀏覽；look out當(dāng)心；look around向四周看；looked into調(diào)查。根據(jù)句意可知指“瀏覽”，故選A。9Mike and his parents will _for Shanghai to visit Disney Park tomorrow.A. put off B. take off C. get off D. set offD【解析】句意：邁克和他父母明天將_去上海參觀迪斯尼樂園。put off推遲；take off脫下，（飛機(jī)）起飛；get off下車；set off動身（去）。根據(jù)句意可知，他們明天動身去上海參觀，因此用set off。故選D。10This bus doesnt go to the train station. Im afraid youll have to _ at the library and take the A30.A. take off B.put off C. get off D.turn offC【解析】句意：這輛公交車不去火車站。我恐怕你不得不從圖書館_, 然后轉(zhuǎn)乘A30。take off 脫下，（飛機(jī)）起飛；put off推遲；get off下車；turn off關(guān)閉。根據(jù)語境可知此處指的是下車，故選C。11What are you doing over there?Im _a photo of our family on the wall.A. looking up B. giving up C. making up D. putting upD【解析】句意:“你在那邊做什么？”“我把一張我們的全家福_在墻上?！眑ooking up向上看，查找；giving up放棄；making up組成，編造；putting up張貼。根據(jù)句意可知“put up”符合語境，指把照片往墻上貼。故選D。12People along the river didnt allow them to_ a factory there in order to protect the water.A. set up B. give up C. take up D. look upA【解析】句意：為了保護(hù)河水，沿河的人們不允許他們在_那一個(gè)工廠。set up建立，開業(yè)；give up放棄；take up從事；占據(jù)；look up查閱，向上看。set up a factory建立一個(gè)工廠。故選A。13Do you know who _ my dictionary? I cant find it.Sorry, I dont know, either. I wasout just now.A.got away B. took away C. ran away D. threw awayB【解析】句意：“你知道誰_我的字典嗎？我找不到它了”“不好意思，我也不知道。我剛出去了”got away逃離;took away拿走；run away逃跑；threw away扔掉。根據(jù)句意可以是詢問誰拿走了我的字典，故選B。14Could you tell me where the fitting room is? I need to_ this pair of pants.Sure. Over there.A.work on B. pass on C. depend on D. try onD【解析】句意：“你能告訴我試衣間在哪里嗎？我需要_這條褲子。”“當(dāng)然可以。在那邊”work on從事；pass on傳遞；depend on依賴；try on試穿。根據(jù)句意尋找試衣間，表示要試穿這條褲子，故選D。15When will your new book_? I cant wait to read it.Next month.A.give out B. come out C. work out D. sell outB【解析】句意：“你的新書什么時(shí)候_？我迫不及待地想讀它。”“下個(gè)月”give out 分發(fā)；come out 出版；work out 解決；sell out賣光。根據(jù)句意“我”想讀你的書，可知詢問的是新書什么時(shí)候出版，故選B。16It took them about five hours to _ the fire. Although the house was destroyed, nobody was hurt.A. put out B. carry out C. work out D. find outA【解析】句意：他們花費(fèi)了大約5個(gè)小時(shí)才把火_。盡管房子被毀壞了，但沒人受傷。put out撲滅，熄滅；carry out實(shí)施；work out算出，解決；find out查明。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“花了將近5個(gè)小時(shí)才把火撲滅”，故選A。17The best way of _ the problem is by asking the teacher for help.A. beginning withB. dealing with C. connecting with D. a